Professional Documents
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Bill Gates History
Bill Gates History
BornonOctober28,1955,inSeattle,Washington,famedentrepreneurBillGatesbegantoshowan
interestincomputerprogrammingatage13.Throughtechnologicalinnovation,keenbusinessstrategyand
aggressivebusinesstactics,heandpartnerPaulAllenbuilttheworld'slargestsoftwarebusiness,Microsoft.
Intheprocess,Gatesbecameoneoftherichestmenintheworld.InFebruary2014,Gatesannouncedthat
hewassteppingdownasMicrosoft'schairman.
CONTENTS
Synopsis
Early Life
Early Career
The Rise of Microsoft
The Invention of Microsoft Windows
Personal Life
Philanthropic Efforts
QUOTES
"Successisalousyteacher.Itseducessmartpeopleintothinkingtheycan'tlose."
Bill Gates
prev1 / 12next
Early Life
BillGateswasbornWilliamHenryGatesIIIonOctober28,1955,inSeattle,Washington.Gatesbeganto
showaninterestincomputerprogrammingattheageof13attheLakesideSchool.Hepursuedhispassion
throughcollege.StrikingoutonhisownwithhisfriendandbusinesspartnerPaulAllen,Gatesfound
himselfattherightplaceattherighttime.Throughtechnologicalinnovation,keenbusinessstrategyand
aggressivebusinesstactics,hebuilttheworld'slargestsoftwarebusiness,Microsoft.Intheprocess,Gates
becameoneoftherichestmenintheworld.
BillGatesgrewupinanuppermiddleclassfamilywithtwosisters:Kristianne,whoisolder,andLibby,
whoisyounger.Theirfather,WilliamH.GatesSr.,wasapromising,ifsomewhatshy,lawstudentwhen
hemethisfuturewife,MaryMaxwell.Shewasanathletic,outgoingstudentattheUniversityof
Washington,activelyinvolvedinstudentaffairsandleadership.TheGatesfamilyatmospherewaswarm
andclose,andallthreechildrenwereencouragedtobecompetitiveandstriveforexcellence.Billshowed
earlysignsofcompetitivenesswhenhecoordinatedfamilyathleticgamesattheirsummerhouseonPuget
Sound.Healsorelishedinplayingboardgames(Riskwashisfavorite)andexcelledatMonopoly.
Billhadaverycloserelationshipwithhismother,Mary,whoafterabriefcareerasateacherdevotedher
timetohelpingraisethechildrenandworkingoncivicaffairsandwithcharities.Shealsoservedon
severalcorporateboards,includingthoseoftheFirstInterstateBankinSeattle(foundedbyher
grandfather),theUnitedWayandInternationalBusinessMachines(IBM).ShewouldoftentakeBillalong
whenshevolunteeredinschoolsandatcommunityorganizations.
Billwasavoraciousreaderasachild,spendingmanyhourspouringoverreferencebookssuchasthe
encyclopedia.Aroundtheageof11or12,Bill'sparentsbegantohaveconcernsabouthisbehavior.He
wasdoingwellinschool,butheseemedboredandwithdrawnattimes.Hisparentsworriedhemight
becomealoner.Thoughtheywerestrongbelieversinpubliceducation,whenBillturned13,theyenrolled
himatSeattle'sLakesideSchool,anexclusivepreparatoryschool.Heblossomedinnearlyallhissubjects,
excellinginmathandscience,butalsodoingverywellindramaandEnglish.
WhileatLakesideSchool,aSeattlecomputercompanyofferedtoprovidecomputertimeforthestudents.
TheMother'sClubusedproceedsfromtheschool'srummagesaletopurchaseateletypeterminalfor
studentstouse.
BillGatesbecameentrancedwithwhatacomputercoulddoandspentmuchofhisfreetimeworkingon
theterminal.HewroteatictactoeprograminBASICcomputerlanguagethatalloweduserstoplay
againstthecomputer.
ItwasatLakesideSchoolwhereBillmetPaulAllen,whowastwoyearshissenior.Thetwobecamefast
friends,bondingontheircommonenthusiasmovercomputers,
CONTENTS
Synopsis
Early Life
Early Career
The Rise of Microsoft
The Invention of Microsoft Windows
Personal Life
Philanthropic Efforts
eventhoughtheywereverydifferent.Allenwasmorereservedandshy.Billwasfeistyandattimes
combative.Theybothspentmuchoftheirfreetimetogetherworkingonprograms.Occasionally,they
disagreedandwouldclashoverwhowasrightorwhoshouldrunthecomputerlab.Ononeoccasion,their
argumentescalatedtothepointwhereAllenbannedGatesfromthecomputerlab.Onanotheroccasion,
GatesandAllenhadtheirschoolcomputerprivilegesrevokedfortakingadvantageofsoftwareglitchesto
obtainfreecomputertimefromthecompanythatprovidedthecomputers.Aftertheirprobation,theywere
allowedbackinthecomputerlabwhentheyofferedtodebugtheprogram.Duringthistime,Gates
developedapayrollprogramforthecomputercompanytheboyshackedinto,andaschedulingprogram
fortheschool.
In1970,attheageof15,BillGateswentintobusinesswithhispal,PaulAllen.Theydeveloped"Trafo
Data,"acomputerprogramthatmonitoredtrafficpatternsinSeattle,andnetted$20,000fortheirefforts.
GatesandAllenwantedtostarttheirowncompany,butGates'sparentswantedhimtofinishschoolandgo
ontocollegewheretheyhopedhewouldworktobecomealawyer.
BillGatesgraduatedfromLakesidein1973.Hescored1590outof1600onthecollegeSATtest,afeatof
intellectualachievementthatforseveralyearsheboastedaboutwhenintroducinghimselftonewpeople.
Early Career
GatesenrolledatHarvardUniversityinthefall,originallythinkingofacareerinlaw.Buthisfreshman
yearsawhimspendmoreofhistimeinthecomputerlabthaninclass.Gatesdidnotreallyhaveastudy
regimen.Instead,hecouldgetbyonafewhoursofsleep,cramforatest,andpasswithareasonablegrade.
GatesremainedincontactwithPaulAllen,who,afterattendingWashingtonStateUniversityfortwo
years,droppedoutandmovedtoBoston,Massachusetts,toworkforHoneywell.Inthesummerof1974,
GatesjoinedAllenatHoneywell.Duringthistime,AllenshowedGatesaneditionofPopular
ElectronicsmagazinefeaturinganarticleontheAltair8800minicomputerkit.Bothboyswerefascinated
withthepossibilitiesthatthiscomputercouldcreateintheworldofpersonalcomputing.TheAltairwas
madebyasmallcompanyinAlbuquerque,NewMexico,calledMicroInstrumentationandTelemetry
Systems(MITS).GatesandAllencontactedthecompany,proclaimingthattheywereworkingona
BASICsoftwareprogramthatwouldruntheAltaircomputer.Inreality,theydidn'thaveanAltairtowork
withorthecodetorunit.ButtheywantedtoknowifMITSwasinterestedinsomeonedevelopingsuch
software.
MITSwas,anditspresidentEdRobertsaskedtheboysforademonstration.GatesandAllenscrambled,
spendingthenexttwomonthswritingthesoftwareatHarvard'scomputerlab.Allentraveledto
AlbuquerqueforatestrunatMITS,neverhavingtrieditoutonanAltaircomputer.Itworkedperfectly.
AllenwashiredatMITSandGatessoonleftHarvardtoworkwithhim,muchtohisparents'dismay.In
1975,GatesandAllenformedapartnershiptheycalledMicroSoft,
CONTENTS
Synopsis
Early Life
Early Career
The Rise of Microsoft
The Invention of Microsoft Windows
Personal Life
Philanthropic Efforts
ablendof"microcomputer"and"software."
Microsoft(GatesandAllendroppedthehypheninlessthanayear)startedoffonshakyfooting.Though
theirBASICsoftwareprogramfortheAltaircomputernettedthecompanyafeeandroyalties,itwasn't
meetingtheiroverhead.Microsoft'sBASICsoftwarewaspopularwithcomputerhobbyistswhoobtained
premarketcopiesandwerereproducinganddistributingthemforfree.AccordingtoGates'slateraccount,
onlyabout10percentofthepeopleusingBASICintheAltaircomputerhadactuallypaidforit.Atthis
time,muchofthepersonalcomputerenthusiastswerepeoplenotinitforthemoney.Theyfelttheeaseof
reproductionanddistributionallowedthemtosharesoftwarewithfriendsandfellowcomputerenthusiasts.
BillGatesthoughtdifferently.Hesawthefreedistributionofsoftwareasstealing,especiallywhenit
involvedsoftwarethatwascreatedtobesold.
InFebruaryof1976,Gateswroteanopenlettertocomputerhobbyistssayingthatcontinueddistribution
anduseofsoftwarewithoutpayingforitwould"preventgoodsoftwarefrombeingwritten."Inessence,
piratingsoftwarewoulddiscouragedevelopersfrominvestingtimeandmoneyintocreatingquality
software.Theletterwasunpopularwithcomputerenthusiasts,butGatesstucktohisbeliefsandwoulduse
thethreatofinnovationasadefensewhenfacedwithchargesofunfairbusinesspractices.
GateshadamoreacrimoniousrelationshipwithMITSpresidentEdRoberts,oftenresultinginshouting
matches.ThecombativeGatesclashedwithRobertsonsoftwaredevelopmentandthedirectionofthe
business.RobertsconsideredGatesspoiledandobnoxious.In1977,RobertssoldMITStoanother
computercompany,andwentbacktoGeorgiatoentermedicalschoolandbecomeacountrydoctor.Gates
andAllenwereontheirown.ThepairhadtosuethenewownerofMITStoretainthesoftwarerightsthey
haddevelopedforAltair.
Microsoftwrotesoftwareindifferentformatsforothercomputercompaniesand,attheendof1978,Gates
movedthecompany'soperationstoBellevueWashington,justeastofSeattle.BillGateswasgladtobe
homeagaininthePacificNorthwest,andthrewhimselfintohiswork.All25employeesoftheyoung
companyhadbroadresponsibilitiesforallaspectsoftheoperation,productdevelopment,business
development,andmarketing.Withhisacumenforsoftwaredevelopmentandakeenbusinesssense,Gates
placedhimselfastheheadofMicrosoft,whichgrossed$2.5millionin1978.Gateswasonly23.
The Rise of Microsoft
Gates'sacumenfornotonlysoftwaredevelopmentbutalsobusinessoperationsputhiminthepositionof
leadingthecompanyandworkingasitsspokesperson.Hepersonallyreviewedeverylineofcodethe
companyshipped,oftenrewritingcodewhenhesawitnecessary.Asthecomputerindustrybegantogrow
withcompanieslikeApple,Intel,andIBMdevelopinghardwareandcomponents,
CONTENTS
Synopsis
Early Life
Early Career
The Rise of Microsoft
The Invention of Microsoft Windows
Personal Life
Philanthropic Efforts
BillwascontinuouslyoutontheroadtoutingthemeritsofMicrosoftsoftwareapplications.Heoftentook
hismotherwithhim.Marywashighlyrespectedandwellconnectedwithhermembershiponseveral
corporateboardsincludingIBM.ItwasthroughMarythatBillGatesmettheCEOofIBM.
InNovember1980,IBMwaslookingforsoftwarethatwouldoperatetheirupcomingpersonalcomputer
(PC)andapproachedMicrosoft.LegendhasitthatatthefirstmeetingwithBillGatessomeoneatIBM
mistookhimforanofficeassistantandaskedhimtoservecoffee.Gatesdidlookveryyoung,buthe
quicklyimpressedIBM,convincingthemthatheandhiscompanycouldmeettheirneeds.Theonly
problemwasthatMicrosofthadnotdevelopedthebasicoperatingsystemthatwouldrunIBM'snew
computers.Nottobestopped,Gatesboughtanoperatingsystemthatwasdevelopedtorunoncomputers
similartoIBM'sPC.Hemadeadealwiththesoftware'sdeveloper,makingMicrosofttheexclusive
licensingagentandlaterfullownerofthesoftwarebutnottellingthemoftheIBMdeal.Thecompany
latersuedMicrosoftandGatesforwithholdingimportantinformation.Microsoftsettledoutofcourtforan
undisclosedamount,butneitherGatesnorMicrosoftadmittedtoanywrongdoing.
GateshadtoadaptthenewlypurchasedsoftwaretoworkfortheIBMPC.Hedelivereditfora$50,000
fee,thesamepricehehadpaidforthesoftwareinitsoriginalform.IBMwantedtobuythesourcecode,
whichwouldhavegiventhemtheinformationtotheoperatingsystem.Gatesrefused,insteadproposing
thatIBMpayalicensingfeeforcopiesofthesoftwaresoldwiththeircomputers.Doingthisallowed
MicrosofttolicensethesoftwaretheycalledMSDOStoanyotherPCmanufacturer,shouldother
computercompaniesclonetheIBMPC,whichtheysoondid.Microsoftalsoreleasedsoftwarecalled
Softcard,whichallowedMicrosoftBASICtooperateonAppleIImachines.
Between1978and1981,Microsoft'sgrowthexploded,andstaffincreasedfrom25to128.Revenuealso
shotupfrom$4millionto$16million.Inmid1981GatesandAllenincorporatedMicrosoft,andGates
wasappointedpresidentandchairmanoftheboard.Allenwasnamedexecutivevicepresident.
By1983,MicrosoftwasgoingglobalwithofficesinGreatBritainandJapan,andwith30percentofthe
world'scomputersrunningonitssoftware.But1983alsobroughtnewsthatrockedMicrosofttoitsvery
foundation.PaulAllenwasdiagnosedwithHodgkin'sdisease.Thoughhiscancerwentintoremissiona
yearlaterwithintensivetreatment,Allenresignedfromcompanythatsameyear
RumorsaboundastowhyAllenleftMicrosoft.SomesayBillGatespushedhimout,butmanysayitwasa
lifechangingexperienceforAllenandhesawtherewereotheropportunitiesthathecouldinvesthistime
in.
CONTENTS
Synopsis
Early Life
Early Career
The Rise of Microsoft
The Invention of Microsoft Windows
Personal Life
Philanthropic Efforts
The Invention of Microsoft Windows
Thoughtheirrivalryislegend,MicrosoftandApplesharedmanyoftheirearlyinnovations.In1981Apple
invitedMicrosofttohelpdevelopsoftwareforMacintoshcomputers.Somedeveloperswereinvolvedin
bothMicrosoftdeveleopment,andthedevelopmentofMicrosoftapplicationsforMacintosh.The
collaborationcouldbeseeninsomesharednamesbetweentheMicrosoftandMacintoshsystems.
ItwasthroughthisknowledgesharingthatMicrosoftwastodevelopWindows.Asystemwasthatuseda
mousetodriveagraphicinterface,displayingtextandimagesonthescreen.Thisdifferedgreatlyfromthe
textandkeyboarddrivenMSDOSsystemwherealltextformattingshowedonthescreenascodeandnot
whatactuallywouldbeprinted.BillGatesquicklyrecognizedthethreatthiskindofsoftwaremightpose
forMSDOSandMicrosoftoverall.Fortheunsophisticateduserwhichwasmostofthebuyingpublic
thegraphicimageryoftheVisiCorpsoftwarewouldbesomucheasiertouse.Gatesannouncedinan
advertisingcampaignthatanewMicrosoftoperatingsystemwasabouttobedevelopedthatwouldusea
graphicinterface.Itwastobecalled"Windows,"andwouldbecompatiblewithallPCsoftwareproducts
developedontheMSDOSsystem.Theannouncementwasabluff,inthatMicrosofthadnosuchprogram
underdevelopment.Butasamarketingtacticitwassheergeniusasnearly30percentofthecomputer
marketwasusingtheMSDOSsystemandwouldwaitforWindowssoftwareratherthanchangetoanew
system.Withoutpeoplewillingtochangeformats,softwaredeveloperswereunwillingtowriteprograms
fortheVisiCorpsystemanditlostmomentumbyearly1985.
InNovember1985,BillGatesandMicrosoftlaunchedWindows;nearlytwoyearsafterhisannouncement.
VisuallytheWindowssystemlookedverysimilartotheMacintoshsystemAppleComputerCorporation
hadintroducednearlytwoyearsearlier.ApplehadearliergivenMicrosoftfullaccesstotheirtechnology
whileitwasworkingonmakingMicrosoftproductscompatibleforApplecomputers.Gateshadadvised
Appletolicensetheirsoftwarebuttheyignoredtheadvice,beingmoreinterestedinsellingcomputers.
Onceagain,Gatestookfulladvantageofthesituationandcreatedasoftwareformatthatwasstrikingly
similartotheMacintosh.ApplethreatenedtosueandMicrosoftretaliated,sayingitwoulddelayshipment
ofitsMicrosoftcompatiblesoftwareforMacintoshusers.Intheend,Microsoftprevailedinthecourts
becauseitcouldprovethatwhilethereweresimilaritiesinhowthetwosoftwaresystemsoperated,each
individualfunctionwasdistinctlydifferent.
In1986,BillGatestookMicrosoftpublicwithaninitialpublicoffering(IPO)of$21pershare.Gatesheld
45percentofthecompany's24.7millionsharesandbecameaninstantmillionaireatage31.Gates'sstake
atthattimewas$234millionofMicrosoft's$520million.
Overtime,thecompany'sstockincreasedinvalueandsplitnumeroustimes.In1987,BillGatesbecamea
billionairewhenthestockraisedto$90.75ashare.Sincethen,Gateshasbeenatthetop,oratleastnear
thetop,ofForbes
'annuallistofthetop400wealthiestpeopleinAmerica.In1999,withstockpricesatan
alltimehighandthestocksplittingeightfoldsinceitsIPO,Gates'swealthbrieflytopped$101billion.
Yet,
CONTENTS
Synopsis
Early Life
Early Career
The Rise of Microsoft
The Invention of Microsoft Windows
Personal Life
Philanthropic Efforts
BillGatesneverfelttotallysecureaboutthestatusofhiscompany.Alwayshavingtolookoverhis
shouldertoseewherethecompetitionwas,hedevelopedawhitehotdriveandcompetitivespirit.Gates
expectedeveryoneinthecompanytohavethesamedriveanddedication.Onestorygoesthatoneof
Gates'sassistantshadcometoworkearlytofindsomeonesleepingunderadesk.Sheconsideredcalling
securityorthepolicewhenshediscovereditwasGates.
BillGates'sintelligenceallowedhimtobeabletoseeallsidesofthesoftwareindustryproduct
developmentandcorporatestrategy.Whenanalyzinganycorporatemove,hewoulddevelopaprofileof
allthepossiblecasesandrunthroughthem,askingquestionsaboutanythingthatcouldpossiblyhappen.
Hisconfrontationalmanagementstylebecamelegendashewouldchallengeemployeesandtheirideasto
keepthecreativeprocessgoing.Anunpreparedpresenterwouldhear,"That'sthestupidestthingI'veever
heard!"fromGates.ButthiswasasmuchatestoftherigoroftheemployeeasitwasGates'spassionfor
hiscompany.Hewasconstantlytestingthepeoplearoundhimtoseeiftheywerereallyconvincedoftheir
ideas.
Outsidethecompany,BillGateswasgainingareputationasaruthlesscompetitor.Severaltechcompanies
ledbyIBMbegantodeveloptheirownoperatingsystemcalledOS/2toreplaceMSDOS.Ratherthan
giveintothepressure,GatespushedaheadwiththeWindowssoftware,improvingitsoperationand
expandingitsuses.In1989,MicrosoftintroducedMicrosoftOfficewhichbundledofficeproductivity
applicationssuchasMicrosoftWordandExcelintoonesystemthatwascompatiblewithallMicrosoft
products.TheapplicationswerenotaseasilycompatiblewithOS/2.Microsoft'snewversionofWindows
sold100,000copiesinjusttwoweeksandOS/2soonfadedaway.ThisleftMicrosoftwithavirtual
monopolyonoperatingsystemsforPCs.SoontheFederalTradeCommissionbegantoinvestigate
Microsoftforunfairmarketingpractices.
MicrosoftfacedastringofFederalTradeCommissionandJusticeDepartmentinvestigationsthroughout
the1990s.SomerelatedallegationsthatMicrosoftmadeunfairdealswithcomputermanufactureswho
installedtheWindowsoperatingsystemontheircomputers.OtherchargesinvolvedMicrosoftforcing
computermanufacturestosellMicrosoft'sInternetExplorerasaconditionforsellingtheWindows
operatingsystemwiththeircomputers.
Atonepoint,Microsoftfacedapossiblebreakupofitstwodivisionsoperatingsystemsandsoftware
development.
Microsoftdefendeditself,harkingbacktoBillGates'searlierbattleswithsoftwarepiracy,andproclaiming
thatsuchrestrictionswereathreattoinnovation.Eventually,Microsoftwasabletofindasettlementwith
thefederalgovernmenttoavoidabreakup.Throughitall,
CONTENTS
Synopsis
Early Life
Early Career
The Rise of Microsoft
The Invention of Microsoft Windows
Personal Life
Philanthropic Efforts
Gatesfoundsomeinventivewaystodeflectthepressurewithlightheartedcommercialsandpublic
appearancesatcomputertradeshowsposingasStarTrek'sMr.Spock.Gatescontinuedtorunthecompany
andweatherthefederalinvestigationsthroughthe1990s.
Personal Life
In1989,a28yearoldMicrosoftexecutivenamedMelindaFrenchcaughttheeyeofBillGates,then37.
TheverybrightandorganizedMelindawasaperfectmatchforGates.Intime,theirrelationshipgrewas
theydiscoveredanintimateandintellectualconnection.OnJanuary1,1994,MelindaandBillwere
marriedinHawaii.ButonlyafewmonthslaterheartbreakstruckBillGatesashismotherwasdiagnosed
withbreastcancer.ShediedinJune1994.Gateswasdevastated.
BillandMelindatooksometimeoffin1995totraveltoseveralcountriesandgetanewperspectiveonlife
andtheworld.In1996,theirfirstdaughter,Jennifer,wasborn.Ayearlater,Gatesmovedhisfamilyintoa
55,000squarefoot,$54millionhouseontheshoreofLakeWashington.Thoughthehouseservesasa
businesscenter,itissaidtobeaverycozyhomeforthecoupleandtheirthreechildren.
Philanthropic Efforts
WithwifeMelinda'sinfluence,Gatestookaninterestinfillinghismother'sroleasacivicleader.Hebegan
torealizethathehadanobligationtogivemoreofhiswealthtocharity.Beingtheconsummatestudenthe
was,GatesstudiedthephilanthropicworkofAndrewCarnegieandJohnD.Rockefeller,titansofthe
Americanindustrialrevolution.In1994,GatesandhiswifeestablishedtheWilliamH.GatesFoundation
whichwasdedicatedtosupportingeducation,worldhealth,andinvestmentinlowincomecommunities.In
2000,thecouplecombinedseveralfamilyfoundationstoformtheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation.
Theystartedoutbymakinga$28billioncontributiontosetupthefoundation.
BillGatessteppeddownfromthedaytodayoperationsofMicrosoftin2000,turningoverthejobofCEO
tocollegefriendSteveBallmerwhohadbeenwithMicrosoftsince1980.Hepositionedhimselfaschief
softwarearchitectsohecouldconcentrateonwhatwasforhimthemorepassionatesideofthebusiness.
Hestillremainschairmanoftheboard.Overthenextfewyears,hisinvolvementwiththeBillandMelinda
GatesFoundationoccupiedmuchofhistimeandevenmoreofhisinterest.In2006,Gatesannouncedhe
wastransitioninghimselffromfulltimeworkatMicrosoft,todevotemorequalitytimetotheFoundation.
HislastfulldayatMicrosoftwasJune27,2008.
Inadditiontoalltheaccoladesofbeingoneofthemostsuccessfulandrichestbusinessmeninthehistory
oftheworld,BillGateshasalsoreceivednumerousawardsforphilanthropicwork.
TimemagazinenamedGatesoneofthemostinfluentialpeopleofthe20thcentury.Themagazinealso
namedGates,hiswifeMelinda,androckbandU2'sleadsingerBonoasthe2005PersonsoftheYear.
Gatesalsoholdsseveralhonorarydoctoratesfromuniversitiesthroughouttheworldandanhonorary
KnightCommanderoftheOrderoftheBritishEmpirebyQueenElizabethII.In2006,
CONTENTS
Synopsis
Early Life
Early Career
The Rise of Microsoft
The Invention of Microsoft Windows
Personal Life
Philanthropic Efforts
GatesandhiswifewereawardedtheOrderoftheAztecEaglebytheMexicangovernmentfortheir
philanthropicworkthroughouttheworldintheareasofhealthandeducation.
InFebruary2014,GatesannouncedthathewouldbesteppingdownaschairmanofMicrosoftinorderto
moveintoanewpositionastechnologyadviser.InadditiontoGates'stransition,itwasreportedthat
longtimeMicrosoftCEOSteveBallmerwouldbereplacedby46yearoldSatyaNadella.
2014A+ENetworks.Allrightsreserved.