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PQR and Wps Imp To Note DWN
PQR and Wps Imp To Note DWN
PQR and Wps Imp To Note DWN
PQR's are not required if Standard Welding Procedures are used, see below for details.
This document contains details of the welding test, it must include details of all the parameters
listed as variables in tables QW250 to QW265 for each process involved and all the
destructive test results.
The relevant variables for each type of welding process are clearly defined in tables QW250 to
QW265. The left hand column of each table defines the section and paragraph where each
variable and its application to the table is explained in the code.
Welding Variables
Essential Variables Are variables that have a significant affect on the mechanical
properties of a joint. They must not be changed except within the limits specified by
this code. e.g. Material thickness range, Material Group etc.
Supplementary Variables Are variables that have an affect on the impact properties of
a joint. They are classed as Non-Essential if impact testing is not required
Joint Configuration
Either plate or pipe can be used for the test piece (plate approves pipe and vice versa ref.
QW211), any welding position approves all positions providing no impact tests are required
ref. tables QW250 to QW265 and any joint geometry approves all geometry's, e.g. single V,
double V, U prep, backed or unbacked.
A butt or groove weld approves branch and fillet welds but not the converse, ref. QW202. Non
pressure retaining fillet welds in pipe or plate can be tested but they must be double sided if
plate and at least the dimensions illustrated in QW462.4a, ref. QW202.2c. Pressure retaining
branch welds must be qualified by groove (butt) welds.
Material Grouping
Materials are assigned P numbers in QW420; a test in one P number approves all materials
listed under that P number, except where impact tests are required then approval is restricted
to materials listed in the group number within the P number. Other P number groupings are
permissible ref. QW424.1 for details. Ref QW 424.1 for further details.
Note P5, 9 & 10 are divided into sub groups eg 5A,5B etc., Treat each sub group like a
separate P Number
Dissimilar materials are acceptable providing they are compatible. For example P1 to P8, but
this does not cover P1 to P1 or P8 to P8.
Note S numbers are for pipework to B31, a P number covers an S number but not the converse
Consumables
The ASME code uses its own specifications for consumables SFA. which is almost identical
to the AWS specification.
NOTE A change in consumable is only permissible providing it has the same F number
and A number (if applicable) as the P.Q.R..
Thickness Limits
Thickness limits Groove welds. See QW451 for precise details.
When Impact tests are required the minimum thickness approved is restricted. See
QW403.6
More than one PQR may be required to qualify dissimilar thickness
The thickness little 't' of deposited weld metal for each process involved is approved from 0 to
2xt except:-
MIG/MAG (GMAW/FCAW) dip transfer weld of deposited thickness less than "
approves maximum thickness of 1.1 x t only Ref: QW255 (QW403.10)
If any Pass in a single or multipass weld > " then the thickness approval equals 1.1xT
Dissimilar Thickness QW202.4:- The thicker and thinner part must be qualified, Except P8
and P4X the thinner part can be qualified if no Impacts and test coupon > 6mm thick.
Thickness limits for fillet welds as per QW462.4a or QW462.4d qualify all fillet weld sizes on
all base material thicknesses and all diameters in one test.
Unlike EN288 there is no requirement for any non-destructive testing such as radiography or
MPI/DPI, although I would recommend radiography for butt welds.
Two Root bends and Two face bends unless the plate thickness exceeds 3/8" then 4 side
bends are required. All bend tests should be done to QW160 using the correct former
ref. QW466 to an angle of 180 degrees. Longitudinal (all weld) bend tests are not
recommended unless the base/weld materials differ markedly in bending
properties. See QW 466 for exceptions and precise details.
The testing requirement for fillet welds on plate is 5 macro sections only, for Pipe fillet welds
4 macro sections. No fracture test required.
This document details the practical application of the Procedure Qualification Record (PQR).
It should contain enough information to give direction to the welder and should address all
variables associated with the welding process defined in QW250 including non essential and
supplementary.
A WPS can combine welding processes from other PQR's but all the relevant variables must
be addressed including parent metal thickness. There is an exception to this rule for root runs
from PQR's that are greater than 1.5 inches thick (38.1mm), see code for details.