Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Summer Internship Project ON "Employee Satisfaction"
Summer Internship Project ON "Employee Satisfaction"
Summer Internship Project ON "Employee Satisfaction"
ON
EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION
Submitted to
S.R. LUTHRA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENT OF THE AWARD FOR THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
In
Gujarat Technological University
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Submitted by
Ms.MeghaSanghavi [Batch No. 2013-15, Enrollment No. 138050592089]
1
Students Declaration
Place:-Kovaya (Amreli)
Date: 16-8-2014
Megha.NSanghavi
2
Institutes Certificate
Place: Surat
Date: ________________
___________________
(Mh.ImranSaikh)
SIP Guide
___________________
(J.M. Kapadia)
I/C Director
3
Preface
Each & every activity is started for the accomplishment of goals & for this
purpose management is required. As being student of MBA, a management
stream, we have to go in different types of analysis for practical knowledge &
practical training.
I hope the report will be special interest to the finance students who are on
look for such real life situation beyond their class room study.
4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
5
Executive Summary
The goal is to gather preliminary data and to reach the real nature of the
problem and to suggest new ideas, Descriptive Research is taken up. Here
survey was done by using structured questions.
The source of our data is primary data and secondary data. Primary data was
collected from the respondents, who were interviewed there, for the first hand
frequencies was the basis on which analysis was carried out. While the
secondary data regarding subject was obtained from various magazines,
journals, web sites, newspapers, and books.
For analyzing and interpreting the data we have used various statistical tools
like SPSS 17,Ms Excel 2007 and Ms Word 2007. The test that was applied to
interpret the statistical data collected through questionnaire was chi-square.
6
TABLE OF CONTENTS
o Companys Certificate
o Students Declaration
o Institutes Certificate
o Preface
o Acknowledgement
o Executive Summary
3. Company Profile 22
a. Company Profile 22 22
b. History 24
c. Mission & Vision 26
d. Objectives of Ultra Tech 27
e. About Board of Directors 28
f. Highlights of ultra Tech 29
g. Awards & Achievements 30
h. Major Thrust Areas 31
i. SWOT Analysis 37
4. Review of Literature 45
5. Research Methodology 49
a. Problem Statement 50
b. Research Objective 50
c. Scope of the Study 51
7
d. Research Design 51
i. Type of Design 52
ii. Sampling
52
iii. Data Collection
iv. Tools for Analysis 52
54
6. Findings 72
7. Suggestions 73
8. Conclusion 74
9. Bibliography 75
10. Annexure 77
8
Chapter 1
Introduction
9
Human resource is considered to be the most valuable asset in any
organization. It is thesum-total of inherent abilities, acquired knowledge and
skills represented by the talents andaptitudes of the employed persons who
comprise executives, supervisors and the rank and fileemployees. It may be
noted here that human resource should be utilized to the maximum possible
extent, in order to achieve individual and organizational goals. It is thus the
employeesperformance, which ultimately decides, and attainment of goals.
The term relates to the total relationship between an individual and the
employer forwhich he is paid. Satisfaction does mean the simple feeling state
accompanying the attainment ofany goal; the end state is feeling
accompanying the attainment by an impulse of its objective.
10
Chapter 2
Industry Profile
11
The Global Cement Industry
Cement is a basic ingredient for the construction industry. Cement is made
out oflimestone, shell, clay mined out of a quarry close to the plant. The raw
material iscrushed, and then heated at temperature in excess of 1000 C in
rotating kiln tobecome clinker. Clinker is then mixed with gypsum and ground
to a fine powderto produce final grade of cement. The technology is a
continuous process and ishighly energy intensive.
Cost of cement is 29% energy, 27% raw materials, 32% labour and
12%depreciation.
The weight/to price ratio make transportation cost very high. The
competitiveradius of a typical cement plant for most common types of cement
extends nomore than 300 kilometers. However, cement can be shipped
economically by seaand inland waterway over great distances, extending
greatly the competitiveradius of cement plants with access to waterborne
shipping lanes. Thus, thelocation of a cement plant and the cost to transport
the cement it producesthrough its distribution terminals bear significantly on
the plants competitiveposition and the prices it may charge. The minimum
efficient size for a cementplant is around 1 million ton a year.
As a consequence of a relatively low minimum efficient plant and
transportationcosts cement production is highly fragmented. It is estimated
that there arearound 1500 integrated cement production plants in the world.
Although theindustry has seen the emergence of strong global players such a
Lafarge orCEMEX, the share of the four largest firms account only for 23% of
the overalldemand.
Cement is distributed in bags or is delivered to construction sites through
readymixLorries.
The major segments of the industries are:
12
Aggregates: quarries and crushing minerals to be mixed with cement tomake
concrete
Cement production
Ready Mix: distribution of ready to use concrete
13
20000
40000
60000
80000
0
100000
120000
Country
Brazil
China (Official)
India
Japan
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
South Korea
Spain
Switzerland
14
UAE
UK
USA
Qatar
Finland
Norway
Vietnam
Global average (Est.)
2008
2010
2012
The cement industry in India
Investments
The cement industry has been expanding on the back of increasing
infrastructure activities and demand from the housing sector over the past
many years. According to data released by the Department of Industrial Policy
and Promotion (DIPP), cement and gypsum products attracted foreign direct
investment (FDI) worth Rs 13,370.32 crore (US$ 2.24 billion) between April
2000 and February 2014.
Some of the major investment and developments in the Indian cement
industry are as follows:
Ambuja Cement, part of the Holcim Group, plans to invest Rs 802 crore
(US$ 134.39 million) in 2014 in various ongoing projects. The company
15
has proposed to fund the entire capex through internal accruals, as per
Ambuja Cements annual report.
Prism Cement Ltd has become the first Indian company to get the
Quality Council of India's (QCI) certification for its ready-mix concrete
(RMC) plant in Kochi, Kerala. The company received the certification
from Institute for Certification and Quality Mark (ICQM), a leading
Italian certification body authorized to oversee QCI compliance.
After commissioning its first waste-heat recovery plant at Gagal
in Himachal Pradesh, ACC plans to replicate the success at its cement
plants in Wadi (Karnataka), Jamul ChhattisgarhKymore (Madhya
Pradesh) and Chanda (Maharashtra) with an investment of about Rs
360 crore (US$ 60.32 million).
UltraTech Cement Ltd, Indias biggest maker of cement, plans to buy
the local assets of Holcim Ltd and Lafarge SA.
ACC plans to invest Rs 3,000 crore (US$ 501.16 million) in a capacity
upgrade and expansion project at its Jamul plant in Chhattisgarh and
its grinding unit in Jharkhand.
UltraTech Cement, an Aditya Birla Group Company, has acquired the
4.8 million tone per annum (MTPA) Gujarat unit of Jaypee Cement
Corp for Rs 3,800 crore (US$ 634.81 million).
16
Major cement demand drivers
Housing sector accounts for 64 per cent of the total cement demand in India.
17
Pastel analysis
Political
The price of cement is primarily controlled by the coal rates, power tariffs,
railwaytariffs, freight, royalty and cess on limestone. Interestingly, government
controls all of theseprices. Government is also one of the biggest consumers
of the cement in the country. Most stategovernments, in order to attract
investments in their respective states, offer fiscal incentives inthe form of
sales tax exemptions/deferrals. States like Haryana offer a freeze on power
tariff for5 years, while Gujarat offers exemption from electric duty. (India
Infoline Ltd n.d.)
Economic
Currently, the industry is on the boom, with a lot of government infrastructure
and housingprojects under construction. In spite of seeing a fall during 2008-
09, the export segment of theindustry is expected to grow again on account of
various infrastructure projects that are beingtaken up all over the world and
numerous outstanding cement plants coming up in near future inthe country.
SOCIAL
Usually, the cement industry in India consists of both the organized sector and
the unorganized sector. Organized sector comprises of the well-known
cement manufacturing companies while the main players of the unorganized
sector are the regional and local cement-producing units in various states
across the state. Indian consumers prefer buying branded cement like
ULTRATECH, JAYPEE CEMENT, LAFARGE CEMENT etc. It has been seen
in the past, aswell, that mini cement plants with low brand value and image
are not able to survive against thecement giants. With a population of more
than 100 billion people, it is expected that cementindustry will create another
25 lakhs jobs in the next 4-5 years.
18
TECHNOLOGY
Current Trends
And then, the inevitable happened. The now old cement plants based on
Archaean limestone not only found their technology obsolete but also found
their limestone resources fast depleting. The companies were forced to find
alternate resources, which by then had become scarce or find new ways to
increase recovery from their existing deposits. To their dismay, they
discovered that the markets - so lenient earlier were unwilling to bear costs
accruing due to the companies' outdated procedures and processes,
19
demanded higher standards of quality. After decontrol of cement prices new
cement plants sprang up on sedimentary limestone deposits other than
Archaean. Which are of simpler nature since the entire run- of- mine could be
consumed, the cost of extraction for these plants was appreciably lower
whereas the older set-ups had to manage with progressively lower recovery
ratios. Companies are now forced to work deposits once considered unviable
and/or unworkable with selective mining. Earlier threshold values are no
longer applicable for the older plants and only technology seems to offer the
panacea for survival.
20
Emerging trends
The Indian cement industry is largely dominated by a few companies. The top
20 cement companies account for almost 70% of the total cement production
of the country. During April-September 2009, the Indian cement companies
produced 11 MT cement, whereas the total cement product in the country in
FY09 was 231 MT. It is further expected to reach 236.16 MT in FY11 and
262.61 MT in FY12.
1. ACC Limited
2. Ambuja Cements Limited
3. UltraTech Cement Limited
4. India Cement Limited
5. Shree Cement Limited
6. Rain Cement Limited
7. Prism Cement Limited
8. Madras Cement Limited
9. Birla Cement Limited
10. JK Cement Limited
21
Chapter - 3
PROFILE OF
22
INTRODUCTION OF ADITYA BIRLA GROUP
Aditya Birla Group has emerged as the Number 1 corporate, the Best in
Class across all the six pillars of Corporate Image, according to the annual
Corporate Image Monitar 2012-13 conducted by Nielsen, a leading global
provider of insights and information into what consumer watch and buy.
23
HISTORY OF ULTRA TECH CEMENT
The Groups Cement business was earlier under Grasim Industries and Ultra
Tech Cement. The two entities have now been merged into Ultra Tech
Cement to form Indias largest Cement company which is founded in 1983.
Ultra Tech Cement was acquired from L&T in 2004.
Ultra Tech Cement Limited is Indias biggest cement company and Indias
largest exporters of cement clinker based in Mumbai, India. The company is
division of Grasim Industries. It has an annual capacity of 52 million tones.
Ultra Tech Cement holds the superbrand Status. Which holds the revenues
of US $ 3.7 billion in 2011-12 and profit of US $ 450 million in 2011-12.
The company exports over 2.5 million tones per annum, which is about 30%
of the countrys total exports.
Ultra Tech Cement Limited has 12 Integrated plants, 1 white cement plant, 11
grinding units in India and 1 Clinkerization plant in UAE, 15 grinding units ( 11
in India, 2 in UAE, 1 each in Bahrain and Bangladesh) and 6 bulk terminals ( 5
in India and 1 in Sri Lanka).
In 2003 The Board of Larsen &Tourbo (L&T) decides to demerge its cement
business into a separate cement company (Cemco). Grasim decides to
acquire 8.5 per cent equity stake from L&T and then make an open offers for
30% of the equity of Cemco, to acquire management control of the company.
24
The UltraTech Cement Ltd's captive jetty is situated on Saurashtra coast
(village Kovaya) between Jafrabad and the port of Pipavav (in Pipavav Port
area). This captive jetty was built with the intention of taking the company's
cement and clinker produced by its plant, the Gujarat Cement Works (GCW),
at village Kovaya to international buyers (export market) and also to western
India's coastal regions, through sea routes so as to reduce the logistics cost to
a great extent.
This jetty is considered crucial since it is the lifeline for the Ultra Tech
cement plant, including that of its another plant, the Narmada Cement at
Jafrabad. The captive berth today handles clinker and bulk cement cargo for
outward movement and based on the availability of jetty's space it then
handles coal, gypsum, iron ore and so on, for inward movement for captive
use only.
25
VISION
Customization
Quality consistency
Product range
Cost competiveness
Employee empowerment
MISSION
26
OBJECTIVES OF UTCL
INTEGRITY COMMITMENT
PASSION SEAMLESSNESS
27
About Board Of Directors
28
Highlights of Ultra Tech oCement
Country 25 countries
India, UK, Germany, Hungary, Brazil, Italy, France,
Luxembourg, Switzerland, Australia, USA, Canada,
Egypt, China, Thailand, Laos, Indonesia, Philippines,
Dubai, Singapore, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Vietnam,
Malaysia and Korea.
Logo
29
Awards and Achievements
30
Major Thrust Areas
A. WCM
D. Capacity Additions
E. Manpower rationalization
In order to keep man power costs down and to benchmark with best in
class industry, Man Power rationalization is undertaken through job
evaluation / Man Power studies, de-layering / VRS.
31
Raw materials required to produce cement
1. Lime stone
2. Aluminum leatherette
3. Hematite
4. Gypsum
5. Fly ash
The contents of raw materials consumed to produce the cement
are:-
Technology:
Ultra Tech cement has opted for the best world class technology and
equipment right from its inception. The plant has a state of art
technology featuring an assemblage of fuzzy logic x-ray analyzer and
cement scanner to ensure optimum production. The technology knows
how and the main equipment for the cement plants have been obtained
from m/s losche supplied the vertical coal mills at unit II and unit III. M/s
K HD Humboldt Ltd., Wedge Germany supplied the roller press, on the
latest equipment in the cement grinding process. The company was
first in the country to install multi-section soil with 6 compartments. In
addition to the above the company has v-separator, pyro step cooler
coal washery to reduce ash content of high ash coal.
Products profile :
32
Types of cement Brand name
Packing Design:
Weight
BRANDS OF CEMENT
1) Rajashree cement
33
1 Clinker 93.50%
2 Gypsum 4.00%
3. Fly ash 2.50%
2) Birla super
1. Clinker 93.50%
2. Gypsum 4.00%
3. Fly ash 2.50%
3) Birla plus
1. Clinker 71%
2. Gypsum 4%
3. Fly ash 25%
4) IRST-40 Cement
IRST-40 cement is used for making railway sleepers, dams, and big
projects. It is a special category of cement and has very high brains. It
helps in producing most durable concrete and is produced when there
is an order for the project.
34
a. Clinker 96%
b. Gypsum 4%
The unit has best of world class technology and equipments. We have
collaboration with various giant and reputed western based industries
so as to equip the factory with the latest technology of cement industry.
The complete plant is totally automated and centrally controlled with
the latest technology of cement industry. The complete plant is totally
automated and centrally controlled with the support of programmable
logic (PLC) arrangement.
35
g. Co-operation from district administration, policy officials,
authorities, labor dept and nearby villagers.
The cement manufacturing process
1. Limestone
2. Iron ore
3. Coal
4. Chemical gypsum
5. Alumnus late rite
6. Fly ash
36
SWOT ANALYSIS:
STRENGTHS:
Cement demand has grown in tandem with strong economic growth derived
from:
Growth in housing sector (over 30%) key demand driver.
Infrastructure projects like ports, airports, power projects, dam & irrigation
Projects.
National Highway Development Programme.
Bharat NirmanYojana for rural infrastructure and rise in industrial projects.
37
Production
The companys production facilities are spread across 11 integrated plants,
one white cement plant 12 grinding units and 5 terminals, 4 in India and one in
Sri Lanka. High quality cement production is increasing annually. Annual
production capacity is 23.10 million tones.
Logistics:
Ultra Tech Can directly deal with the limestone tenders and thus the middle
man do not affect its cost. Company use the local transporters which provide
the efficient transportation cost. Thereby reducing the extra expense and
making cement more economical for the local man to afford.
Plantation:
Ultra techs manufacturing plant uses ultra-modern technology and imported
machinery. Companys Unit at Koala is the only Unit in this sector in India to
have a desalination plant. It is used for meeting the water needs of the plant
and the colony. The waste gases from the cooler are used in the desalination
plant. that makes the product recyclable and environmental friendly thereby
contributing to the environment.
Companys CSR corporate social responsibility activities extend to 127
villages, in proximity to its plants, across the country. (William B. Werther,
David B. Chandler, 2010)
Brand Positioning:
In the world, Aditya Birla Group is the eighth largest cement player. Ultra
Techs products include Ordinary Portland cement Portland Pozzolana
cement and Portland blast furnace slag cement. The company exports over
2.5 million tons per annum, which is about 30 per cent to the countrys total
exports. Ordinary There is cement is the most commonly used cement for a
wide range of process. Applications cover dry-lean mixes, general-purpose
ready-mixes, and even high strength pre-cast and pre-stressed concrete.
OPC(ordinary Portland cement) is used for applications, such ascomercial
buildings industrial constructions, Multi storied complexes, cement concrete
roads and heavy duty floors. PPC ( PortlandPozzolana cement )cement is
used for big construction like dam and thermal power plant.
38
Distribution Channels:
Ultra Techs distribution network is very widely spread out in the country with
over 5,500 dealers and 30,000 retailers with its strong distribution channels.
currentlyUltratech is starting to acquire a strong positioning in the market
giving head on competition to its rivals.
Quality:
All the plants of Ultra tech are ISO 14001 Environment management systems
certified sustain to OHSAS 18001 standards.
Clean technologies and processes that combine economic progress and
sustainable environment are adopted by the company for better performance.
There is plants at Awarpur and Ratnagiri in Maharashtra; There is Jafrabad
and Magdalla in Gujarat; Hirmi in Chhattisgarh; Arakkonam in Tamil Nadu;
Tadipatri in Andhra Pradesh; Jharsuguda in Orissa and Durgapur in West
Bengal. They have won the Capexil Certificate of Export Recognition Top
Exporter Cement, Clinker, Asbestos and Cement Products for the years
2000, 2002 and2003. BhartiyaUdyogRatan Award presented to Sh. KYP
Kulkarniby Indian Economic Development & Research Association (IEDRA)
for good quality of cement to customer, New Delhi in 2004. (Narayanan, 2007)
WEAKNESSESS:
Cement Industry is highly fragmented and it is also highly regionalized and
Low value commodity makes transportation over long distances
uneconomical.
Not available in all the places: Ultra tech is not available at all the places as it
is not manufactured at all places and all plants are not available everywhere
due to which people cannot find it everywhere hence the profit margins are
affected to a greater extend.
Human Resource:
Due to openness in the Ultra techs work culture which is very informal that
does not suit for better management in corporate . The environment being
very informal affects the management a lot as being the management they
have to maintain a distance and discipline but due to the openness there is no
39
such thing and they face a lot difficulty to control. And Ultra tech has
insufficient man power due to its easy recruiting and selection method.
Marketing:
Lack of awareness program for consumers due to low promotion mix: the
company faces the problem of proper promotion due to which the customers
doesnt know much about the product resulting into less sales of the product
instead of being a good product.
Lack of marketing mix: the company suffers with the problem of proper
marketing mix which in return results into the whole confusion state and the
product does not reach to the customers properly and in fact a lot of them
dont know about it also.
Health:
Highly dusty environment at the time of dumping the cement is hazardous
for health.
It affects humans respiratory system adversely. Ultra tech is therefore not
contributing to society as its corporate social responsibility remains unfulfilled
due to many hazards.
Others:
Cement industry is highly fragmented and regionalized as Low value
commodity makes. As transportation over long distances is uneconomical for
value sector, so cost of transporting cement is high and this keeps cement
from being profitable over long distances. In other talks, shipping cement
costs more than the profit from selling it.
PESTEL ANALYSIS:
Analysing the above through pestel framework Ultratech was highly affected
by the environmental factors. As cement plants are very harmful for the
environment causing a lot of pollution and is harmful for the health of human
being hence proving that the environmentally it is not good and hence its
plants all are made to be situated outside the city where the population rate is
low or no population. So Ultratech is bearing great difficulty in managing the
environment along with the health issues.
40
OPPORTUNITIES:
With the low per capita consumption of cement in India 102 kg compared to
the global average of 260 kg and the emphasis on infrastructure development,
Ultra tech has ample opportunity to ride the growth curve. Ultratech can
develop new marketing area. It can sign MOUs (memorandum of
understanding) with government regarding supply of cement for government
work. Ultratech can also maintain the position of competition in the market.
Institutional market like corporate and offices, school society complexes are
growing in large scale, which will increase the requirement. People are opting
for more stable structures and good future, so large use of cement is taking
place, so government is spending heavily on infrastructure project as Indian
industry base is growing rapidly Thus, this is the right time to fully invest in
these market. There is regular demand of cement which in turn will increase
foreign investment in this sector. As roads transformation process is going on
through which the traditional method of road building will be convert by
modern concrete roads. Substantially lower per capita cement consumption
as compared to developing countries (1/3 rd of world average) Per capita
cement consumption in India is 82 kgs against a global average of 255 kgs
and Asian average of 200 kgs. For green field capacity 20 million tons per
annum will be required to match the demand in pipeline for other two years
leading to favorabledemand supply scenario. (Verma, 2008)
THREATS:
As huge cement industry emerge there is more competition for ACC
(Associated Cement Companies) to carefully enhanced its price , product and
at the same time satisfy its dealers and customers. Cheap priced brand are
capturing like a mushroom to lower income customer base. Players such as
Jaypee Cement, Prism Cement, and Birla cement. ACC cement are eating up
considerable market share. Due to India satisfy growth many new
international cement companies are expected in coming years which will bring
enormous change and can start price war. Government intervention to adjust
cement prices Transportation cost is upgrading. Due to loading restriction
41
there is overloading industrialist shows increase in costs due to the shortage
in coal industry.
Many retailers are influence by better profit margin, and other Benefits
because of small industries increase competition among them, which in turn
give heavy discount to customer and start malpractices.
Timber is also being considered as one of the substitutes of cement, which is
cheap and long lasting. Due to continuous attack of earthquake, many
countries like Japan, Indonesia, and Singaporeetc are now using timber in
construction since those areas are high earthquake affected. (Kalesh, 2009)
PORTERS 5-FORCE MODEL (THREAT) ANALYSIS:
Analysing the above through the five forces framework:
Threat of New Entrants: The high costs are major entry barrier for the entry of
new players. The high shipment costs make it difficult to import cement.
Cement being a high volume low value commodity results in high goods
costs, which makes cement imports economically unlikely. Domestic Cement
industry is highly integrated from global cement markets. Making cement duty
free, as cement is being imported from neighboring countries. However, due
to logistics issues and lack of port, handling capabilities, imports of cement
will remain negligible and do not pose a threat to domestic industry of
Ultratech.
Competitive rivalry between existing players: Previously the rivalry was strong
among the players, as the industry was not consolidated. During the last few
years the industry has become more consolidated with the Top 3 players
Ultratech is having a combined market share of 49 percent in 2005-06 as
compared to 32 Percent in 1999-2000. (Porter, 1988)
Its competitive analysis is as follows:
Domestic players competing Ultratech are:
Associated Cement Companies Ltd (ACCL)
Associated Cement Companies Ltd manufactures ordinary Portland cement,
composite cement and special cement and has begun offering its marketing
expertise and distribution facilities to other producers in cement and related
areas. The company plans capital expenditure through expansion of existing
units and/or through acquisitions.
42
Birla Corp
Birla Corp's product portfolio includes acetylene gas, auto trim parts, casting,
cement, jute goods, yarn, calcium carbide etc. The cement division has an
installed capacity of 4.78 million metric tones and produced 4.77 million metric
tones of cement in 2003-04. The company has two plants in Madhya Pradesh
and Rajasthan and one each in West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh and holds a
market share of 4.1 per cent. Going forward, the company is setting up its
captive Power plant to remain cost competitive.
Madras Cements
Madras Cements Ltd is one of the oldest cement companies in the southern
region and is a part of the Armco group. The company is engaged in cement,
clinker, dolomite, dry mortar mix, limestone; ready mix cements (RMC) and
units generated from windmills.
Lafarge India
Lafarge India Pvt Ltd, a subsidiary of the Lafarge Group, has a total cement
capacity of 5 million tones and a clinker capacity of 3 million tone in the
country. Lafarge commenced operations in 1999 and currently has a market
share of 3.4 per cent. It exports clinker and cement to Bangladesh and Nepal.
It produces Portland slag cement, ordinary Portland cement and Portland
Pozzolana cement.
Grasim-Ultra Tech Cemco
Grasim's product profile includes viscose staple fiber (VSF), grey cement,
white cement, sponge iron, chemicals and textiles. With the acquisition
of Ultra Tech, L &T's cement division in early 2004, Grasim has now become
the world's seventh largest cement producer with a combined capacity of
31million tones. Grasim (with Ultra Tech) held a market share of around 21
per cent in 2005-06.
Gujarat Ambuja Cements Ltd (GACL)
Gujarat Ambuja was set up in 1986 with the commencement of commercial
production at its 2 million tone plant in Chandrapur, Maharashtra. The group
has clinker manufacturing facilities at Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat,
Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Punjab and Rajasthan. The company has a
market share of around 10 per cent, with a strong foothold in the northern and
western markets. Its total sales aggregated US$ 526 million with a capacity
43
of 12.6 million tons in 2003-04. Gujarat Ambuja is one of India's largest
cement exporter and one of the most cost efficient firms. It has also
earmarked around US$ 195-220 million for acquisitions Cements Ltd.
CONCLUSION:
As India is the second largest producer of cement in the worlds many big
player presents in the market after that Ultratech cement increases his market
share due to the high growth rate of real estate. Because of continuously
growth of ultra tech cement after little year company may occur top cement
manufacturer in India. After swot analysis of Ultra Tech I found that company
has many strength, but few weakness also present, there are various
opportunities for company in India and other Asian countries because the
infrastructure is continuously developing. Company has won the best
Employer award in 2007, so young generation has various career
opportunities in it. Overall performance of company is increasing
continuously in each sector like as Production, HR, Marketing it is good for
company it is soon about to establish a strong brand name in the industry due
to its good quality and reputed image that is making it exclusive from its
competitors.
44
Chapter 4
Review of Literature
45
BrikendAziri
Management Research and Practice 12/2011;
Goyal (1995)
Determined the extent of employee satisfaction experienced by textile workers
due to primarily the statutory labour welfare facilities provided in the private,
public and co-operative textile sectors in Punjab, the awareness and
implementation of these labour welfare facilities and their correlation with job
satisfaction, including the relationship between labour welfare and job
satisfaction.
Srivastava (2004)
The Impact of Labour Welfare on Employees Attitudes and Job Satisfaction, a
comparative study was conducted on workers in the private and public sectors
of Kanpur city. The researcher attempted to assess the quality oflabour
welfare activities;measure the degree of job satisfaction of workers provided
46
with labour welfare facilities in private and public sectors and evaluates the
attitudes of workerstowardsmanagement in both the sectors.
HalilZaimSelimZaim
Fatih University, TURKEY
Judge, Timothy A.; Thoresen, Carl J.; Bono, Joyce E.; Patton, Gregory
K.Psychological Bulletin, Vol 127(3), May 2001,
48
Chapter - 5
Research
Methodology
49
PROBLEM STATEMENT
50
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
In the survey an attempt has been made to analyze the job satisfaction of
employees ofUltra Tech Cement Kovaya (Gujarat Cement Works).
The Head Office of the Ultra Tech Cement is situated at Andheri East
Mumbai.
The study tries tounderstand the level of satisfaction among the employees of
UTCL. It further explains the areaon which employees are mostly dissatisfied.
Job satisfaction of the employees has been analyzed on the basis of the
following seventeen job related factors.
Salary and monetary benefits
Job security
Promotion policy
Working environment
Employees participation in management
Freedom of expressions
Nature of job
Interest taken by superiors
Superiors and sub-ordinate relationship
Medicare
Loans
Conveyance
L.T.C.
Research Design
There are three types of research design that researcher can opt for.
1. Exploratory
2. Descriptive
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3. Causal
Out of the three available research design the researcher went for the
Descriptive research design which is suitable to answer the research question
and give proper fulfillment of research objectives in this study.
Sampling
The basic idea of sampling is that by selecting some of the sample
from the population, researcher may draw conclusions about the
sample study and generalize for entire population. A population
element is the individual participant or object on which the
measurement is taken.
Population Size
All the employees of Ultra Tech Cement. In the Gujarat Cement Works
is the population for this research study.
Sample Size:
Sampling Technique
52
After taken it to consider the limitations of this research study the
researcher has used the Non Probabilistic convenience sampling.
METHODOLOGY
In the preparation of this report, the researcher the data from different
sources. The sources of data as follows:
Primary data:
This data is gathered from first hand information sources by theresearcher,
this data collection from employees, managers, clerks etc., by administrating
the questionnaire having face to face interaction with employees.
Secondary data
This will give the theoretical basis required for the report presentationwhich
can be available from various sources such as magazines, office files, inter
officemanual and web site.
DATA ANALYSIS
In order to do the work properly, a insight about the product, about the
organization, about the employees was necessary. For this purpose a
extensive study was initially done about the Employee Satisfaction
After the initial study, the survey was started in order to get the questionnaire
filled by them.
53
On the basis of the information collected in the interviews from the
respondents and filled in questionnaire from them, certain findings were made
on that basis and some recommendations too were given to the organization
so as to improve the level of satisfaction of their customers. These findings
and recommendations would go a long way of satisfaction and service in
order to maintain its existing employees as well as to add 1-1 new employee
to its existing data base. They also point the aspect in which the organization
is lacking and need to improvise upon as well as the aspect, which are its plus
point and which can really help in future.
54
1. Overall, how satisfied are you working for the company?
o Extremely Dissatisfied 5%
o very Dissatisfied 5%
o Somewhat Dissatisfied 10%
o Neutral 10%
o Somewhat Satisfied 20%
o Extremely Satisfied 50%
60
50
40
30
20 Series1
10 Series2
0 Series3
Series4
o Disagree completely 3%
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o Strongly Disagree 7%
o Somewhat Disagree 15%
o Somewhat Agree 15%
o Strongly Agree 20%
o Agree completely 40%
Figure 5.2 Working condition
0.45
0.4
0.35
0.3
0.25
Series1
0.2
Series2
0.15
Series3
0.1
0.05
0
Disagree Strongly Somewhat Somewhat Strongly Agree
completely Disagree Disagree Agree Agree completely
Interpretation: Almost 40% of the employees are satisfied with the present
working conditions andenvironment.20% of the employees agree with their
work condition. and so on.
56
3. Are you satisfied with the wages paid to you?
YES 85%
NO 15%
15%
YES
NO
85%
Interpretation: 85 percent of the employees are satisfied with the wages paid
to them. Only 15percent of the employees feel that there should be a hike in
wages paid to them.
57
4. Do you have any incentives wage scheme for efficient work on your
organization?
YES 80%
NO 20%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
YES NO
Series1
58
5.What I like best about working for the Company is.
65% of the employees told that they were like the most about the
company is that the companys rules and regulations are motivated them to
work and stay in the organization.
25% of the employees told that they were like to do work with their
subordinates and superiors. They are too supportivein critical situation.
10% of the employees felt that companys wage scheme is good for
them.
59
6. How many years have you been with the company?
4-6 year
Series1
Series2
1-3 year
Series3
0 20 40 60 80
Interpretation:
75% of the employees were more than six years have been with the
company.
60
7. Is the management helpful and sympathetic to your problems in
workstation?
Series1
60
40
61
8. Are you satisfied with the facilities provided to you?
To some extent 5%
To large extent 95%
100
90
80
70
60
50
Series1
40
30
20
10
0
To some extent To large extent
Interpretation: Almost all the employees are satisfied with facilities provided
with theorganization.
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9. Does the management have good relation with the workers?
25%
To some extent
To large extent
75%
Interpretation: 75% of the employees feel that the management has a good
relation with the workers and only 25% of them feel that the management
should improve their relation with the workers.
63
10 Do you feel that the company policy really protect your interest?
YES 95%
NO 5%
Figure 5.9
Series1
95
YES NO
Interpretation: 95% of the employees feel that the company policies really
protect their interest. 5% of them feel that their interests are not protected.
64
11. Do you have any problems with the present management setup?
YES 20%
NO 80%
Chart Title
20%
YES
NO
80%
Interpretation: Only 80% of the employees are satisfied with the present
management setup and the other 30% is not satisfied and feel that there
should be change in the setup.
65
12. How flexible is the company with respect to your family
responsibilities?
Very inflexible 0%
somewhat inflexible 0%
neither 0%
somewhat flexible 5%
Very flexible 95%
Figure 5.11 flexibility
Chart Title
95
5
0 0 0
Interpretation:
95% of the employees feel that the company is very flexible with their family
responsibilities.5% of the employees feel that the company is somewhat
flexible with their family responsibilities.
66
13Have you ever observed or experienced any of the following forms of
discrimination or harassment at this company?
Racial discrimination0%
Sexual harassment0%
Gender discrimination 0%
Sexual orientation discrimination0%
none Observed 100%
Figure 5.12discrimination or harassment
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20 Series1
10
0 Series2
Series3
Series4
Interpretation:
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Hypothesis test.
H0: There is no relationship between working condition and wages
Cross tabulation
Cross tabulation mean comparison between the two elements / two variable
count wages
yes no Total
very dissatisfied 10 0 10
Neutral 16 0 16
somewhat dissatisfied 44 1 45
extremely dissatisfied 66 28 94
Chi-Square Tests
Interpretation
With the help of chi-square, pearsons chi-square value has found , that is p
value it can be identified that there is any relationship between given two
68
variable or not. Here p value is 0.000 which is less than 0.05 so that it can be
concluded that the null hypothesis is rejected, and it can be said that there is
relationship between working condition and wages paid to employees in Ultra
Tech.
69
Hypothesis test.
Cross tabulation
Less than a year 1-3 year 4-6 year More than 6 year Total
Very Dissatisfied 2 0 0 8 10
Somewhat Dissatisfied 0 1 0 24 25
Neutral 0 0 0 16 16
Somewhat Satisfied 0 9 11 25 45
Extremely Satisfied 0 12 8 74 94
Chi-Square Tests
70
Interpretation
With the help of chi-square, Pearsons chi-square value has found, that is p
value it can be identified that there is any relationship between given two
variable or not. Here p value is 0.000 which is less than 0.05 so that it can be
concluded that the null hypothesis is rejected, and it can be said that there is
relationship between working condition and working years to employees in
Ultra Tech
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FINDINGS
The major findings of the studies are as follows:
72
SUGGESTIONS:
73
CONCLUSION
74
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books referred
Personal management
Company Ltd
Industries
Web sites
Theories
http://www.adityabirla.com/about-us/overview
http://www.teammax.net
http://humanresources.about.com/od/employeesurvey1/g/employee_satisfy.ht
m
http://www.managementparadise.com/forums/principles-management-p-o-
m/208710-pest-analysis-cement-industry.html
http://www.ultratechcement.com/careers.php
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Literature Review
http://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q=literature+review+on+employee+satisfac
tion&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart&sa=X&ei=eI3IU72qN8KOuAS41
IGgAQ&ved=0CBkQgQMwAA
http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/bul/127/3/376/
htthttp://epoka.edu.al/new/icme/2.pdf
http://iosrjournals.org/iosr-jbm/papers/Vol5-issue1/E0513239.pdf
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/222103547_Job_Satisfaction_A_Liter
ature_Review
http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED492690.pdf
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Annexure
Questionnaire on Employee Satisfaction
o Extremely Dissatisfied
o very Dissatisfied
o Somewhat Dissatisfied
o Neutral
o Somewhat Satisfied
o Extremely Satisfied
o Disagree completely
o Strongly Disagree
o Somewhat Disagree
o Somewhat Agree
o Strongly Agree
o Agree completely
YES
NO
4.Do you have any incentives wage scheme for efficient work on your
organization?
YES
NO
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7.Is the management helpful and sympathetic to your problems in
workstation?
To some
extent
To large
extent
To some
extent
To large
extent
To some
extent
To large
extent
10.Do you feel that the company policy really protect your interest?
YES
NO
11.Do you have any problems with the present management setup?
YES
NO
Very inflexible
Somewhat inflexible
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Neither
Somewhat flexible
Very flexible
Racial discrimination
Sexual harassment
Gender discrimination
Sexual orientation discrimination
None Observed
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Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13
1 6 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
4 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 5 5
6 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
6 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 5 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
4 2 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
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5 6 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
4 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 5 5
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6 6 1 1 4 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
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6 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 5 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
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6 4 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
1 6 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 5 5
3 2 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
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1 6 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 5 5
1 6 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 5 5
2 5 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 1 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 5 5
6 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 4 5
6 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
3 2 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
3 2 1 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 5 5
6 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 4 1 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 4 5
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6 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 4 5
3 6 1 1 4 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 5 5
6 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 5 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 1 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
6 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
3 2 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
3 4 1 1 4 2 2 1 2 1 5 5
6 6 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 4 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
5 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 5 5
5 6 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 5 5
6 5 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
5 1 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 1 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
6 5 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
3 2 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
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1 6 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 5 5
2 6 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 4 1 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 4 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
4 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 5 5
6 6 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 5 5
6 6 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
6 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 5 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
3 4 1 1 4 2 2 1 2 1 5 5
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5 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
4 2 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
4 2 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
4 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 5 5
6 5 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 5 5
2 5 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 1 5 5
2 6 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 5 5
3 2 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
3 2 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
3 4 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 1 4 5
3 4 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 1 5 5
3 4 1 1 4 2 2 1 2 1 5 5
6 6 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
5 1 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
4 1 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
4 6 1 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 5 5
4 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 5 5
4 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 5 5
6 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 5 5
5 1 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 2 1 5 5
5 1 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
2 4 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 1 4 5
1 5 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 5 5
3 2 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
3 2 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 1 5 5
3 4 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 1 5 5
5 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
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5 6 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 6 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
1 6 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 5 5
1 6 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
3 4 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 4 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
4 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 3 1 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
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6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
5 5 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
4 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 5 5
4 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 5 5
1 5 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 1 5 5
2 5 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 1 4 5
2 5 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 1 4 5
2 5 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 1 4 5
2 5 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 1 5 5
2 5 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 1 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
1 5 1 1 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
4 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 4 5
6 6 1 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 4 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 6 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
6 3 2 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 5
3 5 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 5 5
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