GASTRITIS

A. Definition
Gastritis is a condition of inflammation or bleeding gastric mucosa that can be acute or
crhonic (Price & Wilson, 2006).
B. Etiology
Gastritis caused by infection with bacteria. The name of bacteria is Helicobacter pylori.
In the beginning of infection, gastric mucosa shoss the acute inflammatory response and
if left unchecked will become chronic (Sudoyo Aru, dkk 2009).
C. Classification
1. Acute gastritis
Acute gastritis start from eating too much or too fast, eat the food taht contain
microorganism caused disease, irritants material such alcohol, aspirin, NSAID, lisol
and other corrosive thing.
2. Chronic gastritis
Chronic gastritis is the long gastric inflammation caused by benign ulcer or
malignant from the gaster, or caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylory) (Wim de
Jong et al, 2009).
D. Clinical Manifestation
1. Acute gastritis
a. Epigastric pain
b. Nausea
c. Vomitting
d. Active bleeding
e. From endoscopy we can see the gastric mucosa hyperemia and oedema
2. Chronic gastritis
a. Most gastritis is asymptomatic
b. More complaints related to complications of chronic gastritis like a peptic ulcers
c. Iron deficiency
d. Anemia pernisiosa
e. Gastric carcinoma (Wim de Jong, 2009)
E. Supporting examination
a. Blood test
To check for the presence of H. pylori antibodies in the blood. A positive test result
indicates that the patient had contact with bacteria.
b. Respiratory examination
This test can determine whether a patient is infected with H. pylory or not.
c. Feces examintaion
This test can determine the presence of H. pylori
d. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
With these tests can be seen abnormalities in upper gastrointestinal.
e. Upper gastrointestinal rontgen
This test will look for signs of gastritis or other gastrointestinal diseases.
F. Medical treatment
 Treatment of gastritis depends on the specific cause. Medications used to treat gastritis
include:
a. Antibiotic medications to kill H. Pylori
b. Medications that block acid production and promote healing
c. Antacids that neutralize stomach acid

Reference list:

Price, Sylvia Anderson, Wilson, Lorraine Mc Carty. 2006. Patofisiologi Konsep Klinis
Proses-Proses Penyakit ED.6, volume 1&2. Jakarta: EGC.

Sudoyo Aru, dkk. 2009. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Jilid 1,2,3 edisi keempat. Jakarta:
Internal Publishing.

Wim de Jond, et al. 2005. Buku Ajar Ilmu Bedah. Jakarta: EGC.