1.

If a subject is chosen randomly

A. What is the probability that the chosen subject

i. is competent?() = = .


ii. completed CC-CPR? ( ) = = .

iii. completed CPR and not competent? ( ) = = .
+
iv. completed CPR or competent? ( ) =
= = .

v. is not competent given that he/she has completed CPR? (|) = = .

B. How likely that the chosen subject

i. is competent? () = = . ,

ii. is competent after trained with CPR? (|) = = . ,


iii. is competent given he/she has completed CC-CPR? (| ) = =

. ,

C. Does being competent depend on CPR? Explain your answer.

() = = . ,


(|) = = . ,

No, except for a small (~3.8%) reduction in chance of being competent.
2. Answer all the following questions:
A. If an applicant is chosen at random, how likely is it that the chosen applicant has a low score?

() = = . ,

B. How likely is it that a graduate from a poor high school being chosen than from a superior one?

() = = . ,


() = = . ,

Thus, a graduate from a poor high school is 0.5/0.2=2.5 times less likely to be chosen than
from a superior one

C. How likely is it that a graduate from a superior high school make a high score than a low score?

(|) = = . ,


(|) = = . ,

Thus, a graduate from a superior high school is 0.6/0.11=5.45 times more likely to score high
than low.

D. How likely is it that a graduate from a poor high school make a high score than a low score?

(|) = = . ,


(|) = = . ,

Thus, a graduate from a poor high school is 0.525/0.125=4.2 times less likely to score high
than low.

E. How likely is it that an applicant gets a high score than a medium score?

() = = . ,


() = = . ,

Thus, an applicant has 0.39/0.39=1, equal chance of scoring high or medium.
F. Does making a high score depend on being graduated from a superior high school? Explain your
answer.

() = = . ,


(|) = = . ,

Yes, by graduating from a high school,
a. an applicant increase his/her chance of scoring high from 39% to 60%. Or
b. an applicant is 0.6/0.39=1.54 times more likely to score high. Or
..
c. increases an applicants chance of scoring high by . = . %

G. What is the effect on chances of making a low score by graduating from a poor high school?

() = = . ,


(|) = = . ,

Thus, by graduating from a poor high school,
a. an applicant increase his/her chance of scoring low from 22% to 52.5%. Or
b. an applicant is 0.525/0.22=2.39 times more likely to score low. Or
..
c. increases an applicants chance of scoring low by = . %
.
3. 75 percent nursing students pursuing a masters degree stated that they expect to be promoted to a
higher position within one month after receiving the degree. For a sample of 8 of them,
i. Determine the possible values for X where X represents the number expecting promotion in
one month after receiving the degree.
: no of nursing students expecting promotion
= {, , , , }

ii. For each possible values of X, determine the probability.

By satisfying the three binomial conditions, ~(, . ) and () =
. .
X p(X)
0 1.53 105
1 0.0004
2 0.004
3 0.023
4 0.087
5 0.208
6 0.311
7 0.267
8 0.1

iii. Determine three possible values of X with the highest probabilities. How likely is it to get
one of these values?
3 Xs with the highest probabilities = 5, 6, 7
p(X=5)+p(X=6)+p(X=7)=0.208+0.311+0.267=0.786, likely

iv. Determine three possible values of X, when divided by = 8, are closest to = 0.75. How
likely is it to get one of these values?
3 Xs with the closest to 0.75 when divided by n=8 are 5, 6, 7 (5/8, 3/4, 7/8 respectively)
p(X=5)+p(X=6)+p(X=7)=0.208+0.311+0.267=0.786, likely

v. What is the mean value of X?

Mean(X) = np = 8(0.75) = 6
4. It is known that a particular drug for headache works 60 percent of the time. Five subjects with
headache were chosen randomly and treated with the drug.
i. Determine the set of possible numbers of them being cured.
: No of being cured
= {, , , , , }

ii. For each of those numbers, determine its probability.

By satisfying the three binomial conditions, ~(, . ) and () = . .
X P(X)
0 0.01
1 0.08
2 0.23
3 0.35
4 0.26
5 0.07

iii. Which three numbers have the highest probabilities? How likely is it that many subjects will
be cured?
3 Xs with the highest probabilities are 2,3,4
p(x=2)+p(x=3)+p(x=4)=0.23+0.35+0.26 = 0.84, highly likely

iv. Which three numbers, when divided by the sample size, are closest to the probability of the
drug curing a headache?
3 Xs closest to 0.6 when divided by n=5 are 2,3,4 (2/5, 3/5, 4/5 respectively)

v. Which number, when divided by the sample size, is the furthest from = 0.6? How likely is
it that many subjects will be cured?
0. P(x=0) = 0.01, highly unlikely none of them will be cured.

5. Suppose a physical education class is made up of 25 students, 10 of whom are classified as cigarette
smokers. A random sample of 6 students is to be chosen for a physiology experiment exercise. What
is the probability that exactly half the sample being smokers?

X = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, p= 10/25, q=15/25

P(X=3) = . .
P(x=3) = 20 x 0.064 x 0.216
= 0.276

6. The Poisson distribution is used to model the number of patients per month referred to an
oncologist with a rate of 16 patients per month.
i. How likely is it that there will be 10 patients referred to an oncologist in a month?
: no of patients per month referred to an oncologist
~(), = {, , , }

( = ) = = . ,
!

ii. How likely is it that there are no patients referred to an oncologist in a month?

( = ) = = . ,
!

iii. How likely is it that there are exactly 200 patients referred to an oncologist in a year?
: no of patients per year referred to an oncologist
~(), = {, , , }

( = ) = = . ,
!