\a-kvImcw 43

\o \evIn-bn-p--Xn F\nv _d-

Iv sNt-Wta!
\o hn[n- n- p \mi- n\np
Fs \o Imp cn-t-Wta!
\n-b-ambpw \o hn[n-pp
\ns ta hn[n--s-Sp-I-bn.
\nbw, \ny-\m-hn,
\o kvt\lw ]pen-b-h
(\o Bcp-ambn kvt\lw ]pep-pthm Ah \ny-\m-bn-o-cp-I-bn.)

\o Bcp-ambn i{XpX ]pentbm

Ah {]Xm-]-hm-\m-hp-I-bp-an
\o A\p-{Klw XnI--h
\o D-X-\m-bn-p--h
apl-Zv \_n(k)v \o KpWw
sNt- W ta!
apkv e nw- I v h B]pw kw`- h n- p- s Im- n- c n- p- t m
Ap ka-bs ^Zp \a-kvIm-c--fnepw Jp\qv HmXp-Xv \-
Xm-Ipp.

\a-kvImcw _mXzn-em-p kwK-Xn-I

\a- k v I mcw _mXzn- e m- I p- I - s b- m AXv icn- b m- h m- X n- c n- pI
FY- a m- I pp. Hcn- \a- k v I - c n- Xv icn- b m- h msX hm
hopw \a-kvI-cn- \n_--amWv.
\a-kvImcw icn-bm-hp--Xn-\p Nne \n_--\-I (ip-
I) \n ]Tn-p-htm. B ip-I-fn GsX-n-ep-samv Cm-
Xm-bm \a-kvImcw _mXzn-em-Ip--XmWv.
AXp- t ]m- s e- s \a- k v I m- c - n Ds- S m h {]hr-
nbpw XpS-bmbpw A[n-I-ambpw sNp--Xp-sImpw \a-kvImcw
_mXzn-emIpw. Jp-B, ZnIvdv, ZpB Fn-h-b-msX ap h hmp-
Ifpw D-cn-mepw \a-kvImcw _mXzn-em-Ip--XmWv. AXm-bXv c-
-ctam AYw [z\n-p Hc--ctam D-cn-m \a-kvImcw apdn-
44 \a-kvImcw

p- t ]mIpw. \a- k vIm- c - n Xnp- I tbm IpSn- p- I tbm

sNbvXmepw \a-kvImcw icn-bm-hp-I-bn. Hcm \a-kvI-cn-p--Xn-
\n-S-bn, Xm \a-kvImcw apdn-p-I-bm-sWp Icp-Xn-bm \a-
kvImcw apdnp t]mIp--XmWv. dpIq-Av, kpPqZv Fn-s\ \a-
kvIm-c-n sNp ^Zp-I-fn hXpw a\x-]qhw A[n-I-ambn
sNbvXmepw \a-kvImcw apdn-p-t]m-Ip--XmWv.

adhn Imc-W-ap kpPqZv ( )

Icp-Xn-qn sNbvXm \a-kvImcw _mXzn-em-Ip Hcp Imcyw adv
sNbvXp-t]m-bm klvhns kpPqZv sNp-Xv kp-m-Ipp.
adhn \nanw Dmb \yq\-Xv Hcp ]cn-lm-c-am-bn-mWv AXv sNp-
Xv. Xi-lvlpZpw ZpBbpw Ign--tijw kemw sNmp--Xnp
apmbn cp kpPqZv sNp--Xn-\mWv klvhns kpPqZv Fp
]d-bp-Xv.
Hcm ad-p-sImv, cp {]mhiyw "dpIq-Av' sNp-Itbm \mep
dIv - A - p \a- k v I mcw Ap dIv - A v \a- k v I - c n- p- I tbm
sNbvXp Fp hnNm-cn-pI. Fn Abm klvhns kpPqZv
sNp-Xv kp-mWv. \mep dIv-A-p \a-kvIm-c-ns Ah-
km- \ - n, "Xm \a- k v I - c n- Xv aqp dIv - A tm \mep dIv -
Atm' Fv Hcm-p kwibw tXmn-sb-n Abm Hcp dIv-
A- p- I qSn \a- k v I - c n- t - Xv \n_- - a m- I pp. Ah- k m\w
Abm klv h ns kpPqZv sNp- Xv kp- mWv . Hcm
BZys A-ln-mv t_m[-]qhw Dt]-n-m \a-kvImcw
_mXzn-em-hp-I-bn. Fn-cp-mepw AXp adtm Icp-Xn-q-ntbm
Dt]-n-m Abmfpw klvhns kpPqZv sNWw. AXv kp-
mWv .
Fv klvhns kpPq-Zn sNmp-Xv
kp-m-Ipp; ""Dd-hpw ad-hn-bp-an-m--h-\mb Amlp ]cn-
ip-'' Fp kmcw.

Hmns kpPqZv ( )
Jp-B HmXp-tm kpPqZv sN kp-m-bn-p Nne Bb-
p-I-fpv. B Bb-p-I HmXp-Itbm HmXp-Xv tIp-Itbm
sNbvXm Hcp kpPqZv sN kp-m-Ipp. DZm-l-c-W-ambn,
shn- b mgv N kp_v l v \a- k v I m- c - nse BZys dIv - A - n
F kqdv HmXp-Xv kp-mWv. AXn kpPq-Zns
Bbv Dv . kpPq-Zns Bbv HmXn-bm kpPqZv sNWw.
B kpPq-Zn-tev Ip\n-bp-tm Fp sNmWw, B kpPq-
\a-kvImcw 45

Zn Cs\ sNm-Ww:

Fs apJw kmjvSmwKw sNbvXn-cn-pp.

AXns\ krjvSn--hv
AXns\ cq]-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvX-hv
AXns tIhnbpw ImgvNbpw ]nfp
Xcp-Ibpw sNbvX-hv
Ahs Ign-hp-sImpw in-sImpw
BI-bm Amlp hfsc A\p-{K-l-ap--h
Ghpw \ {kjvSm-hm-b-h
(Fs apJw CXm kmjvSmwKw sNbvXn-cn-pp, kzw Ign-hp-sImpw
in-sImpw AXns\ krjvSn-p-Ibpw cq]-s-Sp-p-Ibpw AXns
tIhnbpw ImgvNbpw ]nfp Xcp-Ibpw sNbvX-hv. BI-bm Ghpw
\ {kjvSm-hmb Amlp F{Xbpw A\p-{K-l-ap--h-\m-Ipp.)
kpPq-Zns Bb-p-I GsX-m-am-sWv \nv ]noSv
]Tnmw. Pam-A-mbn \a-kvI-cn-p-tm Camw Hmns kpPqZv
sNbvXm "aAvaqw' AtXm-sSmw kpPqZv sNWw. Camw Hmns
kpPqZv sNbvXn-s-n aAvaqw Hv kpPqZv sN-cpXv.
sNp-tm ipn-bp-m-bn-cn-p-Ibpw Jn_vesb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-p-
Ibpw thWw. AXp hfsc D-a-am-Ipp.

kwL-SnX \a-kvImcw ( )
apkvenw-I Ah-c-h-cpsS {]tZ-iv Ap ka-b-s ^Zv \a-
kv I m- c - Pam- A - mbn A\p- j v T np t]mtc- - X m- I pp. Hcp
t\Xm-hns ]nn Hcp-anp tNp kwL-Sn-X-ambn \a-kvI-cn-p-
-Xn-mWv Pam-Av \a-kvImcw Fp ]d-bp-Xv. apkvenw-I
A[n-h-kn-p Fm {]tZ-i--fnepw Pam-Av \a-kvImcw \ne-
\nn-tm-tc-Xv Ah-cpsS kmaq-lnI IS-a-bmWv. Hcn-Sv cp
t]cm-Wp--sX-n Hcm Camapw as-bm aA-vaqapw Bbn-smv
\a-kvI-cn--Ww. Hcp Camapw Hcp aA-vaqapw am{X-am-Wp--sX-nepw
Pam-Av \a-kvImcw Fp ]dbmw. Pam-Av \a-kvImcw apkvenw-
46 \a-kvImcw

I-fn kwL-S-\m-t_m[w Dd-n-p-hm D]-I-cn-p--XmWv.

Pam- A p \a- k v I m- c - n ]s- S p- Ghpw ]pWy- a mb
Imcy-am-Ipp. Pam-A-m-bn-sm-p \a-kvImcw Hv \a-kvI-
cn-p--Xn-s\-m Ccp-]-t-gn-cn t{ijvT-am-bn-p--Xm-Ipp.
Camw kemw sNmn \a-kvIm-c-n\np Hgn-hm-Ip--Xn\p apv
Ftmgpw Cam-an-t\mSv XpS-cm-hp--XmWv. Ftm XpSmepw Pam-
A-n ]s-Sp ]pWyw e`n-p--XmWv. Fm Camw XIv_o-
d-p Clvdmw sNmp-tm Xs XpS-cp-Ibpw \a-kvImcw apgp-
h Pam-A-mbn tNp \nh-ln-p-Ibpw sNp--XmWv Daw.
Camw XIv_o-d-Xp Clvdmw sNmp--Xn\p apmbn aAvaqw
XIv_o-d-p Clvdmw sNmm ]mSn. Cam-ans Ne-\--sf-m
aAvaqw Hcn-epw apI-Sp t]mI-cpXv. \a-kvImcw Ign-bp-Xv hsc
Cam-ans Ne-\--fpsS ]nmse \on-sm-n-cnWw. Camw
BZys kemw sNmnb tijta aAv a qw kemw sNmm
]mSpq. Cam-an-t\mSv XpSp-sIm-p \a-kvImcw icn-bm-Ip--
Xn-\p \n_--\-I Xmsg tNpp:
1. Cam-an-t\mSv XpSv \a-kvI-cn-p-I-bm-sWv aAvaqw Icp-XpI.
Cam-ans\ kw_-n-t-S-tmfw Xm Cam-am-sWv \nv sNbvXn-
s-nepw hntcm-[-an. Fnepw As\ \nv sNp-Xp \-
Xm-Ipp. ]t, PpapAx \a-kvIm-c-n-em-sW-n Xm Cam-am-
sWp Icp-tX-Xv \n_--am-Ipp.
2. aAvaqw Cam-an-s\-m apnp \nevm-Xn-cn-pI. AXm-bXv,
aA-vaq-ans aS-p-Im Cam-ans aS-p-Im-en-s\-m apn-tm-I-
cpXv. aAvaqw Hcm am{X-am-sW-n Cam-ans he-Xp-`m-Kv Aev]w
]nn \nevp--Xm-Wp-aw. ]ns HcmIqSn hm Abm
Cam-ans ]nd-In CSXp `mK-p-\nv XIv_o sNmWw. tijw
cp-t]cpw ]ntmv hv Cam-ans ]nn tXmtfm-Sp-tXm tNp
\nevp-Ibpw thWw. Ahv ]ntmv \om kuI-cy-an-s-n
Camw aptmp Ib-dn-\nv sImSp-Ww.
3. Camapw aA-vaqapw Hcn-S-m-bn-cn-pI. AXm-bXv, Xosc ths
cv e-m-hm-Xn-cn-pI.
4. aA-vaq-an\v Cam-ans Ne-\- Adn-bp-hm km[n-pI. aAvaq-
ap-I-fpsS Ne-\- Ip-sImtm i_vZw tIp-sImtm Adn-
bm km[n-mepw aXn-bm-Ip--XmWv.
5. Cam-ans {]h-\--tfmSv {Iaw sXmsX XpS-cpI. DZm-l-
c-W-ambn, Hcp- \a-kvIm-c-n cm-as dIv-A-n
\a-kvImcw 47

XpSp Fp hnNm-cn-pI. Camw cm-as dIv-Av Ignv

BZys A-ln-m-n-n-cn-p-tm Ah\pw Cam-an-t\mSv IqsS
Ccn-Ww. AXm-bXv Ah Xs \a-kvIm-c-ns {Iaw ]men-
-cp-Xv. adnv Cam-ans \a-kvIm-c-ns {Iaw ]menp ]qW-
ambn XpSp-sIm-Sp-Ww.
6. Cam-an-s\-m cv {]hr-n-sImv a\x-]qhw apn-tm-
hm-Xn-cn-pI. DZm-l-c-W-ambn, Camw HmXn-smv \nevp-tm
aAvaqw dpIqDw CA-vn-Zmepw sNbvXv kpPq-Zn-tev \opp Fp
hnNm-cn-pI. Fn aA-vaq-ans \a-kvImcw _mXzn-em-Ip--XmWv.
Adn-hn-m--Xp-sImv apn-tm-bm \a-kvImcw _mXzn-em-hp-I-
bn. ad- p- s Im- m- b mepw _mXzn- e m- h p- I - b n. ]t, Abm
hopw ]ntmp aSn B cp ^Zp-I hopw Cam-an-t\mSp
IqsS sNWw.
Hcp {]hr-n-sImv Cam-an-s\-m apn-tm-bm \a-kvImcw
_mXzn- e m- h p- I - b n- s - nepw AXv {Ia- t - S m- I - b m a\x- ] qhw
As\ sNp-Xv Ip-I-c-am-Ipp.
7. ImcWw IqSmsX cp {]hr-n-sImv Cam-an-s\-m ]nn-
tm-Im-Xn-cn-pI. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Camw dpIqDw CA-vXn-Zmepw Ignv
kpPq-Zn-tev \op-tm aAvaqw dpIq-C-tev Ip\n-bpI t]mepw
sNmsX \nevp-I-bm-sWv hnNm-cn-pI. bmsXmcp Imc-Whpw
IqSmsX Cs\ sNbvXm \a-kvImcw _mXzn-emIpw. AXn-\m
Atm-f-tlw Cam-ap-ambn hnp-]n-cnp Fp IcpXn kzX-{-\mbn
\a- k v I - c n- Ww. Fm Imc- W - a p- s - n AXp- s Imv \a-
kvImcw _mXzn-em-hp-I-bn. DZm-l-c-W-ambn Hcp aA-vaq-an\v hfsc
kmh-[m-\-nte HmXm km[n-p-I-bpq Fp hnNm-cn-pI.
Abm ^mnl HmXn--gn--tm-tgpw Camw kpPq-Zn-tev
Ip\n-m \a-kvImcw _mXzn-em-hp-I-bn. ]t, Camw cm-
as kpPq-Zn\nv Db-cp--Xn\p apmbn aAvaqw dpIq-C-tev
t]mIWw. As-n Abmv Cam-ap-ambn thsv kzX-{-ambn
\a-kvI-cn-tn hcp--XmWv. AXp-a-s-n Camw Fgp-t-p-h-
-tijw \ndp--n XpSp-t]mImw. ]t, Hgn-p-t]mb dIv-
Av Cam-ans kem-an-p-tijw ]qn-bm-tn hcpw.
8. Cam-an-sbpw aA-vaq-an-sbpw \a-kvImcw BIr-Xn-bn tbmPn-
-Xm-bn-cn-pI. BIr-Xn-bn hyXym-k-s-m {]hr-n-I-fn- XpS-
cp-hm km[n-p-I-bn-tm. DZm-l-c-W-ambn, anv \a-kvI-cn-p-
-h-t\mSv fplv \a-kvI-cn-p--h XpS-cp-Xv icn-bm-hp-I-bn.
Camapw Pam-A-p-ambn \a-kvI-cn-p-tm ta]-d \n_-
48 \a-kvImcw

-\-I kqn-p-sIm-Ww. A{]-Im-cw-Xs aA-vaq-ambn \a-kvI-

cn-p--h-t\mSv XpS-cp-hm ]mSn. Cam-ans \a-kvImcw "kzlolv'
As- - d n- n- p- s - n B Cam- a n- t \mSpw XpS- c p- h m ]mSn.
sshIn-hp XpS-h Camw dpIq-C-tep t]mIm ASp-n-cn-
p- p- s hp Im XIv _ o- d - p Clv d mw sNmnb DSt\
"^mXnl' am{Xw HmXp-I-bmWv thXv. Abm-fpsS ^mXnl ]qn-
bm-Ip--Xn\p apmbn Camw dpIq-C-tep \on-bm Cam-ans
IqsS dpIq-C-tep t]mIWw. ^mXnl ]qn-bm-bn-n-s-nepw
B dIv-Av Inp--XmWv. AXp-t]m-se-s Cam-an-t\m-Sp-IqsS
dpIq-C XpS-cp-Ibpw Camw Db-cp--Xn-\p-apv dpIq-C Aev]w AS-
p-Ibpw sNbvXm B dIv-Av Inp--XmWv. Inm-sX-tmb dIv-
Av Cam-ans kem-an-\p-tijw ]qn-bm-Ww.

Npcpn \a- k v I - c n- epw Iqn \a- k v I - c n-

epw
( )
Znh-tk\ Ap ka-bs \a-kvIm-c- AXXv ka-bv IrXy-
ambn A\p-jvTn- \n_--am-sWv \n {Kln-p-htm. Hmtcm
\a-kvIm-c-n-sbpw dIv-A-p-I-fpsS Fhpw \n-dnbmw.
Fm \apv Nne-tm bm{X sNt--Xmbn hcp-atm. Atm
\apv Hmtcm \a-kvIm-chpw IrXy-k-a-bv \a-kvI-cn-m hnj-a-
am-bn-cnpw. bm{X-bn \apv ]e-tmgpw hfsc oWhpw Aku-
I-cyhpw t\cn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw. AXn-\m Npcpn \a-
kvI-cn-p-hm\pw Iqn \a-kvI-cn-p-hm\pw \apv Zo\n A\p-hmZw
\evIn-bn-cn-pp. CXv \apv Am-lp-hns Imcp-Wy-am-Ipp.
\mev dIv-A-p \a-kvImcw cv dIv-A-mbn Npcp-p--Xn-
\mWv ChnsS "Npcpn \a-kvI-cn-pI' Fp ]d-n-p-Xv. CXnv
Fp ]d-bpp. , , Fo \mep dIv-A-p-I-fp
\a-kvIm-c-tf Bp-hm ]mSpq.
A{]-Imcw Xs fplvdns\ Akz-vdn-tev ]nn-p-Itbm A-
kzvdns\ fplvdn-tev apn-p-Itbm sNmw. aKvcn-_ns\ Cim-C-
tev ]nn- p- I tbm Cim- C s\ aKv c n- _ n- t ev apn- p- I tbm
sNmw. CXn-mWv "Iqn \a-kvI-cn-pI' Fp ChnsS ]d-n-p-
Xv. CXn\v Fp ]d-bpp.
ITn-\-amb tcmKw Imc-W-ambpw Bn \a-kvI-cn-m-hp-
\a-kvImcw 49

XmWv .
PwDw Jkv d p- a mbn \a- k v I - c n- p- t m BZys \a- k v I m- c -
n- X s \nv sNWw. ]nnp PwAv Bp- t m
BZys \a-kvIm-c-ns ka-b-am-bm PwAv Bp-I-bm-sWv
Icp-tX--XmWv. fplvdpw Akzvdpw Xn apntm ]nntm Iqn
\a-kvI-cn-p-I-bm-sW-n BZyw fplvdpw ]ns Akzvdpw \a-kvI-
cn-Ww. aKvcn_pw CimDw apntm ]nntm Iqn \a-kvI-cn-p-
I-bm-sW-n BZyw aKvcn_pw ]ns CimDw \a-kvI-cn-Ww.

PpapAx ( )
apkvenw-I-fmb \apv shn-bmgvN hfsc {][m-\-am-Ipp. shn-
bmgvN fplv ka-bv PpapAx \a-kvIm-chpw JpXp-_xbpw \ne
\nt-Xv \n_--amWv. kzX-{-cmb Fm ]pcp-j-mpw
PpapAx \n_--am-Ipp. tcmKw sImtm atm XS--ap--hpw
bm{X- mpw \n_- - a n. AXp- t ]mse kv { XoIpw Ipn-
Ipw \n_--an. kuI-cy-ap-s-n kv{XoIv Ppap-Ax-
bn ]s-Spmw. Ipn-I Ppap-Ax-bn ]s-Spv ioen-t-Xv
hfsc Bh-iy-am-Ipp.
Ppap-Axv t]mbm AhnsS \S-p kwK-Xn-Ifpw A\p-jvTn-
t apd-Ifpw Npcpn hnh-cnmw:
shn-bmgvN Ppap-Axv ]n-bn t]mIp--Xn\p apv Ipfn-
p-Xv _e-amb kp-m-Ipp. Ipfnv hrn-bmbn \ hkv{X-
[cnv kpK--{Z-hy--fp-]-tbm-Kn-p-sImv ]n-bn t]mIp-
Xv hfsc ]pWy-am-Ipp. fplvdns ka-b-am-Ip--Xn\p Iptd apm-
bn-s ]n-bn-tev ]pd-s-Sp-I-bm-sW-n AXv hfsc D-a-
am-Ipp. ]n-bn t]mIp-tm \ AS-hpw HXp-hpw thWw.
hymgmgvN AkvX-an tijw XpS-p shn-bm-gvN-bpsS cm{Xn-
bnepw ]I- e nepw kqd- X p Ilv ^ v HmXp- Xpw A[n- I - a - [ nIw
kzemv sNmp-Xpw hfsc ]pWy-am-Ipp. ]n-bn {]th-in-
m Ccn-p--Xn\p apmbn cp dIv-Av \a-kvI-cn-p-
Xv kp-mWv. tijw ]Xps Jp-B HmXpI, kzemv
sNmpI, ZpB sNpI apX-emb km-cy--fn Gs-p-sIm-
n-cn-Ww. CsXmw ]pWy-ap Imcy--fm-Ipp.
s ka-b-am-bm Camw an-dn Ib-dn-\nv \S-t-
-XmWv. JpXp-_x-bpsS AYw {]kwKw Fpw an-dns AYw
{]kw-K-]oTw Fp-am-Ipp.
JpXp-_-xbn BZy-ambn Am-lp-hns\ kvXpXn-p-Ibpw tijw
50 \a-kvImcw

kzemv sNmp-Ibpw Am-lp-hns \nb-a-sf kqnp Pohn-

p-hm Bh-iy-amb D]-tZiw \evIp-Ibpw sNpp. Cs\ Camw
XpS-bmbn cp JpXp_x \S-p-Xpw cp JpXp-_x-In-S-
bn Aev]-k-abw Ccn-p--Xp-amWv.
, , sImp D]-tZiw, cm-semcp JpXp-_-xbn
Hcp Bbv HmXpI, cmw JpXp-_-bn apA-van-\p-I-fpsS \-p-
thn {]mYn- pI CsXm- s - b mWv JpXp- _ - b psS ^Zp- I .
, , sbp-dn D]-tZiw Fnh cv JpXp-_-bnepw
Dm-hWw. JpXp_x HmXp-tm JXo-_n\v ipn-bp-m-bn-cn--
Ww. JXo_v Hudv ad-n-cn-p-Ibpw thWw. As-n JpXp_
icn-bm-hp-I-bn. JXo_v hfsc Apw Ah--bp-ap hkv{X-
[cn-p-Xv D-a-am-Ipp.
"JpXp_' XpS-n-bm AXn ]d-bp Imcy- {inp tIp-
sIm-n-cn-Ww. bmsXmpw kwkm-cn-m ]mSn. \mw Pohn-X-
n kZm kqn-t Imcy--fmWv JXo_v D]-tZ-in-pI.
AXv {Kln-m-Xn-cp-m JpXp-_x-bpsS Dt-iyhpw ^ehpw \jvS-
s-Sp--XmWv.
JpXp_ Ign tijw PpapAx \a-kvImcw XpS-t--XmWv.
AXv cv dIv-A-m-Ipp. PpapAx \a-kvIm-c-n Camapw Pam-
Apw \n_--amWv. AXm-bXv, Npcp-n-bXv Hcp dIv-A-s-nepw
Cam-an-t\mSv IqsS XpSp-sImv \a-kvI-cn-m km[n-Ww.
"PpapAx \a-kvImcw Cam-an-t\mSp XpSp \a-kvI-cn-pp'shp
aAvaqw \nv sNt--Xm-Wv. Xm Cam-ambn \a-kvI-cn-p-p-
shv Camapw \nv sNWw. Cs\ \nv sN Cam-
anp Ppap-Ax-bn \n_--am-sWv \n app a\-n-em-n-
bn-p-tm.
PpapAx \a-kvIm-c-n Camw ^mXn-lxbpw kqdpw Dds
HmtX--XmWv. aAvaqw ]Xps ^mXnlx HmXp-Ibpw tijw Cam-
ans Hmv {inp tIp-I-bp-amWv thXv.
fplv d ns tij- a p kpv \a- k v I mcw Ppap- A x- b psS
tijhpw kp-m-Ipp.
apkvenw-I Cs\ PpapAx \ne-\nn-tm-cp--Xn-\m Ah-
cn ssZh-`-nbpw sFIy-t_m-[hpw hf-cp--XmWv.

cv s]cp-m \a-kvIm-c- ( )
Ckvem-an cp s]cp-m BtLm-j--fm-Wp-Xv. Hv, da-Zm
\a-kvImcw 51

{hXw ]qn-bm-b-Xn-s\-p-Sv im Hmw Xn-Xn-bm-Ipp.

CXnv Fp ]d- b pp. t\mp apdn- p s]cp- m
FYw. CXnp sNdnb s]cp-m Fpw ]d-bm-dpv. cv,
Zplv ]mw Xn-Xn-bm-Ipp. CXv lv ]qn-bm-b-Xn-
s\-p-Sp--XmWv. CXnv (_en s]cp-m) Fpw
]d-bpp. Cu kpZn-\-n Am-lp-hns t]cn arK-sf _en-
I-gn-pp. AXp-sIm-mWv CXns\ _en s]cp-m Fpw ]d-
bp-Xv. CXnp henb s]cp-m Fpw ]d-bm-dpv. Ckvem-an
s]cp- m- f m- t Lm- j - ns apJy- a mb hiw "s]cp- m \a-
kv I mc'amIpp. cv s]cp- m \a- k v I mcw \ne- \ n- d p- t - Xv
apkvenw-I-fpsS s]mXp IS-a-bmWv. s]cp-m \a-kvIm-chpw JpXp-
_xbpw Xpd ssaXm-\n-bn BIp-Xv D-a-am-Ipp. AXn
kv{XoIfpw Ipn-I-fp-sams ]s-Sp-p-Xpw \-XmWv.
s]cp- m \a- k v I mcw PpapAx t]mse cv dIv - A - mWv .
]t, s]cp- m- f ns JpXp_x \a- k v I m- c - n\p tij- a m- I pp.
s]cp-m \a-kvImc kabw \a-kvIm-c-ns ka-b-amWv.
s]cp-m \a-kvIm-c-nse BZys dIv-A-n s
tijw Ggp XIv_odpw cm-as dIv-A-n-tev Fgp-t-p-\n
DSt\ Ap XIv _ odpw sNmp- Xv kp- m- I pp. Hmtcm
XIv_o sNmp-tmgpw XIv_o-d-Xp Clvdmw sNmp-tm sNp-
-Xp-t]mse apssI cpw Dbn-b-tijw Xmgvn-sh-Ww.
Hmtcm XIv_o- d ns tijhpw,
Fp sNmp-Xv \-Xm-Ipp.
XIv_o-d-Xp Clvdm-ans tijhpw Ah-km-\s XIv_o-dnp
tijhpw CXv sNmt--Xn. Ah-km-\s XIv_o sNmnb
DSt\ ^mnlx HmXp-I-bmWv thXv . ^mn-lx-bpsS tijw
BZys dIv - A - n bpw cm- a s dIv - A - n
bpw HmXp-Xv kp-mWv.

{KlW \a-kvImcw ( )
A]qhw Nne k`--fn kqcy-s\bpw N{-s\bpw {KlWw
_m[n-m-dpv. AXv Am-lp-hns ZrjvSm--am-Ipp. kqcy-s\tbm
N{-s\tbm {KlWw _m[n-m cv dIv-Av \a-kvI-cn-Ww.
]n-bn Hcp-an-p-IqSn Pam-A-mbn \a-kvI-cn--bm-Wp-aw.
{Kl-W-\-a-kvIm-c-n Hmtcm dIv-A-nepw cp {]mhiyw
dpIq-Av sNp-Xv kp-m-Ipp.
Hmtcm dIv-A-nepw ^mn-lx-bpsS tijw Jp-B-\n\nv
52 \a-kvImcw

GsX-nepw `mKw HmXWw. {Kl-W-\-a-kvIm-c-n Dds HmXm-

hp--XmWv. s]cp-m \a-kvImcw t]mse-s {KlW \a-kvIm-
c-n\p tijhpw Camw {]kwKw sNWw.

agsb tXSp \a-kvImcw ( )

ag-bn-msX hnj-an-p-tm ag hjn-np Xcp-hm thn Am-
lp- t hmSv {]mYn- m {]tXy- I - a m- b n- p \a- k v I m- c - n- mWv
(agsb tXSp \a-kvImcw)Fp ]d-bp-Xv. AXv cv
dIv-A-m-Ipp. P\- Am-lp-thmSv amv tNmZn-p-sImpw
]m- - ] np aS- n- s mpw Hcp ssaXm- \ - ntem As- n
]n-bntem Hcp-an-p-IqSn Pam-A-mbn \a-kvI-cn-p-Xv Ghpw
D-a-am-Ipp. kqd-p ^mn-l-xbpsS tijw BZys dIv-
A- n F kqdpw cm- a s dIv - A - n
F kqdpw HmXWw. Cu \a- k v I m- c - nepw
Dds HmXp-Xv kp-m-Ipp. \a-kvI-cnp Ign-m Camw
{]kw-Kn-Ww. {]kw-K-n Camw {]mYn-p-tm Fm-hcpw
"Bao' sNmWw. {]kw- K - s - p- S v Camapw as- m- h cpw
"Jn_ve'bpsS `mK-tv Xncnp ico-c-n-ep X-ns he-
Xp-`mKw CS-tmpw CS-Xp-`mKw he-tm-p-amn amn-bn-Sp-Ibpw
ssI Dbn {]mYn-p-Ibpw thWw. ag hjn-np Xcp-hm-\mbn
Imcp-Wy-hm-\mb Am-lp-thmSv hfsc hn\o-X-cmbn {]mYn-t--
XmWv .

anv \a-kvImcw
ac-W-s BfpsS KpW-n\p thn _mn-bp--h sNp al-
mb Hcp Ia-am-Ipp anv \a-kvImcw. AXns apJy-amb
hiw an-n-\p-th-n-bp {]mY-\-bmWv.
anv \a-kvIm-c-ns ^Zp-I Xmsg hnh-cn-pp.
1. \nv. C an-n\p thn-bp \a-kvImcw \nh-ln-
p-p-shv Icp-XpI.
2. \nevm km[n-p--h \nevpI.
3. \a-kvIm-c-n {]th-in-p-hm-\p XIv_o DssS \mep
XIv_o sNmpI.
4. Hm-as XIv_o-dns tijw kqd-p ^mnl HmXpI.
cmw XIv_o-dn\p tijw kzemv sNmpI. km[m-cW \a-kvIm-
c-n s tijw sNmp kzemv \n {Kln-n-p-
\a-kvImcw 53

tm. B kzemv sNmp--XmWv Daw.

5. aqm-as XIv_o-dns tijw an-n\v thn {]mYn-
pI.
6. \mem-as XIv_o-dns tijw kemw sNmpI.
Fp sNmp-Xv D-a-am-Ipp.
aqm-as XIv_o-dn-\p-tijw an-n\p thn {]mYn--W-
sap ]d-p-htm. Cu hnj-b-I-ambn \_n-bn\nv tcJ-s-Sp-
n-bn-p Hcp {]mY\ NphsS tNpp.

Am- l pth!
Ct-l-n\v(Cu an-n\v) \o s]mdp-p-sIm-Sp-t-Wta!
Ct-l-n\p \o IcpW sNt-Wta!
Ct-l-n\p \o hnp-hogvN sNt-Wta!
Ct-l-n\p \o kuJyw \evtI-Wta
Ct-ls BZ-c-]qhw k-cn-t-Wta!
Ct-l-ns {]th-i-\-ew hnim-e-s-Sp-t-Wta!
Ct-ls IgpIn ipn-bm-t-Wta!
shw-sImv
ap-shw sImpw
Ben-gw sImpw
\o Ct-ls ipn-bm-t-Wta!
sXp-I-fn\nv
Agp-n\nv sh-hkv{Xw
ipn-bm-p--Xp-t]mse.
54 \a-kvImcw

Ct-l-n\p \o ]Icw \evtI-Wta!

Ct-l-ns (Cl-nse)
hoSn-s\-m D-a-amb Hcp `h\w
Ct-l-ns (Cl-nse)
IpSpw-_-t-m D-a-amb IpSpw-_-sbpw
Cl-nse kJn-sb-m D-ab
- mb kJn-sbbpw
\o Ct-ls kzK-n {]th-in-n-t-Wta!
J_vdnse in-bn\npw
\c-I-in--bn\npw Ct-ls c-s-Sp-t-Wta
\mem-as XIv_o-dn-\p-tijw kemw sNmp--Xn\p apmbn
Xmsg tNp {]mY\ kp-m-Ipp:

Am- l pth!
Ct-l-n\v thn {]mYn--Xns {]Xn-
^ew Rv \o Xcm-Xn-cn--cptX!
Ct-l-n\p tijw Rsf \o
]co--W-n B-cptX!
Rpw Ct-l-n\pw \o s]mdpp
Xtc- W ta!
\a-kvImcw 55

A\p- _ w

Am-lp-hns \ma-n
]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I
Icp-Wm-\n[n
kh-kvXp-Xnbpw Am-lp-hn\v
kh-temI \mY-\mb
]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I\pw Icp-Wm-\n[nbpw
DSa
{]Xn-^e Zn\-ns
\n\p am{Xw R C_m-Zp sNpp
\ntmSv am{Xw R klmbw tXSpp
\o Rsf \bn-t-Wta
sNmmb hgn-bn
\o A\p-{K-ln--h-cpsS hgn-bn
tIm]-n-\n-c-bm-b-h-cp-tS-X-m
ZpamKn-I-fp-tS-Xp-a-m (hgn-bn)
""]ca Imcp-Wn-I\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-amb Am-lp-hns \ma-n.
kh-temI \mY-\mb Am-lp-hnv am{X-amWv kvXpXn. ]c-a-Im-cp-
Wn-I\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-b-h. {]Xn-^-e-Zn-\-n-p-S-a-bm-b-h.
\n\p am{Xw R C_m- Z p sNpp. \ntmSv am{Xw
R klmbw tXSpp. sNmmb hgn- b n \o Rsf \bn-
t-Wta! \o A\p-{K-ln--h-cpsS hgn-bn; tIm]-n-n-c-bm-b-h-cp-
tSXpw ZpamKn-I-fp-tS-Xp-a-m hgn-bn.''
56 \a-kvImcw

]d- b pI
Rm icWw tXSpp
P\--fpsS \mY-t\mSv
P\--fpsS bP-am-\-t\mSv
P\--fpsS Bcm-[y-t\mSv
Zpt_m-[-Is D]-{Z-h-n\nv
IqS-qsS hp-a-d-bp
Zpt_m-[\w sNp
P\--fpsS lrZ-b--fn
Pnp-I-fns]
a\p-jy-cnepw
""]d- b pI: Rm icWw tXSpp, P\- - f psS \mY- t \mSv . P\- -
fpsS bP- a m- \ - t \mSv . P\- - f psS Bcm- [ y- t \mSv . IqS- qsS hp- a - d -
bp--h\pw P\--fpsS lrZ-b--fn Zpt_m-[\w sNp--h-\p-amb
Pnp-I-fnepw a\p-jy-cnepw s] Zpt_m-[-Is D]-{Z-h-n\nv.''

]d- b pI
Rm icWw tXSpp
{]`m-X-ns \mY-t\mSv
\a-kvImcw 57

Ah krjvSn--h-bpsS D]-{Z-h-n\nv
cm{Xn-bpsS D]-{Z-h-n\nv
Ccpv ]c-m
DuXp--h-cpsS D]-{Z-h-n\nv
sIp-I-fn
Akq-bm-ep-hns D]-{Z-h-n\npw
Ah Akq-b-s-Sp-tm
""]d-bpI: {]`m-X-ns \mY-t\mSv Rm icWw tXSpp. Ah
krjv S n- - h - b psS D]- { Z- h - n\npw Ccp ]c cm{Xn- b psS D]-
{Z- h - n\npw sIp- I - f n DuXp- - h - c psS D]- { Z- h - n\npw
Akq- b mep Akq- b - s - S p- t m Ahs D]- { Z- h - n\npw.''

]d- b pI
Ah Am-lp-hm-Ipp
GI
Amlp A\m-{i-b-\m-Ipp
Ah (km-\s)P\n-n-n-n
Ah (Bcp-sSbpw) km-\-hp-a
Ahv C
Xpey-\m-bnv
Bcpw
""]d-bpI: Ah Am-lp-hm-Ipp. GI. Amlp A\m-{i-b-\m-
Ipp. Ah(km- \ s) P\n- n- n- n. Ah (Bcp- s Sbpw)
km-\-hp-a. Ahp Xpey-\mbn Bcp-an.''
58 \a-kvImcw

\in-s
A_q-e-l-_ns cp ssIIfpw
(AsX) Ah \inp
Ahv {]tbm-P-\-s-n
Ahs [\w
Ah {]hn-Xpw
Ah Xo-bmbpw {]th-inpw
An- b n
In-Pz-en-p
Ahs `mcybpw
hndIp Npa-p-Im-cn-bmb
Ah-fpsS Igp-n-ep-mIpw
Ib
]ncn-ap-dp--ap
""A_q-e-l-_ns cp ssIIfpw \in-s.(AsX) Ah \inp.
Ah- s [\tam Ah {]hn- tXm Ahv {]tbm- P - \ - s - n.
In- P z- e n- p An- b n Ah Xo- b mbpw {]th- i npw.
hndIp Npa- p- I m- c n- b mb Ahs `mcybpw. ]ncn- a p- d p- - a p Ib
Ah- f psS Igp- n- e p- mIpw.''
\a-kvImcw 59

Am-lp-hns klmbw hp Ign-m

al-mb hnP-bhpw
P\- {]th-in-p-Xv \o ImWp-Ibpw
sNbvXm
Am-lp-hns Zo\n
Iqw-Iq--ambn
Atm \o {]Io\w sNpI
\ns \mYs\ kvXpXn-p-sImv
Ah-t\mSv ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-Ibpw sNpI
Xo-bmbpw, Ah ]m-m]w Gsd
kzoI-cn-p--h-\mWv.''
""Am- l p- h ns klm- b hpw al- mb hnP- b hpw hcp- I bpw P\-
Am-lp-hns Zo\n Iqw-Iq--ambn {]th-in-p-Xv \o ImWp-
Ibpw sNbv X m, Atm \ns \mYs\ kv X pXn- p- s Imv \o
{]Io\w sNp- I bpw Ah- t \mSv ]m]- t am- N \w tXSp- I bpw
sNpI. Xo- b mbpw, Ah ]m- m]w Gsd kzoI- c n- p- - h -
\mWv . ''

]d- b pI
Ahn-izm-kn-Itf!
Rm Bcm-[n-p-n
\n Bcm-[n-p--Xns\
\nfpw Bcm-[n-p--h-c
Rm Bcm-[n-p--Xns\
Rm Bcm-[n-p--h-\
\n Bcm-[n--Xns\
60 \a-kvImcw

\nfpw Bcm-[n-p--h-c
Rm Bcm-[n-p--Xns\
\nv \n-fpsS Zo
F\nv Fs Zo
""]d-bpI! Ahn-izm-kn-Itf, \n Bcm-[n-p--Xns\ Rm Bcm-
[n-p-n. Rm Bcm-[n-p--Xns\ \nfpw Bcm-[n-p--h-c.
\n Bcm- [ n- - X ns\ Rm Bcm- [ n- p- - h - \ . Rm Bcm- [ n-
p--Xns\ \n-fpw Bcm-[n-p--h-c. \nv \n-fpsS Zo.
F\nv Fs Zo.''

Xo-bmbpw \mw \n\v \evIn-bn-cn-pp

hf-sc-tbsd A\p-{Klw
AXn-\m \a-kvI-cn-pI
\ns \mY-\p-thn
_en-b-dp-p-Ibpw sNpI
\nbw, \ns shdp-p--h
Ah-\mWv thc--h
""Xo-bmbpw \mw \n\v hf-sc-tbsd A\p-{Klw \evIn-bn-cn-pp.
AXn-\m \ns \mY-\p-thn \a-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw _en-b-dp-p-Ibpw
sNpI. \nbw, \ns shdp-p--h-\mtcm Ah-\mWv thc--h.''
\a-kvImcw 61

\o Int?
Zo\ns\ If-hm-p--hs\
Ah-\mWv A\m-Ysb Xn-b-I-p--h
Ah t{]cn-n-p-I-bp-an
Zcn-{Zs Blmcw \evIm
\miw \a-kvI-cn-p--hv
kzw \a-kvIm-c-s-p-dnv A{i--cmb
ap--hsc ImWn-m thn {]hn-p
sNdnb sNdnb D]-Imcw(t]mepw) \ntj-[n-p-Ibpw
sNp
""Zo\ns\ If-hm-p--hs\ \o Int? Ah-\mWv A\m-Ysb Xn-
b- I - p- - h . Zcn- { Zs Blmcw \ev I m Ah t{]cn- n- p- I - b p-
an. kzw \a-kvIm-c-s-p-dnv A{i--bn Ign-bp--hcpw, ap-
- h sc ImWn- m thn {]hn- p- - h cpw, sNdnb sNdnb
D]-Imcw(t]mepw) \ntj-[n-p--h-cp-amb \a-kvIm-c-mv \miw.''

Jpssd-in-I-fpsS CWw Ap-Xm-hlw Xs

Ah-cpsS CWw
ssiXy-Im-e-sbpw DjvW-Im-e-sbpw
bm{X-tbm-Sp
AXn-\m-e-h C_m-Zp sNs
Cu `h-\-ns \mY\v
Ahv Blmcw \evInb
hni-n\v
Ahv \n`-bXzw \evIp-Ibpw sNbvX
62 \a-kvImcw

`b-n\nv
""Jpssd- i n- I - f psS CWw AZv ` p- X m- h lw Xs. ssiXy- I m- e -
sbpw Djv W - I m- e - s bpw bm{X- t bm- S p Ah- c psS CWw.
AXn-\m, hni-n\v Ahv Blmcw \evIp-Ibpw `b-n\nv
Ahv \n`- b Xzw \ev I p- I bpw sNbv X Cu `h- \ - ns \mY\v
Ah C_m- Z v sNs.''

\o Int?
\ns cn-Xmhv Fs\ {]hn-p-shv
B\-m-tcmSv
Ah Bn-bnt?
Ah-cpsS IpX{w
]mgn
Ah-cpsS t\tc Ab-p-Ibpw sNbvXp
]n- I sf
Iqw Iq-ambn
Ah Ahsc Fdn-bpp
Ip- s Imv
Nqf-bn shv ]gp
As\ Ahsc Ah Bn
Xnp-I-gn sshtm t]mse
""\ns cn-Xmhv B\-m-tcmSv Fs\ {]hn-p-shv \o
Int? Ah-cpsS IpX{w Ah ]mgn-em-n-bnt. Ah-cpsS
t\sc Iqw Iq-ambn ]n-Isf Ab-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Nqf-bn
shv ]gp Ip-sImv Ahsc Ah Fdn-bpp. As\ Ahsc
Ah Xnp-I-gn sshtm t]mse-bmn.''