BO CO TIU LUN

CNG NGH HA HC V C
 CH : CNG NGH SN XUT
HYDROPEROXIT
V CC HP CHT PEROXO

2
 Ni Dung

1 Tng quan v hydroperoxit v cc

hp cht peroxo

2 Cng ngh sn xut hydroperoxit

3 Cng ngh sn xut cc hp cht peroxo

4 Tho lun v kin ngh

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M u

Lch s ra i
c tm thy vo nm 1818 bi Louis
Jacques Thernard khi iu ch BaO2.

Tin trnh pht trin

Nm 1894, Richard Wolffenstein chit xut
c 100% H2O2 bng chng ct chn khng.

Tm ra CTCT
Cui th k 19, CTCT chnh xc ca H2O2 m i
c tm ra (HOOH hoc H2O2).

Sn xut, ng dng
3,8 triu tn/nm. (quy v H2O2 100%).
Sn xut natri perborat v natri percarbonat.
4
Cht ty trng, st trng, dit khun.
 I. HYDROPEROXIT
1.1. Gii thiu
Trng thi, tnh cht
- Ty trng bt giy. 1 Lng, nht, trong sut,
va c tnh OXH va
- Sn xut cc cht
c tnh kh.
ty ra v cc hp
cht peroxit khc.

- Cht khi u trong

phn ng polymer ha.
Mieu ta noi
ng dng 4 dung 2 Cng ngh sn xut

- St trng vt thng. Oxy ha isopropanol.

in ha axit sulfuric
- Tit trng, lm sch. hoc amoni sulfat.
- To oxy cho cy thy sinh. Qu trnh anthraquinone
- Nhin liu cho ng c
tn la.
Lu tr, vn chuyn 3
t0 mt v trnh chiu nng trc tip, trong chai l, xa tm tay tr em. 5
 I. HYDROPEROXIT

1.2. Tnh hnh sn xut v nhu cu tiu th

hydroperoxit trn th gii

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 I. HYDROPEROXIT
1.3. Cng ngh sn xut

Phng php oxy ha

anthraquinone
Hn 99% H2O2 trn th 1 1
gii c sn xut theo
phng php ny. 3 quy trnh sn
xut chnh trong
Cc ihp
3nqgunygtrhn in ha axit

3 3 2 sulfuric hoc
Oxy ha isopropanol amoni sulfat
Lng axeton sinh ra gp i Chi ph sn xut kh cao, do
lng hydroperoxit, nn phi sn
xut v s dng ti ch. tiu tn nhiu nng lng in.

13/03/2017 7
 I. HYDROPEROXIT
1.3. Cng ngh sn xut
Phng php oxy ha anthraquinone
- S dng cng ngh hydro ha xc tc tng c nh.f
t-hNehsunbgcconnte
gnts
on chnh:

a) Hydro ha b) Oxy ha c) Chit tch d) Tinh ch v

anthraquinone anthraquinol dung dch H2O2 c c H2O2
to thnh

8
 I. HYDROPEROXIT
1.3. Cng ngh sn xut
Phng php oxy ha anthraquinone
S phn ng

9
 I. HYDROPEROXIT
1.3. Cng ngh sn xut
Phng php oxy ha anthraquinone
a) Hydro ha anthraquinone
- Hn hp gm: anthraquinol (thng s dng 2-ethyl anthraquinone), cc
cht thm nng v triizo octyl phosphate lm dung mi.
- Xc tc Ni hoc Pd trn nn cht mang rn.
- Kh H2 t0 320K c phun vo thp hydro ha theo nguyn l ngc dng.

b) Oxy ha anthraquinol to thnh

- Dung dch 2-ethylanthraquinol c oxy ha bi oxy khng kh,
ng thi ti cu trc anthraquinone v to ra dung dch H2O2 long.

- Hn hp dung dch ra thp oxy ha c a sang cng on

chit sut v tinh lc sn phm H2O2.

10
 I. HYDROPEROXIT
1.3. Cng ngh sn xut
Phng php oxy ha anthraquinone
c) Chit tch dung dch H2O2
- Dung dch H2O2 long c chit sut bng nc kh khong trong thp
chit kiu a l, thu c sn phm H2O2 c nng 27,5%.

- Phn dung dch thi c x l bng dung dch kim c tch nc,
ri c a tr li cng on hydro ho. Dung dch kim c tch cc tp
cht, sau c c ti s dng.

d) Tinh ch v c c H2O2
- Dung dch H2O2 long t thng cha qua bm; lc; gia nhit ri vo
thit b bc hi kiu thp m.
- Qu trnh c c c thc hin iu kin chn khng.
- Sn phm sau khi c c c th t c nng 35%; 50%; 70%.
11
 I. HYDROPEROXIT
1.3. Cng ngh sn xut
Phng php oxy ha anthraquinone
e) Lu tr, vn chuyn

- H2O2 tinh khit vn d rt bn. Tuy

nhin, nu nhim mt cht tp cht (ch
yu l cc kim loi nng) n c th b
phn hy. Do cn thm cht n nh
vo sn phm in hnh nh natri
stannat ( Na2Sn(OH)6).

- Lu tr trong cc silo trong iu

kin t0 mt, trnh chiu nng trc tip v
vn chuyn bng cc thng cha ln lt
poly etylen. 12
 I. HYDROPEROXIT
1.3. Cng ngh sn xut
Phng php oxy ha anthraquinone

A view of the Man Ta Phut petrochemical complex

on the Gulf of Thailand.
It is capable of producing over 330 000 tonnes of hydrogen
peroxide a year, the largest such plant in the world.
13
http://www.essentialchemicalindustry.org/chemicals/hydrogen-peroxide.html
 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO
2.1. Gii thiu
- c pht hin bi Gay Luysac v Thenard vo u th k 19.
- Cc hp cht peroxo gm t nht 1 cp oxy nguyn t lin kt vi nhau bng
lin kt cng ha tr, lin kt n, mi nguyn t oxy c s oxy ha -1.

lin kt ion Peroxohydrat

PHN LOI
lin kt cng ha tr CC HP CHT Hyperoxit
PEROXO
lin kt
Ozonit v c
cho nhn
14
 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO

2.3. Cc hp cht peroxo quan trng Canxi peroxit

trong cng nghip
CaO2
Mui
peroxodisulfat
(NH4)2S2O8
Natri carbonate -Tng tc ng
peroxohydrate
cng trong lu ha
Natri 2Na2CO3.3H2O2
- Gm mui ca cao su.
peroxoborat
natri,kali, amoni. - Ty trng vng v
NaBO3 . 4 H2O
- Cht khi u bc khi khai thc.
- Cht ty trng
trong tng hp poly - Tc nhn oxy ha
qun o.
- Cht ty trng acrylonitrin v cc trong sn xut hp
- Sn xut cc
bt giy. polymer khc. kim nhm titan.
cht ty ra.
- Ty trng, ty mu - Cht lm trng
15
hay lm sch g. rng, kh trng.
 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO
2.3.1. Natri peroxoborat

Natri peroxohydrat tn ti di cc dng hexahydrat,

tetrahydrat, trihydrat, tinh th ngm nc t do v hp cht khan.

S dng ph Sn xut natri Bo qun trong

bin nht trong perborat iu kin lnh
cng nghip l tetrahydrat v kh.
natri perborat bng phng
tetrahydrat v Lu tr trong
php oxy ha cc silo v vn
natri perborat khong borat
monohydrat, chuyn bng
bng H2O2 . cc thng cha
dng ty
trng bt giy . ln lt poly
etylen.

13/03/2017 16
 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO
2.3.1. Natri peroxoborat
* Quy trnh sn xut

H2O2 NaBO3 . 4 H2O

Dung dch
NaOH Ha tan khong NaB(OH)4 Kt tinh v Mui t
Sy kh
Qung v c, tch bn tch mui
borat

Ti tun NaBO3 . 4 H2O

hon
dung dch Dehydrat
thi ha

B cha dung dch

thi NaBO3 . H2O

Bn thi

Hnh 2.4. S khi cng ngh sn xut natri peroxoborat

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 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO
2.3.1. Natri peroxoborat
* Quy trnh sn xut

Bc 1: Na2B4O7 phn ng vi NaOH thu c dung dch c natri

tetrahydroxoborat:
Na2B4O7 + 2NaOH + 7H2O 4 NaB(OH)4

Bc 2: Dung dch long natri tetrahydroxoborat c x l vi H2O2

ri lm lnh xung di 300C, natri perborat tetrahydrat s kt ta:

2 NaB(OH)4 + 2 H2O2 + 2 H2O Na2[BO2(OH)2]2.6 H2O.

Bc 3: Qu trnh kt tinh c thc hin trong h h, lm lnh v khuy

u. Natri perborat tetrahydrat m c lin tc c ly ra trong thit b li tm
t ng.

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 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO
2.3.1. Natri peroxoborat
* Quy trnh sn xut
Bc 4: Sy kh trong l quay vi khng kh nhit 1000C. Trong qu trnh
sy ch khng nhit ca mui vt qu 600C trnh b nng chy.

Bc 5: Lm lnh 250C bng dng khng kh lnh. Sn phm c tch ra

khi dng kh thi bng my lc hi t. Phn dung dch thi c ti tr li
chu trnh sn xut.
Natri perborat c n nh ha bng cch thm vo dung dch MgSO4
hoc mui silicat ca kim loi kim, kim th trc v sau giai on kt tinh.

Natri perborat monohydrat c sn xut bng cch dehydrat ha natri

perborat tetrahydrat, nhit duy tr khong 1800C 2100C.

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 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO
2.3.2. Natri carbonate peroxohydrate

* Gii thiu

c tnh Phng php sn xut

Phng php kt tinh

Phng php phun

hn hp

Phng php kh

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 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO
2.3.2. Natri carbonate peroxohydrate

* Quy trnh sn xut bng phng php kt tinh

Bc 1: Dung dch natri percarbonat m c sau lc c trn vi H2O2,

cht n nh ha mui magie hoc silicat ca kim loi kim c thm vo
dung dch trc khi vo i thit b kt tinh 10 200C.

Bc 2: kt tinh 10 200C. thm mt s mui nh NaCl, poly phosphat

hay polyacrylat tng tc kt tinh.

Bc 4: Li tm loi bt nc, Dung dch sau ly tm c c c v b

sung thm Na2CO3, lc b tp cht ri a tr li qu trnh kt tinh.

Bc 5: Sy bng dng kh nng nhit 75 1300C.

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 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO
2.3.1. Natri peroxoborat
* Quy trnh sn xut

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 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO
2.3.3. Mui peroxodisulfat
H2O H2SO4 (NH4)SCN
H2 O2

NH4+
Mng ngn

b a
Quy trnh in phn c

Lowenstein Riedel: d

(NH4)2S2O8 f e
NaOH NH3
h g
a) Anot; b) Catot; c) dng qu th;
Na2S2O8 NH3
d) TB kt tinh chn khng; e) My ly tm;
f) My sy; g) trung ha dung dch gc; Hnh 2.6. S cng ngh sn xut natri
h) TBPU v gii phng NH3 peroxodisulfat v amoni peroxodisulfat. 23
 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO
2.3.3. Mui peroxodisulfat

Bng 2.2. Thnh phn

v ch in phn sn xut
mui amoni peroxodisulfat.
24
 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO

2.3.3. Mui peroxodisulfat

Bc 1: Trong qu trnh in phn, ion amoni v nc ca qu trnh hydrat ha

lm giu catot bng cch di chuyn qua mng ngn. Kt qu catot qu bo ha
c trn vi anot thay th s tiu th sulfat.
(NH4)2SO4 + H2SO4 (NH4)2S2O8 + H2

Bc 2: Sau qu trnh kt tinh v tch (NH4)2S2O8, dung dch cn d c

trung ha vi amoniac, thm (NH2)2SO4 v H2SO4 ri a tr li cc in cc.

u im: khng cn cc thit b c bit x l amoniac.

Hn ch: vic thit k h thng in ha ca natri v kali peroxodisulfat,

cc iu kin c bit l mt in cc v thnh phn cn phi xem xt
trnh s ha tan in cc v cc vn in phn.

25
 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO

2.3.4. Canxi peroxit

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_peroxide
 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO

2.3.4. Canxi peroxit

CaO2 c sn xut bng cch kt ta octahydrat t dung dch mui hoc

hydroxit sau dehydrat ha nhit trn 1000C.
Ca(OH)2 + H2O2 CaO2 + 2H2O

Hn hp sau Cht rn
Ca(OH)2 Kt ta phn ng Ly tm, tch t Sy kh
H2O2 octahydrat kt ta

Ti tun Dehydrat ha
hon
dung
dch thi Nghin bt mn
B cha dung
dch thi
CaO2, CaO, Ca(OH)2
v CaCO3.
Hnh 2.7. S cng ngh sn xut canxi peroxit 27
13/03/2017
 II. CC HP CHT PEROXO

2.3.5. Mt s hp cht peroxo khc

Natri cht hp th CO2
Tng hp NaBO3 . 4 H2O Kali trong thit b
v 2Na2CO3 . 3 H2O2 Peroxit hyperoxit dng kh v mt
Na O
trc y 2 2 KO2 n phng c.

Ch c ng Stronti
Lm tng bn
dng trong sn peroxit Peroxo ko cho hp cht
xut pho hoa, SrO2
Compounds cao su, lm tc
n to ra
Km nhn tng hp
khung hnh c
peroxit cht n hi, cht
mu .
ZnO2 kh trng vt
thng, vng da
hoi t.

Thuc cha chua Magie

d dy v lm cht peroxit
kh trng. MgO2
 3. THO LUN V KIN NGH
3.1. c tnh hydro peroxit v cc hp cht peroxo

Kch thch da Kch thch mt Kch ng da

Cht
(th) (th) (chut bch)
Amoni peroxo
Khng Kch thch nh Kch ng ( ti u)
disunfat
Natri peroxo
Khng Khng Kch ng (ti u)
disunfat
Kali peroxo
Khng Khng
disunfat
Kali bis(peroxo
Kch thch
mono sunfat) bis n mn Khng kch ng
mnh/n mn
sunfat
Kch thch mnh
Natri percarbonat Kch ng nh khng kch ng
/n mn
Natri percarbonat Kch thch mnh
Kch ng ng khng kch ng
mono hydrat /n mn
Natri percarbonat
Khng kch ng Kch thch
tetra hydrat
 3. THO LUN V KIN NGH

3.2. Cc gii php phng nga an ton

Khi tip xc cn mc trang phc bo h.

Phng php lu tr: Do hydroperoxit v cc hp cht peroxo d

phn hy khi c nh sng nn n cn phi bo qun trong iu kin
lnh v trnh chiu nng trc tip.

Bo qun trong chai l phi c dn nhn r rng, xa tm vi ca tr

em.

13/03/2017 30
 L/O/G/O

Thank You!
For your attention!