AMA COMPUTER COLLEGE (BIAN CAMPUS)

Km.32 National Hi-Way, Canlalay, Bian, Laguna

Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This part contains related literatures and studies of various writers of both foreign and

local origins. Related Literatures are published materials such as books, professional journals,

magazines, and other forms, while, Related Studies, on the other hand, refer to materials that are

unpublished such as manuscripts, theses, dissertations, and alike (Smith, 1993). According to

Reyes (2013), Related Literature is composed of discussions of facts and principles to which the

present study is related. For instance, if the present study deals with drug addiction, literature to

be reviewed or surveyed should be composed of materials that deal with drug addiction. The

proponents of this study were concerned on the effects of technology on the students academic

achievement and their attitudes. Reading studies of other researchers is vital in providing

stronger facts for one's study. The proponents of this study have researched various literatures.

These literatures contained articles from the web such as social media sites, blogs and online

books. These would help the researchers succeed in their proposed study.

Foreign and Local Literature

According to Grohol (2005), in his magazine entitled Technology is a Bad Thing,

People, as a society, are embracing technology without fully understanding the long-term

ramifications of this decision. They are constantly seeking out short-term gains and

improvements without really taking into consideration of the whole picture for future

generations. Grohol (2005) explained that people do know the benefits of technology, but also

unaware of the harmful effects it may bring to future generations.

 AMA COMPUTER COLLEGE (BIAN CAMPUS)

Km.32 National Hi-Way, Canlalay, Bian, Laguna

According to Castells (2014) in his book entitled The Impact of the Internet on Society: A

Global Perspective, The Internet is the decisive technology of the Information age, and with

the explosion of wireless communication in the early twenty-first century, humankind is almost

entirely connected, albeit great levels of inequality in bandwidth, efficiency, and price. Castells

(2014) pointed out that with the help of the Internet, people are getting more connected to each

other.

According to Pressick (2016) in his book entitled, Porn Industry Keeps Making

Technological Advances, Love might make everyone's world go around but porns have this

ability to continue the advancement of technology. These adult products are a thriving business

because of technological advances, but the path to these advances is not only one way. There are

times that innovation travels in the other direction. In fact, the desire for adult products has a

significant influence on technological advances as well. Those creating adult products and

technology can definitely influence the mainstream, especially with all the demands that are

driving them to innovate and succeed. Pressick (2016) explained that the porn industry is a

reason for technological advancement because it is like a business that needs continuous

improvements and innovations.

According to Whiteman (2015), In 1971, the first email was delivered. More than 40

years on, social media had taken the world by storm. Social networking sites, such as Facebook

and Twitter, are used by 1 in 4 people worldwide. Such activity might seem harmless, but some

researchers suggest that social media could affect the mental health and well-being of a person.

Whiteman (2015) pointed out that some physiological and mental health problems are caused by

social media since it came into play. Thus, too much using of social media is harmful.
 AMA COMPUTER COLLEGE (BIAN CAMPUS)

Km.32 National Hi-Way, Canlalay, Bian, Laguna

According to Lanzona (2016) in his magazine entitled Agricultural Policy Must Focus

on Technological Innovation, Economic development requires continuous introduction of new

and better technology to an existing industry. Most households in the Philippines depend on

agriculture for their livelihood. Improvements in agricultural technology are then necessary to

increasing farmers income and reducing poverty. At the same time, economic development also

requires continuous diversifying and upgrading from existing industries to new, more capital-

intensive ones. Lanzona (2016) suggested that innovation in agricultural technology gives faster

production and better income to the farmers and person who owns the field and economic

development to the country as well.

Foreign and Local Studies

According to Nagel (2013), Despite the increasingly widespread adoption of

technologies in every aspect of K-12 education, significant challenges are preventing the

effective implementation. Though some of those challenges are systemic and some are related to

the technologies themselves, teachers and education leaders share in the blame as well. In past

reports, those challenges had centered largely on reluctance on the part of administrators and

teachers, lack of preparation, and lack of support or funding. Among all the challenges is the lack

of adequate, ongoing professional development for teachers who are required to integrate new

technologies into their classrooms but are unprepared or unable to understand new technologies.

Nagel (2013) explained the lack of understanding of the teachers in the latest technology which

must be a prerequisite to them and the challenges that they face while integrating with the new

system.
 AMA COMPUTER COLLEGE (BIAN CAMPUS)

Km.32 National Hi-Way, Canlalay, Bian, Laguna

According to Nagi (2014), Living in one of the cleanest countries in the world ensure a

happy and healthy life for the people, but for their families especially their young children who

need a special care and living in a clean place that is free from pollution or at least is not very

polluted. There are several countries around the world that are ranked as the most polluted

countries on earth, thanks to having the dirtiest air that it's more than enough for destroying the

respiratory system. The polluted air contain countless particles such as dirt, smoke, pollen,

mould and more particles that are polluting the air and are fine in size which makes them more

dangerous since they can be easily inhaled to accumulate in the respiratory system which cause

many chronic diseases to be impossible to cure which finally leads to certain death and this was

exactly what happened in 2012 when 3.7 million people died out of air pollution. Nagi (2014)

explained the bad effects of increasing use of automobile and industrial technology to the

atmosphere which give polluted air to many people all over the world that cause them to have

respiratory problems.

According to Gertner (2011), in his study about "The Effects of Multimedia Technology

on Learning", Multimedia gives light on some possible effects of it to the learning of students.

This means that technological devices might affect the learning performance of a student. The

recent increase in use of digital devices such as laptop, computers, iPads and web-enabled cell

phones generated concern about how technologies affect students' performance, combining

observation, survey and interview data, this research assess the effects of technology use on

students' attitudes and learning. Online learning is one of the newest terms used frequently and is

defined as a delivery of learning through the use of information communication technology via

the Internet where learners and instructors are physically separated. It realized that most the

definitions refer to a situation in which the teacher and the learner are separated and instructional
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Km.32 National Hi-Way, Canlalay, Bian, Laguna

materials are conveyed through telecommunication systems. It could also be elicited that the

learner has the flexibility of adjusting herself/himself to the schedule and physical location of

classes. Gertner (2011) identified the effects of multimedia on the students' performance, the

gadgets that affect this, and the setup of the students and their instructors inside the classroom.

According to Russell (2010) as cited by Proysen (2009), There must be rigorous efforts

from all quarters of the education system to stamp out the use of texting as a form of written

language so far as English study is concerned. There has been a trend in recent years to

emphasize spoken English. Pupils think orally and write phonetically. The problem is, there is a

feeling in some schools that pupils' freedom of expression should not be inhibited. Russell

(2010) gave an emphasis on the use of texting as a form of written language of the students and

the inhibition of their freedom of expression to that.

According to Fisher (2014), A new tourism is emerging, driven by new consumers, new

technologies, new production practices, new management techniques, and changes in the

industry's frame conditions. These influencing factors are discussed in detail, illustrated by

references to industry practices throughout the world. The important role of diagonal integration,

a process where firms use information technologies to logically combine services for best

productivity and most profitability, is discussed. Fisher (2014) explained the techniques of

production and management in different industries and the conditions they deal with.