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Felsic magmatic melts are rarely in a position to generate

significant orthomagmatic deposits. However, several
magnetite apatite bearing iron ore deposits associated
with lava flows (basalts, andesites, rhyolites etc.,)
encountered at several places are considered as of magmatic
segregation origin

Complex pegmatites usually have a complex mineralogy with

many rare minerals and display internal zoning. Inner zone
materials often produce tongue apophyses or cross-cutting
veins into the outer zone, but never the other way round.

References

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South-west Africa. Econ. Geol., 71, 351-68.

Binsburg, AI., Timofeyev, IN. and Feldman, L.G. (1979): Principles of Geology of The
Granitic Pegmatites: Nedra, Moscow, 296 pp. (in Russian).

Bookstrom, A.A. (1995): Magmatic features of iron ores of the kiruna type in Chile and
Sweden: ore textures and magnetite geochemistryA discussion. Econ. Geol., 90, 469-
473.

Cameron EN., Jahns RH., McNair A.H. & Page L.R. (1949) Internal structure of granitic
pegmatites. Econ. Geol. Monogr., 2, 115.

Cerny, P. (1989) Characteristics of pegmatite deposits of tantalum. In Moller P., Cerny P. &
Saupe E (eds), Lanthanides, Tantalum and Niobium, 195-239. Springer Verlag, Berlin.

Lu, Huan-Zang, and Zhonggang, Wang (1994): Fluid, fluid melt and melt inclusions studies
on no. 3 pegmatite of Keketuohai, Xinijiang province, China (Abst.). 9th IAGOD Symp.,
Aug. 12-18, Beijing, 1, 166-167.

Oreskes, N., Rhodes, A.L., Rainville, K., Sheets, S., Espinoza, S. and Zentilli, M. (1994):
Origins of magnetite deposits at El T.,aco Chile: new evidence from field studies, fluid
inclusions, stable isotopes and fission track analysis. (Abst). Geol. Soc. Amer. Abstr. with
Programs, 26, 7, A-379.

Park C F (1961) A magnetite 'flow' in northern Chile, Econ. Geol., 56, 431- 441.

Park C F. Jr. & MacDiarmid RA. (1975) are Deposits. Freeman. San Francisco.

Park, T. (1985): Phosphorous in different type of ores, sulfide in the Iron deposits, and the
type and origin of ore at Kiruna. Econ. Geol., 80, 646-665.

Solomon, M. (1976): Volcanic mssive sulfide deposits and their host rocksa review and
an explanation. In: Wolf, K.A. (Ed.), Handbook of Stratabound and Stratiform Ore
Deposits, II Regional Studies an Specific Deposits. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 6, 21-50.

Symons R. (1961) Operation at Bikita minerals (Private) Ltd., Southem Rhodesia. Trans.
lnstn Min. Metall., 71, 129-72.

Thomas AV., Bray CJ. & Spooner ETC. (1988) A discussion of the Jahns-Burnham proposal
for the formation of zoned granitic pegmatites using solid-liquid- vapour inclusions from
the Tanco Pegmatite, S.E. Manitoba, Canada. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, Earth Sci., 79,
299-315.

Travisany, V., Henriquez, F. And Nystrom, J. O. (1995): Magnetite lava flows in the Pleito-
Melon district of the Chilean iron belt. Econ. Geol., 90, 438-444.

Williams D. (1969) Ore deposits of volcanic affiliation. In James CH. (ed.), Sedimentary
Ores Ancient and Modern (Revised), 197-206. Spec. Pub!. 1, Geo!. Dept., Leicester

Glossary

Alphabet Term Definition Related

term

A Abukama type The recrystallization of rocks under a high geothermal

gradient so that at any given temperature the pressure is
 metamorphism relatively low.

A Anatexis: Anatexis: differential, or partial, melting of rocks,

especially in the forming of metamorphic rocks such as
migmatites.

A Andesite Andesite is an extrusive igneous, volcanic rock, of

intermediate composition, with aphanitic to porphyritic
texture.

K Keratophyre lorite, epidote, or calcite. Phenocrystsof

unaltered augite are sometimes present. spinifex texture
of Komatiite

L Lithophile Lithophile elements are those that remain on or close to

elements the surface because they combine readily with oxygen,
forming compounds that do not sink into the core. The
lithophile elements include: Al, At, B, Ba, Be, Br, Ca, Cl, Cr,
Cs, F, I, Hf, K, Li, Mg, Na, Nb, O, P, Rb, Sc, Si, Sr, Ta, Tc, Th,
Ti, U, V, Y, Zr, W and the lanthanides.

M Migmatite A mixture of metamorphic rock and igneous rock. It is

created when a metamorphic rock such as gneiss
partially melts, and then that melt recrystallizes into an
igneous rock, creating a mixture of the unmelted
metamorphic part with the recrystallized igneous part.
O Orthomagmatic Applied to the stage during which the main mass
of silicates crystallizes from a magma.

P Precambrian A shield is generally a large area of exposed Precambrian

shield crystalline igneous and high-grade metamorphic rocks that
form tectonically stable areas.

R Rhyolite an igneous, volcanic rock, of felsic (silica-rich) composition

(typically > 69% SiO2see the TAS classification).

R Rhyodacite An extrusive volcanic rock intermediate in composition

between dacite and rhyolite.
R Rift graben A graben is a depressed block of land bordered by parallel
faults.

T Tholeiite Fine-grained extrusive igneous rock, a basalt that

contains plagioclase feldspar (labradorite), clinopyroxene
(augite with pigeonite), and iron ore (magnetite and
ilmenite). Tholeiitic lavas often contain glass, but little or
no olivine.