SO SNH KT QU TNH TON KT CU B TNG CT THP THEO

TIU CHUN NC NGOI V TIU CHUN VIT NAM THNG QUA MT

S TRNG HP IN HNH.
COMPARE THE RESULTS CALCULATION OF REINFORCED
CONCRETE STRUCTURES UNDER STANDARDS FOREIGN AND VIETNAM
THROUGH SOME TYPICAL CASES.
TS. PHM TON C
Khoa Xy dng, Trng HHP
Tm tt
Trong xu th hi nhp ton cu, vic nghin cu v p dng nhiu loi tiu chun trong vic
thit k kt cu b tng ct thp l tt yu. Cn c cc quy nh ti iu 3, iu 4 v iu 6
ca Quy ch p dng tiu chun xy dng nc ngoi trong hot ng xy dng Vit
Nam do B Xy dng ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 09/2005/Q-BXD ngy 07/4/2005;
B xy dng chp thun p dng cc tiu chun nc ngoi nh (tiu chun Chu u
Eurocode 2-2004, tiu chun M ACI 318-2002) do ch u t p dng cho d n. Bi bo
a ra cch gii 1 bi ton thit k kt cu b tng ct thp s dng cc tiu chun khc
nhau. T c nhng nh gi, so snh khi p dng cc h tiu chun khc nhau trong vic
thit k kt cu b tng ct thp.
Abstract
In the trend of global integration, applied research and a variety of standards in the design of
reinforced concrete structures is inevitable. Pursuant to the provisions in Article 3, Article 4
and Article 6 of the "Regulations apply to foreign construction standards in construction
activities in Vietnam" by Ministry of Construction issued together with Decision No. 09/2005 /
QD-BXD dated 07/4/2005. Ministry of construction approved the application of foreign
standards such as (Eurocode 2-2004 European standard, American standard ACI 318-2002)
by the investor for the project application. This paper proposes a way to address a problem
of structural design of reinforced concrete using different standards. From that assessment,
when applied to compare the different systems standards in the design of reinforced
concrete structures.

1. t vn
Nm 1995, ln u tin trn th gii, Lin X a ra l thuyt tnh kt cu b tng ct
thp theo trng thi gii hn. l trng thi m kt cu khng cn p ng c nhng yu cu
ngi ta ra cho n (b hng, b ph hoi do mi, b mt n nh hoc b vng, b nt qu
mc, ) v tip theo, ln lt cc quc gia khc cng tnh kt cu b tng ct thp theo trng thi
gii hn. Cc nc khc nhau s thit lp tiu chun tnh ton kt cu b tng khc nhau da trn
nn tng c th l tiu chun ca nc khc hoc khu vc. Hin nay ti Vit Nam ph bin mt s
tiu chun thit k kt cu b tng ct thp nh: Tiu chun NBN 15 ca Vng quc B ly
nguyn l tnh ton kt cu b tng ct thp ca y ban B tng Chu u (Comitt Europen du
Bton CEB) lm c s; Tiu chun Chu u Eurocode 2-2004;Tiu chun Anh Quc BS 8110-
1997; Tiu chun ACI 318-2002 ca Vin B Tng Hoa K;Tiu chun TCXDVN 356:2005 Kt
cu b tng v b tng ct thp Tiu chun thit k da trn tiu chun thit k kt cu b tng
ct thp mi nht ang hin hnh ca Nga ( 2.03.01-84*).
Trong xu th hi nhp ton cu, vic nghin cu v p dng nhiu loi tiu chun trong vic
thit k kt cu b tng ct thp l tt yu. Cn c cc quy nh ti iu 3, iu 4 v iu 6 ca
Quy ch p dng tiu chun xy dng nc ngoi trong hot ng xy dng Vit Nam do B
Xy dng ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 09/2005/Q-BXD ngy 07/4/2005; B xy dng chp
thun p dng cc tiu chun nc ngoi nh (tiu chun Chu u Eurocode 2-2004, tiu chun
M ACI 318-2002) do ch u t p dng cho d n. Trong phm vi bi bo, tc gi a ra mt
s v d in hnh v cch gii cc v d theo tiu chun TCXDVN 356:2005 Kt cu b tng
v b tng ct thp Tiu chun thit k v Tiu chun NBN 15 ca Vng quc B, t c
nhng nh gi, so snh khi p dng cc h tiu chun khc nhau trong vic thit k kt cu b
tng ct thp

Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 31 8/2012 80

 2. Mt s v d in hnh
2.1. v d 1
a. S liu theo tiu chun NBN 15 ca B. Cho dm b tng ct thp c cc thng s sau: b
2
rng dm b=40 cm, chiu cao dm h=90 cm, din tch thp chu lc A=32,17 cm , thp nhm A52.
2
B tng cp cng br=400 kG/cm .
Yu cu tnh m men un cho php.
T cp cng ca b tng v mc thp, tra bng c n =97 kG/cm2, b=132 kG/cm2,
2
a=2100 kG/cm
Mmen gii hn xc nh theo cng thc:
2 2
Ml=0,5bh n= 0,5.40.90 .97=157,2 t.m
Din tch ca vng b tng chu nn xc nh theo cng thc sau:
A. a 32,17.2100
B' 511cm 2
'b 132
Chiu cao vng nn c xc nh:
B ' 511
y 12,8cm
b 40
Cnh tay n ca ngu lc
z h 0,5 y 90 6,4 83,6cm
T y xc nh c m men un cho php:
M la B'.z. 'b 511.83,6.132 5638987kG.cm 56,4t.m
b. Bi ton tng t tnh theo tiu chun Vit Nam. Cho dm b tng ct thp c cc thng
s sau: b rng dm b=40 cm, chiu cao dm h=90 cm, din tch thp chu lc As=32,17 cm2, thp
nhm CI. B tng cp bn B30
Yu cu tnh m men un cho php.
2 2
Vi thp nhm CI v b tng cp bn B30 ta c Rs=2250kG/cm , Rb=170 kG/cm .
Rs As 2250.32,17
V 0,118 R 0,63
Rbbh0 170.40.90
Tra bng c m=0,113 t y xc nh c m men un cho php:
M gh m Rbbh02 0,113.170.40.902 6224040kG.cm 62,2t.m

2.2. V d 2
a. S liu theo tiu chun NBN 15 B. Cho dm b tng ct thp c cc thng s sau: b
2
rng dm b=40 cm, chiu cao dm h=90 cm, h=84cm, b tng cp cng br=200 kG/cm ,
M=81t.m, thp chu nn nhm A37, thp chu ko nhm Tor40.
Yu cu tnh din tch thp chu nn A v chu ko A.
2
T cp cng ca b tng v mc thp, tra bng ta c n =44 kG/cm
Mmen gii hn xc nh theo cng thc:
Ml=0,5bh2 n= 0,5.40.902.44=71,4 t.m
V z/h=0,75 a=2200 kG/cm2.
2
ac=1400 kG/cm .
M M l 81 71,4
T A' 8,15cm2
h'. 'ac 0,84.1,4
M ' 71,4 1,4
A l A' ac 8,15 53,4cm2
z. a a 0,75.0,9.22 2,2
b. Bi ton tng t tnh theo tiu chun Vit Nam. Cho dm b tng ct thp c cc thng
s sau: b rng dm b=40 cm, chiu cao lm vic dm h0=90 cm, a=6cm, h0-a=84cm. B tng
cp bn B15, thp As dng thp CI, thp As dng thp CIII, m men un M=81 t.m.
Yu cu tnh ct thp chu ko v nn As , As.
Trc ht ta cn kim tra s cn thit phi t ct kp:
M 8100000
m 0,29 R 0,440
Rbbh0 85.40.902
2

Khng cn thit t ct kp.

Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 31 8/2012 81

 T m=0,29 tra bng c =0,825, t y tnh c
M 8100000
As 30cm2
Rs h0 0,825.3650.90
3. Mt s nhn xt rt ra t nhng v d trn
Trn y l 2 v d ca bi ton thit k b tng ct thp thng thng nhng c gii
theo tiu chun ca B (Chu u) v ca Vit Nam, thng qua 2 v d trn ta c th a ra mt s
nhng nhn xt nh sau:
- Cc k hiu trong tnh ton gia 2 tiu chun khc nhau hon ton tr k hiu v kch
thc hnh hc cu kin v ni lc.
- Phng php lun v cng thc khi gii cc bi ton theo 2 tiu chun ny cng khc
nhau. Tiu chun B NBN 15 da trn nguyn l tnh ton kt cu b tng ct thp ca y ban B
tng Chu u, cn tiu chun TCXDVN 356:2005 da da trn tiu chun thit k kt cu b tng
ct thp mi nht ang hin hnh ca Nga ( 2.03.01-84*). Chnh v vy kt qu tnh ton cng
c s khc bit.
- Kt qu tnh ton gia 2 tiu chun trn c c s khc bit phn na do gi thit v vt
liu ca bi tp tng t theo TCVN khng hon ton trng vi bi tp xut pht theo tiu chun
B. Theo TCVN xc nh cng b tng qua vic nn mu chun lp phng c kch thc 15
cm, cn tiu chun B da trn mu lp phng c kch thc 20 cm; cc loi ct thp CI, CII, CIII
ca Vit Nam c gii hn chy xp loi ng hng vi ct thp A37, A52 v Tor 40 ca B nhng
sai lch tng i nhiu.
- v d 2, tnh theo tiu chun B vn phi t c ct thp chu ko v chu nn nhng theo
tiu chun Vit Nam th ch cn t ct thp chu ko m khng cn t ct thp chu nn. Do theo
tiu chun B vi b tng cp cng br=200 kG/cm2 th cng chu nn cho php c ly
l n=44 kG/cm2 (h s an ton c a vo l ln hn nhiu so vi tiu chun Vit Nam).
4. Kt lun
Cc kt qu tnh theo cc tiu chun khc nhau ng nhin c cc gi tr khng ging
nhau. V vy c th so snh, phn tch tm hiu su thm cc quan im, cc phng php
thc hnh thit k, nhm b sung v hon thin cch gii quyt mt bi ton c th v xa hn na
l b sung v hon thit cch gii quyt cc vn v tnh ton kt cu b tng ct thp theo trng
thi gii hn.
Vic ng thi p dng tiu chun nc ngoi vo vic thit k kt cu b tng ct thp l
tt yu, gip cc k s xy dng c th tm hiu, tip cn cc nguyn l, gi thit c bn ca cc
h thng tiu chun khc nhau trn th gii trong xu th ha nhp ton cu hin nay.
TI LIU THAM KHO
[1] Tiu chun TCXDVN 356:2005 "Kt cu btng v btng ct thp - Tiu chun thit k"
[2] TS. Bi Quang Trng, Nguyn Thanh Bnh, Bi Trung Dng. Tnh kt cu b tng ct thp
theo nguyn l ca y ban b tng Chu u. Nh xut bn Xy dng, 2008
[3] Phan Quang Minh, Ng Th Phong, Nguyn nh Cng. Kt cu b tng ct thp, phn cu
kin c bn. Nh xut bn Khoa hc K thut, H ni, 2008.

Ngi phn bin: ThS. L Th Hng Giang

CNG NI A
Inland clearance depot
TS. NGUYN VN SN
Khoa Kinh t VTB, Trng HHH
Tm tt
Trong h thng vn ti, cng ni a c mt ngha rt quan trng. Vi chc nng ban
u l nhm trnh n tc cng bin, nhng trong qu trnh pht trin n cng khng nh
v tr nh mt trung tm to gi tr gia tng trong chui cung ng. Bi bo ny cp mt
s ni dung c bn nht v cng ni a, m ch yu cho hng container.
Abstract
Inland clearance depot (ICD) plays a very importance role in transport system. To avoid
congestion of seaports is the primary role of ICD. Up to now ICD to be a center which

Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 31 8/2012 82