IP LTE

IP LTE

Evaluation and Calculation of Voice Call Capacity based on IP in LTE Network

Mehdi Sadeghian, M.Sc. in Information Technology, Islamic Azad University Garmsar Branch, Iran

sadeghian.me@gmail.com

Seyed Hassan Seyed Moosavi, Assistant Professor, IAUG, Garmsar, Iran

shseyedmoosavi@aut.ac.ir

HSPA+ HSPA1
LTE2 . LTE
. 3GPP LTE
.
LTE

HARQ.

: ) (LTE LTE IP .

.4
IP .
100 50
10 .
) (SMS
.
. (
)LTE . SMS
.
LTE 3GPP REL8 .
) (IP LTE .
.
IP . LTE :

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 IP LTE

UE . LTE IP
IP UE . UE LTE
IP . UE
UE . UE
].[1

LTE .2
3GPP
UMTS .
3GPP .
. 3GPP
) (EPS ] .[2 EPS IP
LTE . IP
. ) (PCC ].[2
1 :
) ( :)UE LTE ) (ME UMTS
GSM.
) ( :)E-UTRAN E-UTRAN
( )EPC .
) ( EPC :)EPC 3GPPEPC .
. IP
EPC . UE
].[3
EPS

SPR
S6a
S1-MME Sp
Uu S11
HSS OFCS OCS
MME Gz
eNodeB Gx Gy
PCRF
X2 S1-U
-IMS
Uu S5-S8 SGi
-Internet
-Apps
S-GW
P-GW

eNodeB
UE E-UTRAN EPC
:4 .LTE

LTE .9
.
) (LTE
. LTE SMS
(IMS) IP . LTE

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 IP LTE

] .[1
.
LTE . IMS
SMS IP IMS
. LTE
]:[2
) .CSFB
) LTE .SVLTE
) LTE .VoLGA
) .SRVCC
) .OTT
) LTE .VoLTE

.4.9
CSFB IMS
. LTE 2.5 3
. UE LTE
CS MME .
MSC UTRAN GERAN
CS MSC . MME LTE ] .[1
2 CSFB .

:2 .CSFB
.
:
) .) 2G/3G .)
.
:
) 2G 3G .)
2G 3G LTE .
LTE GSM WCDMA .) LTE
800MHz 3G 2.1GHz .)

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 IP LTE

CS LTE .)
].[4] [5

.2.9 LTE
LTE .
SVLTE CSFB .
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. .
IMS ] .[5 3 SVLTE .

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LTE .
:
) .) ].[2

.9.9 LTE
VoLGA ) (GAN .
SMS GSM/UMTS LTE .

( )SMS LTE ] .[6 VoLGA
:
) VoLGA :VANC VoLGA EPS
LTE CS GSM/UMTS . VANC
LTE 2G 3G
].[8][7
) : VANC .
.
.

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 IP LTE

) ) :(AAA
].[7
4 VoLGA .

:1 .VoLGA
.
:
) UE CS LTE
.) CSFB CS .)
.) SGSN MME MSC .
:
) GAN SRVCC .) VANC .
VANC .) VoLGA
3GPP 3GPP
].[5

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3G/WiFi OTT LTE
. OTT VoIP
. 3GPP
.
] .[10 OTT () VoIP " "
LTE . VoIP IP .
GERAN UTRAN . Tromboning
PSTN LTE VoIP LTE .
. LTE
( VoIP
P-GW PCRF LTE ) ].[1
.
:

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 IP LTE

) .) ( VoIP UE
.

:
) .) SMS .)
.LTE) ( ).

.3.9
SRVCC LTE
. LTE VoLTE LTE
] .[8 IMS SRVCC
LTE .
UE LTE SRVCC .
Sv MME MSC . Sv Inter-RAT
VoIP/IMS EPC CS 3GPP UTRAN/GERAN ] .[2 5
SRVCC .

:3 .SRVCC
.
:
) .CSFB) .
:
) .IMS) .UE)
( MSC .)Sv) LTE .[2] [9] GSM/WCDMA

LTE .3.9
VoLTE GSM IMS
LTE .
IMS : ) (UNI ) (NNI .
IMS
].[1

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 IP LTE

VoLTE LTE .
VoLTE
.
VoLTE
. VoLTE
. LTE .
VoLTE 6 ].[10

S6a
S1-MME S11 Cx.sh
HSS IMS
eNodeB MME SGi Rx
X2 S1-U
S5-S8
Gx
S-GW PCRF
P-GW

eNodeB
:3 .VoLTE
.
:
) .) .) .
:
) ) (Eco ].[9] [2
7 .

:7 .LTE

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 IP LTE

.1

LTE VoIP . LTE

RF eNodeB ] .[11
VoLTE ) (AMR .
12.2 kbps 20 244 3 .
4 RTP/UDP/IP 3 ( 24) .
) IP (RoHC . VoIP ( 244 24 + IP = )268
. VoIP RLC PDCP MAC
4 ( 32) RoHC . VoIP )(268+32=300
. 1 QPSK ) (1/3
) (RB 104 . RB 312 5
300 VoIP . 1
16-QAM ) (3/4 RB 408 VoIP
].[12

:4 .

64-QAM 5/6 16-QAM 3/4 QPSK 1/3 /

1 1 1
12 12 12 DFT-OFDM
64-QAM 16-QAM QPSK
5/6 3/4 1/3
712 408 104 ()
24 24 24 ( CRC)
0 0 0 ( CRC)
1 1 1 C
2220 1308 396 12 ( 6)
864 576 288
144 144 144

16-QAM ) (3/4
QPSK ) (1/3 . RB :

)AVGRB = QPSK(P N) + 16-QAM(P N) + 64-QAM(P N ()1

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 IP LTE

AVGRB RB P 16-QAM QPSK

64-QAM ( 64-QAM UE 6 4 3 2 1 ) [13] 7 N
RB .

90% 16-QAM 10% QPSK RB

VoIP :

(0.1 3 RBs) + (0.90 1 RB) = 1.2 RBs ()2

LTE .
1.4 MHz 20 MHz RB 2 RB
] .[14 RB :

10% RB :

NRB = BWEff / BWRB ()3

NRB RB BWEff ( 10% ) BWRB

15 kHz RB 180 kHz . RB 12
]:[15

12 15 kHz = 180 kHz ()4

RB 20 MHz 10% 18 MHz

:

18 MHz / 180 kHz = 100 RBs ()5

:2 RB .

20 15 10 5 3 1.4 )(MHz

100 75 50 25 15 6 RB

RB .
20% RB .
80% 7 .
:

NU/SF = NRB-Eff PCell-Load / NRB/U ()6

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 IP LTE

NU/SF NRB-Eff RB 20% PCell-Load

NRB/U RB .

20 100 RB
20% RB
80% . 20% RB 80 RB .
:

80 0.80 RBs / 1.2 RBs per User =53 Users per Subframe ()7

AMR 20 20
:

NU = NSF NU/SF ()8

NU NSF NU/SF
.

20 Subframes 53 Users per Subframe = 1060 Users ()9

. HARQ .
() RB 20
VoIP . VoIP RB 20
VoIP ( 20 1060 / 2 = 530 ).
VoIP .
VoIP .
VoIP
20 500 .
eNodeB 500 VoIP ]. [16

8 VoIP
LTE .

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 IP LTE

:8 VoIP LTE .

9 10
.

:3 30% .100%

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 IP LTE

:41 30% .100%

.3
LTE LTE
IP
. LTE
LTE .
. VoIP
LTE . C#
.

.3:

][1 C. Casey, "Supporting Voice over LTE: Solutions, Architectures, and Protocols," IEEE, 2013.

] [2 " "VoLTE

.1393

][3 A. Helenius, "Performance of Handover in Long Term Evolution", Aalto University, 2011.

][4 " A. BRYDON, "Still waiting for Voice over LTE", WIRELESS BLOG, Available:
Http://www.unwiredinsight.com/2013/waiting-for-volte", 2013.

][5 M. Sauter, "Voice over LTE via Generic Access (VoLGA)", Whitepaper, 2009.

][6 I. Poole, "Voice over LTE - VoLTE Tutorial", Available: "http://www.radio-electronics.com",

Accessed: 2015 /04 /04.

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 LTE IP

[7] Y.-g. Maetan, "The Smart VoLTE Solution", Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd, 2013.

[8] QUALCOMM, "VoLTE with SRVCC: The second phase of voice evolution for mobile LTE devices",
QUALCOMM-White Paper, 2012.

[9] "Support of Voice in LTE", in Global Service Delivery Unit, Tehran, 2013.

" [ 11]

.1392 : "1396

[11] HUAWEI, "How Big is VoLTE Voice Call", HUAWEI Confidential, 2014.

[12] S. P. a. J. S. Erik Dahlman, 4G LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Broadband, ELSEVIER, 2011 .

[13] 3GPP, "LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) ;User Equipment (UE) radio
access capabilities", 3GPP TS 36.306 V10.2.0, 2011.

[14] 3GPP, "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network;
Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Base Station (BS) radio transmission
and reception,", 3GPP TS 36.104 V8.0.0, 2007.

[15] M. L. S. M. R. A. Preet Kanwar Rekhi , "Throughput Calculation for LTE TDD and FDD System",

White Paper, 2012.

[16] M. A. E.-s. M. R. S. Ayman El nashar, "DESIGN, DEPLOYMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF 4G-

LTE NETWORKS", John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014 .

1 High Speed Packet Access

2 Long Term Evolution
12.2 kbps 20 ms =244 bits : 244 3
4 Real-time Transport Protocol/User Datagram Protocol/Internet Protocol
104 bits per PRB 3 PRB = 312 bits : 312 5
6 Trellis Termination
7 Loading

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