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Abstract

In written or spoken language, we prefer to use some words or phrases or ignore some others. In
linguistic this is called euphemism. "A word or phrase used as a substitute for a vulgar, profane,
blahphemous or otherwise disturbing expression". (Dictionary of lexicography, 1998, p:53) The
paper investigates the use of euphemism in contemporary Urdu language. More examples are
given from Persian and English languages. Also the paper traces euphemism in old Urdu books
and dictionaries.





:
:

! !






: ) (euphemism :
) ( ):

) ( : :)

:
( :) : )
euphemism :eu(=well) phemism
(=speak) ( Henry Watson Fowler)
: (
) : :

( :)* :


:


double-speak
( ) :


( Eric Honeywood Patridge)
:
(
:) )(R.H.Holder
:
( )vii:
:
:

:
:
:
: : Barbers hair
consultant booking home science flight service director
chief steward on an aircraft ( ) :
: ()
:
:



( ) :
gaoler prison officers Commercial travelers Sales representatives
( )
: ()



:
() ()
: ! !

: reduction of staff outplacement, restructuring,
downsizing ( )
: ( )


:

:friendly fire
( ) ( )
( :) [
:
: :

( ) :

: :





( ):
:

( :):
: : :
:
:
:
:


:
:
:

honorarium convey plagiarize
:

recession
The R
word Masstricht federalism
( ) :
:
:

( ) :


: !
: : !
!


)(slang )(taboo

:
:


: ( )
!
:



:
) (euphemism
: casket : coffin

:


:










:

*







) (
:
euphemism
word
pass on; fall asleep
die
after life
death
departed
dead
professional car
hearse
slumber room
funeral business
:

:
piles figs in the secret passage
( :) :
:


:

[
:
] ( :
: :
)
:

:
:

:

:
:
:
euphemism
word
powder my nose
go to the toilet
relieve
urinate

( )

:
: :

: old age :
mature, mellow, riper years ( at a ripe old age), sunset years, the golden years,
twilight years.
:
: :
: :

: ( : ) :
( ) :
:
: :
:

:
: anti

) (cold war
( ): anti-personnel weapon killer
weapon under impropriety illegality
: under world under age above
superiority
: :
: :
: appropriately appropriate
appropriate technology electric shock treatment (
)
:
: :
:
: ( )
:

:

: ( :)
:
:
] [
: ( )


:

:
:
( )
( ) ( )

:
( :pudendum foemina ) :

:

:
:
( ) ( ) (
)

: ( : ):
:
:
: :
( ):
: (psychoneurotic )
:anaus
:
:
:
: ( !
) : ! [
] : ! (
) : !
jeeze gee jesus
nation
damnation
:)(acronym
: snafu
:situation normal, all fucked up
: )(truncation

: t.b tuberculosis big C
cancer
: )(asterisks

( '''' bl) :bloody( f**k):fuck (s--t :
)shit


:
:

:
: !
: !
:
: :

:
:! (
: ! ) Go to
!hell : you know where to go ( )
:

)(gesture :


:

:
:
:
:
:
x
( )
( ) :
:
:
:
:
:
:
( ) :
)(Sotho
( :) :

( Thomas Bowdler)
:
(
: ) : ) (Bowdlerism



( ) (
)


( )






underclothing trousers legs
inexpressibles ( unmentionables :unhittable
:) :



:

( : )
( : ) ( : )
:
:
( ):

:
:




:




:
: : :
: (:
[ ) ]
: :
:
([) :
]
: : : : :
! []
: ! ! ( ) [
]
! ! (
)[ []:
]
! :

! ! !( [ ): :
]
( ) [ : :
]
: : : : :
: ( [ ):
]
:
: ( [):
]
:
( [):

]
: ( [ ):
]
() : ( ) [ :
]
: ( ):
[ ]
:
: :
:


) : (

:

( ) :
: (
) :




) : (
: :


(
) :

:
:


( )
:
( )
:
( )
:
(
) :

) (dysphemism

:
:



















:
) (neutral
:



) (Allan,, K, Burridge, K : Euphemism and
(Dyphemism: Language used as Shield and Weapon) : :



to die

:




:


:

;"English: "to pass away"; "be no more"; "leave this world"; "go to a better world"; "go west
"pass over"; "expire"; "breath one's last"; "fall asleep"; "in the Lord"; "join the great majority".


( )
:
* Neaman, Judith - Carole, G.Silver, (1983), "Kind Words: A Thesaurus of Euphemism".
* "Rawsons's Dictionary of Euphemism and other doubletalk", (2003).
* Ayto, Jogn, (2000), " Bloomsbury Dictionary of Euphemism".
* Holder, R.H, (2008), "How to say what you mean: A Dictionary of Euphemism".
:


:

( ) : :
:

)( :


( ) : ()



Cold
War
:
:
:


: (
):
:

( ) : :fuck


: : :
(
) :

:


:
:
* ( )
* ()


* ()
: :) : * (

* ( )
*






*
*
*
* (

)


*
*
:
*





*
:

* Ahmad, Kalimuddin; 1997; "English - Urdu Dictionary"; second volume; National Council for
Promotion of Urdu
Language, New Delhi.
* Burchfield, R.W; 2004; "Flower's Modern English Usage"; Third revised edition; Oxford
University Press, London.
* Haqqi, Shanul Haq; 2003; "Oxford English - Urdu Dictionary"; Oxford University Press; First
edition; Karachi.
* Crystal, David 2001; "The Cambridge Encyclopedia of The English Language"; Cambridge
University Press, U.K.
* Fallon, S.W; 1879; "A New Hindustani - English Dictionary"; Medical Hall Press, Banaras +
London.
* Fallon, S.W; 1883; "A New English - Hindustani Dictionary"; Reprint; 1976; Urdu Science
Board, Lahore.
* Fowler, H.W; 1926; "A Dictionary of Modern English Usage"; First edition with an
introduction by: Simon Winchester,
Reissued in new covers; 2002; London.
* Hartmann, R.R.K - James, Gregory; 1998; "A Dictionary of Lexicography"; Routledge,
London & New York.
* Holder, R.W; 1995; "A Dictionary of Euphemisms"; Oxford University Press, London.
* Honeywood Partridge, Eric; 1942; "Usage and Abusage - A guide to good English"; Harper
Brothers, New York.
* International Encyclopedia Of Language & Linguistic; 2006; second edition; second & fourth
volume; Elsevier Ltd,
Canada.
* Longman Dictionary of Language and Culture; 1992; second edition; New York.

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