POWER SYSTEMS- I

INSTRUCTIONS FOR EXPERIMENT NO. 1

1. Aim: Analysis of R-L and R-C circuit using MATLAB SIMULINK.

2. Theory:
a. Draw a circuit diagram of RL circuit (in theory itself) and write the derivations for
voltage across inductor and current through inductor.

RL Circuit:

Figure1. A series RL circuit

Let the initial current through the inductor L be zero. The expressions for the voltage across
inductor and current through inductor can be derived by using Laplace transform as below.

Applying KVL to the RL circuit

di
V Ri L
dt
Applying Laplace transform to the above equation
V
RI ( S ) L( SI ( S ) I (0))
S
Let the initial current is zero, then

V
( R SL) I ( S )
S
V
I (S )
S ( R SL)

V /L
I (S )
S ( S R / L)
 V 1 1
I (S ) -
R S S+R/L
Applying inverse Laplace transform to the above equation, then the current through the inductor is
V -Rt
i(t)= 1-e L
R
Voltage across the resistor is
VR (t)=i(t)R
-Rt
=V 1-e L

Voltage across the inductor is
VL (t ) V VR (t )
-Rt
Ve L

b. Draw a circuit diagram of RC circuit (in theory itself) and write the derivations for
voltage across capacitor and capacitor current.

RC Circuit:

Figure b Series RC Circuit

Let the initial voltage across the capacitor be zero. The expressions for the
voltage across the capacitor and current through the capacitor can be derived by using
Laplace transform as below.

Applying KVL to the circuit

1
C
V Ri idt

Applying Laplace transform to the above equation

V 1 I (S )
RI ( S ) VC (0)
S C S

V 1
R I (S )
S SC

V
I (S )
1
SR
SC

V /R
I (S )
1
S
RC

Applying inverse Laplace transform to the above equation, then the current through the
capacitor is
-t
V RC
i(t)= e
R

The voltage across the resistor is given by

VR (t)=i(t)R
-t
=Ve RC

The voltage across the capacitor is given by

VC (t ) V VR (t )
-t

V 1 e RC

3. Procedure:
1) Using Simulink Library Browser select Simpower systems toolbox

2) Select Powergui block and place in the model file

3) Select DC voltage source using Electrical Sources

4) Select R & L and then R & C from elements library and place in the file

5) Select voltage, current measurements, multiplexer, scope, circuit breaker and place in
the file
 6) Complete the circuit and simulate

4. Attach the following printouts on separate page each-

a. Simulated RL circuit

b. Simulated RC circuit

c. Graphs for inductor voltage and current

d. Graphs for capacitor voltage and current

5. Calculations: With the same values of R, L, C as used in the simulation, calculate the
values of current through and voltage across inductor and capacitor respectively. Show
that the calculated results match with simulated results.

6. Conclusion: Write appropriate conclusion based on the response of RL and RC

circuits.