Lnh vc ng nghip: ngh nui tm

I) iu kin thun li:

iu kin t nhin:
- B bin di, c vng kinh t rng.
- Ngun tm di do, phong ph, c gi tr xut khu cao.
- C nhiu ng trng trng im.
- C din tch mt nc nui trng cc loi thy sn ni chung v tm ni ring
kh ln (nc ngt, nc mt, nc l).
iu kin KT-XH:
- Nhn dn ta c kinh nghim v truyn thng nh bt v nui trng thy sn .
- Trong nn kinh t hin i, ta c th p dng nhng thit b khoa hc k thut
gip tng nng sut.
- Cc phng tin tu thuyn, ng c cng ngy cng c trang b tt hn.
- Nh nc c nhng chnh sch i mi gip to thun li cho cc nghnh
thy sn.
- Th trng xut khu c m rng.
II) i tng lao ng:
i tng lao ng ca ngh nui tm l cc loi tm, ao, h, cc loi thc n
cho tm, cc thit b k thut, nc.
III) Ni dung lao ng:
1/ Thit k rung nui
- Din tch rung la: tt nht l 4.000 - 5.000 m2
- Ao lng: 1.000 m2 (khong 1/5), hin nay khu vc Cn Gi, Nh B nng dn hu nh
khng s dng ao lng cho nui tm trn rung la.
- Mng bao: bt buc phi c v gip cho tm s trnh nng vo ban ngy, d kim
tra, kim sot tm tng trng, lng thc n hin nay nhiu h nng dn khng quan tm
n vic thit k mng bao. Mng c th thit k bao quanh rung la, hnh xng c
hoc mt bn.
- Thit k gc ao ng hoc vo ng ngay trn rung, hin nay nng dn cha p
dng vic ng ging trc khi th nui, hu ht khi mua ging post 15 l th ngay ra
ao ng nn t l hao ht kh cao. Nn ng ngay trn rung hoc vo t 10 - 15 ngy
trc khi th ra rung nui.
Mt nc
0,3 - 0,4m (mt rung)
1 - 1,2m

Gc
ng ng ngay
gia rung

2/ Ci to rung nui
 - Sau khi thu hoch la, dn ht gc r, cho nc vo rung ngm t 5 - 7 ngy, sau
tho nc ra v cho ra v t nhin ra phn v v sinh mt rung, i vi mng bao
cn ht ht lp bn y mng, sa li b cho chc chn. Nu c iu kin nn lt bt
quanh rung.
- Phi rung t 2 - 3 ngy cho va se mt rung l c, sau dng vi (CaO) ri
khp mt rung v mng bao vi liu lng 50 - 100 kg/1.000 m2 mt rung.
- Trong thi gian x l mt rung ng thi ly nc vo ao lng qua ti lc trc khi
cho vo rung t 3 - 4 ngy, mn tt nht 8 - 12%o.
3/ X l rung trc khi th ging tm
- Dng Chlorine nng 30 ppm x l trong ao lng trc khi a vo rung 3 ngy,
thc hin n khi mc nc trong mt rung t mc 0,4 m.
- Dng thuc dit c ha vi nc tt khp ao theo hng dn s dng trn bao b ca
nh sn xut.
- Gy mu nc: s dng phn ur 1,5 - 2 kg v 0,5 kg phn DAP/1.000 m 3 nc trong
rung nui (tt nht nn bn phn vo sng sm), sau vi ngy khi thy nc c mu xanh
t chui, mu xanh v u hay mu tr nu nht l c, lc ny c th th ging.
- Trc khi quyt nh th ging cn kim tra 2 ch tiu sau: mn phi t t 5 -
10%o, pH phi t 7,5 - 8,5.
n Nu pH < 7,3: tng cng thm vi t 3 - 5 kg/1.000 m 3 nc, hoc Super-Ca 20
kg/1.000 m3 nc.
n Nu pH > th s dng nc t ao lng c x l thay vo khong 10 - 30% mi
ngy n khi t yu cu.
4/ Th ging
- Thi im th ging tt nht l thng 3 DL.
- Mt th ging:
n Mt ng: ng trong vo hoc s dng mt gc rung ng tm ging 10 - 15
ngy trc khi th ra rung nui: mt ng 100 con/m2, t l hao ht cho php 5%.
n Mt th nui: sau 10 - 15 ngy th tm ra rung nui m bo mt 7 - 10
con/m2.
5/ Chm sc - Qun l
- Thc n: hin nay trn th trng c rt nhiu loi thc n cng nghip, ty iu kin
nng dn la chn, tuy nhin nn chn nhng loi sn phm c thng hiu r rng, c
cng b cht lng theo qui nh. Lng thc n, kch c vin thc n theo tui pht trin
ca tm c hng dn trn bao b.
- Thi gian v s ln cho n: nn cho n 4 ln/ngy: 5 - 6 gi sng, 11 - 12 gi tra, 5 -
6 gi chiu, 9 - 10 gi m.
- Cch cho n: cc gc rung nn t mng n kim tra lng thc n tha hay thiu
nhm iu chnh lng thc n cho ph hp. Ban ngy nn cho thc n nhiu mng bao,
ban m ri nhiu trn mt rung. Sau 2 - 3 gi kim tra mng n, kt hp kim tra thc n
trong rut tm. Nu ng rut u, lin tc, phn ng nhanh th hin tm no, khe.
Qun l cht lng nc trong rung tm: hng tun nn nh k o pH, mn,
nhit nc mt ln lc 6 - 7 gi sng v 3 - 4 gi chiu.
IV) Yu cu ca ngh:
- Cn c chm ch, khng s vt v.
- Cn c sc khe tt, khng b cc bnh khi tip xc vi nc, vi tm.
- C am m i vi ngh.
- Cn thn khi lao ng v m bo cc an ton khi lao ng
- Cn c kin thc nui tm.
V) Tim nng ca ngh:
- Ty loi tm m s tin thu c khc nhau. Nhng s tin li 1 v th lun lun l
my chc triu ( nu li).
- Xut khu ra th gii vi gi thnh kh cao