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Range of Motion ROM 2
Range of Motion ROM 2
Range of Motion ROM 2
lifting objects above the head - front shoulder (anterior deltoid) shortens
lifting object up from lying position - chest muscle shortens
lifting body up from squat position - quadriceps muscle shortens as legs extend
doing a sit up
throwing a ball
swinging a bat
4.2) Isometric exercise Static; produce a mild increase in blood flow to other parts of
the body. An Isometric contraction occurs when there is tension on a muscle but no
movement is made causing the length of the muscle to remain the same. This type of
contraction is also referred to as a static contraction. Some bodybuilders make up their
own exercises using Isometric contraction in order to develop strength, an example is
when someone attempts to curl one arm upwards but is held by using equal resistance
from the other arm.
4.3) Isokinetic exercise Resistive; involves tension against joint movement. Similar to
the Isotonic contraction, the Isokinetic contraction causes the muscle to shorten as it gains
tension. The difference is Isokinetic requires a constant speed over the entire range of
motion, therefore this type of contraction require special equipment to exercise properly.
An example is an arm stroke when swimming, the even resistance from the water offers a
constant speed at maximal contractions.
One good beginning exercise is to use a stationary bicycle that can be set to only
allow a certain number of revolutions per minute. This helps to set the level of
resistance and thus prevent the individual from doing too much too fast. As the
leg muscles develop and can accommodate more resistance, the setting can be
altered to meet the needs of the individual.
Passive - These exercises are carried out by the nurse without assistance from the
patient or by mechanical equipment. Passive exercises will not preserve muscle
mass or bone mineralization because there is no voluntary contraction,
lengthening of muscle, or tension on bones.
- ROM secure bones together and they allow skeletons to be mobile. Muscles are
involved in rest and exercise.
B.) Physiology
- When moving a segment through its ROM, all structure in the region are
affected: muscles, joint surface capsules, ligaments, fascia, vessels and nerves.
C.) Physics
- Segments of a particular body part can be moved and stopped with an aid of
external force.
D.) Psychology
E.) Chemistry
Support the client's neck and bring the chin toward the chest and then as far back
in the opposite position as possible.
- Flexes and hyperextends the neck.
Place the arm at the client's side and bend the forearm toward the shoulder, and
then strengthen it again.
- Flexes and extends the elbow
c.) Flexion and Extension of the wrist
Bend the wrist forward and then backward - moves the wrist from flexion to
extension and then hyperextension
Twist the wrist to the right and then left - rotates the wrist joint
Bend the thumb side of the hand way from the wrist and then in the opposite
direction.
- Provides Adduction and then Abduction of the wrist.
Move the straightened leg away from the body and back beyond the midline.
- Abducts and then Adducts the hip.
Turn the leg away from the other leg and then toward it.
- Rotates the hip externally and then internally