universtrr TEKNOLOGI PETRONAS FINAL EXAMINATION SUS rte acl el catty COURSE : — QBB1013 PHYSICAL GEOLOGY DATE —: ~—.28" APRIL 2014 (MONDAY) TIME : 9:00 AM — 12:00 NOON (3 HOURS) INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. Answer ALL questions from this Questions Booklet 2. Begin EACH answer on a new page in the Answer booklet given. 3. Indicate clearly answers that are cancelled, if any. 4. Where applicable, show clearly steps taken in arriving at the solutions and indicate ALL assumptions. Do not open this Question Booklet unti instructed. Note There are SEVEN (7) pages including the cover page in this Question Booklet Iniversiti Teknologi PETRQBB 1013 The relationship between igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks is described in the rock cycle. Explain the processes, which lead to the changing of granite to schist {6 marks} FIGURE Qt is a subsurface section through the earth showing a variety of geologic features. Using the stratigraphic and relative dating principles: i. Construct the sequence of events in chronological order from the oldest to the youngest. [8 marks] ii. Justify the type and characteristic of unconformities found at 1, 2 and 3 (indicated in circles) in FIGURE Q1. [6 marks]© vo 3unol4 €L01 aad.QBB 1013 ‘Compare and contrast, with the aid of appropriate sketches: a, Conglomerate and breccia [4 marks} b. Cleavage and fracture [4 marks} ¢, _Denudational and structural contro! landforms [4 marks] 4. Rockfall and rockslide [4 marks] e. Aphanitic and phaneritic textures [4 marks]QBB 1013 Describe, with the aid of sketches the following: i Ductile deformation [3 marks] ii, Graded bedding [3 marks} Explain with the aid of diagrams, how the relationship of rock types and structural geology can be used for petroleum prediction. [6 marks] Describe the formation of karstic geomorphology as seen in the Kinta Valley area [8 marks}QBB 1013 With the aid of sketches, compare and contrast the following: i. Lava and lahar [4 marks} ii, Symmetrical and asymmetrical ripple [4 marks] Draw a schematic diagram showing THREE (3) major groups of sedimentary environments and label ONE (1) depositional environment in each [6 marks] i, Describe the formation of paleochannel [3 marks] il, Describe the technique used for detecting paleochannels. [3 marks)QBB 1013 Explain with the aid of diagrams, the following: i. SLOW mass movement. [5 marks} ii, FAST mass movement. [5 marks] Surface morphology determines the drainage pattern. Sketch ONE (1) type of drainage pattern due to: i, Structural contro! [2 marks} ii, Steep slopes [2 marks} Explain THREE (3) problems caused by the excessive extraction of groundwater. [6 marks] - END OF PAPER -