Modul Pecutan Kertas 3 2016

1 Modul Pecutan Kimia Kertas 3
Soalan Percubaan SPM Negeri 2016
MODUL PECUTAN KERTAS 3

KOLEKSI SOALAN PERCUBAAN
KIMIA SPM 2016
Disusun seikhlas hati:

Cikgu Mohd Fazdli Bin Mohd Nor
SMK Pesisiran Perdana, Tangkak, Johor
Nama Pemilik Cemerlang : .
Mohd Fazdli Bin Mohd Nor, SMK Pesisiran Perdana, Tangkak SPM 2016, Kimia 4541 A+
ANALISIS SOALAN PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN NEGERI 2016 Soalan Percubaan SPM Negeri 2016
KIMIA KERTAS 3 4551/3
SECTION B
NEGERI SECTION A
EXPERIMENT [17 MARKS]
Terengganu Q1: To construct an electrochemical series of metals (page 3) Experiment to investigate the relationship between pH value
Q2: To study the heat of neutralization with molarity of acid. (page 33)
Pahang To investigate the factor that affect the rate of reaction sodum
To investigate the hardness of bronze compare to pure copper.
(JUJ) thiosulphate solution with dilute sulphuric acid.
Pahang To compare the hardness between bronze and pure copper. (page 6) To investigate the electrolysis of copper(II) sulphate solution
(Trial) using two difference types of electrode (page 37)
To determine the heat of neutralization for the reaction between alkali and two different types To compare the elasticity of unvulcanised rubber and
SBP
of acid. (page 10) vulcanised rubber. (page 34)
To investigate the effect of the concentration of sodium
Q1: To investigate the heat of neutralization of sodium hydroxide solution with two different
chloride solution on the product formed at anode in the
MARA acids. (page 13)
electrolysis. (page 38)
Q2: To investigate the cleansing action of soap and detergent on a pair of socks with oily stain
To determine the conductivity of an ionic and covalent
Q1: To determine the effect of position of metals in reactivity series to the heat of displacement
JOHOR compound in water. (page 43)
Q2: Effectiveness soap and detergent
To investigate the effect of the type of electrode to the product
To compare the heat of neutralisation using two types of acids, nitric acid, HNO 3 and ethanoic
KEDAH at anode. (page 36)
acid, CH3COOH react with potassium hydroxide solution, KOH. (page 17)
Menentukan kedudukan logam zink, plumbum, magnesium dan argentum dalam siri Menyiasat kesan faktor itu terhadap kadar tindak balas antara:
elektrokimia logam dengan menggunakan kaedah penyesaran logam. (page 26) (i) Logam yang dinamakan dengan asid yang dinamakan
KELANTAN Atau
(ii) Logam karbonat yang dinamakan dengan asid yang
dinamakan (page 41)
Q1: To determine the heat of combustion of methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol.
To investigate the role of solvent to show the properties of
NEGERI Q2: To investigate the effect of the quantity of manganese(IV) oxide as catalyst on the rate of
acids. (page 39)
SEMBILAN decomposition of hydrogen peroxide for the first 30 seconds (page 28)
To investigate the effect of acids and alkali on the coagulation

PERLIS To determine the concentration of acid (neutralization) (page 20) of latex. (page 35)
To study the effectiveness of the cleansing action of soap on

PULAU
To determine the concentration of nitric acid (neutralization) (page 23) the socks which are stained with oil using water from two
PINANG
different sources (page 40))
To determine the order of metals in the Reactivity Series.
MELAKA Neutralization
(page 42)
Terengganu 2016 Soalan Percubaan SPM Negeri 2016
1 An experiment was carried out to construct an electrochemical series of metals. Mg and Y Mg and Z
Diagram 1.1 shows the set-up apparatus for an experiment to measure the Mg dan Y Mg dan Z
potential difference between magnesium electrode and W electrode.
An experiment was repeated by replacing W electrode with X, Y and Z
electrodes. The magnesium electrode is the negative terminal in all experiments.
Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk membina siri elektrokimia beberapa
logam. Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengukur beza keupayaan
di antara elektrod magnesium dan elektrod W. Eksperimen diulangi dengan
menggantikan elektrod W dengan elektrod X, Y dan Z. Elektrod magnesium
adalah terminal negatif dalam kesemua eksperimen. Reading: Reading:
V
Bacaan: . Bacaan: .
Magnesium electrode Electrode W
Diagram 1.2/Rajah 1.2
Elektrod magnesium Elektrod W
(a) Record the voltmeter readings in the spaces provided in Diagram 1.2.
Catatkan bacaan voltmeter pada ruang yang disediakan dalam Rajah 1.2.
Sodium chloride solution [3 marks]
Larutan natrium klorida
(b) Construct a table to record the voltmeter reading for the different pair of
metal.
Diagram 1.1/Rajah 1.1 Bina satu jadual untuk merekod bacaan voltmeter untuk pasangan logam
yang berlainan.
Diagram 1.2 shows the voltmeter readings of all the experiments.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan bacaan voltmeter bagi semua eksperimen.
Mg and W Mg and X
Mg dan W Mg dan X
[3 marks]
(c) State one hypothesis for this experiment.

Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.

Reading: Reading:
Bacaan: ......... Bacaan: .
[3 marks]
(d) For this experiment, state: 2 Diagram 2 shows two experiments to study the heat of neutralization between
Bagi eksperimen ini, nyatakan: sodium hydroxide solution and hydrochloric acid.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan dua eksperimen untuk mengkaji haba peneutralan antara
(i) manipulated variable larutan natrium hidroksida dan asid hidroklorik.
pembolehubah dimanipulasikan
Experiment I/ Eksperimen I
Reaction between 25 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid, HCl and 25 cm3
of 2.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH.
(ii) responding variable Tindak balas antara 25 cm3 asid hidroklorik, HCl 2.0 mol dm-3 dan 25 cm3
pembolehubah bergerak balas larutan natrium hidroksida, NaOH 2.0 mol dm-3.
.. 30 50
(iii) constant variable

pembolehubah dimalarkan 1(d)
20 40

[3 marks]
3 Stir Polystyrene cup
Polystyrene cup Kacau
(e) Based on the voltmeter readings, arrange all the metals in ascending order of Cawan polisterina Cawan polisterina
their electropositivity.
Berdasarkan bacaan voltmeter, susunkan semua logam dalam susunan 1(e)
Experiment II/Eksperimen II
menaik keelektropositifan.
Reaction between 25 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid, HCl and 25 cm3
..... of 2.0 mol dm-3 ammonia solution.
[3 marks] Tindak3 balas antara 25 cm3 asid hidroklorik, HCl 2.0 mol dm-3 dan 25 cm3
larutan ammonia 2.0 mol dm-3.
(f) Suggest the possible voltage if X and Z electrodes is used to construct
electrochemical series. 30 40
Cadangkan nilai voltan yang mungkin jika elektrod X dan Z digunakan untuk
membina siri elektrokimia. 1(f)
30
.... 20
[3 marks] 3
Stir Polystyrene cup
Polystyrene cup Kacau
Cawan polisterina Cawan polisterina
Diagram 2/ Rajah 2
(a) (i) Based on Diagram 2, state one observation. (d) Based on the temperatures in Experiment II, predict the change in temperature if
Berdasarkan Rajah 2, nyatakan satu pemerhatian. hydrochloric acid is replaced by ethanoic acid.
Berdasarkan suhu dalam Eksperimen II, ramalkan perubahan suhu jika asid
. hidroklorik digantikan dengan asid etanoik.
. .
[3 marks] [3 marks]
(ii) State the inference based on the observation.
Nyatakan inferens berdasarkan pemerhatian itu.
..
...
[3 marks]
(b) Based on the results in Diagram 2, state the relationship between the temperature
change and the type of alkali that react with hydrochloric acid.
Berdasarkan keputusan dalam Rajah 2, nyatakan hubungan antara perubahan
suhu dengan jenis alkali yang bertindak balas dengan asid hidroklorik.
..
...
[3 marks]
(c) State the operational definition for exothermic reaction.

Nyatakan definisi secara operasi untuk tindak balas eksotermik.

[3 marks]
Pahang 2016 Soalan Percubaan SPM Negeri 2016
1. Diagram 1.1 shows the apparatus set-up for an experiment to compare the Diagram 1.3(a) shows the dent formed on copper block for experiments in Set I, Set
hardness between bronze and pure copper. 1.0 kg weight is dropped at 1m height II and Set III.
had hit the steel ball bearing on the block. Rajah 1.3(a) menunjukkan lekuk yang terhasil di atas blok kuprum bagi eksperimen
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi eksperimen membandingkan Set I, Set II dan Set III.
kekerasan antara gangsa dan kuprum tulen. Pemberat 1.0 kg dilepaskan pada
Experiment Dent on copper block
ketinggian 1m telah menghentak bebola keluli pada blok.
Eksperimen Lekuk atas blok kuprum
Set I
Diameter of dent : .
Diameter lekuk
Diagram 1.1/ Rajah 1.1

Set II
Diagram 1.2 shows the dent formed on the block.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan lekuk yang terbentuk atas blok itu.
Diameter lekuk
Set III
Diameter lekuk
Diagram 1.2/ Rajah 1.2 Diagram 1.3a/ Rajah 1.3a
Diagram 1.3(b) shows the dent formed on bronze block for experiments in Set I, Set (a) By using the ruler shown in the diagram, measure the diameter of dents and
II and Set III. record the reading in Diagram 1.3(a) and 1.3(b)
Rajah 1.3(b) menunjukkan lekuk yang terhasil di atas blok gangsa bagi eksperimen Dengan menggunakan pembaris yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah itu, ukur
Set I, Set II dan Set III.
diametersahaja lekuk dan rekodkan bacaan dalam Rajah 1.3(a) dan 1.3(b).
Experiment Dent on bronze block [3 marks]
Eksperimen Lekuk atas blok gangsa
(b) Construct a table to record the diameters and the average diameters of dents on
copper and bronze blocks.
Bina satu jadual untuk merekod diameter lekuk dan purata diameter lekuk pada
bongkah kuprum dan gangsa.
Set I
Diameter lekuk
[3 marks]
(c) The average diameter of dents on bronze block is different from the copper block
due to the arrangement of particles. Explain why.
Set II Purata diameter lekuk blok gangsa adalah berbeza dengan blok kuprum
disebabkan oleh susunan zarah-zarah. Terangkan mengapa.
Diameter lekuk
..

[3 marks]
Set III (d) State all the variables for the experiment:
Nyatakan semua pemboleh ubah bagi eksperimen itu:
Diameter of dent : . (i) The manipulated variable:..

Diameter lekuk Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan
Diagram 1.3b/ Rajah 1.3b

(ii) The responding variable: . (g) State the operational definition for the hardness of block in this experiment.
Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi kekerasan blok dalam eksperimen ini.
(iii) The constant variable :.

Pemboleh ubah dimalarkan
[3 marks] ..
(e) State the hypothesis for this experiment.

Nyatakan hipotesis untuk eksperimen itu.
[3 marks]
(h) Predict the diameter of the copper block if the experiment is repeated using 2.0
kg of weight and was dropped on the steel ball bearing at the same height.
.. Ramalkan diameter bagi blok kuprum jika eksperimen ini diulangi menggunakan
pemberat 2.0kg dan dijatuhkan ke atas bebola keluli pada ketinggian yang sama.

[3 marks]
..
(f) (i) State one observation that can be obtained from the experiments other
than diameter of the dent.

Nyatakan satu pemerhatian yang dapat diperolehi daripada eksperimen itu [3 marks]
selain daripada diameter lekuk.
(i) Diagram 1.4 shows a few materials.
Rajah 1.4 menunjukkan beberapa bahan.
Duralumin Tin Chromium Brass Pewter Iron
.. Duralumin Timah Kromium Loyang Piuter Besi
Classify these materials into metals and alloys by completing the Table 1.
Kelaskan bahan-bahan itu kepada logam dan aloi dengan melengkapkan Jadual 1
[3 marks]
[3 marks]
(ii) State the inference based on your answer in f(i).
Nyatakan inferens berdasarkan jawapan anda di f(i). Metals Alloys
Logam Aloi

..
[3 marks]
(j) Iron spoon and steel spoon are put on wet cotton and left aside for 3 days and
then until one week. What is the relationship between the observations obtain
and time?
Sudu besi dan sudu keluli diletakkan di atas kapas lembap dan dibiarkan selama
3 hari dan seterusnya sehingga satu minggu. Apakah hubungan antara
pemerhatian yang diperolehi dengan masa?
..

[3 marks]
SBP 2016 Soalan Percubaan SPM Negeri 2016
1. Diagram 1.1 and Diagram 1.2 show two experiments carried out by a student to Inititial temperature of potassium hydroxide : ..
determine the heat of neutralization for the reaction between alkali and two Suhu awal kalium hidroksida:
different types of acid.
Rajah 1.1 dan Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan dua eksperimen yang dijalankan oleh Highest temperature of the mixture :
seorang pelajar untuk menentukan haba peneutralan bagi tindak balas antara Suhu tertinggi campuran:
alkali dan dua jenis asid yang berlainan. Temperature change :
Perubahan suhu:
Experiment I
Reaction between 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 potassium hydroxide solution, KOH and
50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid, HCl. Experiment II
Eksperimen I Reaction between 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 potassium hydroxide solution, KOH and 50
Tindak balas antara 50 cm3 larutan kalium hidroksida, KOH 2.0 mol dm-3 dan 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid, CH3COOH.
cm3 asid hidroklorik, HCl 2.0 mol dm-3. Eksperimen II
Tindak balas antara 50 cm3 larutan kalium hidroksida, KOH 2.0 mol dm-3 dan 50 cm3
asid etanoik, CH3COOH 2.0 mol dm-3.
Initial temperature of hydrochloric acid :

Suhu awal asid hidroklorik:
Initial temperature of ethanoic acid : (c) For this experiment, state the:
Suhu awal asid etanoik: Bagi eksperimen ini, nyatakan:
Inititial temperature of potassium hydroxide :. (i) Manipulated variable:
Suhu awal kalium hidroksida:
Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan: .
Highest temperature of the mixture :
Suhu tertinggi campuran: (ii) Responding variable:
Pembolehubah bergerak balas:
Temperature change :
Perubahan suhu: (iii) Constant variable:
Pembolehubah dimalarkan:...
(a) Record the initial temperature of the solutions, the highest temperature of the [3 marks]
mixture and the temperature change for experiments in Diagram 1.1 and
Diagram 1.2 in the spaces provided. (d) State one hypothesis for this experiment.
Rekodkan suhu awal larutan, suhu tertinggi campuran dan perubahan suhu Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.
untuk eksperimen dalam Rajah 1.1 dan Rajah 1.2 dalam ruangan yang
disediakan.
[3 marks]
..
(b) Construct a table to record the data from both experiments.
Bina satu jadual untuk merekod data bagi kedua-dua eksperimen.
[3 marks] [3 marks]
(e) Based on experiment II, state three observations and three respective
inferences for the experiment.
Berdasarkan eksperimen II, nyatakan tiga pemerhatian dan tiga inferens yang
sepadan bagi eksperimen ini.
(g) State the operational definition for the heat of neutralization for this
Observations Inferences
experiment.
Pemerhatian Inferens
Nyatakan definisi secara operasi untuk haba peneutralan bagi eksperimen
1 . . ini.
. .
. . ..
2 . .
[3 marks]
. .
(h) State the relationship between type of acid and value of heat of neutralization.
. . Nyatakan hubungan antara jenis asid dan nilai haba peneutralan.
3 . .
. . ..
. .
[3 marks]
(f) Calculate the heat of neutralization for the reaction in experiment I. (i) The experiment is repeated by using solution P and solution Q as shown in
[Specific heat capacity of a solution = 4.2 J g-1 oC-1, density of solutions = 1.0 g Diagram 1.3.
Eksperimen diulangi dengan menggunakan larutan P dan larutan Q seperti
cm-3 ]
yang ditujukkan dalam Rajah 1.3.
Hitung haba peneutralan untuk tindak balas dalam eksperimen I.
[Muatan haba tentu larutan = 4.2 J g-1 oC-1, ketumpatan larutan = 1.0 g cm-3]
[3 marks] Predict the temperature change when the solutions are mixed.
Ramalkan perubahan suhu apabila kedua-dua larutan dicampurkan.
MRSM 2016 Soalan Percubaan SPM Negeri 2016
1 A student carried out an experiment to investigate the heat of neutralization of
sodium hydroxide solution with two different acids.
[3 marks] Diagram 1.1 and 1.2 show the initial temperature reading of solution and highest
temperature reading of the mixture.
(j) Table 1 shows the theoretical value of heat of neutralisation of some acids when Seorang pelajar telah menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji haba
react with potassium hydroxide solution. Classify the following acids into acids peneutralan antara larutan natrium hidroksida dengan dua asid yang berbeza.
that ionise completely and partially in water. Rajah 1.1 dan 1.2 menunjukkan bacaan suhu awal larutan dan bacaan suhu
tertinggi bagi campuran.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan nilai teori haba peneutralan bagi beberapa asid apabila
bertindak balas dengan larutan kalium hidroksida. Kelaskan asid berikut
kepada asid yang mengion lengkap dan mengion separa dalam air.
Name of acid Heat of neutralization/ kJ mol-1

Nama asid Haba peneutralan/ kJ mol-1
Acid W - 57.0
Asid W
Acid X - 12.0
Asid X
Acid Y - 50.5
Asid Y
Acid Z -57.2
Asid Z
[3 marks]

a) Record the reading of the initial temperature of solution and highest temperature
of mixture in the spaces provided in Diagram 1.1 and Diagram 1.2.
Catatkan bacaan suhu awal larutan dan suhu tertinggi campuran dalam ruang
yang disediakan dalam Rajah 1.1 dan Rajah 1.2.
[3 marks]
(b) Calculate and complete the table below.

Hitung dan lengkapkan jadual dibawah.
(c) For this experiment, state the: (f) State the relationship between the strength of the acid and heat of neutralization.
Bagi eksperimen ini, nyatakan: Nyatakan hubungan antara kekuatan asid dan haba peneutralan.
(i) Manipulated variable:

..
(ii) Responding variable:
[3 marks]
(iii) Constant variable:
Pembolehubah dimalarkan:... (g) Classify the following acids to strong acids and weak acids.
[3 marks] Kelaskan asid berikut kepada asid kuat dan asid lemah.
(d) State one hypothesis for this experiment. Sulphuric acid Carbonic acid Methanoic acid
Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini. Asid sulfurik Asid karbonik Asid metanoik
Phosphoric acid Hydrochloric acid

Asid fosforik Asid hidroklorik
..
Strong acids Weak acids
Asid kuat Asid lemah
[3 marks]
(e) State the operational definition of heat of neutralization for the experiment.
Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi haba peneutralan bagi eksperimen ini.
[3 marks]

(h) Draw energy level diagram for Set I.
..
Lukiskan gambar rajah aras tenaga untuk Set I.

[3 marks]
[3 marks]
2 Diagram 2 shows the set-up of apparatus used to investigate the cleansing action of (ii) Based on the observation in 2(a)(i), state your inference.
soap and detergent on a pair of socks with oily stain. Berdasarkan pemerhatian pada 2(a)(i), nyatakan inferens anda.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan untuk mengkaji tindakan
pencucian sabun dan detergen ke atas sepasang stokin dengan kotoran berminyak.
..

[3 marks]
(b) Experiment II is repeated by using soft water to replace hard water.

Predict your observation.
Eksperimen II diulang menggunakan air lembut menggantikan air liat.
Ramalkan pemerhatian anda.
..

[3 marks]
Diagram 2/ Rajah 2
2(a) (i) State one observation based on the Diagram 2.
Nyatakan satu pemerhatian berdasarkan pada Rajah 2.
..

[3 marks]
Kedah 2016 Soalan Percubaan SPM Negeri 2016
Two sets of experiment are conducted to compare the heat of neutralisation using two
types of acids, nitric acid, HNO3 and ethanoic acid, CH3COOH react with potassium Set Initial temperature of
hydroxide solution, KOH. Table 1 shows the initial temperature and the highest II Potassium hydroxide Highest temperature = ______
temperature of the solution mixture for both sets respectively. solution Suhu tertinggi
Dua set eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk membandingkan haba peneutralan = 28.0 oC Temperature change = ______
menggunakan dua jenis asid yang berlainan, asid nitrik, HNO3 dan asid etanoik, Suhu awal larutan kalium Perubahan suhu
CH3COOH bertindak balas dengan larutan kalium hidroksida, KOH. Jadual 1 hidroksida =28.0 oC
menunjukkan suhu awal dan suhu tertinggi campuran larutan bagi kedua-dua set Initial temperature of
masing-masing. Ethanoic acid=28.0 oC
Suhu awal asid etanoik 40
Initial temperature/ oC Highest temperature/ oC =28.0 oC
Suhu Awal Suhu tertinggi
30
Set Initial temperature of Highest temperature = ______
1 potassium hydroxide Suhu tertinggi
solution Temperature change = ______
= 28.0 oC Perubahan suhu
Suhu awal larutan kalium
hidroksida =28.0 oC
Initial temperature of nitric 25 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 KOH + 25cm3 of
acid =28.0 oC 2 mol dm-3 CH3COOH
Suhu awal asid nitrik = 25 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 KOH + 25cm3 of 2
28.0 oC mol dm-3 CH3COOH
Table 1/ Jadual 1
(a) Record the highest temperature and the change of temperature for both sets of
experiment in Table 1
Rekod suhu tertinggi dan perubahan suhu bagi kedua-dua set eksperimen dalam
25 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 potassium Jadual 1.
hydroxide solution + 25 cm3 of 2 mol [3 marks]
dm-3 nitric acid
25 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 larutan kalium (b) Construct a table that can be used to record the data from both set of experiments
hidroksida +25 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 Bina satu jadual yang boleh digunakan untuk merekod data bagi kedua-dua set
asid nitrik eksperimen
[3 marks]
(i)..
(ii)
(iii)
[3 marks]
(f) State the inference based on the answer in 1(e)

(c) State one hypothesis for both sets of experiment. Nyatakan inferens berdasarkan jawapan dalam 1(e)
Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi kedia dua set eksperimen.
.

.
.. [3 marks]
(g) Calculate the value of heat of neutralisation for the reactions in Set I and Set II
[3 marks] Hitung nilai haba peneutralan untuk tindak balas dalam Set I dan Set II
(d) For this experiment, state the: Set I Set II

Bagi eksperimen ini, nyatakan:



[3 marks]
(e) State three observations that you could obtain in Set II other than change in
temperature.
Nyatakan tiga pemerhatian yang boleh anda dapati dalam eksperimen Set II
selain daripada perubahan suhu.
[3 marks]
(h) State the relationship between type of acid used and value of heat of Name of acid Heat of neutralisation/kJmol-1
neutralisation. Explain your answer. Nama asid Haba peneutralan/ kJmol-1
Nyatakan hubungan antara jenis asid dan nilai haba peneutralan.
Terangkan jawapan anda. Acid W -50.3
Acid X -57.2
Acid Y -50.5
Acid Z -54.0
.. [3 marks]

[3 marks]
(i) Give the operational definition for the heat of neutralisation.

Berikan definasi secara operasi untuk haba peneutralan.
..

[3 marks]
(j) Based on the temperature in Set II, predict the change in temperature if potassium
hydroxide solution replaced by ammonia solution.
Berdasarkan suhu dalam Set II, ramalkan perubahan suhu jika larutan kalium
hidroksida digantikan dengan larutan ammonia.
..
[3 marks]
(k) The experiment is repeated using acid W, acid X, acid Y and acid Z with
potassium hydroxide solution. The values of the heat of neutralisation of these
acids are given in table 1. Complete table 1 by classifying the acids as strong acid
or weak acid.
Eksperimen diulangi dengan menggunakan asid W, asid X, asid Y dan asid Z.
Nilai haba peneutralan untuk semua asid diberikan dalam jadual 1. Lengkapkan
jadual 1 dengan membuat klasifikasi asid kepada asid kuat atau asid lemah.
Perlis 2016 Soalan Percubaan SPM Negeri 2016
Diagram 1.1 and 1.2 shows the initial and final burette readings for two experiments. Experiment II
The aim of the experiments is to determine the concentration of acid. Eksperimen II
Rajah 1.1 dan 1.2 menunjukkan bacaan awal dan bacaan akhir buret bagi dua
eksperimen. Tujuan eksperimen ialah untuk menentukan kepekatan asid. Titration of hydrochloric acid of same concentration as in Experiment I with 20
cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution 1.0 mol dm-3 using phenolftalein as indicator.
Experiment I Pentitratan asid hidroklorik yang kepekatan yang sama dalam Eksperimen I dengan
Eksperimen I 20 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida 1.0 mol dm-3 menggunakan penunjuk fenolftalein.
Titration of sulphuric acid of unknown concentration with 20 cm3 of sodium

hydroxide solution 1.0 mol dm-3 using phenolftalein as indicator.
Pentitratan asid sulfurik yang tidak diketahui kepekatannya dengan 20 cm3 larutan X1 Y1
natrium hidroksida 1.0 mol dm-3 menggunakan penunjuk fenolftalein.
X2 Y2
15 25

16 26 Initial burette reading:
Bacaan awal buret: . .......................................... cm3
Diagram 1.1/Rajah 1.1 Final burette reading:

Bacaan akhir buret: ............................................ cm3
Initial burette reading: ........................................... cm3
Bacaan awal buret: Volume of acid used:
Isipadu asid yang digunakan: ........................................... cm3
Final burette reading: ............................................ cm3
Bacaan akhir buret: (a) Write the initial, final burette reading and the volume of acid used for both
experiments in the spaces provided.
Volume of acid used: ........................................... cm3 Tulis bacaan awal, akhir dan isipadu asid yang digunakan untuk kedua-dua
Isipadu asid yang digunakan: eksperimen dalam ruang yang disediakan.
[3 marks]
(b) Construct a table that consists of the initial, final burette reading and the volume
of acid for both experiments.
Bina satu jadual yang mengandungi bacaan awal, bacaan akhir buret dan
isipadu asid dalam kedua-dua eksperimen.
[3 marks]
(e) Based on the volume and concentration of sulphuric acid in Experiment I, predict
the volume of hydrochloric acid used to neutralise 20 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium
hydroxide solution in Experiment II.
Berdasarkan isipadu dan kepekatan asid sulfurik dalam Eksperimen I, ramalkan
isipadu asid hidroklorik yang diperlukan untuk meneutralkan 20 cm3 1.0 mol
dm-3 larutan natrium hidroksida.
[3 marks]
(c) Why must the initial and the final burette reading be recorded in these ..
experiments? [3 marks]
Mengapakah bacaan awal dan akhir buret perlu direkodkan dalam eksperimen
ini? (f) Explain the answer in 1(e)(i)
Terangkan jawapan dalam 1(e)(i)
....................................................................................................................................
[3 marks] ....................................................................................................................................
(d) The equation shows the reaction between sulphuric acid and sodium hydroxide ....................................................................................................................................
solution. [3 marks]
Persamaan menunjukkan tindak balas antara asid sulfurik dengan larutan
natrium hidroksida. (g) State three observations that you could obtain other than burette reading and
related inferences in both experiments.
H2SO4 + 2 NaOH Na2SO4 + 2 H2O Nyatakan tiga pemerhatian yang boleh diperoleh selain dari bacaan buret dan
inferens yang berkaitan dalam kedua-dua eksperimen.
Determine the concentration of sulphuric acid used in Experiment 1.
Tentukan kepekatan asid sulfurik yang digunakan dalam eksperimen I.
Observation Inference (i) State one hypothesis for both experiments.
Pemerhatian Inferen Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi kedua-dua eksperimen.
....................................................................................................................................
(i) ........................................................ (i) ........................................................
....................................................................................................................................
......................................................... ......................................................... [3 marks]
(j) The addition of acid to the sodium hydroxide solution in the experiment is
stopped when the end point of titration is achieved. Give the operational
(ii) ....................................................... (ii) ...................................................... definition for the end point of titration.
Penambahan asid kepada larutan natrium hidroksida dalam eksperimen
......................................................... ......................................................... dihentikan apabila takat akhir pentitratan telah tercapai. Beri definisi secara
operasi bagi takat akhir pentitratan.
....................................................................................................................................
(iii)........................................................ (iii) ......................................................
....................................................................................................................................
......................................................... .......................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
[6 marks]
(h) For this experiment, state the:

(i) Manipulated variable

Pembolehubah dimanipulasi: .


Pembolehubah dimalarkan:
[3 marks]
Modul Pecutan Kimia Kertas 3
Pulau Pinang 2016 23
1. An experiment was carried out to determine the concentration of nitric acid. A
burette was filled with nitric acid and 25.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 potassium
hydroxide was added into a conical flask. Titration was carried out and
phenolphthalein indicator was used. Pink Colourless
Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk menentukan kepekatan asid nitrik. Buret Merah jambu Tidak berwarna
diisi dengan asid nitrik dan 25.0 cm3 0.2 mol dm-3 larutan kalium hidroksida
dimasukkan ke dalam sebuah kelalang kon. Pentitratan dijalankan dan penunjuk Before end point At end point
fenolftalein digunakan. Sebelum takat akhir Pada takat akhir
Diagram 1.1 shows the results of the experiment.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan keputusan bagi eksperimen itu. (b) Based on Diagram 1.2, give an observation for this experiment.
First titration Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2, berikan satu pemerhatian untuk eksperimen ini.
Second titration
Pentitratan pertama Pentitratan kedua

[3 marks]
(c) Give an inference for the answer in 1(b).

Berikan satu inferens kepada jawapan di 1(b).

Before titration At end point [3 marks]
Before titration At end point
Sebelum pentitratan Pada takat akhir Sebelum pentitratan Pada takat akhir
(d) Determine the concentration of nitric acid.
Tentukan kepekatan asid nitrik.
(a) Record the burette reading in Table 1.

Catat bacaan buret dalam Jadual 1.
Titration Initial burette reading (cm3) Final burette reading (cm3)
Pentitratan Bacaan awal buret (cm3) Bacaan akhir buret (cm3)
First
Pertama
Second
Kedua
Table 1/ Jadual 1 [3 marks]
[3 marks]
(e) State the operational definition for end point in this experiment. (c) Table 2 shows the data obtained from the experiment. Complete the table.
Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi takat akhir dalam eksperimen ini. Jadual 2 menunjukkan data yang diperoleh daripada eksperimen itu.
Lengkapkan jadual itu.

Time taken for the mark X
.. Temperature to disappear from sight, t (s)
Experiment
(C) Masa yang diambil bagi
Eksperimen
Suhu (C) tanda X tidak kelihatan, t
[3 marks] (s)
2. A student carried out an experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on the 1 30.0 200
rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate solution and sulphuric acid.
Seorang murid telah menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan suhu ke 2 40.0 44
atas kadar tindak balas antara larutan natrium tiosulfat dengan asid sulfurik.
3 50.0 24
(a) For this experiment, state the:
4 60.0 17
Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan: . 5 70.0 13
Table 2/ Jadual 2
(ii) Responding variable: [3 marks]
(d)Based on Table 2, plot a graph of temperature of sodium thiosulphate
(iii) Constant variable: solution against
Berdasarkan Jadual 2, plot satu graf suhu larutan natrium tiosulfat melawan
[3 marks]
[3 marks]
(b) State one hypothesis for this experiment.
Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.
..

[3 marks]
(e) Based on the graph in (d), predict the time taken for the mark X to disappear from
sight if the experiment is carried out by using sodium thiosulphate solution at 80 C.
Berdasarkan graf dalam (d), ramalkan masa yang diambil bagi tanda X tidak
kelihatan jika eksperimen itu dilakukan dengan menggunakan larutan natrium
n
tiosulfat pada suhu 80 C.
.
N
[3 marks]
y
a
(f)
t Classify the reactions below into slow reaction and fast reaction.
a Kelaskan tindak balas di bawah kepada tindak balas perlahan dan tindak balas
k cepat.
a
Rusting of iron Photosynthesis
s Pengaratan besi Fotosintesis
a
t Combustion of petrol Neutralisation
Pembakaran petrol Peneutralan
Slow reaction Fast reaction

Tindak balas perlahan Tindak balas cepat
[3 marks]
Modul Pecutan Kimia Kertas 3
Kelantan 2016 26
1. Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan bagi menentukan kedudukan logam zink, (a) Berdasarkan Rajah 1, nyatakan satu pemerhatian dan satu inferens yang sepadan
plumbum, magnesium dan argentum dalam siri elektrokimia logam dengan bagi setiap tabung uji A, B dan C dalam Jadual 1.1.
menggunakan kaedah penyesaran logam.
5 cm3 larutan argentum nitrat 1.0 mol dm-3 dituangkan ke dalam tabung uji A, 5 Tabung uji Pemerhatian Inferens
cm3 larutan plumbum(II) nitrat 1.0 mol dm-3 dituangkan ke dalam tabung uji B A
dan 5 cm3 larutan zink nitrat 1.0 mol dm-3 dituangkan ke dalam tabung uji C.
5 cm kepingan plumbum di masukkan ke dalam tabung uji A, 5 cm kepingan
zink dimasukkan ke dalam tabung uji B dan 5 cm kepingan magnesium B
dimasukkan ke dalam tabung uji C.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan radas dan perubahan yang berlaku selepas 20
minit eksperimen dijalankan. C
Jadual 1.1
[6 markah]
(b) Berdasarkan inferens di 1(a), susun logam logam-logam zink, plumbum, magnesium
dan argentum mengikut susunan menaik kelektropositifan logam.
[3 markah]
(c) Bagi eksperimen ini, nyatakan:
(i) Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan: ...
(ii) Pembolehubah bergerak balas:
(iii)Pembolehubah dimalarkan:...
[3 markah]
Rajah 1
(d) Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.
..

[3 markah]
(e) Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi tindak balas penyesaran logam dalam
eksperimen ini.
..

[3 markah]
(f) Nyatakan hubungan antara jisim pita magnesium dengan masa jika tabung uji
C dibiarkan dengan lebih lama.

[3 markah]
(g) Satu eksperimen lain telah dijalankan untuk membina siri elektrokimia dengan
Jadual 1.2
mengukur beza keupayan dalam beberapa buah sel kimia. Jadual 1.2
menunjukkan pasangan logam, bacaan voltmeter dan terminal positif sel kimia
(ii) Lukis satu gambar rajah lengkap untuk menunjukkan satu sel kimia bagi
itu.
pasangan logam kuprum dan argentum menggunakan larutan natrium klorida
sebagai elektrolit.
(i) Catatkan bacaan voltmeter dalam ruangan yang disediakan dalam Jadual 1.2.
[3 markah]
[3 markah]
(iii) Ramalkan bacaan voltmeter jika eksperimen di atas dilakukan dengan Negeri Sembilan 2016
menggunakan pasangan logam magnesium dan argentum. 1 A student carried out an experiment to determine the heat of combustion of
methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol.
.. Diagram 1 shows the apparatus set-up for the experiment.
[3 markah] Seorang pelajar telah menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan haba
pembakaran metanol, etanol, propanol dan butanol.
(h) Jadual 1.3 menunjukkan beberapa sel kimia dan ciri-ciri setiap sel itu. Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi eksperimen itu.
Thermometer
Termometer
Termometer
Wind shield
Pengada Aluminium can
Penghadangngangin
Bekas aluminium
angin
Water
[3 markah] Air
Lamp
Pelita
Pelita Alcohol
Wooden block Alkohol
Blok
Bongkah kayu
kayu
Diagram 1/Rajah 1
Table 1.1 shows the mass of lamp before and after burning of the alcohols.
Jadual 1.1 menunjukkan jisim pelita sebelum dan selepas pembakaran alkohol itu.
Reading of Electronic Balance Mass of alcohol used (a) State the mass of alcohols used in the spaces provided in Table 1.1.
Alcohol Bacaan Penimbang Elektronik Jisim alkohol Nyatakan jisim alkohol yang digunakan dalam ruangan yang disediakan dalam
Alkohol digunakan Jadual 1.1.
Before After [3 marks]
(g)
(b) State the variables for this experiment.

Methanol Nyatakan pembolehubah bagi eksperimen ini.
Metanol
..................... (i) Manipulated variable
CH3OH Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan
364.95 363.40
g g
.............................................................................................................................
(ii) Responding variable

Ethanol Pembolehubah bergerak balas
Etanol
.................... .............................................................................................................................
C2H5OH 322.00 320.80
g (iii) Fixed variable
g
Pembolehubah dimalarkan
.............................................................................................................................
Propanol [3 marks]
Propanol
.................... (c) State one hypothesis for this experiment.
C3H7OH 354.40 353.30 Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.
g g
...............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
Butanol [3 marks]
Butanol
....................
C4H9OH 332.90 331.29
g g
Table 1.1/Rajah 1.1
Table 1.2 shows the heat of combustion determined by the student.
Jadual 1.2 menunjukkan haba pembakaran yang telah ditentukan oleh pelajar itu.
Alcohol Heat of combustion (kJ mol-1)

Alkohol Haba pembakaran (kJ mol-1)
Methanol
540
Metanol
Ethanol
970
Etanol
Propanol
1400
Propanol
Butanol
1830
Butanol
Table 1.2/Jadual 1.2
(d) Using the data in Table 1.2, draw a bar chart of heat combustion of alcohols
against types of alcohol.
Dengan menggunakan Jadual 1.2, lukis carta bar bagi haba pembakaran
alkohol melawan jenis alkohol.
[3 marks]
(e) Predict the value of heat of combustion of pentanol.

Draw a bar of pentanol on the graph in (d).
Ramalkan nilai haba pembakaran bagi pentanol.
Lukis satu bar bagi pentanol pada graf di (d).
.............................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
(f) State the operational definition of heat of combustion of alcohol in this (a) (i) Based on Diagram 2, state the observation of this experiment.
experiment. Berdasarkan Rajah 2, nyatakan pemerhatian bagi eksperimen ini.
Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi haba pembakaran alkohol dalam
eksperimen ini. ................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
............................................................................................................................. (ii) State an inference based on your observation.
Nyatakan inferens berdasarkan pemerhatian anda.
.............................................................................................................................
[3 marks] ........................................................................................................................
2 Diagram 2 shows the set-up of the apparatus used in Experiments I and II to ................................................................................................................................
investigate the effect of the quantity of manganese(IV) oxide as catalyst on the rate [3 marks]
of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide for the first 30 seconds.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan dalam Eksperimen I dan Table 2 show the volume of gas evolved for the first 30 s in Experiment I and
Eksperimen II untuk mengkaji kesan kuantiti mangkin mangan(IV) oksida Experiment II using different quantity of catalyst.
terhadap kadar penguraian hidrogen peroksida bagi 30 saat pertama. Jadual 2 menunjukkan isipadu gas yang terbebas dalam 30 s pertama dalam
Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II dengan menggunakan kuantiti mangkin yang
berbeza.
Volume of gas evolved(cm3)
Isipadu gas yang terbebas (cm3)
Experiment I Experiment II
Time(s) Eksperimen I Eksperimen II
Masa(s)
0.1 g of manganese(IV) 0.2 g of manganese(IV)
oxide powder oxide powder
0.1 g serbuk mangan(IV) 0.2 g serbuk mangan(IV)
oksida oksida
0 0.00 0.00
30 12.00 20.00
Table 2/Jadual 2
Diagram 2/Rajah 2
(b) Use data in Table 2, calculate the average of rate of reaction for both (d) The following are the examples of reactions:
experiments. Compare the both rate of reactions. Rusting of iron
Gunakan data dalam Jadual 2 hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata bagi kedua- Potassium reacts with water
dua eksperimen. Bandingkan kedua-dua kadar tindak balas tersebut. Magnesium ribbon burns in air
Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide
Berikut ialah contoh tindak balas:

Pengaratan besi
Kalium bertindak balas dengan air
Pita magnesium terbakar dalam udara
Penguraian hidrogen peroksida
Classify the above reactions into slow and fast reactions.

Kelaskan tindak balas-tindak balas di atas kepada tindak balas perlahan
dan cepat.
[3 marks]
(c) Reaction in Experiment II is completed at 120 s. State the change of bubbles

formed from 30 s to 120 s. Explain your answer.
Tindak balas dalam Eksperimen II telah lengkap pada masa 120 s. Nyatakan
perubahan gelembung gas yang terbentuk dari 30 s ke 120 s. Jelaskan jawapan
anda.
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
[3 marks]
Terengganu 2016 (a) Problem statement/ Pernyataan masalah:
What is the relationship between the pH value with molarity/concentration of acid?
Diagram 3 shows four test tubes containing hydrochloric acid, HCl with different concentrations. //Does the molarity/concentration of acid affect the pH value? //
Rajah 3 menunjukkan empat tabung uji yang mengandungi asid hidroklorik, HCl dengan kepekatan Does the pH increases/changes when the molarity/concentration of acid
yang berbeza. decreases/changes?
(b) All the variables/Semua pembolehubah:

Manipulated variable : Molarity// Concentration // 0.0001 mol dm-3,
0.001 mol dm-3, 0.01 mol dm-3, 0.1 mol dm-3
Responding variable : pH value
Constant variable : Hydrochloric acid/HCl // Type of acid, r : volume of acid
(c) Hypothesis/Hipotesis
Diagram 3/Rajah 3 The higher/lower the molarity/concentration of hydrochloric acid, the lower/higher the
pH value
Using the acid in Diagram 3, plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the relationship between pH
value with molarity of acid. (d) List of materials and apparatus/ Senarai bahan dan radas
Menggunakan asid di dalam Rajah 3, rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk menyiasat hubungan Material: 0.0001 mol dm-3, 0.001 mol dm-3, 0.01 mol dm-3, 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric
antara nilai pH dengan kemolaran asid. acid/HCl
Apparatus: pH meter/pH paper/universal indicator, test tube/beaker/[any suitable
Your planning must include the following items:
container]
Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut:
(e) Procedure /Prosedur
(a) Problem statement
Pernyataan masalah 1. Pour 0.0001 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid into test tube/beaker
2. Immerse/Dip pH meter into the acid // Put in a few drops of universal indicator
(b) All the variables into the acid
Semua pembolehubah 3. Record the pH value
4. Repeat step 1 to 3 by using 0.001 mol dm-3, 0.01 mol dm-3 and 0.1 mol dm-3
(c) Hypothesis hydrochloric acid
Hipotesis
(f) Tabulation of data/Penjadualan data
(d) List of materials and apparatus
Senarai bahan dan radas
Molarity/Concentration of acid/ mol dm-3 pH value
(e) Procedure 0.1
Prosedur 0.01
0.001
(f) Tabulation of data
Penjadualan data 0.0001
[17 marks]
[17 marks]
SBP 2016
(a) Problem statement/ Pernyataan masalah:
Does vulcanised rubber is more elastic than unvulcanised rubber?//
Does unvulcanised rubber is less elastic than vulcanised rubber?

(i) Manipulated variable : Type of rubber//
Vulcanised rubber and unvulcanised rubber
(ii) Responding variable : Elasticity of rubber
(iii) Fixed variable : Length of rubber/ Mass of weight.
Vulcanised rubber is more elastic than unvulcanised rubber//
Unvulcanised rubber is less elastic than vulcanised rubber.
(d) List of materials and apparatus/ Senarai bahan dan radas

Materials:
Vulcanised rubber strip, Unvulcanised rubber strip
Apparatus:
Retort stand with clamp, Meter ruler, Clip, [50 - 100]g Weight

1. Measure and cut vulcanised rubber strip into [10 - 15] cm length.
2. Record the initial length of the rubber strip.
Based on the above conversation, plan an experiment to compare the elasticity of 3. Hang the vulcanised rubber strip at 50 cm height.
unvulcanised rubber and vulcanised rubber. 4. Hang [50-100] g weight at the rubber strip.
Berdasarkan perbualan di atas, rancang satu eksperimen untuk membandingkan 5. Measure and record the length of the rubber after stretched/ with weight.
kekenyalan getah tak tervulkan dan getah tervulkan. 6. Remove the weight, measure and record the length of rubber strip.
7. Repeat steps 1 to 6 by using unvulcanised rubber strip.
Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut: (f) Tabulation of data/Penjadualan data
(a) Problem statement (d) List of materials and apparatus Type of rubber
Initial length Length after weight is
Pernyataan masalah Senarai bahan dan radas strips
(cm) removed (cm)
(b) All the variables (e) Procedure Vulcanised rubber

Semua pembolehubah Prosedur
Unvulcanised
(c) Hypothesis (f) Tabulation of data rubber
Hipotesis Penjadualan data
[17 marks] [17 marks]
Perlis 2016 (a) Problem statement/ Pernyataan masalah:
How does acids and alkalis affects on the coagulation of latex?//
Does acids and alkalis affects on the coagulation of latex?//
Diagram 2 shows how fresh latex produced from rubber tree and a coagulated latex
What is the effect of acids and alkalis on the coagulation of latex?//
transform into rubber sheets.
Does latex coagulate when acid is added and does not coagulate when alkali ia added?
Rajah 2 menunjukkan bagaiman susu getah diperolehi dari pokok getah dan latek yang
telah dibekukan ditukarkan menjadi getah keping. (b) All the variables/Semua pembolehubah:
Manipulated variable
Type of acids and alkalis // ammonia solution and ethanoic acid
Responding variable
coagulation of latex//coagulate or not
Constant variable
Volume of latex / acid / (ammonia solution) / alkali // latex / temperature
The presence of ethanoic acid, latex coagulate and the presence of ammonia, latex does
not coagulate// When ethanoic acid is added to the latex, coagulation occur but when
ammonia solution is added to the latex, coagulation do not occur.
Referring to the diagram, plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of acids and (d) List of materials and apparatus/ Senarai bahan dan radas
alkali on the coagulation of latex. Materials: Latex, ethanoic acid, ammonia solution
Merujuk kepada rajah di atas, rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk mengkaji kesan asid Apparatus: beaker, glass rod
dan alkali ke atas pengumpalan lateks.
Your planning must include the following items: 1. latex is poured is into a beaker.
Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut: 2. ethanoic acid is added into the beaker
3. The mixture is stirred with a glass rod.
(a) Problem statement (d) List of materials and apparatus 4. The changes occurred are observed and recorded.
Pernyataan masalah Senarai bahan dan radas 5. The step 1 to 4 are repeated by replacing ethanoic acid with ammonia solution.
(b) All the variables (e) Procedure (f) Tabulation of data/Penjadualan data
Semua pembolehubah Prosedur Mixture//substance added to Observation//coagulate or not
latex
(c) Hypothesis (f) Tabulation of data Latex + ethanoic acid//ethanoic
Hipotesis Penjadualan data acid
Latex + ammonia
[17 marks]
solution//ammonia
[17 marks]
Kedah 2016 (a) Problem statement/ Pernyataan masalah:
Do the types of electrodes affect the types of products formed at anode?//
Diagram 2 shows the conversation between two students about the electrolysis experiment. Does the type of electrode/ anode affect the choice of ions to be discharged?
Rajah 2 menunjukkan perbualan antara dua orang pelajar tentang eksperimen elektrolisis.
Ahmad : I carried out an experiment of electrolysis copper(II) sulphate Manipulated variable: Types of electrode/ anode
solution using carbon electrodes. I observed the gas bubbles are released at Responding variable: Product formed at the anode
anode. Fixed variable: Electrolyte// The concentration of electrolyte
Saya telah menjalankan eksperimen elektrolisis larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
dengan menggunakan elektrod karbon. Saya perhatikan gelembong gas (c) Hypothesis/Hipotesis
dibebaskan di anod. When carbon electrodes are used oxygen/ bubble produced and
Muthu: When I used copper as electrodes, I observed the anode become when copper electrodes are used brown solid/ copper formed at the anode.
thinner.
Bila saya menggunakan kuprum sebagai elektrod, saya perhatikan anod (d) List of materials and apparatus/ Senarai bahan dan radas
semakin nipis Materials: copper(II) sulphate solution, (0.5 - 2.0) mol dm-3 //any suitable solution that
match with metal plate used, carbon rod, copper plate// any metal plate that match with
Referring to the conversation above, plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the effect a solution used, wooden splinter// any suitable material used for testing a gas or any
of the type of electrode to the product at anode. product at anode.
Merujuk kepada perbualan di atas, rancang satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan jenis Apparatus: electrolytic cell, battery, connecting wire, test tube
elektrod ke atas hasil di anod.
Your planning must include the following items: 1. Fill the electrolytic cell (beaker) with half full of copper(II) sulphate solution (any
Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut: suitable electrolyte that match with metal plate used).
2. A test tube filled with copper(II) solution is inverted on the anode carbon electrode.
(a) Problem statement (d) List of materials and apparatus 3. Complete the circuit.
Pernyataan masalah Senarai bahan dan radas 4. Electricity is flowed.
5. Record observation at anode.
(b) All the variables (e) Procedure 6. Step 1 -5 is repeated using copper plate
(c) Hypothesis (f) Tabulation of data
Hipotesis Penjadualan data Type of electrode Observation
Carbon
[17 marks] Copper/ any metal
[17 marks]
Pahang 2016 (a) Problem statement/ Pernyataan masalah:
Does the type of electrodes /anode affect the type of products formed during the
Maryam and Aiman had carried out an experiment to investigate the electrolysis of copper(II) electrolysis?
sulphate solution using two difference types of electrode. Diagram 2 shows the conversation
between the chemistry teacher and both students about the observation at anode.
Manipulated variable: type of electrodes / anode // carbon electrode, copper electrode.
Maryam dan Aiman telah menjalankan eksperimen mengkaji elektrolisis larutan kuprum(II)
Responding variable: products formed at the anode.
sulfat menggunakan dua jenis elektrod yang berbeza. Rajah 2 menunjukkan perbualan
Fixed variable: electrolyte/ copper(ll) sulphate solution
antara guru kimia dan kedua-dua pelajar itu mengenai pemerhatian di anod.
When carbon electrode is used the oxygen gas is released, when copper electrode is used
the Cu2+ ion formed //
When carbon electrode is used gas bubble is released, when copper electrode is used the
copper thinner //
When copper electrodes are used instead of carbon electrodes, the type of product
formed at anode is different.

Materials: Copper(ll) sulphate, CuSO4 solution
Apparatus: Batteries, Connecting wire, Carbon electrodes, Copper electrodes
Electrolytic cell / beaker

1. Pour the copper(ll) sulphate solution into the beaker
2. Connect carbon electrodes to batteries
3. Dip the carbon electrodes into copper(II) sulphate solution
Referring to the conversation above, plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of
the type of electrode to the product at anode. 4. Record the observation.
Merujuk kepada perbualan di atas, rancang satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan jenis 5. Repeat the experiment using copper electrodes to replace
elektrod ke atas hasil di anod. carbon electrodes.
Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut: 6. Tabulation of data/Penjadualan data
Type of electrodes Observation at anode

(a) Problem statement (d) List of materials and apparatus
Pernyataan masalah Senarai bahan dan radas Carbon
Copper
(b) All the variables (e) Procedure
[17 marks]
[17 marks]
MRSM 2016 (a) Problem statement/ Pernyataan masalah:
Does different concentration of sodium chloride solution affect the product formed at
Diagram 3 shows a conversation between two students about product formed at anode after anode?// Does dilute sodium chloride solution produce oxygen gas/gas ignite the glowing
electrolysis of sodium chloride solution. wooden splinter at anode AND does concentrated sodium chloride solution produce
Rajah 3 menunjukkan perbualan antara dua orang pelajar mengenai hasil yang terbentuk chlorine gas/gas turns moist blue litmus paper to red and then bleached at anode.
di anod selepas menjalankan elektrolisis larutan natrium klorida. (b) All the variables/Semua pembolehubah:
Manipulated variable : Concentration of sodium chloride solution
a: Dilute(concentration 0.001 M) ,Concentrated (concentration 0.1 M)
Responding variable : Product formed at anode // Ion discharged at anode
Fixed variable : Sodium chloride solution // Type of electrode // Carbon electrode
When higher concentration of sodium chloride solution is used, chlorine gas/ gas then
turns moist blue litmus paper to red is produced / Cl- ion is discharged at anode AND
when lower concentration of sodium chloride solution is used, oxygen gas/ gas ignite the
glowing wooden splinter is produced / OH- ion is discharged at anode

Material : [concentration > 0.1] mol dm-3 /concentrated sodium chloride
solution, [concentration 0.001] mol dm-3/ dilute sodium chloride solution, Wooden
splinter// any suitable material used for testing a gas or any product at anode, Blue
litmus paper,Battery
Based on the above situation, plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of the Apparatus :Electrolytic cell // Beaker , Connecting wire, Test tube, Carbon rod
concentration of sodium chloride solution on the product formed at anode in the
electrolysis. (e) Procedure /Prosedur
Berdasarkan situasi di atas, rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk menyiasat kesan 1. Fill the electrolytic cell /beaker with half full of
kepekatan larutan natrium klorida terhadap hasil yang terbentuk di anod dalam [concentration 0.1] mol dm-3 of sodium chloride solution
elektrolisis. 2. Invert a test tube filled with sodium chloride solution on the anode carbon
electrode.
Your planning must include the following items: 3. Complete the circuit.
Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut: 4. Collect and test the gas released at anode
5. Record observation.
(a) Problem statement (d) List of materials and apparatus 6. Repeat step 1-5 by using [concentration 0.001] moldm-3 sodium chloride solution
Pernyataan masalah Senarai bahan dan radas to replace [concentration 0.1] mol dm-3 of sodium chloride solution
(b) All the variables (e) Procedure Concentration of sodium chloride solution Observation
Semua pembolehubah Prosedur / mol dm-3
(c) Hypothesis (f) Tabulation of data [concentration 0.1] mol dm-3 / Concentrated
Hipotesis Penjadualan data [concentration 0.001] mol dm-3 / Dilute
[17 marks] [17 marks]
Negeri Sembilan 2016 (a) Problem statement/ Pernyataan masalah:

Does an acid need water to show its acidic properties?

Manipulated variable: Presence of water
Responding variable: acidic properties//Colour change in litmus paper
Fixed variable: Type of acid //Glacial ethanoic acid
Water is needed for an acid to show its acidic properties

Apparatus: test tubes/boiling tubes/petri dish, droppers
Materials: Glacial ethanoic acid, water, blue litmus paper

1. Drop ethanoic acid into a test tube
2. Dip a dry blue litmus paper in the acid.
3. Record observation
4. Add (1-5) cm3 of water to the acid.
Referring to the conversation above, plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the role of
5. Dip a dry blue litmus papers to the mixture
solvent to show the properties of acids.
6. Record observation.
Merujuk kepada perbualan di atas, rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk menyiasat
peranan pelarut untuk menunjukkan sifat-sifat asid.
Eksperiment Observation
Glacial ethanoic acid
Glacial ethanoic acid+Water
Pernyataan masalah Senarai bahan dan radas
[17 marks]

[17 marks]
Pulau Pinang 2016
Sarah is helping her mother to wash the clothes. She then tries to wash a pair of socks Which water source allows soap to clean the oil stain on the cloth? //
stained with oil using soap and water from two different sources as shown in Table 3. What is the cleansing action of soap on the cloth with oil stain using hard water and soft
Sarah found that the cleaning was only effective when using the water from one of the water?
sources.
Sarah sedang membantu ibunya membasuh baju. Dia cuba membasuh sepasang sarung
Manipulated variable: Type of water // Water source A and water source B
kaki yang dikotori dengan minyak menggunakan sabun dan air daripada dua sumber yang
Responding variable : Cleansing action of soap // Presence or absence of oil stain
berlainan seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 3. Sarah mendapati bahawa pencucian
Fixed variable : Size of oil stain // soap
hanya berkesan apabila menggunakan air daripada salah satu sumber.
Concentration (mg dm-3) Soap in hard water has better cleansing effect than soap in soft water.
Water source Kepekatan (mg dm-3)
Sumber air (d) List of materials and apparatus/ Senarai bahan dan radas
Ca2+ Mg2+ Materials : Water from sources A and B, Soap, socks / shirts / pants/ clothes with oil
A 36 12 stain
Apparatus : Beaker / Basin, Glass rod
B 2 1
Table 3/ Jadual 3 (e) Procedure /Prosedur
1. Pour water from source A into a beaker until half full.
You are given a task to plan a laboratory experiment to study the effectiveness of the 2. Add 2 spatulas of soap into the beaker.
cleansing action of soap on the socks which are stained with oil using water from two 3. Stir the mixture
different sources in Table 3. 4. Place a piece of sock with oil stain into the beaker.
Anda diberikan satu tugasan untuk merancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk mengkaji 5. Stir the sock in the soap solution.
keberkesanan tindakan pencucian sabun ke atas sarung kaki yang dikotori dengan minyak 6. Observe the oil stain on the sock and record it.
menggunakan air daripada dua sumber berlainan di dalam Jadual 3. 7. Repeat the experiment by using water from source B.
Your planning must include the following items: (f) Tabulation of data/Penjadualan data
Water Observation
(a) Problem statement (d) List of materials and apparatus Air Pemerhatian
Pernyataan masalah Senarai bahan dan radas Source A
Sumber A
(b) All the variables (e) Procedure Source B
Semua pembolehubah Prosedur Sumber B
(c) Hypothesis (f) Tabulation of data [17 marks]
[17 marks]
Kelantan 2016 Adakah/ Bagaimanakah saiz/ jumlah luas permukaan yang berbeza logam/karbonat
logam/[nama]* mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas apabila bertindak balas dengan asid
Gambar foto 2.1 dan 2.2 menunjukkan tindak balas antara ketulan marmar, CaCO 3 dengan [nama]*
asid hidroklorik, HCl
Manipulated variable: Saiz bahan/ [nama bahan]
Responding variable : Kadar tindak balas
Fixed variable : Isipadu dan kepekatan asid/suhu
Semakin kecil/besar saiz (logam/karbonat logam/[nama]*), semakin tinggi/rendah kadar
tindak balas.

Materials : zink/magnesium/magnesium karbonat/zink karbonat, air
Apparatus : Jam randik, kelalang kon, silinder penyukat, basin, kaki retot, neraca dan
tiub penghantar bersama penumbat getah.
Kenal pasti faktor yang menyebabkan perbezaan pemerhatian yang terdapat dalam tabung
uji gambar foto 2.1 dan 2.2. (e) Procedure /Prosedur
Berdasarkan faktor yang anda nyatakan itu, rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk 1. 5 cm pita magnesium dibersihkan dengan kertas pasir.
menyiasat kesan faktor itu terhadap kadar tindak balas antara: 2. 50 cm 3 asid hidroklorik 2.0 mol dm-3 disukat dan dimasukkan ke dalam kelalang
(j) Logam yang dinamakan dengan asid yang dinamakan kon.
Atau 3. Magnesium dimasukkan ke dalam kelalang dan jam randik dimulakan.
(ii) Logam karbonat yang dinamakan dengan asid yang dinamakan. 4. Kelalang digoncang perlahan-lahan.
5. Masa untuk semua logam larut direkodkan.
Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut: 6. Langkah 1 hingga 5 diulangi dengan menggunakan 5 keping pita magnesium bersaiz
1 cm.
Pernyataan masalah Senarai bahan dan radas (f) Tabulation of data/Penjadualan data


[17 marks]
[17 marks]
Melaka 2016 Does different metal have different reactivity towards oxygen?
Method to store metal depends on reactivity of metal towards oxygen. For example, (b) All the variables/Semua pembolehubah:
sodium is kept in paraffin oil, calcium is put in a vacuumed desicator and zinc is wrapped Manipulated variable: Type of metal// Different metals// Any four different metals in
with paper. The reactivity of the metals is compared by observing the brightness of flame Reactivity Series except K, Na & Ca.
or glow when the metal burns in oxygen. Responding variable: Brightness / intensity of flame or glow // Reactivity of metal
Kaedah penyimpanan logam bergantung kepada kereaktifan logam itu terhadap oksigen. Fixed variable: Potassium manganate(VII)// Quantity/ mass of metals/ potassium
Sebagai contoh, natrium disimpan dalam minyak parafin, kalsium disimpan dalam manganate(VII)
desikator yang kedap udara dan zink dibalut dengan kertas.
Kereaktifan logam dibandingkan dengan memerhatikan kecerahan nyalaan atau baraan (c) Hypothesis/Hipotesis
semasa logam terbakar dalam oksigen. The higher the position of metal in Reactivity Series, the brighter the flame or glow / the
Diagram 2.1 shows the set-up of apparatus for an experiment to determine the order of higher the reactivity of metal.
metals in the Reactivity Series.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi eksperimen untuk menentukan susunan (d) List of materials and apparatus/ Senarai bahan dan radas
logamlogam dalam Siri Kereaktifan Logam Magnesium, Copper, Iron, Zinc, potassium manganate(VII), asbestos paper, glass wool,
boiling tube, retort stand and clamp, bunsen burner, spatula and forcep

1. Put one spatula full of potassium manganate(VII) in a boiling tube.
2. Push in some glass wool into the tube and clamp it horizontally.
3. Place one spatulaful of magnesium powder on a piece of asbestos paper and put it
into the boiling tube.
4. Heat the magnesium strongly and then heat the potassium manganate(VII).
5. Repeat steps 1 to 4 / experiment using copper, iron and zinc to replace the
Referring to above situation, plan a laboratory experiment to arrange metals in terms of magnesium.
their reactivity with oxygen. You are required to use four different metals. 6. Record the observation.
Merujuk situasi di atas, rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk menyusun logam-logam
berdasarkan kereaktifan logam berkenaan bertindak balas dengan oksigen. Anda (f) Tabulation of data/Penjadualan data
dikehendaki menggunakan empat jenis logam yang berlainan.
Metal Observation
Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut: Magnesium
Copper
(d) Problem statement (d) List of materials and apparatus
Pernyataan masalah Senarai bahan dan radas Iron
(e) All the variables (e) Procedure Zinc

[17 marks]
(f) Hypothesis (f) Tabulation of data
Mohd Fazdli Bin Mohd Nor, SMK Pesisiran Perdana, Tangkak [17 marks] SPM 2016, Kimia 4541 A+
Johor 2016
Ionic compound dissolve in water but most covalent compound does not dissolve in water. Adakah sebatian ion atau sebatian kovalen mengalirkan arus elektrik di dalam air?
Sodium chloride is an example of ionic compound and glucose solution is covalent
compound that dissolve in water.
Manipulasi : Jenis sebatian
Sebatian ion melarut di dalam air tetapi kebanyakkan sebatian kovalen tidak larut di
Bergerak balas : kekonduksian elektrik
dalam air. Natrium klorida, NaCl ialah satu contoh sebatian ion dan larutan glukosa pula
adalah satu contoh sebatian kovalen yang melarut di dalam air. Dimalarkan : Jenis pelarut
Diagram 3 shows a conversation between two students about the conductivity of an ionic
[Sebatian ion] mengalirkan arus elektrik manakala [sebatian kovalen] tidak
compound and carbon compound in water.
mengalirkan arus elektrik
Rajah 3 menunjukkan perbualan di antara dua orang pelajar mengenai kekonduksian
sebatian ion dan sebatian kovalen di dalam air. (d) List of materials and apparatus/ Senarai bahan dan radas
Bateri, wayar penyambung, mentol / galvanometer/mentol/ammeter, elektrod karbon,
bikar, larutan [glukosa], larutan [natrium klorida].

1. Tuang larutan glukosa ke dalam sebuah bikar
2. Celupkan elektrod karbon ke dalam larutan
3. Sambungkan elektrod karbon kepada bateri dan galvanometer /mentol / ammeter
4. Catatkan pemerhatian
5. Ulangi eksperimen dengan menggunakan larutan natrium klorida.

Referring to the above conversation, plan a laboratory experiment to determine the
conductivity of an ionic and covalent compound in water. Jenis larutan Pemerhatian
Merujuk kepada perbualan di atas, rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk menentukan
kekonduksian satu sebatian ion dan sebatian kovalen di dalam air Larutan glukosa
Your planning must include the following items: Larutan natrium klorida
(a) Problem statement (d) List of materials and apparatus [17 marks]
Pernyataan masalah Senarai bahan dan radas


[17 marks]

Modul Pecutan Kertas 3 2016

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Modul Pecutan Kertas 3 2016

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1 Modul Pecutan Kimia Kertas 3

Soalan Percubaan SPM Negeri 2016

MODUL PECUTAN KERTAS 3

Disusun seikhlas hati:

Nama Pemilik Cemerlang : .

To investigate the effect of acids and alkali on the coagulation

To study the effectiveness of the cleansing action of soap on

(c) State one hypothesis for this experiment.

(iii) constant variable

(c) State the operational definition for exothermic reaction.

Diagram 1.1/ Rajah 1.1

Diagram 1.2/ Rajah 1.2 Diagram 1.3a/ Rajah 1.3a

Diameter of dent : . (i) The manipulated variable:..

Diagram 1.3b/ Rajah 1.3b

(iii) The constant variable :.

Initial temperature of hydrochloric acid :

Name of acid Heat of neutralization/ kJ mol-1

Diagram 1.1/ Rajah 1.1

(b) Calculate and complete the table below.

Diagram 1.2/ Rajah 1.2

(i) Manipulated variable:

Phosphoric acid Hydrochloric acid

(b) Experiment II is repeated by using soft water to replace hard water.

(f) State the inference based on the answer in 1(e)

(d) For this experiment, state the: Set I Set II

(i) Manipulated variable:

(ii) Responding variable:

(iii) Constant variable:

(i) Give the operational definition for the heat of neutralisation.

Titration of sulphuric acid of unknown concentration with 20 cm3 of sodium

Diagram 1.2/Rajah 1.2

Diagram 1.1/Rajah 1.1 Final burette reading:

(h) For this experiment, state the:

(i) Manipulated variable

(ii) Responding variable:

(iii) Constant variable:

(c) Give an inference for the answer in 1(b).

(a) Record the burette reading in Table 1.

Slow reaction Fast reaction

(c) Bagi eksperimen ini, nyatakan:

(i) Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan: ...

(ii) Pembolehubah bergerak balas:

(b) State the variables for this experiment.

(ii) Responding variable

Alcohol Heat of combustion (kJ mol-1)

Table 1.2/Jadual 1.2

(e) Predict the value of heat of combustion of pentanol.

Berikut ialah contoh tindak balas:

Classify the above reactions into slow and fast reactions.

(c) Reaction in Experiment II is completed at 120 s. State the change of bubbles

(b) All the variables/Semua pembolehubah:

(b) All the variables/Semua pembolehubah:

(d) List of materials and apparatus/ Senarai bahan dan radas

(e) Procedure /Prosedur

(b) All the variables (e) Procedure Vulcanised rubber

(d) List of materials and apparatus/ Senarai bahan dan radas

(e) Procedure /Prosedur

Type of electrodes Observation at anode

(d) List of materials and apparatus/ Senarai bahan dan radas

Negeri Sembilan 2016 (a) Problem statement/ Pernyataan masalah:

(b) All the variables/Semua pembolehubah:

(d) List of materials and apparatus/ Senarai bahan dan radas

(e) Procedure /Prosedur

(c) Hypothesis (f) Tabulation of data