kImv 1  

kImv 2  

BapJw Cv [\nsd hnjbnemWv P\ G

      hpw IqSpX \nbaewL\w \Snsmncnp

       !"    Xv FXpw Gsd tJZIcamWv. Amlp \
#
$     %& $'   ($ Inb asm A\p{Kltfmfpa[nIw {i
) 
sNeptXmb hnjbw [\amsWmWv {]hm
Ckvemansd ]kvXw`fn hfsc {]m[m NI hN\ \s ]TnnpXv. ImcWw [
\y ]qw JpB\pw lZokpw ]cnNbsSpn \w Fns\ \psS ssIfn hp FXn\pw
b hnjbamWv kImv AYhm \n_\v[ Zm\w. Fns\ hn\nabw sNbvXp FXn\pw \mw {]
Hcm apkvenamIptXmSp IqSn Xsd PohnX tXyIw {]tXyIw Dcw IstXmWv.
nsd Fm taJebpw hnaeoIcnstS ]ctemIv \Sm\ncnp hnNmcWbn A`n
Xpv FXmWv Ckvemansd ImgvNmSv. AXn
) C{]
apJoIcnm\np tNmZyfn \_n(

a\pjy \ne\nnsd \nZm\w Fv Jp Imcw ]dXv ImWmw:
B ]cnNbsSpnb [\n\v henb kvYm\
amWv Ckvemw \nivNbnnpXv. B . -9 .' 9 C. . B
B . -D EBF 6$ . 51 . .1 / F B. 9 B
. .. ?6 -3 F$6 G6
ImcWw kv a\pjys\ ]conpXn\v F . 
. $6 /
. B
B 1 1 1 . B 
. . FH
6 B
. 17 1 1 .I
6 B  . . HF 6/7
. 17 H1 1 B F
thn {]tXyIambn Isnb tim[Iw IqSn <  0K H) 1 1 -D 1  . 6". 1 1 / 1 B  . . F 6 J6 /
. 17.
bmWv Fv \_n(

) ]dbpIbpw sNbvXnp (7299 0= C#
XmWv.
""\mev Imcy tNmZyw sNsSpIbpw AXn\v
0= !"$ < ) ,-./ 01$2
3 54 6 /$71 . 856 /$71 59 2
:-4 1
*+ Dcw \IpIbpw sNbvX tijamsX, Ay
(2336 : ? 569/4 \mfn HcmfptSbpw Im]mZ aptmv Nen
nm IgnbpIbn; Ahsd Bbpns\p
""\nivNbw Fm Hmtcm kapZmbn\pw Hmtcm dnv AXv Fns\ \innp, Ahsd bphXz
]coW (ImcW)fpv; Fsd kapZmbn spdnv AXv Fns\ Xpep, Ahsd [\
sd ]coWamWv [\w''1 spdnv AXv FhnsS\nv kmZnp Fn
1
A_m\nbpsS kzlolv XnanZn 4/569 \: 2336
kImv 3  
kImv 4  

Nnehgnp, Ahsd Adnhns\ kw_\v[nv AXp kImv

sImv Fv {]hnp FnhbmWh.''1
kImv F ]Zn\v hf, A\p{Klw, ip
AXvsImv Ckvemanse \n_\v-[Zm\amb kIm oIcWw h\hv FsmsbmWv `mjm
ns\ kw_\v[np Hcp kwn]vX hnhcW w.
amWv CXneqsS DtinpXv. Ckvemansd kmtXnIm {]Imcw Xmsg ]d
sXpI CmXncnm {innpv. A_ bp \nN\w \ImhpXmWv:
ImWph ktlmZc _pntbmsS Nqn
mWnWsav DWpp. AhtcmSv Fpw "Nne \n_\v[\Iv hnt[bambn HcmfpsS [\
\nbph\mbncnpw. n \npw {]tXyIamb hn`mKfn am{Xw
NnehgnstSp \n_\v[Zm\w' FmWv.
CXnsd ]cntim[\bnepw apw Fs klm
bn ]ecpapv. Ahpw Amlp aXnbmb \_n(

)bpsS aZo\ PohnXImeLn lnPvd
{]Xn^ew \Is Fv {]mnpp. cmw hjamWv kImv \n_\v[amsXv.
kImns\pdnv a\nemm\pw PohnXn Ckvemansd {]XnPvRm {]Jym]\amb ilmZ
]Iphm\pw CXv {]tbmP\sSpamdmIs. v Iena AwKoIcnv apkvenamIptXmSpIqSn
Fv {]mnpsImv \nfpsS ssIIfnte \nlnstSXmb \akvImctmSp IqSn
v Gnpp. ]Sh kambn CXv Amlp tNp ]dXmb hnjbamWv kIm
kzoIcnpamdmIs (Bao) v FXv Xs AXnsd {]m[m\ysbmWv
hnfndnbnpXv.
A_vZpeo^v kpan amdtcn,
CkvemanIv ssKUkv skd kpsse Hcp a\pjy {kjvSmhn\p thn \nlnp
dnbmZv, kuZn Atd_y 2414488/226. Bcm[\ItfmsSmw krjvSnItfmSpw ]qo
IcntXmb ISmSpIfpv. Ahbn apJyam
b C\amWv kImv.

1
Xz_vdm\n. A_m\nbpsS kzlolp PmanAv 7299.
 kImv 5  
kImv 6  

kImv ]q kapZmbfn ""Ahsc \mw \psS I\{]Imcw amZi

\w \Ip t\XmfmpIbpw sNbvXp. \
temIv Ignpt]mb ap XeapdIfntev \n Imcy \nlnWsapw, \akvImcw apd
tbmKnsncp {]hmNImcneqsSbpw Am {]Imcw A\pjvTnWsapw, kImv \IW
lp kImv \Im NpaXesSpnbncpXm sapw \mw Ahv t_m[\w \IpIbpw sN
bn ImWmw. Xmsg ]dbp JpB hN\fn bvXp. \s am{Xambncpp Ah Bcm[nncp
eqsS Cmcyw {KlnmhpXmWv. Xpw.''1

1 B. 1./1. . L GM +1
. FFB6$ G6 -D 1N.B+1 01. O 6 6P1 6/"'
6
D /"+1. Ckm() sXmnen shv kwkmcn hnjbn
R BF Q 1 M1 /44?. 1 1.. /. .6$. /. .B4 / !1". R .B +1 epw kImv Dsncpp:
  (83) 6 62  /4$. 6  62  /F1?
D. S
4 BF . 1 62 . 1 
6
2 1 01.B
D. S
4 4 .
. B
D R. .F 016 . #
. .
""AmlpshbmsX \n Bcm[ncpXv, am   (31) U .
Xm ]nXmpw _\v[ppw A\mYI ""Rm FhnsSbmbncpmepw Fs Ah A\p
pw AKXnIpw \n \ sNWw, P\ KrloX\mnbncnpp. Rm Pohnncnp
tfmSv \ hmv ]dbWw, \akvImcw IrXyam Imea{Xbpw \akvIcnphm\pw kImv \Ip
bn \nlnpIbpw kImv \IpIbpw sN hm\pw Ah FtmSv A\pimknpIbpw sN
Ww Fsmw CkvdmboeytcmSv \mw Icm bvXncnpp.''2
hmnb k`w (HmpI).''1
C_vdmlow, eqXzv, CkvlmJv, bAvJq_v () Fo Ckvambo () bpw Xsd P\XtbmSv kImn
{]hmNImsc kw_\v[nv ]d tijw sd Imcyw I]nncpp:
Amlp ]dbpXv ImWpI:
 ) UV
1 B. 1 W . . 1
. 6. 1 62 . 1 6
2 1 F 6 B
D F F ,E.
. 6.
. 6?+1. S
1 .B'
6 / -D B71 BT1 B6 +1 6B
. B
D. 61 BED 1
. FBT. 5R 2 N1
D BF 6/. #
. . (55 : 
%&  (73) . 11 . 66 46. 1 62  %6$1+. 1 6 2 
1
kqd A_nbmAv : 73
1 2
kqd _Jd : 83 kqd adnbw : 31
 kImv 7  
kImv 8  

""Xsd BfpItfmSv \akvIcnphm\pw kImv Ifn \nv \o hmpI''1

\Iphm\pw Atlw I]npambncpp. X
sd cnXmhnsdbSp Atlw {]oXn e`n 46 6B#. /'
D 21 . B$4 B
. 6 . S
1 .W K
6 1 /4J1 D
/4. 
. 1"M  .TX D
.
h\mbncpp.''1 (267   ) YB&D  . W
kImv \n_\v[amWv ""kXyhnizmknItf, \n kmZnpmnb
\ hkvXpfn \npw, `qanbn \npw \n
kImv \n_\v[amsW Imcyw apkvenw k v \mw apfnp XXn \npw \n Nne
aqln A`n{]mb hyXymkanm hnjb hgnpho''2
fnsemmWv. Cmcyw JpB\pw kppw ap Cu hnjbn At\Iw BbpI \apv
kvenw kaqlnsd CPvamDpw2 hyIvXamp Ism\mhpXmWv.
ImcyamWvv.
hfsc {]knamb \_nhN\hpw kImnsd
Amlp ]dbpp: Kuchw \apv hyIvXamncppv:
(43  )
. 11 2 C. . /F6 B. 6 62  /4$. 6
6
2  /F1?
D. [2
. F 2
  3  GM +1 . + G6 B
4 .TI 6 Q 9 B'6 6 . F 
6 BZ1 / 0. 1 F
""\n \akvImcw apdt]mse \nlnpI
. .V. . 1 B
. . ) 1 62  %1 6$+ . ) 1 
6 2  1 6?+1. ) F F. . HF F B
.
bpw kImv \IpIbpw (Amlphnsd apn ( OJ$)  6 1
. 1 B6 +1 ]
. 6K$6 B B . S
1 B. / \
W . .
) Xe Ip\nphtcmsSmw XeIp\npIbpw
sNpho''3 ""Ckvemw Av Imcyfn kvYm]nXambncnp
p. AmlphmsX Bcm[y\nspw aplZv
5$  ) .T1 1T:. $4 . BF F TW K
6 $4 5R ?6 . 
. BT1 1 .B
D B 1 /"'
4
\_n(

) Amlphnsd Zmk\pw ZqX\pamsW
(103 kmy{]Jym]\w, \akvImcw IrXyXtbmsS \n
""Ahsc ipoIcnpIbpw Ahsc kwkvIcn ln, kImv \I, daZm\nse {hX
pIbpw sNm\pXIp Zm\w AhcpsS kzp a\pjvTn km[nph lv \nln
1
FnhbmWh''1
kqd adnbw : 55
2 1
apkvenw kaqlnsd GIITamb A`n{]mbw kqd Xu_: 104.
3 2
A_Jd 43. _Jd 267.
 kImv 9  
kImv 10  

)bpsS acW tijw A_q_(

\_n(
) `c n AXv \ImXn\v Rm AhtcmSv bpw
Ww GsSp Ahkcn Nne kImn sNpXmWv''1
sd hnjbn ssha\kyw ImWntm A A_q _( )hnsd [ocamb {]Jym]\w tI
htcmSv Ii \ne]mSv kzoIcnpIbpw bpw ) ]dXv : ""\nivNbw CXv Amlp A_q
Da(
sNpsav {]Jym]npIbpw sNbvXtm kz _dn\v tXmnnXv XsbmWv.''2
lm_nIfn Hcmfpw AXnt\mSv FXncv {]ISnn
pIbpmbn FXpw kImv \n_\v[am kImv kns\ Ccnnpp
Wv FXntep tcJbmWv. Amcyn
kzlm_nsd "CPvamAv ' BWv \apXn Im Amlp \Ip [-\w Ah CjvSsSp am
Wm IgnbpXv. n Nnehgnm ]dbpnSfnsemw Ah
NnehgnpXv aqew Amlp Ahsd [\w
Av A_q_( ) ssIsIm \S]Sn F{X CcnnpIbmWv AXpaqew sNbvXpsImncn
[ochpw DZmhpambncpp!! B hnjbn pXv Fv ktmjadnbnpXv ImWmw:
Atlnsd hmpI F{Xam{Xw Kuchap
Xmbncpp Fv {inpI: a
4 
. .VF R
.
. [VB?6 . M  FV. /?
D. S
1 6?W 
2 F /.

. 1?W 
2 F /

2 +1
O
^ . 6 62 

2 _1 76 ) 1 62  1 
62 

. B. O
6 2 76 B
.
2 6 $1 6?&3 
1     (18) b16 bB#
D BTF 6 . BTF 6
 M
.  1  -1 F. 6+1 .T6 X`D F 6 GR 6 1 01F6 . B6 )-1 ./ ""Xobmbpw [w \Iphcmb ]pcpjm
(2607:? 93/2  
H) .T1 /. 6
""AmlphmsW kXyw, \akvImcntdbpw k
Imntdbpw CSbn hnthN\w ImWnp
htcmSv Rm bpw sNpI XssNpw. \_n

)v \Imdpmbncp Hcp Ib (kImn
(

sd hIpn arKs sImphcptmgpm
Imdp hb) F\nv XcmXncnpIbmsW
1 3
apX^Jp Asseln.
. BTF $4 /$6 66  
cpw kv{XoIfpw Amlphn\v \ \nebn ISw
sImSphcpamtcm AhXv Ccnbmbn \I
sSpXmWv. Ahs{X am\yamb {]Xn^e
apXpw.''3
kImv \IptXmSv IqSn kv Xop
1
A_qZmhqZv 2/93 \: 1556, \kmC 5/14 \: 2443, XnanZn 5/3 \: 2607.
2
kzlolv XnanZn 5/3 \: 2607.
kqd lZoZv : 18
 kImv 11  
kImv 12  

t]mIpw Fv IcpXn \ImXncncpXv. ImcWw ambp -ISaI {][m\ambpw \akvImcn

AmlphmWv \apv kv \IpXpw, AXv eqsS \nlnptXmsSmw ]SpIfpambp
tXSnnm\p bpIvXnbpw AXn\p BtcmKy ISaI {][m\ambpw kImneqsS \nln
hpsamw \IpXv. kImv F hmn\p sSpp. Fm Cv ]etmgpw kImnsd
{][m\s Afn Hv "hf ' FmWv hnjbw th{X {]m[m\yanmsXbmWv ]ecpw
Fv ImWm Ignbpw. kImv \IpXv aq ImWmdpXv. \akvImchpw t\mpw, AXsn
ew Amlp AXv \Iphsd kns\ ] t\mpw \akvImchpw Fns\ AXn\nS
cnt]mjnnpIbpw hfpIbpw sNpp. bn ]dbsnp kImns\ adpsImp
Amlp ]dbpp: \nemWv ]ecpw {]tbmKnmdpXv. Fm
JpB\pw lZokpw kImv \ImXncnp
(39)
. 4J1 BVF / F F c
. N1 6 BE376 1 M . B#.
. F1$4 9 6. W 4$B$6  .. Xv F{X KpcpXcambmWv ImWpXv Fv Xmsg
  ]dbp ImcyfneqsS a\nemmhpXmWv.

""Amlphnsd {]oXn eyamnsmv \n 1. kImv \Imh apivcnIpI

hXpw kImmbn \Ip ]w, As\
sNphcs{X Ccn kmZnph.''1 BF 1 . '
1 d1 F . 6 D2
. 4$,`F G6
. 1"M
. 11 /IF/: e-B. .
(76 S7 ) F 1 76
kImv sImSpmhp
XmoXv ""kImv \Imhcpw ]ctemIn hnizm
kanmhcpamb apivcnIpImIpp \miw.''1
JpB\n kImns\ ]cmainp kvYe kImv \Imhsc apivcnIpIfmbmWv Am
]cntim[nm \mev kvYe Hgnv _m lp ]cnNbsSppXv. Amlphnsd AhIm
n Ccp]sv kvYefnepw \akvImctmSv iw Amlphn\v hIshpsImSpmsX AXv a
tNmWv kImns\ kw_\v[nv Amlp ] p \nev hn\nabw sNpXmWsm inv.
dnpXv; CXv Xs kImnsd Kuch AXpt]mse ]mhp AhImiw Ahv
amWv hnfndnbnpXv. Hcp a\pjy\v ]Sh\p
1 1
kqd dqw : 39 kqd ^pkzneXv : 6,7
 kImv 13  
kImv 14  

\ImXncnemWsm ChnsSbpw kw`hnp Kw ! AtXmsSmw AsX{Xam{Xw KpcpXcamsW

Xv. AXpsImv Xs kImv sImSpmXncn v DulnmhpXpamWv.
apivcnInsd kz`mhambmWv Amlp hnti
jnnncnpXv. Ah\v ]ctemI hnizmkanm 3. ]ctemI in
Xv sImmWv A{]Imcw {]hnpXv F kImv \Imhv ]ctemIv thZ\tb
pw Amlp AtX BbneqsS hyIvXamn dnb inbmbncnpw AXvaqew A\p`hntn
bncnpIbmWv. hcnI.
Amlp ]dbpp:
2. ag XSbsSpw
1 L -1 1
. 017 .T6 4J1 F G6 . 56 V 2 J1 /. f
. . "M 
. F1 /.

. 1"M.
\_n(
)bn\nv C_v\p Da() ]dbp Hcp .T1 g./$4 76 . M T. #
. 1 6 017 .TB6 . .B F . B. 9 1
D f
9 6". 1 F BI: . 76
lZokn C{]Imcw ImWmw: . /4?"4 76 B4 1 J4 D& B$4 B6 6 . 6". BF F FT4 . BTF F F#. BTF F .# 1
G6 B6  )1%.
2 

. 1 . /K6 / F1 F GM +1 BT1 1 .B
D 6 6. F6 B. B6. (35)34 5$  ) D
F1 /$6 B$4 4
C# <  )4019: ? 1332/2 #
) FK
""GsXmcp kaqlamtWm Ah kImv \Im
XncnpXv Ahv BImiv \npw ag XS
bsSpXmWv. \mmenIfnmbncppshn
ag (Xosc) hjnpambncpn''1
Amlp \Inb knsd Hcp sNdnb Aw
iwt]mepw Ah I]n hn[w kImmbn \
Imhv Amlp ag XSpshnne
s A`pXapq. F{Xam{Xw \nbnm hn`m
6 BF B6 F N1 .T. /
""kzhpw shnbpw \nt]amn shpI
( 7978 0= bpw, Amlphnsd amn AXv sNehgn
mXncnpIbpw sNphcmtcm Ahv thZ
\tbdnb insbn ktmjhm Adnbn
pI. \cImKv\nbn shv Ah Npp ]gpn
sSpIbpw FnXvsImv AhcpsS s\nIfn
epw ]mizfnepw apXpIpIfnepw NqSpshs
SpIbpw sNp Znhkw (AhtcmSv ]dbsSpw)
\n \nv thn Xs \nt]np sh
XmWnXv. AXn\m \n \nt]np shncp
Xv \n BkzZnpsImpI''1

1 1
C_v\pamP 2/1332, A_m\nbpsS kzlolp PmanAv \: 7978 kqd Xu_ 34,35.
 kImv 15  
kImv 16  

CtX Bibw hyIvXamp \_nhN\fpw sgpt]nsd \mfn AhcpsS Igpn

ImWpI: ame NmsSpXmWv) ''1
 07 ?K  -# G+  O !` G -  -#  
3. PohnX tifm ]consSpw
f$  ?
? P $    J   ]?
]#I
V7    $  ' "  $ G } -#   kImv \ImsX XSp shphv ]c
5   '  ?K T I  - T '  temIv e`nm\ncnp inv ]pdsa, Po
hnX ti \Inbpw Amlp Ahsc ]co
(2441 : ? 11/5 0= 0N < ) 5d { npXmsWpw {]hmNI hN\fn \n
"GsXmcp a\pjy\mtWm Xsd [\nsd k pw a\nemm Ignbpw:
Imv \ImXncnpXv, Ahsd Igpn
Amlp AsXmcp `oIc kamn AWnbnp     - -? -?   0V  
Xmbncnpw. Ah AXn\nv HmSnbIepw 07 0K)    $ G+  ? C  
tXmdpw AXv Ahs\ ]npScpXmbncnpw. ]n (763 ?/1 fk$ f $ <  K&

) AXn\v sXfnhmbn hnip
oSv {]hmNI(

JpB Bep Cwdm Aymbnse Xmsg ] ""_pssdZ(
)]dp: GsXm
) hn \nv, \_n(

dbp hN\w ]mcmbWw sNbvXp tInp: cp P\XbmtWm kImv XSpshpXv A
hsc Amlp hc ({]IrXn hn]pIfneq
BTF M [B'
6 . F 1 1BV76 1 F L F F 6$ .1
. 4'
6 B. . 1"M
2 . 
. B . G6 . sS) aqew ]conpXmWv''2
 ) 51 ..1 / . B. 1 1 /4' 1 . . . 4?2 K
6 F 
. BTF M j I 6 . F ,-.
Amlp \InbXv Ah ]d hn[w Nnehgn
(180:  - m hnkXnphv AXv e`nm\pmb
(Amlp Ahsd A\p{Kln \nv X hgnI Ah XSp shpsImv Ah {]
v XnpXn ]nipv ImWnph AXv bmksSpqXmWv .
Ahv KpWIcamsWv Ah Hcnepw hnNm
cnp t]mIcpXv. A, AXhv tZmjIcambncn 1
A_m\n kzlolv \kmC : 5/11 \: 2441)
pw. Ah ]nipv ImWn [\wsImv Dbn 2
Xz_vdm\nbpsS HukXv, A_m\n kzlolpKo_v hlo_v
hmfyw 1/ lZokv \ : 763
 kImv 17  
kImv 18  

4. kImv \Imh \cIn Fnpw Ah Amlphnsd I\ Dsm

v Xsd Azm\^eambn Dmnb [\w a
kImv \ImsX, AXv XSpshph \ phv \IpI FXv Hcp ]coWw X

) hyIvXamp
cInembncnpw Fv \_n(
sbmWv.
Ibpw sNbvXnpv : kv apkvenw Dnsd ]coW ImcW
07 0K)  07 5   C : Q

 amWv F Imcyhpw \_n(

) hyIvXamnbn
pv.
(5807 :? 0= l C# <  )l
3 54 6 /$71 . 856 /$71 59 2
-: 4 1
""kImv \Imh
nembncnpw''1
kImv hfp kKpW
Hv: ]coWn\v k\mIpp.
Xm Azm\npmnb kn \npw Ipd
snepw aphv \Im k\mIp
h Amlphnsd asm ]coWtfbpw
AXnPohnm IcpmnpI Xs sNp
XmWv. ImcWw a\pjy P\m Xs k
ns\ CjvSsSph\mWv.
(!"$) ,-./ 01$2
Ay\mfn \cI
""Fm Hmtcm kapZmbn\pw Hmtcm ]coW
(ImcW)fpv; Fsd kapZmbnsd ]co
WamWv [\w''2
AXn\m kImnsd hnjbn Xsd _m
[yXI \nlnp hyIvXn kzm`mhnIambpw
av ]coWsfmw IrXyambn A`napJoIcn
m k\mhpI Xs sNpw.
cv: a\pjy ipoIcnsSpp
Hcm kImv C\n Xm kmZnpm
nbXpw, a\pjy Ghpw A-[nIw CjvSs
(8 S  ) b1I
6 6 1 B'
6 / f
W
F 1 F M +1. SpXpamb [\w \Iptm Ah ipoIcn
sSpIbmWv sNpXv.
""\nivNbw Ah [\tmSp kvt\lw ITn\
ambh\mIpp''1
1
kqd BZnbmv: 8.
1 2
Xz_vdm\nbpsS kzKo. A_m\nbpsS PmanDkzKo 5807. XnanZn
 kImv 19  
kImv 20  

AXpaqew a\pjy\n kzm`mhnIambpw Dmtb 1. apkvenambncnpI

mhp ]nipv, [\tmSp AXymn, kzm
X Fo Zqjyfn \npw Ah cs apkvenan\v am{XamWv kImv \n_\v[ap
SpI Xs sNpXmWv. ImcWw ta ]dbs
) apBZv()hns\ ba\ntev \ntbm
Xv. \_n(

No KpW D hyIvXnI Hcnepw k Kntm AtltmSv ]d hmpI
Imv \Im XmdmhpIbn. Atm kI C{]Imc ambncpp:
mneqsS apIfn ]cmain ImcyfpsS hn]
coX KpW a\pjy\n hfp hcnIbpw BF B
_1 76  1  -3 F. 0:
D.  3  GM + . + G6 B

1 . .TI 6 6 + BTF  F B
sNpw. S
9 .6 . Q . B' 6 BT1 B6 
. Y . . $6 /7 B?6  D 
2
BTF B1 BED 76 c. 1 "1 c
. F6K
D
klPohnItfmSp klm\p`qXn, kvt\lw, Icp Y
. . $6 /7  D 
2
BTF B1B6 76 c. 1 "1 c. F6K
BF B
_1 76 )956 B6. 1 B. -: 4 071
W, Zb Fo kKpW hfphcm\pw A B1 %1 .6 74 6. X . $4 76 B1 %1 .1 /k
D B
1 "4 '
6 ,`$4 BT1 1 .B
D 017 5R ?6 . . BT1 B6 
.
Xv ImcWambnocpp. (1331 : ? 505/2 !')
Amlp ]dbpp:
""\o Ahsc AmlphmsX Bcm[y\n, Rm
(103 5$ ) .T1 1T:. $4 . BF F TW K
6 $4 5R ?6 . 
. BT1 1 .B
D B
1 /"'
4 Ahcntev \ntbmKns dkqemWv F km
yhmIyntev WnpI. Amcyn
""Ahsc ipoIcnpIbpw Ahsc kwkvIcnp Ah \ns A\pkcnm cm{Xnbnepw ]Ienep
Ibpw sNm\pXIp Zm\w AhcpsS kzp ambn Av kabfnse \akvImcw Amlp
Ifn \nv \ohmpI''1 Ahv \n_\v[amnbncnpp Fv Adnbn
BmWv \n_\v[w pI. AXnepw Ah \ns A\pkcnm A
mlp AhcpsS [\n \npw kImv \n
kImv \n_\v[amIpXn\v Ckvemw Nne \n _\v[amnbncnpp Fv AdnbnpI. AXv
_\v[\I \nivNbnnpv. Ahv A\pkrX Ahcnse [\nIcn \npw kzoIcnv Ahcnse
ambn am{Xta Hcm kImv \Im \n_\v[n Zn{Zcn hnXcWw sNpIbpamWv thXv ''1
X\mbnocppq.
1 1
kqd Xu_: 104. _pJmcn 2/505 \: 1331.
kImv 21  
kImv 22
CXn \npw apkvenamhv kImv \n
_\v[ansv a\nemmhpXmWv. A{]Imcw
XsbmWv Ckveman \npw ]pdv t]mb, ap
XpIfptSbpw AhkvY.
2. kzX{\mbncnpI
ASnav kImv \n_\v[an. Ah\v kz
ambn kzv Dsn t]mepw Ah\v kImv
sImSp \n_\v[an. Ahsd [\w kIm
nsd hn jbn Ahsd bPam\sd [\
ambmWv ]cnKWnpI. AXn\pw IqSn bPam\
kImv sImSptXmWv.
G+ 5? T7 Q7 -Z
 
bn kImv \tIXn. Fm Hcm \n
kzm_v FpXn Xmsgbp hcpam\n\v
kImv \Im Dtinppshn AXn\v
hntcm[an. hnhn[ C\fn \npw hcpam\w
e`npIbpw Hmtcmn\pw \nivNbnnp \nkzm
_v Fpnsnepw Abm \mnse {][m\
ImjntImntdtbm, \mWbnsd
tbm \nkzm_nt\mSv Xpe\w sNbvXv Xsd hcpam
\s ipoIcnembncnpw Daw.
\_n(

) kImnsd \nkzm_ns\ hnhcn
lZokn C{]Imcw ImWmw:
 C
G+ 
 

3. ]cn]q DSakvYXbnepXmhpI T %I
]cn]q DSakvYXbnep [\n\v am{XamWv Q7   I


 5? -# 5N S "_7
Ckvemw kImv \n_\v[amnbnpXv. T %I

G+ 5? T7
Fm IpnIfptSbpw A\mYIfptSbpw [\n
\v {]kvXpX hn`mKnsd kzv ssIImcyw sN T7 Q7 5N
$ G+
$ 
_7 I C 5? 07
p DchmZsh kImv \tIXmWv T %I

G+ %0I
FXmWv {]_eamb A`n{]mbw.
4. \nkzm_v ]qnbmhpI
kImv \I \n_\v[ap Fm hcpam\
amn\pw Ckvemw Hmtcm ]cn[n \nivNbnn
pv AXv Fnbm am{Xta kImv \I
\n_\v[apq. AXn\vXmsg hcp AhkvY
(1386 : ? 527/2 !' < )
""HcmfpsS ssIhiw \mev HIw am{XamWv D
sXn AXn\v kImv C; AXnsd DSakvY
DtinmemsX. HcmfpsS ASp tav
\Sp ImenIfmbn \m]Xn\v Hscw Ipdhv
BSpIfmWv DsXn AXn\v kImv sImSp
tXn; DSakvY DtinmemsX. shn
kImv 23  
kImv 24  

v ]nsemnsd \mensemmWv (\m]Xn Xs sImSpm ]dp. Fm Hcmv \m

HmWv) kImmbn \tIXv Fm Hcmfp Wb kv ssIhiw hm Abmv Hcp
sS ] \qn sXmqdv ZnlamsX C; Fn hjw Ignv am{Xw sImSpmepw aXn.
Abm AXn\v kImv \tIXn. Abm
DtinmemsX.''1 Hcmv e`np hcpam\nsd cc iXam
\w am{XamWv Amlp \tmSv \Im Bhiy
kImpw sImw XnIbepw sSpXv. _mn sXmqntbgc iXam\hpw
\apv \psSbpw IpSpw_ntdbpw Bhiy
ImjnI hcpam\n FtmgmtWm hnfshSp n\v D]tbmKsSpm AhImiapv. Fm
v \Sn D]w ssIhiw hcpXv Atm \apv e`yamb [\w \qdv iXam\hpw Am
Xs kImv sImSpWw FXv JpB lp \apv \InbXmWv Fv Hmp Hcp hy
hyIvXamnbnpv. IhSn\v IhSw XpSn IvXnv AXn\npw cc iXam\w, kv
Hcp hjw ]qnbmIp Ahkcn kv Inhcp kabv Xs kImmbn \
tmv FSpv \SnbmWv kImv sImSpt Im tXmpIbmWv thXv. kImv apIqn
Xv F hnjbnepw A`n{]mb hyXymkan. \Imw F Imcyn ]VnXmv CS
\mWbkn\v Hcp hjw ]qnbmbmem bn A`n{]mb hyXymkan Xm\pw. IqSpX
Wv kImv sImSptXv Fv lZokpIfn Amlphn\v Adnbmw; Ah \apv \bnte
hyIvXamWv. v amZi\w \IpamdmIs.
 
)5# ) -3 B
. / 1 6
. -D F . 6$
. -9 . 017 6 6. G6 kImv \n_\v[ap C\
(7497 :? 0= C# < 
`qanbn \nv apfnpmpXpw a\pjy
""Hcp [\n\pw hjw ]qnbmIptmgmsX Azm\npmpXpamb Fm hn[nep
kImv C''2 hcpam\pw kImv \IWw FmWv
IrjnbpsS kImv sImbvsXSpp kabv JpB ]TnnpXv.
46 6B#. /'
D 21 . B$4 B
. 6 . S
1 .W K
6 1 /4J1 D
/4. 
. 1"M  .TX D
.
1
2
klolp _pJmcn 2/527 \: 1386 (267   ) YB&D  . W
C_v\pamP, A_qZmhqZv, A_m\nbpsS kzlolp PmanAv 7497.
 kImv 25  
kImv 26  

""kXyhnizmknItf, \n kmZnpmnb Fm Hcp a\pjy Ah IjIt\m DtZym

\ hkvXpfn \npw, `qanbn \npw \n KkvYt\m Bcmbncpmepw icn, Ahsd AXym
v \mw DmZnnp XXn \npw \n hiy PohnXn\v Bhiyambn hcmhp \nn
Nnehgnpho''1 X ]cn[n \nivNbnpIbpw AXn\p Xmsgbp
[\s kImn \npw HgnhmpIbpw sN
Cmcyw asmcp ssienbneqsSbpw JpB bvXp. {]kvXpX ]cn[nmWv Iimkv{X ]
hyIvXampXv ImWpI. UnXm ^nJvlnsd kmtXnI `mjbn "\n
(24 m ) 1 B . / -1 N1  B 8O 1TB
017

. 1". kzm_v ' Fv ]dbpXv.
""AhcpsS [\n tNmZnphcph\pw D]Po kImv sImSp \n_\v[ap C\
h\ amw XSbsh\pw Hcp \nnX AhIm AhbpsS \tI tXmXv A\pkcnv {]-[m\
iapv''2 ambpw aqv C\ambn XncnsSpp. Ah Im
jnI hn`h, Imenkv, \mWb kv
5$  ) .T1 1T:. $4 . BF F TW K
6 $4 5R ?6 . 
. BT1 1 .B
D B
1 /"'
4 FnhbmWv.
(103 \mWbnsd kImv
""Ahsc ipoIcnpIbpw Ahsc kwkvI
cnpIbpw sNm\pXIp Zm\w AhcpsS kz \mWbw FXv sImv DtinpXv ]v Im
pIfn \nv \ohmpI''3 ev \Spmbncp kzhpw shnbpw am
{Xa. Cs Idknbpw apw AXn D
kImnsd eyw kaqlnep {]iv\ sSpXmWv. HcmfpsS hcpam\w IhSw Imjn
p ]cnlmchpw AtXmsSmw [\s tIm, Imen kv Fnhv ]pdsa
bpw sImSpp hyIvXntbbpw ipoIcnep GXv C\nep hcpam\ambncpmepw AXn
amWv. FXmWv JpB\pw lZokpw a\n sd kImv \tIXmWv AXv ifw, I
emncpXv. oj, hmSI Fns\ GXv Xcnep hcp
1
am\n\pw \nnX \nkzm_v Fnbm kIm
kqd _Jd 267.
2
kqd aBcnPv 24. v \I \n_\v[amWv.
3
kqd Xu_ 103.
kImv 27
kImv
\_n(

)bpsS Imev shnbpw kzhpambn
cpp \mWbambn D]tbmKnncpXv. Ame
Ln Ah cpw Xn Imcyamb hyXym
khpapmbncpn. CmIs kzhpw sh
nbpw Xn hnebn hfsctbsd Acapv
Xm\pw. AXpsImv Xs \mWbfpsS kIm
nsd hnjbn kznsd \nkm_v
kzoIcntWtam AX shnbpsS \nkzm_v
kzoIcntWtam FXv ]VnXmv CSbn
A`n{]mb `nX \ne\np hnjbamWv.
GXv kzoIcnWsaXn\v JUnXambn sXfn
hv e`yam \nev ]noSv Nnnphm\pXv
kImnsd eyamb kns\bpw kIm
v \Iphs\bpw ipoIcnpIbpw Zmcn{Zy
\nmP\n\v IqSpX D]IcnpIbpw sN
pI GXv am\ZUambn kzoIcnptmgmWv
FpXmWv. AXmIs shnbpsS \nkzm_v
kzoIcnptmgmWv.
\mWbn\v kImv \n_\v[ambnocpXn
 
28  
""Av DuJnbbn Xmsgbp \mWbnv
kImv (\tIXv) C''1
Av DuJnb FXv {]hmNI(

)bpsS Ime
s 200 Znlw shnbpsS hnev kam\amb
Afhv BWv. \psS B[p\nI IWv {]Imcw
Ccp\qdv Znlw FXv 590 {Kmw shnbpsS
hnev XpeyamWv. Atm 590 {Kmw shnbpsS
hnep Idkn (cq]) HcmfpsS ] Dm
bngnm Abmv kImv sImSpm
\p \nkzm_v Fngnp. Abm AXn
sd 2.5% kImv sImSp \n_\v[amWv.
Hcn kImv sImSp [\w hopw AtX
t]mse AbmfpsS ] Untmknv Bbn D
v Fn Hmtcm hjhpw AXnsd 2.5% kIm
v C\n \InsmncntXpamWv.
Ccp\qdv Znlw shnbmWv AXnsd \nkzm_v
Fv Xmsg ]dbp asmcp lZokneqsSbpw
a\nemmhpXmWv.
\v \nivNbns ]cn[n (\nkzm_v), shnbpsS . 1 .. 54 
. B'
6 .T1J76 -3 B
. / .TB6 
. -D . . 9 . B1 6$ND 1 c
. 6 /S 6"_67
\nkzm-_v IWmnbmWv s]mXpsh B-[p\nI [61
. F/I
1 c. 6
. 4$6 6$ . f 1 . "L  017 01B. b%B0I 6 c . 6 Q
. B6 
IdknIv kzoIcnphcpX.v
c
. 1"6 f 1 .1 1 76 . . .76 9 61 a4 B1 .T1J76 -3 B . / .TB6 
. -D . .
shnbpsS \nkzm_v hyIvXamp lZokv \ (0&   ) 
)
apv C{]Imcw ImWmhpXmWv.
(!') 5? O
5'
 7 Q 1
_pJmcn.
kImv 29  
kImv 30  

"" \nsd ] Ccp\qdv Znlw (shn) Dm Ccp]Xv anYvJmen\v Ac anYvJm F tXmXnem

hpIbpw Hcp hjw XnIbpIbpw sNbvXm A hptm apXensd \mXn Hv. AXmbXv
Xn \nv Av Znlw (kImv \IWw). 2.5 % (cc iXam\w). kzambmepw shn
kzn\v \nsdbSp Ccp]Xv Zo\m D bmbmepw [\nsd cc iXam\w Hmtcm h
mIpXv hsc Hpw \tIXn. (Ccp]Xv jhpw kImmbn \tIXmWv.
Zo\m Dmbn) Hcp hjw XnIm Hcp Zo\m
dnsd ]IpXn \o kImv \IWw IqSpXep B[p\nI ]WanS]mSpIfn kImnsd \n
mIptm Cu tXmXv A\pkcnv IWm kzm_mbn shn kzoIcnptmgpw kzn
pIbpw thWw. ''1 \v t\cnv kImv IWmptm 85 {Kmw
kzw XsbmWv \nkzm_mbn FSptXv.
{]kvXpX lZokn \npXs kznsd
\nkzm_pw hyIvXamIpXmWv. AXmbXv 20 Zo "" `qanbn \npw \nv \mw DmZnnp
XXn \npw \n Nnehgnpho''1
\m Asn 20 anYvJm ( )  FXv GI
tZiw 85 {Kmw kzn\v Xpeyamb XqamWv. F Bbnsd shfnn `qanbn \npw
Xmsg ]dbp lZokpw Cmcyw hyIvXamp IpgnsSpp s]t{Smfnbw D teml
XmWv: , Dv Fnhsmw shnbptStbm kz
a GP I -  "'E 
0
5IN ntdtbm \nkzm_v Fngnm 2.5 % k
Imv \tIXmWv. A{]Imcw "tX\pw' `qanbn
(813 :?/3 0= -l %+ 5# ) -P \npw \mw DmZnnpXcpXv F KW
n DsSpXmsWmWv Iimkv{X ]
""Bbnj () bn \nv, \nivNbw \_n(k) F VnXmcpsS A`n{]mbw.
m Ccp]Xv anYvJmen\pw Ac anYvJm (0.5
anYvJm) tXmXn (kznsd kImmbn) ImjnI hnfI
kzoIcnpambncpp.''2
-D /'M . S
9 I
6 FB. . Bk
6 . S
9 6IFB2 S
9 M#
. ED I
6 D
!1"M . F .
1
A_qZmhqZv. A_m\n kzlolv Bbn tcJsSpnb lZokv.
2 1
C_v\pamP, A_m\nbpsS ChmD Keo 3/\ : 813 kqd _Jd 267.
 kImv 31  
kImv 32  

9 1 6I6$F . Bk
6 . [T1 6I$6 F
. 2X . . 4$B2 . F 44
3 RJ1 $6 /'F ]
. B2 D ev \mWbnsd \nkzm_v IWmpIbpw
(141 & ) H1 1 . . . B. F M
. /4$. . . /P
D 6"+1 1H1 . P6 1 /44 Hcp hjw ]qnbmhpIbpw sNbvXm 2.5 %
kImmbn \IpIbpamWv sNtXv. A{]
""]en DbsXpw AmXpamb tXm Imcw Xs \mWyhnfIfmbn ]cnKWnp G
fpw, Cu\Ifpw, hnhn[ Xcw I\nIfp ew, IpcpapfIv, d XpSnbhpw AhbpsS
IrjnIfpw, ]ckv]cw XpeyX tXmpXpw F hnev \mWbnsd \nkzm_v IWmpI
m kmZriyanmXpamb \nebn Heohpw bpw Hcp hjw ]qnbmhpIbpw sNbvXm 2.5
amXfhpw Fmw krjvSnpmnbXv Ah\mIp % kImmbn \IpIbpamWv sNtXv.
p. Ahtbmtcmpw Imbvptm AXnsd
^efn \npw \n `npsImpI. A FtmgmWv sImSptXv
Xnsd hnfshSpv Znhkw AXnep _m[yX
\n sImSpv hopIbpw sNpI''1 ImjnI DfpsS kImv Ftm sIm
SpWsa Imcyn apkvenw ]UnXm
CXn \npw Fm Xcw Irjn hn`mKn\pw nSbn A`n{]mb hyXymkanm hnjbam
kImv sImSptXpv Fv a\nemmw Wv. ImcWw ta ]dbs BbneqsS Am
\_n(

)bpsS {]t_m[nX kaqln\v ]cnNbap lp Xs AXv hyIvXamngnp. . B. F 6 . 4$ .
Hcp]mSv hn`hsf Cu BbneqsS ]cn H1 1 .
. ""\n AXnsd _m[yX sImbvv
NbsSppp. ChnsS ]dbs IrjnIfn Znhkw Xs \IpI bpw sNpI''1.
am{Xw ]cnanXsSpmsX samn hyhkm
bnI ASnkvYm\n IrjnsNp Fm Xcw AXn\m DfpsS hnfshSpv Znhkw
Irjnpw kImv sImSpv AXns\ ipoI Xs AhbpsS kImv \tIXpv Fv
cnpIbpw B {]tZis P\fpsS {]bmk a\nemmhpXmWv. Fm \mWyhnfbmbn
AIm ]cn{ianpIbpw sNtXmWv. ]cnKWnphv Ah Hcn ImjnI
bn\fn DsSpsanepw Ah hnp Inp
]dnI t]mephv t\cnv kImv \ hnesb \mWbnt\mSv kmaysSpnbmWv k
IpI FX \SnepXv. Ah hnv Inp hn Imv \tIXv.
1 1
kqd ABw 141. kqd ABw : 141
 kImv 33  
kImv 34  

ta ]dbs lZokpIfn \nv 6 --- I

- znd
F{XbmWv \nkzm_v [m\yapmbm am{Xta kImv \n_\v[am
ImjntImv kImv \n_\v[ bnocppq. AXmbXv s\n\v kImv \
amIpXn\v Ckvemw \nivNbn \nkzm_v (]cn-[n) Iptm Bdv Ind AcnbpmIm Bhiy
ap s\pmbncnWw. FmeXv Htc hnf
Av hkvJv1 BWv. \_n(

)bn \npw _p bn Xs DmbnsmWsan F Imcy
Jmcnbpw apkvenapw DsS ]e lZokv {K\vY nepw ]UnXm Gsdpsd A`n{]mb sF
fnepw Cu hnjbnep \_nhN\ ImWm Iyn XsbmWv.
hpXmWv.
( OJ$) 54 ?6 . 
. O
9
. B
51 
. B'
6

. F .17 Q
. B6 F{XbmWv \tIXv
""Av hkvJn IpdhpXn\v kzZJ (kImv) Fm Xcnep IrjnIpw Htc \ncne
\tIXn.''2 kImv \tIXv IjIv DmIp {]
bmk IWnseSpv AXv cv A\p]mX
asmcp lZokv IqSn ImWpI. nemWv Ckvemw ImWpXv. Xmsg ]dbp \
_nhN\n \npw Amcyw a\nemmhp
G f 07 Q -?
0

 !'  0

 XmWv.
() O
5' ($ $ $
I l T& S 7 -?
0
 #

A_qkCuZv (
) ]dp: ""
) hn \nv: \_n(
() I a 5 0 7
[m\yw, Imc Fnh Av hkvJv FpXv
hsc kImv \n_\v[an''3 ""\ZnIfn \npw ag aptJ\bpw \\pm
nb (Irjnv) ]nsempw, arKtftbm (b
{tfm) D]tbmKnv \\pmnbXmsWn
]nsemnsd ]IpXnbpamWv (kImmbn
1
Hcp hkJv 60 kzmAv. 5 hkvJv 300 kzmAv. GItZiw 6 Iznd \tIXv)''1
[m\yw.
2
apX^Jp Asseln.
3 1
apkvenw. apkvenw
kImv 35  
kImv 36
AXmbXv Nnehv Ipd \nep IrjnbmWv
Fn ]nsemv AXmbXv 10% hpw IqSpX
Nnehv Cdn _pnapp IrjnbmWv Fn
]nsemnsd ]IpXn Ccp]Xnsemv AXm
bXv 5% hpw BWv \tIXv.
IhS hkvXp
IhS hkvXpv hjmhkm\w kvtm
sSpv \Sn kvtmp Ncpw, IhS h
Ibn e`n hcpam\hpw Iqn AXv \mWb
nsd \nkzm_mb 590 {Kmw shnbpsS hne
v Xpeyambm AXnsd 2.5% kImmbn
\tIXmWv.
IhSmhiyn\mbn hmnbnp hml\,
`qan, hoSv XpSnb Fm hkvXppw C{]
Imcw kImv \tIXmWv.
ImenIfpsS kImv
HIw, amSv hw, BSpI FnhbmWv kIm
v \tIp ]cn[nbn hcp ImenI.
ImenIfpsS \nkzm_pw AhbpsS \tIXmb
hnlnXhpw Xmsg tNpp.
 
amSv hw
amSv hnsd \nkzm_v 30 arKw
30 apX 39 hsc 1 hbmb Imfpnv
40 apX 59 hsc 2 hbmb ]ippn
60 apX 69 hsc 1 hbp 2 Imfpn
2 hbp 1 ]ippnbpw
70 apX 79 hsc 1 hbp 1 Imfpnbpw.
]noSv Hmtcm 30 \pw 2 hbp 1 Imfpn
hoXhpw. Hmtcm40 \v 2hbp ]ippnbpw.
HIw
HInsd \nkzm_v 5 FamWv
5 apX 9 hsc 1 BSv
10 apX 14 hsc 2 BSv
15 apX 19 hsc 3 BSv
20 apX 24 hsc 4 BSv
1 hbp 1 HIw. As
25 apX 35 hsc n2 hbp HscmIw.
36 apX 45 hsc 2 hbp Hcp HIw
46 apX 60 hsc 3 hbp Hcp HIw
61 apX 75 hsc 4 hbp Hcp HIw
76 apX 90 hsc 2 hbp 2 HIw
91 apX 120 hsc 3 hbp 2 HIw
]noSv hcp Hmtcm 40 \pw 2 hbp Hmtcm
HIw hoXw. Hmtcm 50 \v 3 hbp HIhpw.
kImv 37  
kImv 38  

{]Xyn DSakvY Cm \nev h \n

BSv t]hpw e`nm AXnsd Ansemv AXm
BSnsd \nkzm_v 40 FamWv bXv 20% kImv \tIXmWv. AXn\v {]tXy
40 apX 120 hsc 1 BSvv I \nkzmt_m Ime ]cn[ntbm C, Fpw AXv
121 apX 200 hsc 2 BSv Innb DSs\ \tIXpv FpamWv ]Un
201 apX 300 hsc 3 BSv Xmcn A[nI ]hpw A`n{]mbsSpXv.
301 apX 400 hsc 4 BSv \_n(

)bpsS Xmsg ]dbp hN\amWv ta
401 apX 500 hsc 5 BSv ]db s hnjbnse sXfnhv.
]noSv hcp Hmtcm 100 \pw Hmtcm BSv ( OJ$) Q
F F '
hoX amWv \tIXv.
ta ]dbshbm tImgn, Xmdmhv, B\
XpSnbhsb hyhkmbnI ASnkvYmn h
fp AhkvYbpmbm AXn \nv e`n
p hcpam\w \mWbnsd \nkzm_n\v Xp
eyamb kwJybpmbm AXnsd 2.5% kIm
v sImSp \n_\v[amWv.
\n[n e`nm
a\pjysd Azm\w aqeamsXbpw Nnetm
a\pjy\v kv e`ntmw. Fm AXn\pw
Ah \nivNnX hnlnXw kImv \In {]kvXp
X [\w ipoIcn tijw am{XamWv Ckvemw
Ah\v AXv D]tbmKnm A\paXn \IpXv.
AXpsImv Xs Hcmv Xsd tPmen kvY
ev \ntm \Sv t]mIp hgnbn \ntm
4  1 W 07
""\n[nIv Ansempw \tIXpv''1
B`cWnsd kImv
B`cWv kImv \tIXptm F
hnjbn ]v Imew apXv Xs A`n
{]mb `nXI \ne\nppv. Ccp hn`mK
hpw Ahchp sXfnhpIfpw \ncppv.
AXp sImv A]w hniZambn Cmcyw hnh
cnm Dtinpp.
D]tbmKnpsImncnp B`cWv k
Imv \tIXn F hmZmcpsS sXfnhp
I Xmsg ]dbpp:
Camw amenIv(:) Xsd aphXzAv tcJsSpn
b cv kw`h ImWpI:
1
apX^Jp Asseln.
kImv 39  
kImv 40  

Cu hnjbn Pm_n( ) \nv Camw im^n

G6 2 4P f " F $6 . 1 .# F $6  0L       2

(c Z EK) 4 6

. T1 W 1
F B 1 m
F 1 /'F bpw ss_lJn(::)bpw AkvamAv ()bn \nv
ZmdJpXzv\nbpw CXpt]mep dntmpI Dcn
) Xsd s]IpnIpw ASna
"C_v\p Da ( ppv. A\kv, Pm_n, C_v\p Da, Bbnj,
kv {XoIpw kzm`cW AWnbnmdp AkvamAv () Fo kzlm_nI B`cW
mbncpp. Fm Ahv Atlw kImv v kImv C; F A`n{]mbaphcmbncp
\Imdpmbncpn.''1 p Fv Camw AlvaZv _v\p l (::) tcJ

* T  # $ T1'
S
6  -M $ S
0 m 5IN
sSpnbnpv.
(EK)  2 T1  B 1 m
F 1 /'$4 
6 7 0  B`cWv kImv \tIXmWv F
hmZm Xmsg ]dbp lZokpIfpw sXfnhmbn
""Bbnj() Xsd kwcWnepmbncp Dcnpp:
A\mYIfmbncp ktlmZc]p{Xnamv kzm
`cW AWnbnmdpmbncpp. Fm A 8S. /$76 !1. 017 g
D. 76
 1  -3 F. 0 2 6 
. -D '6 .  5IN 
hv kImv \Imdpmbncpn.''2 . c. 6
F 2 . $6
D S
4 B6 
. S
4 /4 76 n 56IN1 . . 6". . -D 676 )9O1 . B 1
0    c  Q
SE -?   0  . F -D 6? ) %. 6I . B
G6 S 4 /?4 n
2 TF $6 6. . o`D $4
-D 6  -3 F.
(0K?)  7 Q -7 (   0&   244/1 
) M . 1 c
1 F B
.

""Aenp _v\p kpsseam (::) ]dbpp: Rm
) Hcn Fsd

""Bbnj() ]dbpp: \_n(

A\kv_v\p amenIv() B`cWnsd kImn ASpv htm Fsd ssIIfn shn
s\ kw_\v[nv tNmZntm Atlw ]dp: sImp hfI Ip. FmWnXv Bbnjm ?
AXn\v kImv C Fv.''3 Fv Atlw tNmZntm AXv, Rm \n
v thn AWnsmcpnbXmWv Fv ]d
1
p. Atlw tNmZnp: \o AhbpsS kImv
Camw amenInsd aphXzAv. sImSpnptm ? Rm ]dp: C. AXn
2
Camw amenInsd aphXzAv 1/166 AXn\v kam\ambtXm Bbhmv ]dp; \
3
Zmd JpXzv\n .
 kImv 41  
kImv 42  

) ]dp: AXv am{Xw aXn \n\v \cIw

_n(
Dp ka() ]dbpXv ImWpI:
e`nm.''1
-D 676 n . F b/6

1  -3 F. . S
4 /4 76 f
9 . "6 B 1 [ .VB
Q F . /
S4 /4

1  -D F. /S$6
D 
 *
H*#  
 fI    p ) 
) 9 /6 1 Q . B6 76 M. 76 F $6 6. !
. W `D $4 B
(6 6 . .
f
9 . "6 B 1 1 6$
6 1k
6 1 6$M 
. . .T$1 6 B 1 . 017. .T6 85 .T. . .
(5582 :? 0= C# <  ) 

3 c 1 . W 
. F B
c1 X 
F .
D -D 6? )6G /S6 6? n 6". 6 6. . 1KB$4
.T6 -D 676
""Rm kznsd XfI [cnmdpmbncp

0 6+ .TF /$. 6 ' 6 76 n 9 6 B 1 1 B. .
1 51 . .1 / . B. .T1 1
p. Atcw Rm \_n(

)tbmSv C{]Imcw tNm
(    0= 
<  ) 1 1 F. 1 .  1 .F /S6D 6?. 1

) ]dp: A
Znp: CXv Ikv BIptam ? \_n(

""Awdp _v\p ipAbv_v Xsd ]nXmhn \npw Xn\v kImn\p ]cn[n FpIbpw kImv
Atlw Xsd ]nXmal\n \npambn dntmv sImSppIbpw sNbvXm Ikv A.''2
sNpp: \_n(

)bpsS ASp Ipnsbbpw f
9 . "6 B 1 1 .
1 T
07
 -D . 6$$
$
 2

FSpv sImv Hcp kv{Xo hp. IpnbpsS I

nt kzw sImp Inbp cv hfI 
3  .4 . W 
. F
1 2
1 $4
-D 6? G6 6$676 .TF $6 6.
1 .W `D $4
.T -D 676
fpmbncpp. Atcw AhtcmSv tNmZnp: Ch <  ) !"$) .TF $6 6. .W E7 -6? G6 $6? 9 6 B 1 R . 1 B

v kImv sImSpnptm ? C. Fv Ah (1396 :? 0= 

adp]Sn ]dtm \_n(

) tNmZnXv: Ay
)bpsS ASp hp;

""cv kv{XoI \_n(

\mfn Amlp Xo sImp cv hfI A AhcpsS cpt]cptSbpw ssIIfn cv kz
WnbnpXn \o ktmjnpptm ? F
mbncpp. Atcw Ah AXv cpw Ducnsb hfIfpmbncpp. \_n(

) AhtcmSv \n
Spv CXv Amlphn\pw dkqen\pw Ccns F Ahp kImv \Inbnptm ? Fv
v ]dv \_nbpsS apn shpsImSpp.''2 tNmZnp. Ah C. Fv ]dtm, \nsf
cv t]tcbpw Amlp Xo sImp cv hf
I AWnbnpXv \n CjvSsSptam ? F
1
A_qZmhqZv 1/244. \mkndpo A_m\n(d) kzlolmsWv tcJ
1
sSpXnb lZokv. kImv \Im [\s JpB Bt]n ]ZamWv Ikv
2 2
A_qZmhqZv. \mkndpo A_m\nbpsS kzlolv. A_qZmhqZv
kImv 43  
kImv 44  

v tNmZnp. Ah cv t]cpw Csv ]d Fm B`cW [cnpI kv{XoItfmSv

tm, {]hmNI(

) ]dp: Fn \n kImv \Intbm F \_n(

)bpsS tNmZy
cv t]cpw AhbpsS kImv \IpI.''1 n \npw, "C' F adp]Sn tItm ""F
IqSmsX A_vZpdkmJv()Xsd apkz^n C mWv \cIin A\p`hnm\mbn AXv Ikv1
Bphm\mtWm \o DtinpXv'' Fv ]d
_v\p akvDuZv()hn \npw C{]Imcw Dcnp Xmb kzlolmb lZokpIfn \npw B`cW
pv: fpw AXn\v \nivNbn \nkzm_v Fnbm
4 2 0
W 1
F / 07 (B`cWn\v kImpv)2 kImv \IWw FXmWv a\nemIpXv.
AXmbncnpw kqvaXbpw.
) Xsd Khdmbncp A_qaqk A
Da (
ivAcn ()hn\v Xmsg ]dbpw {]Imcw FgpXnbncp B`cWfpsS \nkzm_v
Xmbn C_v\p A_ossi_bpw tcJsSpn B`cWfpsS \nkzm_v \mWbnsd \nkzm
bnpv: _v XsbmWv.
 c?  `

 0
+  f$ -? fI 
)]dbpp:
\_n(

5I 0
 a) T  ?$
 %
(10160 : ? 382/2 . 1 .. 54 
. B'
6 .T1J76 -3 B
. / .TB6 
. -D . . 9 . B1 6$ND 1 c
. 6 /S 6"_67
[61 . F/I
1 c. 6 . 4$6 6$ . f 1 . "L  017 01B. b%B0I 6 c . 6 Q
. B6 
""ipsF_v() ]dbpp; Da(
) Xsd Khdm c
. 1"6 f 1 .1 1 76 . . .76 9 61 a4 B1 .T1J76 -3 B . / .TB6 
. -D . .
bncp A_qaqk AivAcn( )hn\v Atln (0&   ) 
)
sd Iognep apkvenw kv{XoItfmSv AhcpsS
B`cWv kImv \Im I]nWw "" \nsd ] Ccp\qdv Znlw (shn) Dm
Fv FgpXnbncpp.''3 hpIbpw Hcp hjw XnIbpIbpw sNbvXm A
Xn \nv Av Znlw (kImv \IWw) kz
1
XnanZn. A_m\nbpsS kzlolv A_qZmhqZv \: 1396. 1
2 kImv \Im [\n\v JpB\pw lZokpw D]tbmKn ]Z
A_vZpdkmJv(d) sd apkz^v , Xz_vdm\n. amWv Ikv FXv. AXv \cInenv ]gpnv Ahsd icoc`mK
3
C_v\p A_o ssi_(d)hnsd apkz^v. 2/382 \: 10160 AXpsImv NqSpshv s]mnpXpamWv.
kImv 45  
kImv 46  

n\v \nsdbSp Ccp]Xv Zo\m Dm s\ Fm \nepw hn]pI hnesImSpp

IpXv hsc Hpw \tIXn. (Ccp]Xv Zo\m
Dmbn) Hcp hjw XnIm Hcp Zo\mdn
sd ]IpXn \o kImv \IWw IqSpXep
mIptm Cu tXmXv A\pkcnv IWmp
Ibpw thWw. ''1
kzm`cW BWsm {]NmcnepXv;
Ccp]Xv Zo\m BWv AXnsd \nkzm_v Bbn
\nivNbnsnpXv. CXv 85 {Kman\v Xpeyam
bXmWv. AXn\m 85 {Kman IqSpX kzw
HcmfpsS ssIhiapmIptm, AXmbXv ]
. 11 ./.
hmp AhkvYI am{XamWv Cv B`cW
aptJs\ DmbnsmncnpXv.
kImnsd AhIminI
kImv \tI hn`mKw GsXmsbmWv F
Xv Amlp Xs hyIvXamnbnpv Ah
Xmsg ]dbp JpB hN\n \npw a\
nemmhp XmWv.
51 6JM `D F /. .TB6 
.
1 1.. /. %.6 J4 /1 S4 6?. 
2  .M +1
c ]h\n IqSpX kzm`cWw ssIhiw D -1 1
2 
1 B. 1 L -1 1
. 017.
. 11 6l/. f1 6?W  017. BTF F 4?4
h AXnsd 2.5 % (cc iXam\w) Hmtcm (60 5$  ) b1 . b1 . F L . 1 L

. W 5R V
hjhpw kImv \tIXmWv.
Fm B`cW Cmev \nb{npI
bpw \ncpkmlsSppIbpw sNt Hchkv
Ybntesn \npIbmWv. B`cW \
Im IgnbmXnsd t]cn hnhml{]mbw
Ignnpw hnhmlw sNbvXp sImSpm Ignbm
]mhs IpSpw_, B`cW A\ysc
ImWnm thn Ckvemw IWniambpw ]men
m \ntin Ckvemansd hkv{Xw Dt]n
p kv{XoI, B`cWv thnbp h
nphcp IhI sIme]mXI Fn
1 1
A_qZmhqZv. A_m\n kzlolv Bbn tcJsSpnb lZokv.
. 176
"" Zm\[ (kImv) \tIXv Zcn{Zm
pw AKXnIpw, AXnsd (kImXnsd)
Imcyn {]hnphpw, (Ckvemapam
bn) a\pI CWshpw, ASnaIfpsS
(tamN\) Imcynepw, ISwsImv hnjanp
hpw, Amlphnsd amnepw, bm{Xm
c\pw am{XamWv. Amlphn \nv \nivNbn
sXs{X CXv. Amlp Fmw Adnbph\pw
bpIvXnam\pamIpp''1
a\pjysd {kjvSmhmb ]SXpcm Ah
sd {]bmkfpw hnjafpw a\nemn A
kqd Xu_ 60.
kImv 47  
kImv 48
Xn \npw Ahsc tamNnnm\p am
fpw BhnjvIcnnpv. AXn apJyamb hnjb
amIpp kImv. AXn\m hyXykvX taJeI
fnep Fv hn`mKs kImnsd AhImin
Ifmbn Amlp Xs XncsSpv apIfn
]d BbneqsS AdnbnncnpIbmWv.
1. Zcn{Zm
PohnXnsd Bhiy \nlnm bm
sXmcp amhpw ImWmsX IjvSspsImncn
p hn`mKamWv Ch. Xopw ap Bfp
Isf B{ibnmemsX PohnXw Xn \om
Ignbm Ccneph kaqln F
mepw DmIpXmWv. ChscbmWv kIm
nsd AhIminIfn HmaXmbn Amlp
FSpv ]dXv FXv Xs Ahsc klmbn
pIbpw kwcnpIbpw sNtXnsd {]m
[m\yamWv hnfndnbnpXv.
2. AKXnI
PohnXmhiy \nlnm\mhiyambXnsd
]IpXnbne[nIw Gsdpsd Hnm Ignbpsa
nepw {]bmkhpw IjvSXIfpanmsX Pohnm
aphcpsS I\nhpw ImcpWyhpw e`npI X
s thWw. Ccnep BfpIsfbmWv AK
XnI FXv sImv DtinpXv. apIfn ]d
Zcn{Zhn`mKs Fmhpw Ffpn
 
Ism Igntpw. Fm AKXnI
AhcpsS A`nam\w kwcnv A\ysc Adnbn
msX {]bmksv sRcpn IgnpIqSph
cmbncnpw Acmsc Idnv kImv
\In Ahsc csSpm Ckvemw {]tXy
Iw {ibn s]SppIbmWv ChnsS sNpXv.
3. kImv tPmenm
Hcp {]tZiv Ckvemw hn`mh\ sNp k
Imv kw`cW hnXcW coXn \Smptm A
Xn\mbn \nccw {]hnpsImncnp D
tZymKkvYam Bhiyambnhcpw. BfpIfpsS
hcpam\ amw At\zjndnv kImv \
Im _m[yXbp BfpIsf Isn Ah
\tI hnlnXw Hmtcm Imepw Adnbnv A
Xv k`m\pkrXw Ahcn \npw tiJcnm
\pw, B {]tZis P\fnse kImnsd
AhIminIsf Xcw Xncnv Ahv AhImis
hnlnXw Ahcntev Fnp sImSpepamWv
AhcpsS {][m\ NpaXe. Acnep DtZym
KkvYv ifw sImSptXv kImv ^n
\nv XsbmbncnWw. AXpsImmWv A
mlp kImnsd AhIminIsf Fnbtm
aqmaXmbn ]d .TB6 
.
. 11 ./. kImn
sd hnjbn Azm\np DtZymKkvY
Fv FnbXv.
kImv 49  
kImv 50  
4. a\v CWsh
Ckvemantev ]pXpXmbn ISv h hnizmknI
, AXsn apkvenwIv CSbn ZoL Im
eambp Xmakw, apkvenwIfpsS {]t_m[\ {]
h\, s]cpamw FnhbpsS ^eambn
Gsdpsd apkvenambm XctSn F a\
pambn IgnpIqSp BfpI FnhcmWv
CXvsImv DtinsSph.
5. ASna tamN\w
ASnaItfbpw, AapkvenwIfpsS ssIIfn XS
hpImcmbn ]nSns XShpImscbpw tamNnnv
Ahsc am\knIambpw kmnIambpw klm
bnv csSpn kam[m\]qamb PohnXn
\v Ahkcapmm Ckvemw DchmZsh
sc NpaXesSppp. AXn\mhiyambn hcp
kmnI NnehpI kImv ^n\nv
FSpv hn\ntbmKnphm \ntinpIbpw
sNbvXncnpp.
6. IS_m[yXbph
Ccp hn`mKnSbn ]ckv]cw cRvPnpm
pXn\v {ianp BfpIv Nnetm H
cm asmcmv \Im\p kmnI _m
[yXI GsSpv {]iv\ ]cnlcnptm
gpmIp _m[yXI Xom Nnetm k
lmbw Bhiyambn htpw, AXpt]mse Po
hnX {]bmk ImcWw IS_m[yXIfn AI
sv ISw hom {]bmksSp BfpIfpw kaq
lnepmIpw Acw hn`mKpw kIm
v \In Ahsc csSpWsamWv CXv
sImv DtinpXv.
7. Amlphnsd amn
Ckvemansd kwcWmw bpntes
Sp ]mfm, hnZy`ymkn\v {]bmksSp
h, ssZhoI amn {]t_m[\ kw_\v[ -
ambpw apw hcp Bhiy Fo am
fnepw Hcp {]tZis kImnsd hnlnXw Nn
ehgnmhpXmWv.
8. hgnbm{Xm
Ckvemansd HgnpIqSm ]m Bhiym
w hcp bm{Xm, hyIvXn]camb Bhiym
w asmcp kvYetv bm{X sNtXmbn
hcnIbpw AhnsS Fnb tijw In IcpXn
b ]Ww Xov t]mhpItbm, \jvSsSpItbm,
tamjvSnsSpItbm sNbvX bm{Xmv Ah
cpsS kztZitv Xncnp hcm Bhiyamb
]Ww kImv ^n \npw \In Abmsf
klmbn B \mpImcpsS _m[yXbmWv.
kImv 51  
kImv 52  

ta ]dbs Fv hn`mKn am{Xambncn {]hmNI hN\fpsS {]Xn]mZ\ coXn {inp

Ww kImv NnehgntXv. Fm Hcp {]tZ GsXmcmpw Cmcyw a\nemmhp
iv Fv hn`mKnepw BfpIsf Isn \ XpamWv:
InsmWsa ta ]dbshmsX
HXmaXv Hcp hn`mKn NnehgncpXv Fv BF B
_1 76  1  -3 F. 0:
D.  3  GM + . + G6 B

1 . .TI 6 D6 + BTF F B4
am{Xw. ta ]dbs hn`mK apgph\mtbm a
1 S 9 .6 
. Q . B' 6 BT1 B6 
. Y . . $6 /7 D 
2
BTF B1 BED 76 c. 1 "1 c
. F6K
D
AXsn Ahbn NneXv am{Xtam Dmbm BT1 B6 
. Y. . $6 /7

2
BTF B1 B6 76 c. 1 "1 c
. F6K
BF B
_1 76 )956 B6. 1 B. -: 4
epw Ghpw AlXs Htm ctm hn`mK B1 %1 .6 74 6 . X . $4 76 B1 %1 .1 /k
D B
1 "4 ' 6 ,`$4 BT1 1 .B
D 017 5R ?6 . .
s am{Xw XncsSpv \IpXn\pw hntcm
[an. Hmtcm {]tZisbpw BhiyfpsSbpw
BhiymcpsSbpw kmlNcy a\nemn
hnjbv apKW\ \In hn\ntbmKnm
hpXmWv.
kImv Fns\ \IWw
kImv hnXcWs kw_\v[nv Nnnptm
hyIvXn hyIvXnv \Ip coXn Ckveman
sd BZyImev {]hmNI(

)bptStbm kz
lm_nIfptStbm, ke^pkzmenlpIfptStbm Im
ev \SnepXmbn ImWm Ignbpn. kIm
ns\ kw_\v[nv ]dbsSp lZokpIfn
kImnsd kw`cW hnXcW coXnbn Hcp aq
mw In A\nhmcyamWv Fv ImWm km[n
pw.
(!')
""\o Ahsc AmlphmsX Bcm[y\n, Rm
Ahcntev \ntbmKns dkqemWv F km
yhmIyntev WnpI. Amcyn
Ah \ns A\pkcnm cm{Xnbnepw ]Ien
epambn Av kabfnse \akvImcw Amlp
Ahv \n_\v[amnbncnpp Fv Adnbn
pI. AXnepw Ah \ns A\pkcnm A
mlp AhcpsS [\n \npw kImv \n
_\v[amnbncnpp Fv AdnbnpI. AXv
Ahcnse [\nIcn \npw kzoIcnv Ahcnse
Zcn{Zcn hnXcWw sNpIbpamWv thXv ''1
Atm kImv ]ncnsSppIbpw Alcmb
AhIminIv hnXcWw sNpIbpw sNp
Xn\v Hcp aqmw In ayhnIfmbn Dm
I A\nhmcyamWv. Cmcyw kImnsd A
1
_pJmcn.
kImv 53
kImv 54  
hIminIsf hniZoIcn BbneqsSbpw a\
nemmhpXmWv. kImnsd IWpI
icnbmpI, ]ncnsnpI, Alcmb Ah
IminIv Fnp sImSppI, AXnsd ap
X kqnpIbpw AXv kwcnpIbpw sN
pI Fo Imcyv kvYncambn tPmen sN
p sXmgnemfnI BhiyamWv. AXpsImv
Xs Ahv ifhpw BhiyamWv. AXv I
dnpsImmWv Amlp kImnsd Ah
IminIsf Fnbtm "h Baneo\ Asse
lm' (.TB6 
.
. 11 .) Fv AXn\v thn Azm\n
ph F Hcp {]tXyI hn`mKs FSpv
]dXv. CXn \nsmw kImv hyIvXn hy
IvXnv sImSpp k{Zmba Ckvemw kIm
v hnXcWn\v ImWp coXn Fv Xopw
a\nemmhpXmWv. Am ]w hyIvXn
Xsd kImv t\cnv Zc{Zv \Iptm
Zcn{ZcpsS A`nam\st]mepw l\np kwkm
cfpw s]cpamfpw AXpaqew DmhpIbpw
Ans\ KpWtmtfsd tZmjfmbn AXv
amdpIbpw sNpp.
AXn\m ]Wmcsd hopapv XfpsS
A`nam\w ]Wbwshv AXneqsS e`yamIp ap
XemfnbpsS HuZmcya Ckvemanse kImv. A
Xv ]mhfpsS AhImiambn Ckvemw \nivNbn
npXmWv. AXv Ahv AhcpsS hoSpIfnte
 
v FnpsImSpt hyhkvYIfpw Ckvemw
\ntinp. {]hmNI(

)bpw Atlnsd
]nKmanIfmb Jeo^amcpw AXnsd {]mtbmKn
I cq]w \apv ImWnp XcnIbpw sNbvXp.
kwLSnX kImnsd t\
Ckvemw hn`mh\ sNp \nev kImv kw
LSnXambn tiJcnv hnXcWw sNp coXn
sImv am{Xta Ckemw apn ImWp t\
kImv \Iphcnepw kzoIcnphcn
epw DmnsbSpm km[yamhpIbpq.
1. kImv ZmXmhns\ ipoIcnpp
kImv hyIvXn hyIvXnv \Iptm e`n
m ]e t\fpw kwLSnX kImv aqew
e`npp. hyIvXnI ayhnIfnmsX t\
cnv \Iptm AXv kzoIcnphs\ ImWp
tm a\n ss]imNnIamb ]e NnIfpw
Dmbnocm\p km[yX hfsc IqSpXemWv.
Fsd kImv hmn Pohnph Inv
Xncnp t\mppt]mepan, Ah\v kImv
\Inbm X\nv Fsnepw Bhiyw hcp
tm Ahs\ D]tbmKsSpm Ignbpw,
BfpInSbn X\nv CXv aptJs\ kvYm\
hpw {]ikvXnbpw e`nWw Fns\ ]e \ne
p A\mhiy NnIfpw DmIm CSbpv.
 kImv 55  
kImv 56  

kImnsd eyambn JpB ]d, Xm

sg ]dbp XXzn\v AXv Xopw FXncmhp kImv kwLSnXambmsX hnXcWw sNs
Ibpw sNpw. Sptm ]etmgpw AhIminIv e`nmsX
t]mhpItbm, A\lcmbnph ssIemp
5$  ) .T1 1T:. $4 . BF F TW K
6 $4 5R ?6 . 
. BT1 1 .B
D B 1 /"'
4 Itbm sNsSm\p km[yXI GsdbmWv.
(103 AXsn A`nam\w ]Wbw shv A\ycpsS
apn ssI \om aSnphv Xosc e`n
""Ahsc ipoIcnpIbpw Ahsc kwkvIcnp msXbpwhcpw. Fm kwLSnX kz`mhn
Ibpw sNm\pXIp Zm\w (kImv) AhcpsS emsWn ta ]dXmb {]iv\sfmpw
kzpIfn \nv \ohmpI''1 DZnpn. Fpam{Xa; Ahsbmw ]cnlcn
kImneqsS e`yamtI kwkvIcWw kwLSn sSpI IqSn sNpp.
Xambn AXv \nlnsSptm am{Xsa Dm
bnocpIbpq. 4. Zmcn{Zyw CmsXbmpp
2. kzoIcnphsd kwcWw kwLSnX kImv hnXcWw aptJs\ Hcp {]tZ
is samw BhiymcpsS IWsSpv
]Wmcn \npw kImv t\cnv kzoIcnp AXn \npw Hcp \nivNnX iXam\s Hmtcm
Xv A]w A`nam\ t_m[aphv a\:{]bm hjhpw {]tXyIambn XncsSpv Ahsc ]q
kapmpw FXv XobmWv, AXpt]mse \ ambpw [\ycmnophm\pw XpShj
apv kImv \Ip a\pjy\mWsm Fn nsenepw Ahcn \npw kImv kzoIcnv
s\ AbmfpsS apn A`napJoIcnpw F aphv \Im\p Hcp AhkvYbnse
Hcp A[aat\mKXnbpw DmIm\nSbpv. kw nm\pw IgnbpXmWv. Ans\ Bkq{XnX
LSnX kz`mhw aqew Chsbmw Xopw Cm ambp {iaw aqew Hcp {]tZis Xopw Z
sXbmn a\pjynSbn \ne\np D cn{Z apIvXamnom IgnbpIbpw sNpw.
\oNXzw XpSp\om Ignbpw. ]qoIcpsS Imev Hcp{]tZiv kImv
3. AlXshv Fpp hmphm AhIminIfnmsX ASp {]tZi
fntev \InbncpXmbn Ncn{Xn Im
1
kqd Xu_: 104.
kImv 57  
kImv 58  

Wm IgnbpXv Ccnep hnXcW coXn
) apBZv()hn\v \Inb D]tZin

\_n(

aptJs\bmsWv a\nemmhpXmWv. C{]Imcw ImWmw:
5. kImv eyw \nlnsSpp BF B
_1 76  1  -3 F. 0:
D.  3  GM + . + G6 B

1 . .TI 6 D6 + BTF F B4
kImv aptJs\ kaqlnse IjvSXb\p`hn a
1 S 9 .6 
. Q . B' 6 BT1 B6 
. Y . . $6 /7 D 
2
BTF B1 BED 76 c. 1 "1 c
. F6K
D
p hn`mKs Isn klmbnv DX BT1 B6 
. Y. . $6 /7

2
BTF B1 B6 76 c. 1 "1 c
. F6K
BF B
_1 76 )956 B6. 1 B. -: 4
cmpI F eyw hyIvXn hyIvXnv \Ip B1 %1 .6 74 6 . X . $4 76 B1 %1 .1 /k
D B
1 "4 ' 6 ,`$4 BT1 1 .B
D 017 5R ?6 . .
XneqsS \nlnsSpn.
Zcn{Zcpw ISsWnbn IpSpn {]bmksSp
hcpw hgnbm{Xmcpw Ah t\cnSp {]iv\
v sNdnb \nesnepw Hcp Bizmkw e`n
m\mbn hyIvXnIsf kao]nv {]bmkv
]cnlmcamcmb Xopw A{]mtbmKnIhpw A
imkv{XobhpamWv. AXvsImv Xs kaqln
sd _m[yXbmWv Acmsc klmbn.
AXv {]bmka\p`hnphcpsS AhImihpw
IqSnbmWv. AXmIs kwLSnXhpw hyhkvYm]n
Xhpamb \nemsX am\yambn \nlns
Sm km[npIbpan.
AXmXv {]tZiv \IpI
kImv ]cnsSpp {]tZiv Xs \I
Ww FXmWv \_n(

) kzlm_nItfmSv \In
bncp D]tZifn \npw a\nemIpXv.
(!')
""\o Ahsc AmlphmsX Bcm[y\n, Rm
Ahcntev \ntbmKns dkqemWv F km
yhmIyntev WnpI. Amcyn
Ah \ns A\pkcnm cm{Xnbnepw ]Ien
epambn Av kabfnse \akvImcw Amlp
Ahv \n_\v[amnbncnpp Fv Adnbn
pI. AXnepw Ah \ns A\pkcnm A
mlp AhcpsS [\n \npw kImv \n
_\v[amnbncnpp Fv AdnbnpI. AXv
Ahcnse [\nIcn \npw kzoIcnv Ahcnse
Zcn{Zcn hnXcWw sNpIbpamWv thXv ''1
ChnsS Ahcnse [\nIcn \npw tiJcnv A
hcnse Zcn{Zcn hnXcWw sNm\mWv ]dnp
Xv. AXvsImv Hcp {]tZiv kImv kzoI
cnm AhIminI Cm AhkvYbn am
1
_pJmcn.
 kImv 59  
kImv 60  

{Xta ap {]tZifntev \InqSq Fv a

\nemmhpXmWv.
) Atlnsd ASp kImp
""\_n(

ambn hcphv thn ""Amlpth, Ahv
kImv ZmXmv {]mn \o \ \tIWta'' Fv {]mnmdpmbn
cpp. A_q Au^ Xsd kImpambn h
kImv \Iphv thn {]mnWsa tm ""Amlpth, A_q Au^bpsS IpSpw_
pw AXv Ahv kam[m\w \Ipsapw n\v \o \ \tIWta'' Fv {]mnpI
JpB\pw lZokpw hyIvXamppv: bpmbn.''1


2 +1 BT1 B6
. -: .. .T1 1T:. $4 . BF F TW K
6 $4 5R ?6 . 
. BT1 1 .B
D B
1 /"' 4 A{]Imcw Xs kImv ]ncnsSpp Ah
(103 5$ ) b1
6  . c . $6 
""Ahsc ipoIcnpIbpw Ahsc kwkvIcnp
Ibpw sNm\pXIp Zm\w (kImv) AhcpsS
kzpIfn \nv \o hmpI. Ahv thn
\o {]mnpIbpw sNpI. Xobmbpw \n
sd {]m\ Ahv kam[m\taIpI Xs
. bC1 . F L . BTF M b
6
. kcfn AhcpsS [\nse Ghpw apn
bXv \n FSppXpw \n kqnWw
Fv \_n (

) {]tXyIw HmsSpnbncpp.
apBZv() hns\ ba\ntev \ntbmKn Ahkc
n Atln\v \Inbncp D]tZin
C{]Imcw ImWm Ignbpw:
sNpw. Amlp Fmw tIph\pw Adnbp 07 5? T Y$7 

TE7 c" K

_7
h\pamWv''1 K

_7 TN7 07 $7 TNk

 "'`$ T

) kImv sImphcphmbn {]m

\_n(
T Q T_7   O$ T
N c_7 c"
nmdpmbncpp: ( 1783 :? 568/1 5# ) f#  

BT1 B6 
. -: 
. 2 TF  -6? BT1 $1 ?6 . 
. 1 bB?6 BF 6$
6"+
 1  -3 F. . 6 AXnepw Ah \ns A\pkcnm Amlp A
hcpsS [\n \npw kImv \n_\v[am
67B
01
-1  6 . -:  . 2 TF  -D 676 1 $1 ?6 . 
. 1 67B
01
HF 6$E76 nbncnpp Fv AdnbnpI. AXv Ahcnse
( <  ) [\nIcn \npw kzoIcnv Ahcnse Zn{Zcn

1 1
kqd Xu_: 103. apkvenw
kImv 61
kImv 62  
hnXcWw sNpIbmWv thXv. Amcyn
Ah \ns A\pkcnm AhcpsS [\nse
Ghpw apnbXv FSppXv \o kqnWw.
anXsd {]m\sb \o kqnWw AXn
\pw Amlphn\pw CSbn adbpmIpX''1
kImv ]ncnsSpph Ghpw apnbXv
FSpptm AXv DSakvY\v {]bmkapmm
CShcppIbpw Ahsd a\v Amcy
n Hcp ]t Ahv FXncmIm\pw CShcp
pw. AXn\m kImv Ghpw apnbXpw
Ghpw tamisXpw Am \nepXmbn
cnWw. Cmcyw \Iphcpw ]ncnsSpp
hcpw {]tXyIw {intXmWv.
kImpw daZm amkhpw
kImv hnXcWw daZm amkhpambn _\v[
sSpp Hcp k{Zmbw Cv an {]tZi
fnepw Iphcp HmWv. CXn\pw ASnkvYm\
an FXmWv hkvXpX. kwLSnX kImv kw
`cW hnXcW coXn \Snm {]tZifnemWv
CXv IqSpXembn IphcmdpXv. CXv kImv
sImSpmXncnm\p Hcp D]mbambpw Nnesc
nepw Isp Hcp X{w IqSnbmWv. ]mh
fmb Nne ]Wmcn \npw kImv hI
1
kzlolv C_v\p amP 1/568 \ : 1783
 
bnsenepw Fsnepw Inpsav IcpXn X
fpsS A`nam\w t]mepw ]WbsSpn ]Wm
cpsS hopapv FnsSptm AsXmw
daZm\n sImSpp Ignp Fv ]dv aSn
AbmdmWv AcmcpsS ]Xnhv.
kImv bYmn HmtcmcpcptSbpw h
cpam\w e`yamIp kabw GXmtWm AtX ka
bv Xs sImSpp hotXmWv. Hcm I
hSw XpSnbXv daZm amknemWv Fn
Abm hjw XnIbptm IWv t\mn da
Zm amkn sImSpmhpXmWv. AXmsX
Fm BfpIfpw kImv sImSpm\mbn daZm
amkw hcm Imp\npXn {]tXyIw ]p
Wysampan. daZm\nsd ]pWyw sFOnI Zm\
[v D]tbmKsSpm ]dXv sX
ncnmbncnmw Cs\ Hcp [mcW apkvenw
kaqln ISphXv. \n_\v[ambpw \n
lntXmb Hcp Imcyw, AXv \nlnmsX
daZm hsc \onsmpt]mI ]etmgpw Ip
Icamtbm\pw CShcppXmWv. Hcm Xm
sImSpv XotXmb kImv, AXv \n
_\v[amb kabv sImSpmsX daZm hcm
Imp\npXn\nSbn Abm acWsSp
IbmWv Fn kImv sImSpm Ip
n\npw Abm apIvX\mIpX. \mw H
cmfn \npw ISambn ssInb apX Ftm
gmtWm AXv hom\mhiyamb kwJy \psS
kImv 63  
kImv
ssIhiw hcpXv Atm Xs AXv ho
\n_\v[amWv. Hcm AXv sImSpv hom da
Zm Imp\npIbmsWn AXv icnb;
FXv GsXmcmfpw kXnpXmWv. AXp
t]msesbmWv kImnt\bpw \mw ImtW
Xv.
kImv \Ip hnjbn daZm amkn
\v Xs {]tXyIXsbmpansv a\nemIp
tm daZm 27 mw cmhv ImncnpXnepw A
ansv Ffpn a\nemmhpXm
Wv. daZm 26 \v kImnsd t]cv ]dv kv
{XoI ASw sNdnbhcpw henbhcpw ]W
mcpsS hoSpI tXmdpw Ibdnbndp, Ckv
emansd ]hn{Xamb kwkvImcn\v t]mepw If
tanp hrnsI coXn Cpw ]e {]tZ
ifnepw \ne\nppv. daZm\nse ]pWyam
s {hXa\pjvTnpsImv \nlnp e
mlamb Cu coXn F{X tamisXmWv.
Ccw B`mkIcamb AhkvYbntev Ckv
emw hn`mh\w sNp kImv coXn XcwXmWp
t]mIm daZm Ccp]tgmw cmhmWv Hcp
sIms kImv sImSpt Znhkw F
D
64  
\mWbppI Hcpn Xmdmn hon F
phv CpsImSpv Ccw ZpcmNmcs
\ne \nntmcpIbpw sNbvXphcpp.
]mh\amb CkvemanI kwkvImcs IfsSp
n, DZmamb kImv hyhkvYsb aen\s
Spp Cu ZpchkvY Inpw ISp ]p
tcmlnXmcpsS au\amWv Gsd hnNn{Xw !?
\akvImcn\v \_n(

) A\phZnpIbpw t{]m
kmlnnpIbpw sNbvX amXrI ]n]n
]nIfntev \akvImcn\mbn t]mIp apkv
enw kv{XoIpw AXn\v kuIcyw sNbvXp
sImSpphpw t\sc ldmw ^Xvhbpambn
Cdph kImn\mbn hoSpsXp kv{Xo
IfptSbpw [\mUycptSbpw t\sc ISp
Xnse hntcm[m`mkhpw \mw a\nemtXm
Wv. Cu coXn \ne \nnsbn am{XamWv X
fptSbpw \ne `{ZambnocpIbpq. Fm hoSp
Ifn \npw 27 mw cmhn kImv hnlnXw X
pw e`npasm F NnbmIpw Ah
v !! Amlphnsd {]Jym]\w F{X hyIvXw:
-D .B
. 44 ,E. 6
1 .B X . 1 .B &D 

. W [1P6

2 +1 /4. 

. 1"M  .TX
D .
hnIeamb hnizmkw Nnecn \ne\npXv aq
.
. XF . . -1 K
eamWv. ]e apXemfnamcpw Av BfpI Xsd
hopapv bmNImcmbn FpXn A`nam
\w Ispp. AXn\mbn B Znhktv
(34 5$  ) 1 L  -1 1 .
1 ./1 Q
1 M
""kXyhnizmknItf, ]UnXmcnepw ]ptcmln
Xmcnepw s] [mcmfw t] P\fpsS [\w A
kImv 65  
kImv 66  
\ymbambn XnpIbpw Amlphnsd amn
\npw (Ahsc) XSbpIbpw sNpp.''1
kImv Inn
\_n(

)bpsSbpw Jpe^mDdmjnZpIfpsSbpw
Imev kwLSnX kImv ssIImcyw sNp
Xn\v {]tXyIamb NpaXeI Gns kz
lm_nIsf \apv Ncn{Xn Ism I
gnbpXmWv. DZmlcWambn A_qkCuZp
JpZvcnv()hns\ kImv ]ncnsSppXn\pw
A_qlpssdd( )hns\ kImv apX kqn
nsd Imhmc\mbpw NpaXe Gnncp
Xmbn ImWm Ignbpw.
CXn \nsmw kImv k{Zmbw kvYncambn
\n e\np kvYm]\ambn hnncpXm
bmWv a\nemIpI. ImcWw kImv kaql
n Fm Imepw hn\nabw sNstS H
mbmWv JpB\pw lZokpw ]cnNbsSpp
Xv. klmbhpw klIcWhpw Fm kabpw
Bhiyambnhcpw FXpw XaXmWsm.
AXpsImv Xs asm hnjbsf t]m
ses kImv hnXcW coXnbnepw \_n(

)
amXrI ImWnp Xnpv. AXv CkvemanI `c
Ww \nehnep {]tZiamsWn asm hnj
1
kqd Xu_: 24.
bsftmse `cWm[nImcnbpsS t\XrXzn
tem AXsn `c-Wm[nImcn \nbanphcp
sS NpaXebntem \nlnstSXmWv. C
s kmlNcyn `cWm[nImcnbpsS \nb{
Wn \nlnsncp Imcy alv I
nn t\cntm AXsn alv Inn NpaX
esSpp hyIvXnItfm BWv \nlnp
Xv. AXpsImv Xs kImv hnjbhpw alv
Inn t\cntm AXsn alv Inn Npa
XesSpphtcm AXpasn kImv hn
jbn\v am{Xambn Hcp {]tZiv {]tXyIam
bn kImv Inntbm cq]oIcnv AXnsd Io
gn \nlnsSpItbm sNptm am{X
amWv {]kvXpX hnjbnse kpv \nln
sSpXv.
Inn hntcm[nIfpw Zp\ymbfpw
kaqln asm hnjbfnse t]mse
kImv kwLSnXambn hnXcWw sNpXns\
Xncnepw Nne A]i_vZ tImdpv. A
cmcpsS hmZKXnIfpw AhbpsS kXymhkvY
bpw Fsv ]cntim[nmw.
1. CkvemanI `cWap Imev am{XamWv kw
LSnX hnXcW coXn \ne\nncpXv. Cv \p
sS \mn CkvemanI `cWanmXv sImv \ap
Xv _m[Ia.
 kImv 67  
kImv 68  

CkvemanI `cWap Imev \Ssncp "" Zm\[ (kImv) \tIXv Zcn{Zm

At\Iw hnjb Ckvemanepv. Ahbn pw AKXnIpw, AXnsd (kImXnsd) Im
s]XmWv kwLSnX \akvImcw, kwLSnX kIm cyn {]hnphpw, (Ckvemapambn)
v, hnhml-- -- hnhmltamN\ kw_\v[amb hnj a\pI CWshpw, ASnaIfpsS (tam
b, A\c kzv kw_\v[amb X N\) Imcynepw, ISwsImv hnjanph
p ]cnlmc . . . FXpt]mep pw, Amlphnsd amnepw, bm{Xmc
hnjb. Chbn kImv kw_\v[amb \pw am{XamWv. Amlphn \nv \nivNbn
hnjbv am{Xw `cW{]iv\hpw av hnj sXs{X CXv. Amlp Fmw Adnbph\pw
b alv ASnkvYm\n JXzo_v/JmZnam bpIvXnam\pamIpp''1
\nlnpIbpw sNbvXp hcpp. CXn kIm
v hnjbw am{Xw alv ASnkvYm\n JXzo kImv hn\ntbmKntXmb, kImnsd
_v/JmZnv \SnqSmXmWv FXn\v {] AhIminIsf hnhcnp apIfn ]d B
tXyIw sXfnhv Dcnm IgnbmtStmfw bn IpSpw_msc Amlp Fnbnn. A
ta ]dbs hmZw ASnkvYm\ clnXamWv. XpsImv Xs apIfn ]d hmZnsd
s]mcw hyIvXamIpXmWv. Fm IpSpw
2. hyIvXnI t\cnv \nlnptm Ahc _s klmbnWw FXv ChnsS AhKWn
hcpsS ASp IpSpw_msc ]cnKWnm\pw pn. AXn\mbn av am kzZJbpw
Ahsc {]tXyIambn klmbnm\pw km[npw. (sFOnIZm\w) klmbfpw Ckvemw \nivNbn
Inn aptJs\ kwLSnXambn \nlnptm npapv.
AXn\p Ahkcw \jvSsSpp. Hcp {]tZip ]mhshcpsS enkvn F
kImv hn\ntbmKntXv BsmsbmWv mbncpmepw ta ]dbs IpSpw_m D
FXv ]Sh Xs hyIvXamnnpv: sSmsX t]mhpIbpan. AXpsImv kwLSn
Xambn \Iptm AhcpsS AhImiw Ahcn
51 6JM`D F /. .TB6 
. . 11 ./. 1 1.. /. %.6 J4 /1 S
4 6?. 
2  .M +1 tev IrXyambn FpIbpw sNpXmWv.
-1 1
2  1 B. 1 L  -1 1. 017. . 11 6l/. f
1 6?W  017. BTF F 4?4
(60 5$  ) b1 . b1 . F L. 1 L 
. W 5R V
. 176 1
kqd Xu_ 60.
 kImv 69  
kImv 70  

IpSpw_nsd t]cv ]dv, kImv \Ip Xs \mw Ahs\ XncnphnSpXpw, \cIn

Xn \nv AIv \nm\pw BfpI ta ]d env \mw Ahs\ IcnpXpamWv. AsX{X tam
bs hmZw D]mbambn Ismdpv. iamb ]cyhkm\w''1
3. hyIvXnI t\cnv \Iptm AhIminI \_n(

)bpsS ASp Hcp kzlm_n hv tNm
v Xs IrXyambn AXv Fnp; Fv Ddv h
) \Inb a
Zn tNmZyhpw AXn\v {]hmNI(

cppIbpw kam[m\npIbpw sNmw. Fm dp]Snbpw ImWpI:
kwLSnXambn \Iptm Cns\ Hcp a\
am[m\w e`npIbn. S
4 B2
6"+
 -1 F1 -6?  R#F .

*
  0V Q
B
 .
Cu hnjbn \psS a\am[m\tam Xr]vXn B.6 -D 6? n   + 6 T/1 S 4 ,N1 . B6 76 c
. 1 F. + 6 
tbm A \mw {]m[m\ytmsS ImtWXv. adn .TF /P+1. . F B#
c
. 6 76   + 6 T/1 S 6 ,N1 . B6 76 0
2 6 + S
6 B2
D 6"+
v GsXmcp hnjbntebpw {]hmNINcy F (
H) T. 6 2 . B
. 6 .
msWv At\zjnpIbpw AXn\v FXncmIm
Xncnm {inpIbpamWv \mw sNtXv. {] A\kv() ]dbpp: \_n(

)bpsS ASp H
hmNIamXrI hyIvXambXn\v tijw hnizmkn cm hv tNmZnp""{]hmNItc, Fsd kImv
Ifmb ]qnIcpsS amw Ismgnph Xm Rm \nfpsS ZqXs\ Gnm Amlphn
sg ]dbp Bbnsd Kuchw HmpXv \ t\mSpw dkqent\mSpw B hnjbnep Fsd
mbncnpw. _m[yX \nlnsSptam ? AsX. \o AXv \
Ingnm Amlphnt\mSpw dkqent\mSpw
-1 1
. . Bk
6 BC1 $M . . g.TF / F 6

. 2 . $6 . 1 B.
1 -D F2  O
1 ?1 6IF
.. B hnjbnep \nsd _m[yX \nln
) [1. /S%.. . M T. # . 1 1 B4 . M.$6 . 1 :. 4
. 11 ,`F / sSpI Xs sNbvXp. \n\v AXnsd {]Xn^e
hpw e`npIgnp. AXn Fsnepw Xncnadn
(115 % \Snbm Ahv AXnsd Iphpw e`n
""X\nv kmw hyIvXambngn tijhpw pw.''2
Bscnepw {]hmNI\pambn FXnp \np
Ibpw kXyhnizmknIfptSXm amw ]np 1
ScpIbpw sNp ]w Ah Xncn hgnv kqd \nkmAv 115.
2
apJvXkzdv AlvaZv
kImv
kImv
4. \psS kImv hnlnXw \mw kImv In
nsb Gnm Ah AXv kzw Bhiy
nt\m AXsn Ahv Xm]cyap av
hnjbfntetm Nnehgnptam Fv \mw A
dnbpIbn. AXn\m Ah\h Xs kz
ambn \nlnm Ccw {]iv\sfmpap
mhpIbn.
- ! S7 q? 0
  S$
< 0
 -T
71  
72  
nepw Hcp hyIvXntbtbm NpaXesSpn AXv
GnpIgnm \psS DchmZnXzw \n
lnp Ignp. _mn Imcy Ahcpw ]S
h\pw Xn Bbngnp. Fmepw \_n (

)
bpw apKmanIfpw \nlnv amXrI ImWn H
cp hnjbw \psS NnIv A\pkcnv amw
hcpm \apv AhImian.
^nXz kImv
+ T7 -? g$    %G`  $ m'+ 

7 T  0V  
  
 
 S$E7 daZm Ahkm\nptXmSpIqSn apkvenwI
v \n_\v[ambnocp Zm\amWv ^nXz k
(874 : ? 168/1 0= -l %+ $') c" -P mv. km[mcW kmpt]mse kn
"" klvep_v\p A_okzmenlv()hn \nv, Rm sd tXmX\pkcn CXv IWmpI. AXp
kAZv _v\p A_ohJmkv ( )hnsd ASp
sImpXs [\nsd kmv \I _m
sNv C{]Imcw ]dp: Fsd ]ep [ [yXbnmhcpw CXv \tIXmbnhcpw.
\n\v Rm kImv \Im Dtinpp, BsmsbmWv \n_\v[apXv :
Fm BfpIfpsS AhkvY \nv Adnbm
asm. (Fmepw) \o Ahcntev Xs G]n Q1 M 6 .
. .V. . B
1 1 K
6 J1 / 6 6. Y. . 76
 1  -3 F.
2

pI. Atm Rm C_v\p Da, A_qlpssd 9 6 "6 ) 9 B

. B
o
F -: 4 6
. 9 1I 6 B 1 [. B
9 B$6 B 1 [.
d, A_q kCuZv () FnhcpsS ASp sN () . 11 BF /
. 1 6P/
3.
v (At\zjnp) Atm Ahcpw Ans\
sbmWv ]dXv. ''1
), apkvenwIfnse ASnaI, kzX{m
""\_n(

\mw kImv Inntbtbm AXsn GsX , ]pcpjm, kv{XoI Fns\ Fmhcp
sS taepw Hmtcm kzmAv (cv Intemhnt\m
1
A_m\nbpsS apJvXkdp ChmD Keo 1/168 \ : 874
kImv 73  
kImv 74  

A]w IqSpX) Imctbm _mfntbm ^nXzv hpamWv.''1 ap Nne dntmpIfn s]cpm Zn

kmv \I \n_\v[amnbncnpp.''1 hksanepw bmN\bn \nv BfpI cs
Sm thnbpw IqSnbmWv; Fpw ImWmhp
^nXzv kImv \I \n_\v[ambnocp XmWv. Fmenv ta ]d eynv t\
Xn\v {]tXyI \nkzm_v \nbnsnn. H sc hncpambn s]cpm Znhkw ^nXz kIm
cp hyIvXnbpsS hiw Xtdbpw Xm Nnehp \ n\mbn bmNnm\ndp hntcm[m`mkamWv
Im _m[yXbphcptSbpw s]cpm Znh \apv ImWm IgnbpXv ]UnXmcpw kap
ks Nnehp Ignv [\w _mn bphscmw Zmb ]cnjvImfpw CXnsXncn DWp
CXv \tIXmWv F hnjbn apkvenw {]hntImew AXn{Ianncnpp.
]VnXmv CSbn A`n{]mb hyXymkan.
FmbncnWw \tIXv:
AXmIs BsWtm s]stm hyXymkanm
sX sNdnbhpw henbhpw, ASnaIpw A_qkCuZn JpZvcnv() ]dbpp:
kzX{pw Fmhp thnbpw \I \n
_\v[amWv. 9 .K
6 B 1 [.
 1  -3 F. 617
. 6 /"+ 1 /KJ1 / 6 6. m F 1/'4 M4
B
f 9 1. B 1 [. B
9 B$6 B 1 [. B
9 1I 6 B 1 [. B

^nXzkImnsd eyw
( OJ$) K 9 ?1
B 1 [.

)]dp:
\_n(
""R {]hmNI(

) Rfnepmbncp A
1./6 56D K. p
1 76 2 . l
. . N 6D . BTK
4 1 6KJ1  6 . hkcn Hcp kzmAv hoXw `Ww, tKmXv,
(3570 :? 0= C# <  5#  
) Imc, apncn, ]mn Fnhbbn \npw
GsXnepw Hmbncpp ^nXz kImmbn \
""^nXz kImv t\mpImc\n kw`hntm InbncpX.v''2
\nSbp A\mhiyfn \npw sXpIfn \_nbpw kzlm-_nIfpw tKmXv, apncn, Cu
\npap ipoIcWhpw Zcn{Zp `W gw, ]mn Fnhsbms ^nXz km

1
A_qZmhqZv, C_v\p amP. kzlolp PmanAv en A_m\n 3570.
1 2
apkvenw apX^Jp Asseln.
kImv 75  
kImv 76  

mbn \InbncpXn\m \mnse {][m\ ` IvXn hyIvXnv sImSpp k{Zmbw Am

W km[\fmWv \tIXv F Imcyn ev ]Xnhpmbncpn.
]UnXm GIm`n{]mbmcmWv.
   - 0 -?   0V  0


`Wkm[\fpsS hne \Imtam ? < I < )
V  J   
`Wkm[\w hmnsmSpm hnizkvXcmb
hyIvXnItftbm kImv Inn `mchmlnIfn
Bscsbneptam DchmZsSpn `W hkv
Xphnsd hne ^nXzdv kImmbn \Imhp
XmWv. kImv hnXcWw sNpXn\v NpaXe
sSpn aphsc GnpXv t]mse
sbmWv CXpw IWmsSpI.
Fm AlXs BfpIv \mnse apJy
Blmc hkvXp \IpI FXmbncnWw
\mw \nlnp coXn. \psS bpIvXntbm
kpn\mbncnWw \mw {]mapJyw \Ip

) \mnse `W hkvXpfmbncp
Xv. \_n(

p ^nXz kImmbn \InbncpXv Fv l
ZokpIfneqsS \mw a\nemnbXmWv.
hnXcW coXn
ap kImpt]mses ^nXzkImpw
kwLSnXambnsbmbncpp \_nbptSbpw
kzlm_ntdbpw ]qnIcmb CamapIfptS
bpw Ime Ln hnXcWw sNbvXncpXv. hy
(2123 : ?/1 0=
) ]dbpp: dafm\nse kImv
""A_qlpssdd(
(^nXzv kImv) kqnphm \_n(

) F
s NpaXesSpn.''1
ta ]dbs lZokn A_qlpssdd( )hns\
^nXz kImv kqnm NpaXe Gnn
cpp FXn \np Xs AXv t\cs kw`
cnncpp Fpw, ^nXz kImpw hyIvXnI
t\cnv \Iembncpn Ckvemansd BZyIme
v \Snepmbncp coXn Fpw a\nem
mw. AXn\m ap kImpIsftmse ^n
Xz kImpw kwLSnXambmWv \tIXv. A
tm am{Xsa AlXsh XgbsSmXncn
m\pw IgnbpIbpq.
1
A_m\n anivImp akzm_olv 1/ \ : 2123)
 kImv 77  
kImv 78  

Ftm \IWw hnXcWw sNbvXncpXmbn lZokv {K\vY fn

ImWmhpXmWv. C_v\p Da( ) ]dbp Xv
s]cpm \akvImcn\p BfpI ]pdsSp ImWpI:

) InXv
Xn\p apmbn AXv \Im \_n (
(!')
1 B. B. B
1 B. 1 1 /KJ1 / -D B?6
. 4KBF .
apIfn sImSp lZokn \npw hyIvXamWv.
""Ah (kzlm_nI) ^nXzkImv s]cpm
1 
6  . B  2
B . . 54 F/. 86. 0
. 1T76 1 
6  -D B?6 . 2
B . fnsd Hpw cpw Znhkw appXs hnXcWw
C# <  5#   
) S 1 6? . 1 85?6 . 
. 0 . T1 76 sNmdpmbncpp.''1 kmpIsfmw ]ncns
(3570 :? 0= Spp kvYepXs hnXcWw sNm \n
tinsXn\m \mw s]cpm kabv Ign
""hhcpw (s]cpm) \akvImcn\p apv A p IqSpnSpXs sImSpemWv Da
Xv hnXcWw sNbvXm AXv ^nXz kImmbn. ambnpsXv a\nemmhpXmWv. A{]Im
Fm \akvImcn\v tijw hh\pw \Ip cw Xs ^nXzvdv kImnsd eyambn ]mh
IbmsWn AXv tIhew Hcp Zm\ambn am{Xta fpsS `Whnjbw FSpv ]dXpsImv
]cnKWn pIbpq.''1 ap hnjbtfm s]cpmfnsd `W
^nXz kImv ]mhshv s]cpmfmhiy hnjbn\v XsbmWv apKW\ \tIXv.
nv D]ImcsShn[w s]cpmfnv H Amlp \s A\p{Klns. (Bao)
tm ctm Znhkw apvXs hnXcWw sNm
hpXmWv. AlXshcpsS hoSpIfntev F      ! 
 
 
 

nphm AXv BhiyamWpXm\pw. daZm\nse
GXp Znhkhpw AXv \ImsaImcyw Camw \
hhn(::) tcJsSpnbnpv (idlp apl _v).
amkndhn Ddmbm am{Xta sImSpp IqSq
Fn. kzlm_nI s]cpmfnp app Xs
1
A_qZmhqZv, C_v\p amP. kzlolp PmanAv en A_m\n 3570.
1
_pJmcn.
kImv 79  
kImv 80  

DSw
hnjbw t]Pv Hm^okv ]pdndnb
BapJw "# $ 1 aebmf ]pkvXI
kImv 4
kImv ]q kapZmbfn 5 \ hnjbw C\w
kImv \n_\v[amWv 7
kImv \Imhp XmoXv 11
1 kXyntep ]mX cN\
kImv hfp kKpW 17 2 aplZv\_n(k)Ncn{Xkw{Klw ,,
BmWv \n_\v[w 19 3 Xncp \_n(k)bpsS IqsS ,,
kImpw sImw XnIbepw 23 4 lmPnamcpsS ]mtYbw ,,
kImv \n_\v[ap C\ 24 5 sshhmlnI \nba ,,
\mWbnsd kImv 26
IrjnbpsS kImv 30 6 lpw Dwdbpw hnh\w
IhSnsd kImv 35 7 Alveppnh PamA: ,,
ImenIfpsS kImv 35 8 hnizmk Zo]vXn ,,
\n[n e`nm 37 9 Ccpfpw shfnhpw ,,
B`cWnsd kImv 37 10 PpapA; hn[nIfpw acymZIfpw
kImnsd AhIminI 46
,,
Fns\ \IWw 51
kwLSnX kImv t\ 54
kImv ZmXmv {]mn 59
kImpw daZm\pw 61
kImv Inn 65
^nXz kImv 72
kImv 81  
kImv 82  

Hm^okv ]pdndnb aebmf eLpteJI

\ hnjbw C\w
1 anv kwkvIcWw cN\
2 lmPnamsmcp amtcJ ,,
3 \akvImcnsd {]m[m\yw ,,
4 Ckvemw {]IrXn aXw ,,
5 \ymbhn[n \m ,,
6 apldnsd {]m[m\yw ,,
7 {]hmNI kvt\lw ,,
8 {]hmNI(k) ]Tnn t\mv ,,
9 dP_v amkhpw A\mNmcfpw ,,
10 iA_m\pw A\mNmcfpw ,,
11 DwdbpsS cq]w ,,
12 \_n(k)bpsS \akvImcw ,,
13 Zplnsd t{ijvTXI hnh\w
14 Xhp ,,
15 hnizmk]camb XmoXpI ,,
16 tcmKnbpsS \akvImcw ,,
17 XuloZpw ilmZv Ienabpw ,,
18 IfpsS t{ijvTXI ,,
19 kp{][m\ ^XvhI ,,