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Is 1893 4 2005 PDF
Is 1893 4 2005 PDF
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IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
Indian Standard
CRITERIA FOR EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT
DESIGN OF STRUCTURES
PART 4 INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES INCLUDING
STACK-LIKE STRUCTURES
ICS 91.120.25
BIS 2005
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELH1 110002
A llgllst 2005 Price Group 9
E(lrthquake Engineering Sectional Committee, CED 39
FC)REWORD
'fhis Indian Standard (Part 4) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, aftcr the draft finalized by the
Earthquake Engineering Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division CounciL
H imalayan-Naga Lushai region, Indo-Gangetic Plain, Western India, Kutch and Kathiawar regions arc geologically
unstable parts of the country \vhere some devastating earthquakes of the world have occurred. A major part of
the peninsular India has also been visited by strong earthquakes, but these \vere relatively few in number occurring
at rnllch larger time intervals at any site, and had considerably lesser intensity. The earthquake resistant design
ofstTucturCS, taking into accollnt seismic data from studies of these Indian earthquakes, has become very essential,
particularly in view of heavy construction programme at present allover the country". It is to serve this purpose
tlLlt IS 1893 : 1962 'Recommendations for earthquake resistant design of structures' was published and
subsequently revised in 1966, 1970, 1975 and 1984.
In view of the present state or knowledge and in order to update this standard, the committee has decided to
cover the provisions for different types of structures ill. separate parts. This standard has been split into five
parts. Other parts in this series are:
Part I General provisions and buildings
Part 2 Liquid retaining tanks-elevated and grollnd supported
Part 3 Bridges and retaining walls
Part 5 Dams and embankments
Part I contains provisions that are general in nature and applicable to all types of structures. Also, it contains
provisions that arc specific to buildings only. Unless stated otherwise, the provisions ill Part 2 to Part 5 shall be
rC;ld necessarily in conjullction with Part I.
This standard contains provisions on earthquake resislant design of industrial structures including stack-like
structures . .Industrial structures are covered in Section I al)cI Stack-like structures are covered in Section 2.
All sub-clclLlses under the main clause 0.0 of IS 1893 (Part I) are also applicable to this part except the 0.4.1.
In the preparation orthis standard considerable assistance has been provided by SHEL, lIT Roorkee, lIT Bombay,
11'1' J<.anpur, N'fPC, ElL, TCE, DCE, NPC and various other organizations.
For the plll'pose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result of a te~;t or analysis, shall be rounded off in ac"cordance with
IS:2 : 1960 'Rules 1'01' rounding oflnull1crical values (revised)'. The IlLllllber of significant places retained in the
rOlllldeci ofT vallie should be the same as that or the specified value in this standard.
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
Indian Standard
CRI1-'E:RIAFOREAR1'HQUAKE RESISTANT
DESIGN OF STRUCTURES
PART 4 INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES INCLUDING
STACK-LIKE STRUCTURES
u) Telephone exchanges; (Part 5): ) 987 Special loads and load combinations
(second revision)
v) Water and waste water treatment facilities; and
1343 : 1980 Code of practice for prestressed
w) Paper plants. concrete (second revision)
This standard shall also be considered applicable to 1888 : 1982 Method of load test on soils (second
the other industries not mentioned above. revision)
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
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IS 1893 (Part 4) :2005
Design horizontal seismic coefficient 6.1.1 The characteristics (intensity, duration, etc) of
seismic ground vibrations expected at any location
Coeffic ient depend ing upon the
depends upon the magnitude of earthquake, its depth
slenderness ratio of the structure
of focus, distance from the epicentre, characteristics
Coefficient of shear force depending on of the path through which the seismic waves travel,
slenderness ratio, k and the soil strata on which the structure stands. The
random earthquake ground motions, which cause the
d Thickness of pile cap or raft
structures to vibrate, can be resolved in any three
Dt\1ax Maximum lateral detlection mutually perpendicular directions. The predominant
direction of ground vibration is horizontal.
Dy ' Don Distribution factors for shear and
moment respectively at a distance X Earthquake generated vertical inertia forces are to be
from the top considered in design unless checked and proven to be
not significant. Vertical acceleration should be
E Modulus of elasticity of pile material
considered in structures with large spans, those in
Modulus of elasticity of material of the which stability is a criterion for design, or for overall
structu ra I shell stability analysis of structures. Reduction in gravity
g Acceleration due to gravity force due to vertical component of ground motions
can be particularly detrimental in cases of prestressed
G Shear modulus of soil = pV/ horizontal members and of cantilevered members.
Vs Shear wave velocity of the medium Hence, special attention should be paid to the effect
of vertical component of the ground motion on
h I-I eight of structure above the base prestressed or cantilevered beams, girders and slabs.
Height of centre of gravity of structure
6.1.2 The response of a structure to ground vibrations
above base
is a fu nction of the nature 0 r foundat ions, so ii,
Importance factor materials, form, size and mode of construction of
structures; and the duration and characteristics of
Moment of inertia of pile section
ground motion. This standard specifics design forces
11 Number of piles for structures standing on rocks or soils, which do not
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
b) Earthquake is not likely to occur simultaneously These shall be taken as per IS 875 (Part 1).
\\' i thIn (l x i III LI III W i 11 cl 0 r 111 a x i 1l1Ll m fI () 0 d 0 r
maximum sea \vaves. 7.2.2 Super Ill/jJosed Dead [,()ods (S[DL)
c) The value of clastic modulus or materials, Industrial structures contain scveriti equiplllcnt ~lnd
wilercvcr required. may be taken as for static associated auxiliaries and <lccessorics that ~lre
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
permanently mounted all the structures. These loads response due to earthquake force (EL) is the maximum
shall be taken as per equipment spccincatiolls. of the following cases:
0.3 EL!
7.2.4 I~(/r'hqllake Loads (EL) f LI. 1. 0.3 fl.).. -1: 0.3 EL '.
The earthquake load 011 the different members of a where x and y arc (wo orthogonal directions (lnd 1 is
structure shall be determined by carrying aLit analysis the vertical direction.
following the procedure described in to Llsing the
design spectra specified in 8. Earthquake loads in x 7.3.2.2 As an alternative to the procedure in 7.3.2.1,
and y (horizontal) d ircctiol1s are denoted by ELx and the response (EL) due to the combined effect of the
three components can be obtained on the square root
EI ... and earthquake loads in vertical direction are
del~oted by EL z of the Sllm of the squares (SRSS) basis, that is
When earthquake forces arc considered on a structure, NOTE - The combination procedures 0(' 7..1.2.1 and 7.3.2.2
the response quantities due to dead load (OL), imposed apply to the samc response quanlily (say. 1l1OI11elll in a colulllll
10;ld (ll.), super imposed dead loads (SIDL) and design about its major axis. or storey shear in a i'ralllL~) due lo dillnelll
earthquake load (EL) shall be combined as per 7.3.1 componenls ui'lhe ground motion. Tlte~e cOlllbinalinns arc In
be made at the; member i'orce/stress levels.
and 7.3.2. The factors defined in 7.3.1 and 7.3.2 are
applicable for Category 1 to 4 structures only under 7.3.3 For structures under Category I, wh icll are
DBE (sce 7.5). designed under MCE (see 7.5.1) and checked under
DBE, all load factors in combination with MeE shall
7.3.1 Load Faclol's for Plastic Design of Sleel
S'tructures be taken as unity.
In the plastic design of steel structures, the following 7.4 Increase in Permissible Stresses
load combinations shall be accollntedn)r: 7.4.] Increase in Permissiblc .')'Iresses il1 Ala1erials
a) 1.7 (DL -+- SIOL + IL),
When earthquake forces are considered along with
b) I. 7 CD!. -I- SI DO F.L, and other normal design forces, the permissible stresses in
c) 1.3 (DL -[- S'ID!. +- IL:l: EL). material, in the clastic method of design, may be
Nt)'lT -- Ilnposed load (II,) in load combination shall not increased by one-third. However, for steels having a
include crcclion 1():lds and crane payload. definite yield stress, the stress be limited to the yield
stress, for steels without a definite yield point, the stress
7.3.2 Purtitt! S({/ely Foclotsfor Limit Slate Design q/
\,vill be limited to 80 percent of the ultimate strength
Rt'injiHced COl7crete and Prestressed C Ol1crele
or 0.2 percent proof stress, whichever is smaller; and
,,,"rue/ures
that in pre-stressed concrete members, the tens iIe stress
In the limit state design of reinforced and prestressed in the extreme fibers of the concrete may be penn ilted
concrete structures, the following load combinations so as not to exceed two-thirds oftlle modulus orrupture
shall be accounted for: of concrete.
a) 1.5 (OL -+ 5'IDL + IL), 7.4.2 Il1crease il1 Allowable Pressures in ,\'oils
b) 1.2 (DL -+ SIDL + IL :1:: EL),
When earthquake forces are illcluded, the allowable
c) 1.5 (DL + SID!. :1: EL), and bearing pressure in soils shall be increased as per
d) 0.9 (DL + SIDL) 1.5 EL. Table I, depending upon type of foundation of the
NUlL .-.- Il1Ip(lscd \(lad (n) in load combination shall not structure and the type of soil.
includc cn.:clioll iliad and cram: payload.
In soil deposits consisting of submerged loose sands
7.3.2.1 When responses from the three earthquake and soils falling under classification SP with standard
components are to be considered, the response due to penetration N values less than 15 in scism ic zones Ill,
each component may be combined using the IV, V and less than 10 in seismic zone II. lhe vibration
assllmption that when the maximum response from caused by earthquake may cause liquefaction or
one component occurs, the responses from the other excessive total and differential settlcmcnts. Such sites
two components are 30 percent of the corresponding sh ou Id pre fera bly be avo ided w hi Ie loca tin g 11 ew
maximum. All possible combinations of the three set{ [C 111 en ts or i III porta n t proj eclS. Ot h erw i S('. t his
c()mponents (El." EL\, and EL) including variation~ asp.egt of the problem needs to be investigaled and
in sign (plus or minus) shall be considered. Thus, the npprc;priatc methods 0 r com paction nr st,lb iIi z~ll ion
5
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
adopted to achieve suitable N values as indicated NOTE - Structures in Category I shall be designed for seismic
in Note 3 under Table I. Alternatively, deep pile force twice that fOllnd lIsing the provisions of this clause.
foundation may be provided and taken to depths well where
into the layer. which is 110t likely to liquify. Marine Z zone factor, given in Annex A [Th is is in
=
clays and other sensitive clays are also known to accordance with Table 2 of IS 1893 (Part I)].
liquefy clue to collapse of soil structure and wi!! need
S/g = spectral acceleration co.efficient for rock and
special treatment according to site condition.
soil sites given in Annex B [This is in
7.5 Design Basis Earthquakc (DBE) accordance with Fig. 1 of IS 1893 (PaI1 1)].
Design basis earthquake (DBE) for a specific site is to I = importance factor given in Table 2 is relative
be determined based on either: (a) site specific importance assigned to the structure to take into
stud ies, or (b) in accordance with provisions of account consequences of its damage.
IS 1893 (Part I). R = response reduction factor to take into account
the margins of safety, redundancy and ductility
7.5. I Structures in Category I shall be designed for of the structure given in Table 3.
maximum considered earthquake (MCE) (which is
twice of DBE). Categorization of some individual structure and
components of typical industries are given in
7.5.2 Structures in Category 2, 3 and 4 shall be Table 5.
designed for DBE for the project site.
8.4 Vertical acceleration values are to be taken as
8 DESIGN SPECTRUM 2/3 of the corresponding horizontal acceleration
8.1 For all important projects, and all industries values.
dealing with highly hazardous chemicals, evaluation 9 MATHEMATICAL MODELLING
of site-specific spectra for earthquake with probability
of exccedence of 2 percent in 50 years (MCE) and 9. t Modelling Requirements
10 percent in 50 years (DBE) is recommended. All
The mathematical model of the physical structure shall
Category 1 industrial structures shall be analyzed using
include all elements of the lateral force-resisting
site-speciflc spectra. However, if site-specific studies
system. The model shall also include the stiffness
arc not carried out, the code specified spectra may be
and strength of clements. which are significant to the
L1sed with modifications as per 8.3.2. If time-history
distribution of forces. The model shall properly
analysis is to be carried out, spectra-compliant time-
represent the spatial distribution of the mass and
history shall be determined based on the site-specific
stiffness oCthe structures, as well as mass of equipment,
spectra.
cable trays and piping system along with associated
8.2 For all other structures not covered in 8. t, the accessories, 25 percent of the live load shall also
spectra and seismic zone as given in Annex A and be included 8S suitably distributed mass on the
Annex B is recommended [these are in accordance structure.
with IS 1893 (Part 1) ].
9.1.1 5"oil-5'(rllctllre Intcraction
8.3 Horizontal Seismic Force
The soil..,structure interaction refers to the effects of
The horizontal seismic coefficient Ah , shall be the supporting foundation medium on the motion of
obtained using the period 7: described as under. structure. The soil-structure intpraction may not be
considered in the seIsmIc ana1]ysis for structures
8.3.1 When lIsing site specific spectra, the seism ic supported on rock or rock-like material.
coeflicient shall be calculated from the expression:
9.2 Interaction Effects lJetween Structure and
Equipmcnt
Ah= (R./!) Interaction effects between structure and equipment
shall be considered as under:
Sn/ a) For Category 2, 3 and 4, simplified considera-
where / g = spectral acceleration coefficient
. tions as pCI' 9.2.1 may be used.
corresponding to site specific spectra.
b) For Category I, dctailed considerations as per
8.3.2 When llsing code specific spectra, the seismic 9.2.2 shall be adopted.
co-effiCient shall be calculated from the expression:
9.2.1 For the purpose of 9.2, the following notations
r~.. "I r cr "I
I' : 1')3/. I shall be used:
l 2 J L/ g
-----------
J /1,( = total mass of the structural system on which the
(R/J) . secondary system is supported,
6
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
~--------------------------~----------------------------~
Type I Rock or Hard Soils: Type II Mediul11 Soils: All Type III Soft Soils:
Well graded gravel and sand soils with N between 10 and All soils other that~.SP with
gravel mixtures with or 30, and poorly graded sands
N< 10
without clay binder, and or gravelly sands \-vith little or
clayey sands poorly graded no tines (SP) with N> 15
or sand clay mixtures (Gil,
CW, SB, SW and SC)
having N above 30, where
N is the standard penetration
value
v) Well foundations 50 25 25
NOTES
1 The allowable bearing pressure shall be determined in accordance with IS 6403 or IS 1888.
2 If any increase in bearing pressure has already been permitted lor forces other than seismic forces, the total increasc in allowable
bearing pressure when seismic i<:'H"ce is also included shall not cxceed the limits specified above.
3 Desirable minimul1l field values ofN arc as 1Dllows:
--r----------.
SI /1/0. Seismic Zone Depth Beloll' N Vallie Remarks
Ground Level
(m)
j ---~
- - . -r - - ' - -
betweell 5 III and 10 Ill,
---- linear interpolation is
i) II ::;5 15 recommcnded.
l ~10 20
Ifsoils orsmallcr N values arc l11et, compaction may be adopted 10 achieve these values or deep pile foundations going to stronger
strata should be used.
4 Thc piles should be designed for lateral loads neglecting lateral resistance of soil layers liable to liquify.
=' Following Indian Standards may also be referred:
a) IS 1498 Classification and identification of soils lDr general engineering purposcs.
b) IS 2131 Method of standard penetration test f(x soils.
c) IS 6403 Code of practice for determination of bearing capacity of shallow tDundations.
d) IS 1888 Method of load tests on soils.
6 Isolated RCC IDoting without tic beams or unreinlDfced strip tDulldation shall not he permitted in son soils with N <1 0.
7
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
NOTE--- Higher importance ractor may be assigned to difrcrcnl structurcs at the discretion of the project authorities.
MI{ total 1113SS of all the equipment that are rigidly be considered and the most restrictive combination
mOllnted at different locations in the structure, shall be used.
and
9.2.2.3 Coupled analysis of a primary structure and
/'v/l total mass or all the equipment that are flexible secondary system shall be performed when the effects
mounted at different locations in the structure. of interaction are significant based on 9.2.2.9 and
9.2.1.1 Wherever equipment are rigidly fastened to 9.2 2.11.
the !loor, the equipment mass (!vIR) shall be taken as 9.2.2.4 Coupling is not required, if the total mass of
IUlTlped mass at appropriate locations. No interaction the equipment or secondary system is I percent or
between the structures and equipment shall be less of the mass of the supporting primary structure.
considered. If a coupled analysis will not increase the response of
9.2.].2 the primary system over that of a decoupled analysis
by more than 10 percent then a coupled analysis is
If < 0.25 not requireci. However, the requirements of section
A/s/-' Mt{ 9.2.2.11 regarding the Inultiple supports should be
considered.
No interaction between the structures and equipment
shall be considered. In such case A1F should be 9.2.2.5 In applying sections 9.2.2.9 and 9.2.2.11, one
considered as lumped l11ass at appropriate locations. sub-system at a time may be considered, unless the
sub-systems are identical and located together, in
9.2.1.3 I I' A1" /(k/R -+ k/s) ~ 0.25, interaction between which case the sub-system masses shall be lumped
the flexibly mounted equipment and the structure shall together.
be considered by suitably modelling the flexible
equipment support system while considering the 9.2.2.6 When coupling is required, a detailed model
equipment (IS lumped mJSs. of the equipment or secondary system is not required,
provided that the simple 1lI0del adequately represents
9.2.2 Dccoupling criteria as given below shall be used
the major effects of interaction between the two parts.
for all Category 1 systems. When a simple model is used, the secondary system
9.2.2.1 For the purpose of this clause, the following sl1all be re-analyzed in appropriate detai I using the
notations shall be used. output motions frolll the first analysis as input at the
points of connectivity .
. air M . Ub
.. ----
,.~,------
o I
cc"
.
ith normalized Illode shalJC ' .0IT M0 j = 1, and
AI CO" f ([')2
I
U,) cco in f1ucncc vector, displacement vector of the 9.2.2.8 When carrying out simplified analysis (as
slrllctunll system when the base is displaced by per 9.3), equipment or secolldary system shall be
unity in the direction of earthquake motion. considered as per 9.2.2.4, 9.2.2.5 and 9.2.2.6.
9.2.2.2 All combinations of the dominant secondary 9.2.2.9 When detailed analysis is to be carried Ollt for
system modes and the dom inant primary modes must structures with equipment attached at a single point,
8
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
I) The values or response reduction j~lclors arc to be used for hllildings with lateral load resisting elements. and not just lor the
lateral load resisting clements built in isolation.
2) OivlRF are those designed and detailed as per [S 456 or [S XO(), llowe"cr. OivlRF shall not he used in situations explained
in IS IJ92(),
I) Buildings with shear walls also include buildings having walls an(! 1I,1Il11:S. but where:
a) frames arc not designed to carry lateral loads. or
b) 1I-<1Il1CS are designcd to carry lateral loads but do not rulfil the rcquiremcnts or dual systell1s.
7) Ductile shear walls arc those designed and detailed as per IS 13920.
X) Buildi!lgS wilh duill systcms consist of shear walls (or braced Ii'amcs) and moment resisting frall1es such that:
a) the two systems arc designed to resist the total design fim.:e in proportion to their lateral stiniless considering the
illtcraction of the dual system at al1l1oor levels. and
b) til(': moment resisting li'ames arc cksigncd to indepcmkntly resist at least 25 percent ortl1L: Jcsign seismic base shear.
NOTI: I'm sled buildings not covL:rcd in Table 3, value or!? shall be 2.
IS 1893 (Part 4): 2005
the coupling criteria SllOWli in Fig. I shall be used. . shall be made to specialized literature.
The Illass ratio ill Fig. I is the modal mass ratio
computed as per 9.2.2.10 and the frequency ratio is 9.3 Time Period Estimation
the ratio or ullcoupled modal frequencies of the The time period ofdiJTercnl industrial structures would
s(,COI1(I~lry and primary systems.
vary considerably depending on the type or soiL span
9.2.2.10 For a secondary system dom inant mode and and height of the structure, distribution of load in the
the primary system mode i, the modal mass ratio can structure and the type of structure (concrete, steel and
be estimated by: aluminium). It would be difficult to give one or two
generalized formulae to cover all such structures.
M
Accordingly, no simple guidelines can be given for
A,
estimation of time periods of industrial structures.
\vhcre 9.3.1 The time perioel shall be estimated ba~del on
fl,1pI .:: (lio",.... Y: Eigen value analysis of the structural mathematical
model developed in accordance with 9.1 and 9.2.
(lei :-". the Illode vector value from the primary
system's modal displacement at the location 9.3.2 For prelim inary desigll, the time period can be
where the secondary system is connected, established based on its static deflection under mass
from the ith normalised modal vector, (0), proportional loading in each of the three principal
0' ci 111,> 0 "i I; directions. This load is applied by applying a force
/I.'~,:" mas.s matrix of tire primary system; and equal to the weight of the structure or equipment at
each mode in X, Y or Z direction. Where the founding
M, total mass of the secondary syskm. soil is soft soil, the effect of the same shall be
9.2.2. J I Multisupport secondary system shall be considered in the estimates for static deflection.
reviewed for the possibility of interaction of structure
The time period T, would then be :
and equipment stiffness between the support points,
and for tile eCfect of equipment mass distribution
bet ween support points. When these eHects can
significantly inlluence the structure response, reference
DO
(UX) \ 0.010 O.llX) . i.lXX)
Flc;. I Dr:COUPI.ING CRITERIA H)R EQUIPMENT OR SLCONDAI<Y SYSITI\1 Willi SINGLE POIN',
ATTACIIMENT TO 11!F PIUMAR Y S YSTEt,,!
10
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
Where 8 is the maximum value of deflection at any 10.2.2.1 The design eccentricity, eoi to be used at floor
mode out of b" by bz and 'g' is acceleration due to' j shall be taken as:
gravity in the cOl-responding unit. (
l.5 e. + 0.05 bi
9.4 Damping
The damping factor to be used in determining spectral
e<Ii =
i or e
SI
~I
._ 0.05 b.I
acceleration coefficient (S/g) depends upon the whichever of these gives more severe effect.
material and type of construction of the structure and
e si = static eccentricity at floor i, defined as the
the strain level. The recol11mended damping factors
distance between centre of mass .and centre of
are given in Table 4.
rigidity; and
to ANALYSIS PROCEDURE
b; = floor plan dimension of floor i. perpendicular
10.1 Classification of Analysis Techniques to direction of force.
10.1.1 Detailed analysis shall be carried alit for The factor 1.5 represents dynamic amplification factor,
structures of Category 1, in all seismic zones. while the factor 0.05 represents the extent of accidental
eccentricity.
10.1.2 Detailed analysis shall be carried out for all
structures of Category 2 and 3 in seismic zones Ill, IV NOTE - For the purposes of this clause, ull steel or aluminiull1
1looring system may be considered as llexible unless properly
and V. designed tloor brneings havc becn rrovided. Reinforced
1n.l.3 Simplified analysis may be lIsed for structures concrete l100ring system at;) level shall be considered rigid
only if the total arc;) oralltl1e cul-outs altha! \c\'el is less than
of Category 2 and 3 in seismic zone [I. 25 percent of its plan floor area.
10.1.4 Simplified analysis may be used for structures
10.2.3 Seism ie analysis shall be performed for the
of Category 4 in all seismic zones. However, those
three orthogonal (two horizontal ane! aile vertical)
structures of Category 4, which could be identified as
components of earthquake motion. The earthquake
bu i Idings, ll1ay be analysed as per provisions of
motion in each direction shall be combined as specified
IS 1893 (Part 1).
in 7.3.
10.2 Detailed Analysis
10.2.4 Til77e-l-lisiol)' Analysis I'defiJoc/
10.2.1 Second({!y Effcc:t
Time-history analysis of structures subjected to
The analysis shall also include the influence of
s e i s 111 i c loa d s s h a \I b c per fo r me d II sin g I i 11 ear
P -- 6. effect. analysis technique. The analysis shall be based on
10.2.2 Torsion well-established procedures. Both direct solution of
the equations or motion or model superposition
The effect of accidental eccentricity shall be method can be Llsed for this purpose.
considered for rigid floors/diaphragms. This shall be
applied as an additional torsion force equal to product 10.2.4.1 In model superposition method, su fficiently
of the mass at floor level and 5 percent of the structure large number of modes shall be used for analysis to
dimcnsion perpendicular to the earthquake direction include the influence of at least 90 percent of the total
at the centre of mass of the floor. scism ic mass.
NOTE -- For combined structures, damping ratio coefficient shall be determined based on well establ ished procedures. ira composite
d~llllpillg ratio cocf'Jicient is not evaluated. it shall be taken as lhal corresponding to material having lower damping.
11
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
Af~
li.
1'-1
.'II
iV
I (h
f"k .J'
1
The peak response quantities (for example, member Structures of category 2, 3 and 4 located ill
forces, displacements, storey forces, and shears and seismic zones II and III may be analyzed using the
base rcuctions) should be combined as per complete provisions of this clause. For all other industrial
quadratic combination (CQC) method as follows: structures, the analysis procedure specified in 10.1 shall
be used.
12
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
;lvoided for structures in seismic zones III, IV and V. (t) (2) (3)
[n seismic zones IV and V, individual spread footings
I. Adminislration building
()r pile caps shall be interconnected with tics
(.)'(!e 5.3.4.1 of IS 4326) except when individual 2. Air waslh:r pump 11OUSl: 2
spread footings arc directly supported on rock. All
3. Air pre-hcallTs 2
tics shall be capable of carrying, in tension and in
compression. an axial force equal to A/4 titTles the 4. Ash colleclion silos 1
larger of the column or pile cap load. in addition to :". Ash dyke 2
the 0 the r w i sec 0 111 put c d 1'0 I' C C s. Her e. A his as
(l. Ash watel punlp hOlls\: 2
per 8.3.1 or 8.3.2.
7. Ash watel rl~-c;in.;ulali()n building 2
12.2 Call tilever Projections
8. Ash/slurry pUIllP hOllse
12.2.1 //eJ'lico/
0. Auto base
Towers. tanks. parapets, smoke stakes (chimneys) and 10. Bagging and pallctizing building
other vertical cantilever projections attached to
structures and projecting above the roof. shall be II. 11all111ill and silos 2
designed for rive times the design horizontal 11. Boikr and bnikr house 2.
a c c e I era t ion s p c c t r U 111 valli e s pc c ifi cd i\1 8.3. I
13. Ihidgcs l)Vl:r rivC)'s 2.
and 8.3.2.
14. C&'I nwinlenance stores
12.2.2 llo/'izonto/
I:". Canteen building
All horizont,ll projections like cornices and balconies
16. Callstic tanks
sh::111 Le dcsiglled for five times the design vertical
accelcration spectrum valuc specified in 8.4. 17. Chiller pl;lIll
12.2.3 The increased design forces specified 18. Chlorine storage handling/ dozing buildillgs
ill J 2.2.1 and 12.2.2 are only for designing the 19. Clarilloculalor 2
projecting pal1s and their connections with the main
20. Coal handling plmlt
structures. For the design of the main structure, such
increase need not be considered. 21 Coal slurry settling pond 2
SLack-like structures nre those in which the mass and 25. Construction \\orkshop
stillness is more or less uniformly distributed along 26. Control and inSlrLllllcllLllion building
the height. Cantilever structures like reinforced or
27. Control building :2
prl'stressed cement concrete electric poles; reinforced
concrete brick and steel chimneys (including ll1u!titllle lR. Clll1trol building (blast resistant)
eh illlncys), venti latioll stacks and refinery vessels are
29. Converters 2
e:\alllples of slich structures. The guyed structures
arc not covered here. 30. Conveyor galleries 2
13
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
14
IS IS93 (Part 4) : 2005
15
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
i) 14.4 1.02
ii) 15 29.6 I. F)
v) 25 47.2 1.30
NU'ITS
I For clastic basc represcntcd by raft on soft soil or pilc foundation, the damping may be worked out as wcighted damping based on
IllOdal strain energics in superstructurc and substructures. As an approximation the values may bc assul1leu as 7 perccnt of critical
damping for rcinforced concrete structures.
2 Fur riveted steel stacks/chimneys, etc, a 5 perccnt of critical damping may be adopted to account for the frictional losses.
3 The damping values obtained from experimental tests on similar structures can also bc used.
... 111 case oj'l11ulti-llue RC chimncys, 3 percent of critical value for DBE anu 5 pcrcent for MCE is recommendcu.
bending moment, lvi, for such structures at a distance WI = total weight of structure including weight
)( from the top, shall be calculated by the following of lining and contents above the base,
formulae: h = height of centre of gravity of structure
a) /l= Cv . A h W. DI' above base, and
I
16
IS 1893 (P~lrt 4) : 2005
NOTI:S
1 In casc ofilllport:tllt 1;lctur givcn in Table 2 alld Table 8 fOlllld ditTcn:lll. higher values shall be considcn:d.
2 The vall1l:s oi"illlportance 1~lct()r.1 given in this table are j()r gllidance. A designer lIlil)' ch()ose suitabk V,t!IH:S depending ol11hc
irnportallce hased 011 economy, strategy and other consideration,.
17.2 Dynamic Response (Spectrum Modal component 1110tion, sec 7.3.2.2 ofScctioll I 'Industrial
Analysis) Structures' .
Till' dynam ie analysis using respollse spectrulll method 17.2.1 ;Halliclllolic'o! Model
s h 0 II I d bee a r r ie d 0 U t 1'0 r i III port a 11 t s t a c k -I ike The matllem3ticallllodel of stack-I ike structures should
structures. The number of mode to be considered in be able to represent sufficiently the variation in its
the analysis should be such that about 90 percent of stiffness (variation in cross-section and Ih ickness of
tlh)dal lllass is excited. The modes could then be shell), lining mass and foundation modelling (that is
combined by Inodal combination of corresponding foundation stiffness, soil clefolTnations). 'fhe nUl1lber
re~;ponse I ike shear, moment, etc, as suggested in of clements should be such as to capture the variation
IS 1893 (Part I). The detailed dynamic analysis lIsing of stiffness and n18SS of the system. A rninimul11 of
lime history shall be required where analysis is based ten beam clements should in general be suff~cicllt. For
un s~te-speci lic response spectrum and compatible time axi-s),llllTlctric structures axi-symmetric linitc elements
history of ground motioll. For cornbination of three- shall be used.
17
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
~-~
Fi\ccl Soil Pile
~
Fixl'd Soil Pile
,
Foundation I'(lundal inn
(I) (2) 0) (.1) (:'I) (6) (7) (X)
---_._--------- -.-----.----.--------------------.--~-
(Clause] 7.1)
hut :':'; 1
'
:r ' II' (;r ~11 ' '\," 1112 (" ""'I ( X i'
ii) I{all (Ill suil 0.6
I--=---1 tlHI'-:.-1 1.1 --:-1
r~.hj .. O. 7) l-~;-II' + O.()) 1-----1
(bas~d ()Il N valll~s)
,--II j II '
\... ) _ j LhJ
18
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2()OS
(Clause 17.1)
I) Friction pile fi.)ulldation (under reamed piles not covered) ;:':10 .;.:, 11El,IO! 1.27:' -J Ill/F! 2
2) Translational stilllless of piles at the base ofpik cap 7~~" (U",! 17 Y'"
1
where
NO"ll':S
I For rectangular foundation cllcctivc radius /'" =
lilUllllatiull.
f::h may be taken. wllcre (I and b are the dimension of the rectang.ular
In case of chimneys, no stiffness is considered to be two layers of reinforcement arc required, thc
provided by the lining, however, the mass of lining circumferential reinforccment in each l~lCC shall nut
above any corbel is assumed to be IUlllped at the corbel be less than 0.1 percent of the concrete area at the
level. . section.
NOTF --_. MillilllUlll number ofcicmcnts should be adequate
\.() ensure tll,lt thc m(ldel represent lhe lI'cqucllcics up to 33 Hz. 18.3 The circumferential rcinfiJI"Celllent for a disrance
of 0.2 times diameter of the chimney (from top of the
18 SPECIAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR chimney) shall be twice the normal reinforcement.
RElNFORCED CONCRETE STACKS
18.4 Extra rein ro)'cement shall have to be provided
18.1 The total vertical reinforcement shall not be less
in addition to the reinforcement determined by design
than 25 percent of the concrete area. When two layers
at the sides, top, bottom and corners of these orenings.
or reinforcement are required, the outside vertical The extra reinl~)\"Cell1el1t shall be placed on both faces
reinforcement sh311not be less than 50 percent of the
of1he chimney shell as close to thc opening as rroj)cr
n:in forcel11ent.
spacing of bars wil! permit. Ulliess othenvise specified,
18.2 The (otal circLlmferential reinforcement shall not all extra reinforccment shall extend past the opening
be less than 0.20 percent of the concrete area. When a suff~cient distance [0 devclop the full bond strength.
19
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
18.5 At cach side of the opening, the additional vertical steel shall be placed as close to the open ing as
reinforcement shall have an area at least equal to the practicable, but vvithin a height not to exceed twice
L'Slabl ished design reinforcement for one-half of thc the thickness.
width of the opening.
18.7 Dcllcction Criterion
18.6 A I both the top and bottom or each opcn ing, The rnaxinllllll 1~ltcral deflection of the top or a st(lck-
additional reinforcement shall be placed having an area like structure undcr ,til service conditions, prior to the
~It /t.:ast equal to olle-half of the establishcd design applicatioll of load factors, shall not exceed the limits
circumfercntial reinforcement interrupted by the set forth by the following equation:
open ing.
Di\Ia, "CC 0.003 II
Ol1e half or this extra rcinforcement shall extend
where
completely arollnd the circumfercntial ofihe chimney,
,1IId the other half shall extend beyond the opening to D~h\. "'- maximum lateral deflection, and
a su fficicnt distance to dcvelop the bars in bond. The Ii height of structure above the b(lse.
ANNEX A
(Clauses 8.2 and 16)
ZONE FACTOn
SeislIl ie ll Zone II In IV v
I 0.10 0.16 0.24 0.36
20
IS 1893 (Part 4) : 2005
ANNEX B
(Clauses 8.2)
DESIGN SPECTRUM
3.0
/ Type I (Rock! or Hard Soil)
2.5 Type II (Medium Soil)
~co Type III (Soft Soil)
~
C 2.0
o
'fij
L-
CD
Q) 1.5
o
o
(ij
.b 1.0
o
~
en
0.5
---------=-==--------~~"::~~
FIG. 2 RrSI'ONSF S['I:CTR;\ FOR ROCK ;\ND SUIL SilLS rem 5 Pr:RCl-NT D;\i\1PIN(i
GMGIPN-47 BIS/ND/2008-500