QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

Exercise 1(B)
Q.1 (A)

Let the roots be ,

Then 1

1 1 1
and
6

1

6

Now equation,

x 2 x 0

x 2 1 x 6 0

x2 x 6 0

Q.2 (C)

2x 2 5x 3 0

, are the roots, then

5 3
and
2 2

5 3 15
Now 2 2
22 4

Q.3 (B)

p x 2 n 2 pnx qn 2 x 2 0

x 2 p qn 2 pnx pn 2 0
 , are the roots, then

pn pn 2
and
p qn 2 p qn 2

Now, p 2 2 p q 22

p 2 2 q 22

p q
2
2

qpn 4 q p n
2 4
p = 0.

p qn 2


p qn 2

2 2

Q.4 (A)

ax 2 bx c 0

, are the roots, then

b c
;
a a

1 1 1
c b cba
1
a a a

Q.5 (C)

x 2 px q 0

Let , are the roots

p and q

Given : 1

From 4 p2 4q 1
2 2

Now p2 4q2 1 4q 4q 2 2q 1
2
Q.6 (A)

x 2 x 0

, are roots, then

and 1 (1)

From (1), 1 1 2

Q.7 (C)

x 2 px q 0

Let , are the roots, then p and q

And 3 4 7 , 5 4

Solving (1) and (2)

1 and 1

p 2

q 1

Q.8 (C)

2x 2 5x 3 0

(2 x 1) (x 3) 0

1
x , 3 ,
2

Q.9 (C)

2x 2 3x 9 0

x 3 2x 3 0

3
x 3,
2

Q.10 (A)

x 2 1 m2 2mcx c2 a 2 0

Roots are equal D 0

2mc c
2 2
4 1 m2 2
a 0

4a 2 4c2 4m2a 2 0

ca 1 m 2

Q.11 (D)

x a xb

ax 1 bx 1

bx 1 x a ax 1 x 4

b a x 2 2x a b 0

1
, are the roots then

1 a b

ba

a b
1
ba

b0

Q.12 (A)

As a, b, c are positive and so as x2 & |x|, hence

ax2 + b |x| + c > 0.

There are no real roots.

Q.13 (C)

3x 2 2 a 2 1 x a 2 3a 2 0
Both roots are of opposite sign f 0 0
a 2 3a 2 0

a 1, 2

Q.14 (C)

12 p 2 x 2 12 2p 1 x 38p 11 0

Roots are always imaginary D 0

12 2p 1 4 38p 11 12 p 2 0
2

3 4p2 1 4p 38p2 76p 11p 22 0
50p2 75p 25 0

2p2 3p 1 0

p 1 2p 1 0

1
p 1,
2

Q.15 (B)

q p
Let and
pq pq

qp

pq

pq

p q
2

Then equation is

x 2 x 0

pq pq
x2 x 0
pq p q 2

Q.16 (A)

x 2 6x x 2 2 8x 2 0 x 2 2 2x x 2 2 4x 0
2 2

Now roots of x 2 4x 2 0 are real and those of x 2 2x 2 0 are imaginary.

Roots of x 2 2x 2 0 will be 1 i .

Q.17 (C)

Imaginary roots exits in conjugate pair then if

3 5i 3 5i
then
2 2

c 3 5i 3 5i c
Given
2 2 2 2

q 2s c 34
c c 17
4 2 2

Q.18 (A)

Let , are the roots of ax 2 bx c 0 , then

b c
&
a a

Now 4
2 2

b 2 4ac

a

b 2 4ac c
Also
a a

b2 4ac c2

Q.19 (D)

x 2 is the common factor hence

(2)2 a 2 b 0 or 4 + 2a + b = 0 .(1)

& 2 c 2 d 0 or 4 + 2c + d = 0
2
.(2)
Form (1) and (2)

2 (c a) = b d

Q.20 (A)

Given 8, 2 are roots of x 2 ax 0

a 10 a 10 (1)

Similarly 3, 3 are roots of x 2 2x b 0

b=9 .(2)

from (1) and (2) equation

x 2 10x 9 0

x 1 x 9 0

Q.21 (A)

, are roots of 2x 2 a 1 x a 1 0

a 1
&
a 1
2 2

b 2 4ac

a 3
a 2

Now,

a 3 a 1 a 3 a 1
or
2 2 2 2

Hence a = 2.

Q.22 (A)

Let the roots of x 2 x k 0 be , 2

Given 2 1 and 3 k

2 1 0
 1 5

2
3
1 5
k
3

2

2 5

Q.23 (B)

2x 2 5x 1 0 .(1)

x 2 5x 2 0 .(2)

Let the roots of , are (1)

1 1
The equation whose roots are , is

2
1 1
2 5 1 0
x x

x 2 5x 2 0 is not same as equation (2)

Q.24 (A)

2x 2 4x 1
y
x 2 4x 2

2x 2 4x 1 yx 2 4yx 2y

2 y x 2 x 4 4y 1 2y 0

D0

4 4y 4 1 2y 2 y 0
2

y2 2y 1 0

y 1 0
2

This is true for all y

Q.25 (B)

3x 2 p 3x 2 q 0
2

, are roots

9x 2 12 3p x 2p q 4 0

12 3p 4 p
9 3

3 3 2 p

p 3 3 4

Q.26 (C)

y x 2 ax 25 touches the x axis

D0

a 2 4 25 0

a 10

Q.27 (A)

2x 2 a 2 8a 1 x a 2 4a 0

Roots are opposite in sign f 0 0

a 2 4a 0

a a 4 0

a 0, 4

Q.28 (B)

1 1 1

xa xb c

x 2 x a b 2c ab a b c 0
Roots are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign

= 0

a b 2a 0

a b 2c

Now, ab a b c

ab a b a b

2

1 2
a b2
Q.29 (B)

x 2 m 1 x m 4 0

Both roots are negative

(1) 0 m + 1 < 0

m 1

(2) 0 m + 4 > 0

m4

b m 1
(3) 0 0
2a 2

Q.30 (D)

x 2 2x 7
6 x 2 10x 11 0
2x 3

x 11 x 1 0

x 1,11

x 2 2x 7 D 24 negative

Numerator is negative so denominator will also be negative

2x + 3 < 0

3
x
2

Q.31 (B)

Ax 2 Bx C 0

imaginary roots exits in conjugate pair

if i a b

i a b

Then, 0 and a b
2

0
A

AB
0
C

Q.32 (C)

ax 2 bx c 0

Let , are the roots

b

a

c

a

1 1
Then, 2

2

2 2

22

2 2
2 2


2 2
2 2

b 2 2a 2 b

c2 ca

b2 b
2
ac a 2

Q.33 (D)

x 2 a b x ab 0

D0

a b 4 ab 0
2

b a 0

a b0 a<b

a b a b
x
2

x b, a

Q.34 (B)

ax 2 bx c 0

when D < 0

b 2 4ac 0

b2 4ac

Q.35 (C)

Let P(x) = ax2 + bx + c

As roots are non-real so P(x) will not change sign.
Also P(1) = a + b + c < 0, hence
P(0) = c < 0.
Q.36 (A)

ax 2 bx c 0

Let roots are ,

1 1 1
Then we get the equation where roots are , by replacing x by
x

2
1 1
i.e. a b c 0
x x

a bx cx 2 0

Q.37 (A)

ax 2 bx c 0

b c
&
a a

1 1 a 2 b 2 2ab a 2 2 b 2 2ab
Now
a b a b a b a b
2 2 2

b 2 2ac b 2 2ac

ac
2
a 2c2

Q.38 (A)

2

2 x 2 2 x 1

2 2 x 2 2 1 0

D>0

2 4 1 2 2 0
2

5 2 8 4 0 0

5 2 2 0
Q.39 (A)
ax 2 bx c 0 , Let the roots be , then the equation whose roots are h, h will be

a x h b x 4 c 0
2

ax 2 x b 2h c bh h 2 0

a p

q b 2h

r c bh h 2

D1 b 2 4ac b 2 40c a2
2 2
q pr b 2h 4 c 44 41 a p
2
D2

Q.40 (A)

ax 2 bx c 0

, are the roots then equation whose roots are h, h

px 2 qx h 0

q
2h
p

b
2h q
a

1 b q
h
2 a p

Q.41 (C)

Let be the common root

Then 2 2 3 0 (1)

2 3 5 0 (2)

Solving (1) and (2)

 2 2 3 0

Q.42 (C)

ax 2 bx c 0

Roots are real and distinct then vertex is between the roots.

Q.43 (B)

If a, b, c are rational then irrational roots exits in conjugate pair.

Q.44 (A)

D 0 b 2 24a
8 3a b b2 8b
Now b2 8b b 4 16
2

b 4
2

Hence 3a b 2.
8
Least value of 3a + b is -2.

Q.45 (A)

a b
1
x a x b

a x b b x a x a x b

x 2 2x a b 3ab 0

Roots are equal D 0

ab0

Q.46 (C)

lx 2 mx n 0

m n
sin cos and sin cos
l l
sin cos
2
sin 2 cos2 2sin cos

m2 2n
2
1
l l

l2 2nl m 2

Q.47 (A)

If coefficients are rational then roots exits in conjugate pair

Then other root is 2 3

2 3 2 3 4

4 3 1

So, equation will be x 2 4 x 1 0

Q.48 (C)

Let the roots of x 2 px q 0 be , and those of x 2 qx p 0 be ,

Given or 4 4
2 2

p 2 4q q 2 4p
p q 4

Q.49 (B)

ax 2 bx c 0 ..(1)

, are the roots

Then ax 2 2bx 4c 0

ax 2 bx
c 0
4 2
2
x bx
a c 0 ..(2)
2 2

x
We get the (1) equation by replacing x then roots of (2) are 2, 2
2
Q.50 (B)

a+b+c=0

b c a x2 c a b x a b c 0

D c a b 4 b c a a b c
2

b b 4 c c a a
2

4b2 16ac

4 a c 16ac
2

a c
2

Q.51 (A)

2 2
4

16 9 4

7

4

Q.52 (A)

x 2 3x 1
y
x2 x 1

x 2 1 y 3 y x 1 y 0

3 y 4 1 y 1 y 0
2
as x R

3y 2y 5 0

y 1 3y 5 0
Q.53 (C)

5x 1 x 1 7x 3
2

solving

5x 1 x 1 x 1 x 2 0
2

x ,1 2, (1)

solving

x 1
2
7x 3

x 4 x 1 0

x 1, 4 ..(2)

from (1) and (2)

x=3

Q.54 (A)

x2 x 1
k
x2 x 1

x 2 1 k x 1 k 1 k 0

x is real then D > 0

1 k 4 1 k 1 k 0
2

3y 2 1y 3 0

3y 1 y 3 0

1
x ,3
3

Q.55 (B)

D b2 4ac x1x 2 0
 c
0
a

ac 0

D b2 4 ac

Will always be positive

So roots will be real and product is negative roots are of opposite sign.

Q.56 (B)

x 2 3x 5

D<0

Roots are imaginary

Then x 2 3x 5 0 and ax 2 bx c 0 have both roots common.

1 3 5 8

a b c a bc

a b c9

Q.57 (D)

ax 2 ax 1 0

Product of roots is 1

And sum of roots is 1

roots exits between 0 and 1

D>0

a 2 4a 0

a a a 0

Q.58 (A)
x 2 px q 0 , Let , are the roots when co efficient of x is incorrect then equation
x2 p ' x q 0

p ' 1 q = 30

When the constant term is incorrect then equation x 2 px q ' 0

p = 11 q = 28

p 11

q 30

equation x 2 11x 30 0

Q.59

3 6x 8x 2 0

8x 2 6x 3 0

D
is the maximum value
4a

36 96 132

4x 8 32

Q.60 (A)

Let P(x) = x 2 2ax a 2 a 3

For the roots to be less than 3,

(i) D 0 a 3
(ii) P(3) 0 a 2 5a 6 0
a 2 a 3 0 a 2 or a 3
 2a
(iii) 3 a 3.
2
Hence a < 2