Professional Documents
Culture Documents
5 Beams and Frames: Frame Structures
5 Beams and Frames: Frame Structures
KL2102 CLASS 01
SEMESTER I 2016/2017
Frame Structures
1
Beam Structures
y Some examples:
2
Distributed Force
3
Resultant of Distributed Force
L
R = wdx
0
L
xwdx
x= 0
L
wdx
0
4
Example 1
20 kN-m 25 kN/m
A
B
3m 1m 2m
3m 1m 2m
RA
RB
F = 0 : RA + RB ( 25 )( 3) = 0
distributed force
y
RB = 89.375 kN ( )
10
5
Sign Convention
6
Example 2
20 kN-m 25 kN/m
A
C B D
2m 1m 1m 1m 1m
13
y Equilibrium equations
F = 0: N = 0
x C
F = 0 : 14.375 V = 0
y C VC = 14.375 kN
M = 0 : 20 (14
C 375 )( 2 ) M
14.375 C = 0 M C = 8.75
8 75 kN
14
7
y FBD for internal forces at D VD 25 kN/m
MD
ND
D
y Equilibrium equations
F = 0: N = 0
x D
F = 0 : V ( 25)(1) = 0 V
y D D = 25 kN
M = 0 : M + ( 25)(1)( 0.5
D D 0 5) = 0 M D = 12.5
12 5 kN
15
16
8
Internal Force Function
17
Example 3
20 kN-m 25 kN/m
A
B C D
3m 1m 2m
18
9
y FBD for internal forces 20 kN-m M
in span AB, 0 x 3 m A N
x V
14.375 kN
y Equilibrium equations
F = 0: N = 0
x
F = 0 : 14.375 V = 0 V = 14.375 kN
y
M = 0 : 20 14.375
section 14 375 x M = 0 M = 20 14.375
14 375 x
19
y Equilibrium equations
F x = 0: N = 0
F y = 0 : V ( 25 )( x ) = 0 V = 25 x
x
M section = 0 : M + ( 25 )( x ) = 0 M = 12.5
2
12 5 x 2
20
10
y FBD for internal forces x
25 kN/m
in span BC, 2 x 3 m M V
(right to left) N
C D
89.375 kN
y Equilibrium equations
F x = 0: N = 0
F y = 0 : V ( 25 )( x ) + 89.375 = 0 V = 25 x 89.375
x
M = 0 : M + ( 25 )( x ) 89.375 ( x 2 ) = 0
section
2
M = 12.5 x 2 + 89.375 x 178.75
21
22
11
Example 4
20 kN-m 25 kN/m
A
B C D
3m 1m 2m
23
20 kN-m 25 kN/m
A
B C D
14.375 kN
89.375 kN
N
50
+
V [kN]
14.375
39.375
20
+
M [kN-m]
23.125
50
24
12
Internal Forces Relationship
dV
Fy = 0 : V (V + dV ) wdx = 0
dx
= w
dx dM
M right = 0 : M + Vdx wdx ( M + dM ) = 0
2 dx
=V
25
Example 5
20 kN-m 25 kN/m
A
B C D
3m 1m 2m
26
13
20 kN-m 25 kN/m
A
B C D
14.375 kN
89.375 kN
y AB: w = 0 V = constant = VA = 14
14.375
375 kN
V = negative constant M decrease linearly
M A = 20 kN-m
M B = 20 ( 3)( 14.375 ) = 23.125 kN-m
20 kN-m 25 kN/m
A
B C D
14.375 kN
89.375 kN
V = linear M = parabolic
M C = 50 kN-m
M D = 50 + ( 50 ) = 0
28
14
20 kN-m 25 kN/m
A
B C D
14.375 kN
89 375 kN
89.375
50
+
V [kN]
14.375
39.375
20
+
M [kN-m]
23.125
50
29
15