MASS AND ENERGY BALANCES 5 oa MATERIALS ENGINEERING s aes Mark E. SCHLESINGERATOMIC WEIGHTS ANO NUMBERS ‘ois eh oaly ign corpster alco mst a 8= 12 ieest —Syabol_—tnter se | Eenent Syke) ter Kaui (Mem Aimum A aatas | Mem Mo 2 Sa fom fy |e NE a awe bk i8t6 Nomi pT Ric A Botte Jaa sa Rae NE eR Et fom eat [ingen Teer eye Bet 90m Dm OG tims RSW | Oa isa Sone BS inn [Puls Ra Seoe eRe ST Cane Gh 1D) | anme 8 Coe Gt [om Came [ime fee 8 aiius|imaum Com BE aman Gin 8485 [mci SE Goma S19 [Ramm RD i & Foi [ae Ce Gh SMe [hemi RES Grom Gn [Rm RS en a Een [Rte RT Eker” B35 [Summum SS Semin Fe Sa [Samm SL a6 Feu Fe [Sek Se To fome | F wnat [See SMe Fame fee [Sie pa Coie Gata [Som RYN Gti = GN at [Sma mun RS [Sie Se we a fe eoe [Tm 13 fetnon TM [Tamm EB elu Be Rtg [eet tne = Be acta |b Te eS fstoen {itn | Tee ne TS tetas [Tatum Tm tase fie kaa [te oo ne R ‘sto [tei Koo Rm [ingen WS Unem — )9T [Umm USD tar B® Boa fm Xe LD Mie 689 [Yim 3) toe ty rma [cme B8b05 Mgrs Mg 24312 | ze a 0 or oa ‘CONVERSION FACTORS AND UNITS. Leah tw =sam= 37 [tnt sce) = 10 ington) = 10 Younes 10 ie Ms iy: ia aug) tee = 285, "oer = an 972 Foe "aw = i! es |e= trom Tepe Tiger hain dpsed 225, ‘ges aie" epee fomay "eth Iga get © age 2720748 1Stéemadmes) sant ouia esis {Sacral sel) {tec ys) 115d = a <3 \sammte Lat) Veer Tis gw =e ongemst oss e706 ibe cuit =e THE GAS CONSTANT {UR Gel 1285 her is am eR 178 pcan 1ST lek“Rod SBAUSD Mass and Energy Balances in Materials Engineering Mark A. Schlesinger Department of Metollurgical Engineering University of Missouri - Roll z PRENTICEHALL, Upper Saldle River, New Jersey 07458 ~. ¢ay Cg Cage Pot te Ay rn ming A ay ite tr ine ER 2 sy) 3 oe me ass 8s 7 one BULENT reer CRRA any BOO SULIN © ne Sun Sune Vir Cn bi ed Nepal bk a tee ny he ms s ‘Teepe a oe se ‘nt yin re ie ec i * le eh ites ep me een. Thea ‘teeny ay ind nomen i get he pp ese ce SIT tt pl tea ran ts as enna ai a ry fotomene rte oe. SON 0-02-¥0738b-5 Pretty Sth Contents PREFACE 41 PRELIMINARIES 1~DIMENSIONS AND UNIT CONVERSIONS. Dinersions, Uns and Systems 1 Simple Unis 5 Dera Unts 10 Probes 15 2 PRELIMINARIES I USING THE UNITS Mees 19 The liniGos Law 21 Composton 2 Densty. 27 Vapor Sateaion 28 Probins 31 3S FUNDAMENTALS OF MATERIAL BALANCES Systems and Paces 3 Frashests 38 The Lav ol Cosenaton of Mass 42 ol » 4comes Degrss of Freedom 45 Soktng Maipl-Component Balnces 47 Probions 50 [NON-REACTIVE MATERIAL BALANCES 55 CConsteney wth Units 55 (Choong 2 Bass 59 Mudie Unt Mas Balnces 60 A Rjewol Piooucs 64 Reel, Ratu, Byes, Purge and Bled Suess 6 Mexaues Pprornagce 62 Heit Maporizaion 72 Problems 152 ‘sToIcHIoMETAY 92 The Generic Factor 82 Balancing Cheri Reactions 84 Ronured Reagent Cations 86 Lining ond Eacess Reagents 87 Stites for Maligle Reactions 90 Prob 98 REACTIVE MATERIAL BALANCES 7 Combustion 97 Mere Mensnes of Peformance 103 Waring Bochusrd 105 ‘he Use of Lagers 107 Probes 114 ENERGY AND THE FIRST LAW (OF THERMODYNAMICS 21 Types of Energy 121 The Fost Law f Themis 123, ore About Enthaly 125 ‘Thermadjamic Tals, Heat Capacity al Serle Heat 127 Ente of Phase Changes 132 “Tempertte Dependent Hats of Trrston 136 tle Trek 138 ‘Appendix »Souces of Theredsamie Dla 140 Problens 144 10 u NONREACTIVE ENERGY BALANCES Energy Requrement for Heating Poceses 148 ‘The General Energy Blanca 150 Ibe Energy Babes 152 ‘Adiabatic Systems. 154 HeatLen Caledatons 158 fceney 160 Conbined Noneactie Mas and Energy Balances 162 Prcbims 168 ‘THERMOCHEMISTRY OF REACTIONS The Standard Sate 169 tps of Fermaion 172 He La 175 Temperatre Depanbt Heals of Reaction 177 Heats of Noung’ 163 Problems 187 [REACTIVE ENERGY BALANCES Extensive Hats of Faacon 191 Heats of Combnon 198 ‘AdibateRencion Tenperaues 198 More cr Rafernce Temperatures 202 ‘An Oveal Process Energy Balnce 208, Probes 207 COMBINED REACTIVE MASS ‘AND ENERGY BALANCES More on Gitte Caleing 213 Cmbinad Mae and Energy Bances “The Asumptone Exaiesrs Nake: A “Simp Re ld Nos sod Energy Baeace 225, Some Cosig Msatons 229 Problems 233 APPENDICES A Hess of Ming for op Stns. 287 4B Anouers to Seco Problems 252 © Suggated Adoral Reting 259 INDEX 148 169 11 213 237Preface (th sf challenges fi foe yrs hy psa te ase ining ses unde stan i nreing the qs, “Why” Toe Sete rune wih wr of ictal oot core, ah hosed ‘sheen egy eo ering bat pcs of he Geek ibe and ‘teased 0 mate ese conse ond demos tht sry gh a vat) ‘figment od examntons What fen isin enesncing ef why a8 Engi eu to Kw tee ngs oe ow Be or he can we te o gave ‘en et xine cars eg by in a Answering he geson "Why isan nei aches wea he sb Jeti his, To may thd ns se mio fo ic [tk fay prac! dmoniron of ow he a se ovens of ts Feld we ‘eed by wring engi Tis ck parca fk meal enieing tnd is docenen ek, msi ec and egg. Dept an of > Tralee aha u's Matra! Prone wo Seubans lio- al Bniering: Excering Pile, most mates! nda ‘rk awn fo ir erection iho eerie oft natal gic prace tee the hsory apm be wet casio Ge he caret mpc th ins of “Si ening eden, whch is nee it retin re in el fora aso te gsi, “Why, ting hs halen Inno exci pa “This tok ree an temp ay as is ne by fcusng on te toe ots Lav of Conran f Mas onde Ft af Teas ia ‘elping marin opines. Thi feel mal poi of ie ‘oe of hry lvl Spe pron wh tm presi of “it Pros aw ones we hs cone pee isc fist tp in moving heros ome esto ce fo thee vord ns of the ris engine, T coin ‘igre iy cones el the sar’ rinary tackrund in entacive met, at ‘eo has tee ad ngs o demise he elvan o te bjt © her ek of mate prodson ad cessing aii ped thatthe ones Bave ‘wn pes ina pneral eo fain dat asrcors wishing 10 emphasize ese tte els wil be leo ag the Bok the ees. Tas bk pinay mem fo sents wh year af leo ebenisty oi crite, spores, Sone snl cel ily re que, wel 8 sm ink fing oho fo tle «che reac. Previous experince bas sown th be tv esentl portions canbe gover pce of 12 weeks ors Goh te eth ti aguner cies howe, compte inresion th ejects iy = ea fat sons The bok agli ha er noc in the her gis is depend ona ones concepts from eae ches “The cess atthe ano he ger come fn 2 vst of ves of aly, swf een Obviony the moe copie fe pole, th mare wil 1 ‘soni cl pose. Some ert has een mode to ete polems which ae- {pm core rm roi haere x ssf ase, tas demons teh matali Caper is ot np f the materi n Cape 2. Ag, the nen one cll snl aca engineting pact. "Te evprewed rene or intact progressing oh his Wook wil tie some dsl sete ht re sng Ha seme cuss (pf not too my), Be “isons nist he, ty re lest neta esos a 2 Sno uy wih make wp ole Th ako computer based execs. Te sn gen tt ch fhe ma tel presen in sok icy adgtd oconpute Bed slutons. The mies Freed in Chap 3 ae fay bade by seven eoeel sofware paces, Thee f exo eugen age for coaler systems (ah at the combs ci eboscts fil Cage $ ad 6) 5 edly ada ws a peat based Chere, Te it ia te bck of is bck 1 "Towa mets of aleting ‘Serna ta previous arate ely from age wey toes (5 by he try, DOS-campatble ely. The hp so eal is in fue eds of he Book) The casa fatten tempers as an idl exe fo camp {ered nutons Hower given wide vy of Stare al pean ysis sed by sd opsipng sme exercise ty all reader ot ‘Sea his po i ime The ped as of ape tof wit. suns tt the subs of ot ow reign ees owe Sus th ext os, 2 10 (Ge cichson of ber unt ns However is bales comet indi pra (es ‘elly inte US). The newly pauasd engine corey casa wot hich Tene celeste ests 160 an tas a 315 a fet mich took Seas eamnt cing (teat nt nme). Terie, par of i eng ee ane peed ee ini the ne ope ani cones’ a x pt of ese Peder cies tromphoat he ok. Sone efit as een ade oe the wef a ST nis lth at mt is, ad ser a suficien section ef Soi execs fl Towing ech hapless Sere wil to ely sped tho is of he euba The uso ony deal pares Oe of sigs icc beeen e ae sik posing unit operas piel by mati engines nd hoe peromed ty ‘hel enicer i th lative lick of ih press inh former and He son ‘hat greaer ena on ph tenpertues- AS ses. me understand Vin er Wal costs 2d fer sma aecotemens ofthe cemcaegining eu ‘Set fh book ae ese ey ae As slays is bok stay te ret flu (aad ce tes) ners dvi ant goape Te rit Whip a te ead o ht bk His ‘eve tls wich have sr span in pra he wos Hy Rao ao by eller andRoasea ered the reader Toe einer of hte eas) coed s dep of grat, areal thse who rok it upon hess to do some ‘hg about my trays (ar ok here). The ens Bill Sag (yet) ‘ad Mg Wiest (his asst in pting wp with be pecs of ew ao mi iy paar pecion Abd s(t ot ast the sit yeas wrth of nderga estos ot UMR ad evil he Univers of Us hn seed (nd on Se ser) at unwtig gus is for he covzeps and excises in ths ook ere mention frei le in iproing Lp of his ot core an ongoing oc, al eas wo hve suggestions oredr cones and robes tht sou ‘renin th ook re wean octet he the=1 Preliminaries I—Dimensions and Unit Conversions Mach fhe mt i set caper may eae wth eae Chaps 0 ti teens a amit sabes pens oases (se (Say ite Unie St). The mat fe preent heone aaa Deca) it oven ae neil art of enpnrng rac, sl much of wba OWS Wl ef o da wih ib he ty mae such eomesioes, (2) reas ae thes nsdn ies deh wisn as ae a oct esos nd) expen ht ova ht many Suen ned ep expe Suto he sje ay, DIMENSIONS, UNITS, AND SYSTEMS ‘The sty of mas and bet lan i ery ch a exec in acorn ans sh for the mae oi wich some nail oes Big ere fu Halong a td Be of exe Bower is Rca) ine ‘his act rng tobe ect. Tinos esng whe encep tmay ‘eye fie frm ius couse —dienion and wis. 2 dimers is mching at cn be mee ce gid. The Bsn ineasons ae Stone red —ngh ace (engh age, and velune eth Cobel, Bt nas edtine te adenine mote cop vel he vs ay, ele nag an esl eis ‘Dimes ne pope not ype—singl a deri, Deed ass are doe tutto of ro or mote te desis. lc fr exams {nit of nth ie fet, 2) ie by nt of ie os, oes, 12 Chapin 1 Paris |-Disns and Uni Coase kyo ei che ia wif caret ape) mii yu of ine Most tiers so deve pe so te much oe camp th thee to ‘ample Howevey sve mle dimensions ert hh canoe sided. These ino aac cure lamina inns themedyamic tenga, mas, eth, fanoun, and fine, Te of tees empresa ‘Sel trowpht ie book Cuneta an amu te of es inporase, ‘ie amon nent Wl ave ao sicace whiter. Some deed dner- Sis at wl be ingore ici ae, compotion, concerto, des, ees, ear epain power press ols al wor “Te cont of unt isa ld eh ned of kid measure Somhing—a| tine ner he stce a sear ml be oa, he ze and weight fa rock. A fn iva sind age of given denon spit which eer magus of ‘tt dco canbe compre The wh fs poge sol seven of wn of Tent ll a nh, ihnese of thi ook i egel few banded of» eit cal pgs is wll own ht hei mre tha oe saison fr sey al diner sons; for commonly ed dimensions suchas weight ad eat, te ae ally hones. Among te esos fr is re te Feowing (4) The “popular” of th pata mension, Whilst sou evra so ‘Sy concer with tesa magne cccny vol ot te ‘evenly sort, As tee a my mote ui fr eng | fee coy, (0) The hsry of mension. Some conse weight ce gh have bees ‘end lng ts ms bi fo commute =, ie mine or 8 amc vice, hve been “Koma fora ach she psd of tine Since nny une (ke he oi) ae rove in Recluse, dnerson hs ee "und ager Hilt ne ha mans develope for measuring it (©) Commence. ‘The hicks ohana al can be expres in es, and he ‘hil upto el al io rs; ihr of thse umber lt have tmach mening. Pepe ae geerly more conferees the mate apart dnc In uber same teen. a 100, an hey hae orth ene ceed is hallow hn ois (a) Lac of commaicaton, The ft tnt Coot A apd Country B we diet ‘nt forthe same dietson Sa’ mae a nga pple fe he co te n't have nda th cach et. If sachs tees, he nits of Coty ‘Amat hve imp” with he of Cooney fe acepane a bot l ‘nse peopl fm fem cots (or dflet repos of th ae coun) ist ing with each per mare as, he mero ifeent wis fc ie tae dimension ane ob cofsng. Ax el aewgs have perc De rae cee a “syste” of ns, lng theese ones and evn sind Dinesons, Us and Sptens 3 ‘mtd unbe of stl mages for chemo. The sys sd nt of tea io Unied Stes in te Englih stem of wt, ako ald te PPS fve poutine ert best kane nis as italy lel when Maga Cara we sgn Io 1215 nd bas suid assem (ith me cs) ‘yough ony. Hower twas oped by cous ote he eh Epi, nd thr ssc ated 9 en! feel sce 15, he Nato Anembly f Face invite th Reysl Sect of Landon > ‘ook with hem in viing sem fis hat woudl everyone and end to feafsien, Hovever te ining was quiet. Te Bish wee noe 0 fon of he Pech sd ey ead et of sis hoy worked gui susactely. AS ae ‘al he Royal Sack deci tivo, ‘The Bauch wear aed ca ti om tn cane ap with ft iow aoe the mere or CS (enter rom second) ‘stem. With psp cf isa the warn fe Bish Emp, be mee 3 tem fas om chen y ern afr oan, athe Unio Sts sere ‘aly sa wht th hh stn ll widely Horee, the mee stem sll vee © Sous cofsioa, Fo example, calre wer dete ely th staly of myname a the ann of ney ‘ied rake he engente of ae gam of tr by ene Ces dpe Late it ‘fs undestood that deed dintson Hk em cn be defn in ters snp wasn, anda weeny wit cle jonle was crete to oe Kogan "ims one squat mete pe secod sgued. Howeer, pole wee wed wig aoe fis sie metic sem ow fstred to conpeingenry wie Oe conics tee wih tr ompeig mfr pes, ithe cmos, bas mer ef ier and beige ong whe pele eel mee wa Another robe sb from th fat at fer aues were sometimss gven tote samc une A rat abenge ofthe mee system ale wf gen tneson ante cee pty by achig 3 pee he te” wit hs allowing the er exes is magia inp mare “amforbl” numbers. For example, taken mass of mera ealing 1SHA00 grams Somewhat lnc prsion Ts oul io be espe o 1818-10 grime, wich det lp Imoh Hone, aig th pet mea, eating “nlp by TO" ches this ‘er to L140 megugnnte Using the pret, main “null by 10” ‘nos his mas eal wan The pees canbe apd any ter tec unitOADOOIS eri ele OO01S lima ao eal 13 Incomes Sle Ist he more neon wed ees othe metic se, be lilo facts whic thy dee an th eters) stocked w abe (sr grams, mfr terse.) 0 cee ane mi strviatne- mg for miligas, on or ioe, snd 98 ‘So ofthese oid” wis ook on bs anes a te year wea lng. Mie rome, for eal, Hee Kogan mons, we megrns were beer Town st meee, Onstenh of megapsa cane ete own a br, hie, aew dines cine ang topos ince nd ent ccs, 1s oe ils progerbe were dices, nd aling Gon the exact vale fo it aed one dias Besa soting probe. Evenly bce4 Chapter 1 Pts |-Diesrs 2d Unt Cerasns agte Tie ere soto Pets Symtel Pwr = Tm fe oo mM he . hoo mm = fe fof ope! to ny css a ond tr wa ino te metic syste, and thea etment would Be is oder ‘Sica relement wae peromed in 1940, with the edopon ofthe Sime ner iol d Unis, eter ko ase SI stem. The SI ser basal represents 2 “pws” of te metic sem, wit he exp group mee nis eng sited io thre gope—fcil SLumis asa aleraives and dso oot wnt All he wis from the Engh sem fal io he ier xu, of ove a 3 mot ofthe asred metic wie. Calais, tops, od tH licuragel ar are misons, Ae nner us were (ae) 50 widely ed hat thy at iad cep; hese ne mists, ous and days otis oa maces formas, a ais fr ada acy. among obs. Some Special ames fra el, sch mors (ese), cares ae anes ‘Tegan ee (oe) av avo ured ab cepa ani espe int lings the profi system wee, dee the war waged by System ropes fo eps hit yeas gst dcrged wis, sever posta especialy «0 in he Uri State. terete metic stems ot yx Bex fry ade, nh es Sons As ‘ol te Americ engine or scene who was o be ale crane the 1 ‘ats fiber wrk rst be case f doing oi seven dee sts ous nd th ue the us of i comerion Soe Unie 5 SIMPLE UNITS. Length, Area, and Value Sever nsf kent inte English system rf st wads. fe, unde mers abs fia nlig te far 6) Fong (0 Fe, ‘(165 fe and cin wo ps). Tae a als wo Keds of mie he sta eile trl lad and tesa mi wed er wt, 5 wel 5 (or Bical scot) the eb “Te St wi for lng of bums, te meter, and eed is ich enim tte laste lie and mientras eee hth te five” doug) Awning, st he conesion crs between conan Engst nite own (12 ces pro 3 et er ala 760 yrs pt ‘ie cal ne cones fcr i del 10 ove betten rg and St uit {0308 meterfnt The peng Sse mks care othe re. ‘Ae wif ah alii! y hat nk of egth—souare et nd sae Incr oe Engl syst, gee mo, sq Cenc, ee, nS ants. Tee tie sere esl ets of tea of asc gin im Bodh saens—an ae {5,90 sur fost, hota eels 100 sae tes. When th ts ae fale torn gen pone so ae the conveion acon, for campo sgare fost [1 (03048 mh = 0052 n. ‘ie unio egh taken etn pwer—ebi ines, cb fee tic sree. The Engh sem cots a vty faba ans of vole, the bestinown of whishate th far! pelo), wich equals 61 cai et. od {he all (0S, ge 9 01341. Thre also eo Kind of bare to oer tyes of gl to be coed it long wih Bula, buses us rae ras, fins, il, hosed, ins noggin, ances, peck. is furs cen stress end fe eke). Teel sn SL metic units the Ther 10" mw hs ben dca cep ‘Since ever Engi sysom os fer etre are sl sin indi prc, the singe coersion eon we ir length a arn actions wot be Sit ‘heise font coer fs ook its he conten constants ewer some lisp vane us nd he SL cower or the oust par. te coavesons ecwoen Soni nde nes ar et a tose mast wen knowing Time “This only dnenso in wich he ns the same fr both he gh an SL sytem. Te ut tesco mies, is, a all acpi feud ht he eer on the omen counts fr ese mis by now ample Ld Ii ach iw ai pg bt, toi wre pie of ho Pld er ver tha sta mae ef anon oe as Aer a en ha(6 Couple 1. Petminass Dimesns an Unt Commons “pen LMI 65 oe 8 of big hier he Te he stor Somme dt eatin of 65 mers and re ong Wee ‘rig son rite te et nd naw ft hs hg theme come mi ‘Wit ptm eseiy ess 9 ame why Sm ei rs roo lt per Ti on 90s caeig he ie SP in ae Cong e gh it fee Oa ana Se epee he wi, te cass of wining Spay om te ice his gd ot veo Tar esl oe nce th wi mk al ie ec i fue utc eet fen ane Ty AY 28-10" Ine by 00% edo vin (raping ees wc ef ‘heed 752% mies why cng ree of ep oe hte {sen ing oo of eting ease ‘Amount amy not see gi at fe bt ee sever is fr this dimenson Te ok ‘ous nt sone of smeting—ane appl, coe Fea, et But thee are ths ‘When he comity depres the Bakers tha sues des a fsa het la thy phe packs of 1, aves of 48 he esen hve teen eecialyanbuno, These re ants of sour A dco isa wait of moun, sibagms “he Sen fc anti mol equa Avogdo's muber (6023-10) mes tte uit oe. Ara re, the ae 6023-10 atoms pet mole of om, aa (6023-102 molecules pr tne of meses Obviol. on i an acepabe soe alsa, Mass and Weight ‘Acomsp tse sretimes ave ely rings he in ht weight at nse he ae ing, The llercace bce the to isa o Nevin’ see Gnd lof motion, wick tet fre eg es is a acelersba of Sone st, Wet st fre cad by te alton af a ea mas ina gait ena li, wh nt econo watver plans hems appease ao the pra tine The geil const 09 eth.) is 981m in SL wis (G22 Wie Engl) oo smilerttls such a: Mars rte ro is es socks ts kestorse jn doe weigh as much he as hey woul co hs pls. See Us 7 ‘The St nit for msi te lor eed nis sh wrong, pum, nd mega ae so acepb athe ae mas wn. Ming rn yg le 9 gio 38 norton, i Sut for fre. However, 881 Nis ofc tex s bing eg 0 on Horan (i) Sas mas fob ‘grin hs 2 wight af te Aagrfrce anywhere othe planet. et ae fin Gel itrcangtahy. Th ference fetwsen ho sould be kept id en the possi of mieleposslag opens ecreing en Sowe the pet sme ty ngihsystn nis ce slong wl before Newton’ dacovery of he scant aw of tna Aree ll of th Engh waits fr mas racy dev fm fweexitng eis fr weigh th test Low of ich the pour). Diving pond ice(y) by g ls QI hy, abo known asa pound as (hy) (ne he is Kno a slag) Tse again the reason why he em "pound is freuen wed witht dsiogushng betwen mass ad weigh “hs covenoncorunsom he se over Ist the conven const te ven sea ns for aa Dit tre ae fever Ses of gallo nd bare or ‘mesueng vols two Ope of Exp next ong nd shor) a mel a 90 ‘ops of ence and out eordps ndoy). Cofuon of tise is ne of he jeune wy be mere sod Sluis ve become so pops woe ‘Temperature—Units and Seales Sal ofthe dneasons examined have we an abo seale—ne fer which a Imaal of ao imps compete kof whatever is ing messed. A mas of en inpls a complete ak of any sb; slag of 220 imps no dtce Imbtserer between pins A and B An bolts swe in ha he ea and Inte ofthe dines ae same nan be expen he se wit. Sie the cpl lack of mot dimetsos sea cocivable, mas Sean bie le. Homers, to meson tt wil be very impo were iil designed to ea le el oe whch te 2 pol es gc eres a compet ak oF the paralardineason The tho elvescaledimcsons ae pres (oot ‘hich ew fa loners, Th ease hat eat eles xt or thse popes is tat we» eamplet ck of ach an Be oss iri easy (ret. Tis mas espeily te whem he rt tens wre male wo devs macs oF ‘ming tcp nd pres sibs ail eigcaton an acu roe ttn wets abe of he ie As sul he eet of wis for tpt and resre was accompany the era eration of 2 elie eo po, gain ‘ich ber eens press col be messed "Ths Eng stement or tempest i the Fahrnis degree (med tee Geman sce ho cme pith ithe cry 70s Ge! Fact twas ghaower nb wade mei ed hemometrs. nade to make he exp Son and onto oft my he errs he emp oe an ll tcn somthing, edi cen sel coering Wie a ange as ps. The{Chaper 1Petiats [Driers and Unt Camere owes fering pint oun was dat of © mire of wer ands smi (RCD; te ete ezine pit fs mixture as Steel ew degre nd tbe poston of th msi the throat ke 3 sch The highs pose tepentere sce i ht Geocter w tht a whic be mercy Ben 0 ‘hi is temper was st eel wo 6 pes, aed te pic of the meary sin muted ofa sh Diving te disane tere th no pant ino 00 eal Spaces yl he magne of he Feit ‘abet ese tne Soodshetonomer named Anke Colo cre op ‘ih to he mene te vero fle emer se, i Celis ‘x cenrde le, Ui cy he mpi wa et the fering it lpr ‘Geant oligo of water ms steal ID0 dere Bah of te on Ss a moch eer cee dn be per owe mis of te Feat ee, tig te ssl easeorepadce. Agen, evenly iting he pce Bete up Perdis on 3 poe marked moms eld Ue enpecieewit°, Both Fakes and Clin sels sea educa. nd as venta snwn athe rls and ans cu be nvr om one We te oe fel or covering vee he vo ss shoul efi Fetsc4s2 a are P= number of dees aves ard C= pane of dees Cabs, Howser, oneting tween erste as hese as covering be ween entire us Canveriag betwen anges in eget ( For 8 C) rapes an euler betwee eng i, ana 0 uring 1800 it ame pret ht te might sick hing a a8 aso ‘ue zr fr egestas Calle sing the ea rs swe i 390 Ie ae agen oes temper of 273165 Can Buse fiat of Wo shoe pera sk os eren.Tho Keb cle aed er Bish pys- ‘ss we th ame temper it ws th Celio s,s the nea be omer snp yang th doen ever he 90280 i: kee 7m os (oe that te deg pmol * i nd or the Kein tempera see ui TAA K eth cot ge it 27 16°K) Remend that sce the its for (vo scales ete sme, he conversion Fc btwen th fo changer in persue ‘ewil io uniy—(8 K)is egal (Ce Ceiasscale ners abso sot Sn ca ob cla or he Fae see tre ot ne “536%, Thin tm alioed the cretion of s sco aioe topes scl ‘ome ater te Bish caine Rankine,‘ tape ute he ame a ht ot ‘he Fae scale and oa wera change dere Rankine (8) equ (@°P) Tenpeses meses on te Rankine sl a, of enue, sho be coe tothe Kevin and Cie ele Sil Unis 9 [ee —_Baagatna — om Wat oom | en own Sa Frew 9 RoI oy Reais. (0)4-916 as gw 1.1 lsat he diferocsamoas te far engere sss same 12 "he vee bet (ar aa re wich wl eh a) of ag gop 4508 79 Ell ng gra creed a eres Kein Deslop ren fr ing sneha oa sin °C xyes Sine 46 175 ied ee a ed ty ny ri rb ei. Aa el wo fist ‘Whe operate dd any deed ig, se ea i rer ner xg Epes at a sn fF sho aol be wen Bae The sane ito fine em te pee bet eee aking, 458: 10-7 Keno Ky AUSKIS sth exes 4985-10 hea, ‘Dae ir de nmbes be a ino the Te eo ake, rast lh ee omen 1) aes. Revise en, Ses hen = 4568-10-29 r-p2rag)re 148i 7 mie pe10 Chapter. Prdnnre Dimas snd Unit Conarons DERIVED UNITS Eneray egy coms ie many fom. One of tse i work, whi decd as fe etic Hed by dtace moved in the dracon ofthe os. Size fr has carr Ben e- ‘eds as ies acl, work (an dus exe) ca be defied in ingle SI ts sg] -m or Hg One sled ole, afi ye an tbr Hii ees ad st SL ut fo ny ‘alors, he ole wae dened wel fer other ans fren a boa ‘eat Te bl wth tcl hat sealy ban dicased an Engen ti the Brith irl wit (Balko commonly wed ABW ihe ant of heat fen om of er ses rae th pera ne pf il Wat by oe Frente, os a the eas dened a th antnt ede beat oe pm f wary oe Coss de Mont of the temodyrsni awd in his ook saa in ice jos | cals, Dt Ba a stl el in my instal cso sn the a) coe ‘est br a for sion, The ne cover it the canes fats Fr tse hoy uty wall tes oc somewhere Pressure (Fal he dissin wdin his ook eae ene moe eofeing 1 stats ‘han pes Reasons fer this nn ath psec of bh abate and reve ‘eile (vata with etn of he ao pon fo te lve sles, he ‘ides se of sere difeet pes unis in both he Enlil mec 5 {Gt (he late ak of segs o the St i, oie elf oencourice ‘em, As a sty wo ufos and ove Beton ese sls 10 Be ene of he ater caleges in" eaverson sais 2 demon of wie pose sles elas the beach, Mosely, i twgin at an oes each in Vii. wi te elevate rive te evel rand when the weer i “rma” These peso under these condos is al a as oon ted the “stad aspera i isthe eo point ‘ait wich mo mative sae se et, Unruly, aspheric presse aly ‘sl the sandr ong. Ices wih lean at mvs up ot downs ‘wer condos change, gue 2 shows 3 single dormer wed meat ahsole preset The wll al clus a fil wifi mae, cae of ih diy: he empty tte at th top ofthe saad eoluan s bve evcuel a5 lose vacua a. Tosi, Ths forts of fe mosphere pressing down oo te mse pol phe he [ud mercy ap int th cemeteries eight shove te po An simp pss equal he stand atop pods & Colon opi of TED malin eating to th aon of milters of mereary (com Hea osu wi (The lier of meray eal to fore samed Dot Unis 11 igre 12 Ae (ae Mma BML He 18. An cd mama ae (Cy fe opr ot Cite Chal R'm (90) Fr Mawr ne Ho Crowe, Se lB Cie Meno ee Ye.) fer he inp Teil). Ths cnet cou lo mad wing water The Hg, ti Tower ot of is god would sk he equ elu eight Inch preter the nda eu 3391 fer of water (RHO) gue 13 sows « manometer 2 die for measag eave pest, One nd of he maaonet et ofen oie amas the eer edi pol sid 20 trauma wih analy cet ree, sch 3 ace amber ce ese Sooke When his doe, he ile tees he "matted aap ren wl gir ance clin ht ten he wo sds af ho "U" fn which be meray Gorse ahr igi) hasbeen aed Tefen equal 1 a paige prenure, whch can teal fo atospbe pes o yl th bie Pres of he manfred event. Gage presen sslue press tn digit by ang "ct th unit bein ppp. The test ow capes of i athe Elyse ut oa and pi standing Tor rude inh (ble) an yin gape). nda peu mene ‘st atu eee gage aber tan stoi presare 0 he incon ‘simon Fie [sures he lett sls an lave pes sees "eS ei ir pres sth paca (Po) el coe gh As previously mst, he Bre 010000 P, hs Bon declared eee, bel teease its rnc egal to oe ced gece Atos to, nd an el dso wih as ytd mach inp on hee wage Fel f wae ‘ad puns per squint abet and gage) two Eagle ans tht to sil widely ase. Te covesn beni te fom cove It he emvesna consis sen aro sf es.42 Chapter Pn -Dinensne al Unt Coxon ‘ales spears tofu] online? jus erm aul oh e nme “ ase ese so pe aa rn ae: i, Min sue rcp ow Caste Chm Epi 8k ‘ott anal Np) oan 13 ‘Aor pods 10 ps pee nh th arte maig 848 i ig Wot ste abe poe pred te Boer) apes. on) “he ey ong oo conve th maim pes en cones th et oer hh ar pes. Sn ie boca peo mie 01siRe Lt Cos iHy Wr wHE TR eine age 9m 7 ase 09m Comeig te ge es, Ls 9 am = 0859 ieee Aig tnt ad pe presse an ss pes of LT ce top Dec Us 18 Density Dest i suey deed as awit of was died bythe volume coining it a hgh weight wits a en ndtinnsy svt fr msi calling it "Tose acon seta ums ven tt of deity. Te Slo enya? ‘Mbough gem? i ten atin the Engi stn wi wily MyM? Con” ‘erson for ae sted yh fot side cover ‘Deny fe iexsed hy thee ofthe um ec rv: Seer seen the les of the mati elag cose, vied By Hof ar les af 25C Gr yon may roember ell © 10 golem, 100 Kp. oe 624 Thy?) Thro, sai yy rere sw ues uber MUyng pe ‘Sc gravy ye deny of wer yi esta rl esi ample 14 Mf mie ary of magus ee ine Wh wae, cowie J? tile pran Mat a the deity of eof maps? The ety of eon e256 gm ‘Ths pn we me eer ey aig a wed ich cet i) of 1 raf ly. Seven ee 10 rams Ghul oT pamsef poly te ober guns arte we Te ps ped ‘ye meson die geo sms ely ey HpMetoH, este) Sia ing te gms of water byt sy (10 gem ew 89 em! of ite We lee of megrecom idee a of ewe 10 iso ny a a le of 20 The elma sy 0 ram hs ‘ily eal woe ge mer, 11 ge =m 2 voces is pomaly expel ia tems of tr weight Te Sigon of weight feteniges ar noma Casson th er bad ae vey easly eid thy jst won't sal n ese!) bn ea messed ia ems be ‘olin ty esp Ae eae we f volume sel cncenatin wis oases [nj a lope we of ela sed concent nis fe a ai, amp? Ah ean fama 0 ce meters er mito “Aon an 4 whch Sr 0% hn (li), 50% cane han 0% age The presen ihe neo D512 gs a be ema 25. ap rae eal {Tae How many am ae por me of mane octane aye 4} asaFa= 22st) uals 30 wig (15), Fou 537 R. The spit abe Ris seid ging al is io By. 2,4 pew alte Be (lnk of i of DSK Oana od oe an emi & tiping ye rar fete nd han fh srs esd Lesmlsmonlge yy Keno matie _ , MmCt, isn tesinanbes gg Keno satee oe igectnteales i Lemisamualen jo, Resetictice 5, Kemble Ba gsataelgs ain Dowty 27 DENSITY Density was eater inmoaced the gui of some mei ling a wnt olan, ‘Tat “qs” an ake frm of ber mas ramon he snd mol oes oad eaten his pea» form of inverse densi, The cons of pce iy was abo lnzedual 8 ea ofthe mas deity CP, Kg, of ‘hea malo tof rar, In many css, Bovever. th velar oc hy gen een of mati i rar tan ar peice hy is hoe! dey, the lef a, Bale ‘ksi sth seta amo Sze cep yt sou f mister swede nds on he amount of id pce (prs) eis the ple fap, for or whee is at's ee led up. Espen thi meatal Pra =~ 0) py es who ae te voi pce andy te tec deny, Th amie of we ‘pace depends nthe soa tape fhe pes of mil. Salle piles, forex pl, tet tobe asin witha ihe pee of tert dent (10 talk astra dest) fr a given mea bl 2m offer ie per les can ae ve higher les Kron th bik desty of gen male i ora in desging fis fr rae an sprtat. ample 28 ody edo ea gy of lin (map on se sande es Jutin cate on ep sion Dl da bine sad hs perro of ‘hea 530 aralie a dey 8 of he. Te oye 3 ae tof ein yay How many sc me of sae pe il enter Fess he uk ety fe in A me ih 3 6 est ey 0 ved ce = 140). Using i 5 Pea =0-00-330 Sing e ake te rine 158 em 186m Dig ‘se ms sind 5 al ety Sree ed ae sg Stom olvae MOORE, at 3.525 gd ‘on Tg lve al) Fp 23 iswofil nate tp of dest clan common mad ‘eis epee ae) sly demi. A sui suas of some sadn “igus bat a ays wate The Bt an, “wo the ih percent of sols ina watered sy cog json ald conmpnent of sie py, (ue sighside dag sis). The Hebehand ans, “pg” he ey of te say ie The Ise dala, “Vo 8" he ame prea of te sod co pnd inthe sry. Kring my woof hese vale fate ry alws te28 Chae 2 Plas Us te Us ninton of ether emo, For xan eine dwn eno Fie 23 represen 3 Shan fine es eid, pee ay = 26) conaing €25% C20. The Ine fawn tough tse two dts pois shors ht he ry conics fry pre ine ty olan, and ba 0 over eile arity of 16 amne29 ‘eon prs mae of meyer (SL pce groviy 873) ean be dy cing fay coing eh Th pars ae aoe ed ‘Dac hea Soy, Hw many eo wr of MSZ reid i mee sy thing Fig 2, cane un baw ei he ss is ty nl toh he apie pica 9° ( sis se pave) as. nate he" Ss toa va of sh 3 selene pov MSZ In he Sy. Frio dey he yo ee at is ders, ig ‘te cn te tu ae ton owe isp of pein, “3 2 «43 a 3 foe 7 “+ hor Sern ne (me Cp, Ea J pei ‘VAPOR SATURATION Ics wall town tat he oli pie of» Kui ihe eprint wih te Kid tndapoes a hse cng amin no 2 wap However at omer teers, i | | Nee Satraton 29 id sls spre by 2 pees calle evap, which goes mer slowly and dost Froid a uch eterinen, teeny anaes rake te gai pe nels ‘oii and esprson ae actly e same process; te only dieeace te tween thee she vp est ofthe gases compoxnd in exam wih te gid The bling pis tat ears which dar apr ese racks _mospicc esa he snd! Bing poi ithe temperate at hich the apr fee in equi vi the qi is opal anda atmo. A sad Desi h cao. Makers of eke mex oe lee pec nacons for ating hi product ter vation, Hecate the oli pot of wa re AS oop a he ak sa comply eid out nthe ove. wil ty ata tower empresa ne oh “be 21 stows he apr peer of wie in xian with gid HO as = funtion of trent. ieee eld satin pe, sae water Wold cv dene vn he more imo te id if he vga rsa were any higher 1 Ts be 21 mere exposed 3 raph, ith presse ely the a, the eperanes Tempo) Am i > tm be > aah Perey 123-0 a awT reat 6 tae 25m 108 soa ast toe tar io © tae 50-10 hae 4st30° Chater 2 Pini ng the Uns comping ts ais woul be ella dow poy, besas of te easton tht ‘ould at lc ot to tenure, Sine oe aes om the brig of hydcerbon feds conan ssa qty of wae apt, knowing th de poi of ch 38 isimporat in siping spp sunding sje. ample 2.10 Poe cho pe an vere ith eigen frm te am phe sine pres coin tt fern nO) and wate or Wht 1 he der pf he ef es be? ‘soem ro ey orton oy he aj Chap 5. or ups ef ane wa at wt ype fe ol Oy a to moles of #0 ty, +204 =C0 42140 ao, (Coy andes, Ung Dam ce orem ye a fe foc wie oo wel oat pl ree 0 oo OE. Te Di can ee ce it fr esi tec 8° SC Ai = felon wan te mb fae yoy ay +350, =2€0, + 380 en ‘Te ml fon wap ine sf season iD, Te dw pit te i a et rata van VC bet shal owe an at ied yh igo mane. In cr se, el te mee 0 ‘tg hig yes mat wih ol be mee cen esa ribs ike 2. am be contd or ay igs tng ace aks or ox ies, or mols mel, Since sods abo ext in ube wh 3 apr pas, = Att cars ls fuel Sache empratas Belw aswell as above the meling wis Tae 22 shows sting cat formal i ape, witha “beak” p+ ‘ecntng te mehig pit (19°C) a suaicn pres of ge td sos feta hs toling pot GMC), Sue cmpound and clemens rch satraon Frsure of on amupae before they mel ase maria become vapor by ‘nblmaton an hare ab smnpere Doig poi Examples ine earn xe (ay ee wich ines ot 198 K 78°C, and aren which lines a 16 K (wo. The vapor resis of id or sail compouds do vay each gira, ower This ier ie aie Fai, which describes te pri ese of ‘ot ior inthe nombre aa prenage ef the stration pes. Fer example, {Sf elate hamid ona waa (35°C) wo aa paral peste of wae in the nose of 080-0555 alm or OUSSS am. Twenty percent ve bamiiy ‘om cl dey (5°) wold bea 020-6110) atm, of 1.72-10°8 tn The ‘iene in pyy can Sx, substan, Asa ak process ht we se tis of se souks of oye hve t sp ack of pera and eave Potions 31 “em A me he Gao RS Al) Tp sioe ee kata fis otha sum ns ms at tase ow 109.108 Ini, sic he anor of ater wpe rset in hs air can ange sual veins. Thr wil dicted more a abate, ‘PROBLEMS 1. Mow ah pce lm Me pe spy HOC at APL ge pes lamp =I bx, wn iris cc at 208K a Tbr hep “a ae yen i Hon in apes 2 a 10 po aoe me 150 The nye cee a ld wh ng Oy i Sy Tnt20 gf Cas ea oh lene fg yw op per ve xen 2 Atk comin 1 f pat ox wi lb pre Os 38 296 ‘oi Boe drnh ite pine Som dans cope cave a ee of an ey 10 cae. Haw ng el he ak es tobe is” 4A of ap ae 1355 ll wh ely pa Ne pr fue of 1147p Theme wth ich i a ed ed sling af ‘ch Ne cng I: ven te a sist 30% the mn iret Rw mays ei ot awl i poe ain es ee ove ek? ‘Which ne of HASTELLDY® ta ger ml a of kB 2 M36 Fe (ice NO Fe, HT, 1658 Mo ce “hon tape ence ba ek Pen ye peprranra- |32 Chapter 2. Premios Using the Unis | Cae me ti he an EASY. ser ig ly A 198 Gh 1 2 oma CO) 1 een eg emi ASD om ty 8 IVTBGAL Cetin Fe "XW ly ar te pet male ct of ceo? Ua) Ws (1 C6 Cy 20m Fe HW 3 Nh, 025% Ma 0298 a8 OL (8) Inn (153 Ce TH NB 05 028 5). (o) A286 (156 Cy, 298 Ste, 28, 13% Mo, 139% Ma 0358S. 9. Home lay MA 9S seni 4 A 15 Ce OE NPY, SH Tw 25 {CNet ly A259 te 2 AL TS95 Cy 1 sa 0 We “tn A gow mite comin F186 sion sie (SN 6% sic ad 6 yin {¥{0). Mt smpestion na pee? 1 Wii pl i a ei me io fi (a pe 6 Soy 08 NO 9 0.98 20) [ope Las ee Cay 1 Bs 15% CHD 11 BO, BE TO, 78 WO, 50, 68 20, 1 2) fo Tp bs HO HS MO, 1 0, TKO, 1 NAO, 5670 ‘Cet wig pig fh eet in te wing mata (a ess ps Ghee 1) mete compan Ts. (0) Tey ie StS et ie fin of ya eet wai 18 nine te wih pra Be eens a he floing ap ati (a) Pope Gt. (Eta (80. (eee CCH (6) Tes CLS, (0 Pea OCS {8 aye csi CALC. “14 A AOC an ass ee tg, ey of yen i ge em fey 18 les pr hts pn oma To a wag pcs yg ‘Src ie date op ent a ner tas, at in cn dos ie? 15 The est of ion pt in pd ono 10°C and 1 a pes OSL (Cs th some tegen Sed y 1B on Hon ue ect ‘Coin se ele nae cont) STP nd) 10°C 70 16, Cae he aot of mara ine flog seas, a te is pesiak fa) Tr oumbert gra yo ue ne owing USS ata ese 15 pr est (28 Ky (Thermo oa el of ea ned per 9 mesa ey 13 neck The gprs lo eb en fed 7 ee tava of 2480 om (6) Te mnt Pets sie cpr ara am ly vig 10 gles ot inge The cen se 8 pans pe Potions 33 1, Any liek yo 1 a dy of 145 em. Wit ‘rate tay ein ere i th 1 oes 1 Sener shin ek a lk ey of 257 em and 3 py of 2028. ipa poen hn kh hls 29 a 1788 pty, Which oe ton math ep eet ey “1, A founty woke Ysa 8 pps DB of Rote (ain sit: 5.24) shy fr a pte cong i a etn esing pss. The ly Sh wih 105 hp (0S) Una na ae sbe evsnall oy Skrtel ir awa cn Caden 957), te [ci at ei on dey she ht of et ow ‘iy i nal tie po sb a rig tay 20, Atoersepbing i i ferme sd pay of 200 na aie me Sire ae prima a sae pre ma fans ls he ‘She os ma hy ves teem 32° adhe ly iy Sy 16898 own ae Migs of wan pr este ati te a ice emi ey Angst Ase abet a es te oe “a. The earning tines se gra prec ine ingot 8480- 108 lon many payer flea pot a th BS ley my 390 aT ce ys? {eof Cd (psalm eve 30 Kee i i=3 Fundamentals of Material Balances ‘ee eco andunel es by whieh mail ules ae mde. Tes in lost dfn of «stem nd apbene a the af ema o mas to That ten, While efron is cuter may em rae inl. he biiy to dene «problem anf Ssemine wha ante sled o 0 ab iporant feanlton ton wich sons fo uch mote abet polo wl be i SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES, 1 Cope 1 te wit ws df in tems of rong of ois—pams et. and Fin the Kap sien, bloga, net, ad “Cia ete The wor 5- tem"horever, an be dete in ems of gouging of soyhing—unis of meas ‘nen, pede fr sobag 4 poem, or sdsances in 2 mae prcesing ‘pera Tis ar type of stem wl be te on ong te mot atetn thong he emsnder of hit ok. Once hing ha al yes of ste have in cc ‘noni a thy ae eerie. The poon mo res the stem coves Wak {eto Inthe ce of ryons of sb, sprang the sustances ine 5 ‘em rhe eof the matin eevee slo mene earning he ce op ‘yas f ht ofthe iver. At el 3 ste al delle i tines simpy “i bobed porta of te uve” Th term roms is nod ann nt pst fhe nyse, i, he tof te unve Tn one dees mst abs by stg se sone pron of be x ven, t's asc fo cogs stem bunds. The for sch bows ede Tne oe spo msteria-prcsing sem open, cowl, a ted. Phys au | ‘sts and Procsses 35 barr fie talon or aber cnr ee a csed sien, oe incl of exclgig mae with He umooings. Physical ros tats prevent th Now of heath at Teri aw te cation ofa sad te ene ape of ec Charging bet ce tute wi Ke somos Syms With oor set aaginy oun, sich th pf an opened ete, fie a tna i pe and is cx abl of etching both eat ad as wi its sorowcigs Aone ine a andr, evry seal processing stem i open, hs 1 be, inn for ws op saw matin and te pct oot A th se tine, en ‘erik to do ht hey no is the t,o est cone what os in an tt how mich ed tow fat Fur 1 shows am rampe of poe rysem that s oe ding tot fe pertion. The Yor Alpes er paige nea ‘pr ar yl wich are whe line at eats eh mp lan pode tit esd Tl) ge, The Teena comes in ntact with he cena flames, whic as hove sted by psig elect caren ough tight eras cit he cool to devon, deporting pred nim on he Hi em an elesing iodine vapor to meve bac tthe wall sad ee te cyl, Tis roe cla ee ett ated sine eer ne fo fect stein ip 1th sten and is ah amet bing sa eat psig tough tte wal of eve sovaaum pre Ten a pe cin ea oun ara Me An iss pee 42 shows an example of mae pen system, in Ki In hs ves se ai deli nase neler to Bu afk wich provides at for the prowess Te liestne (any CaC0,) sf a th te a moves rand the forse, ts empress, casing to decmposeolne (CeO) a earn Goud Tae fe ine cing oot a te ther end ered and tage ete a et wth wr wap inthe for cls byeaie [CAH] Bocas36 Cger 3 Famer of Ne Bess ates nln issnet—a] — jf ots ore 1 Ake ne ig ee igre 33 A pee pea (Seen Pepe sir el to bu Bf the system Bas w boop Wile he cess i ad Ins extay reformat Be sd inet he foe io hi oy ‘se it fond tn tc of maa’ olga) cms ofthe ee tow few mye oa ew mins, wheter powcr ‘ning om cate sta in dag aod eeyting in ewcen Ti ler the elon of mtn le» proce, wich vases as ch ste prod t gu 3. sms sine shea of see pos, fl int it nos evening ow tm As ae meted, mal exes make thing ting to tol ir proces, which equ spring its coe ome rest ofthe nie. Te mil ovig imo oe of te poet sept fam the oes i uber ef sean, desig ef fog oe press ae up ifoming ot bvony, vey rots bas es ene pat an est ‘ne ptm ti bo" nto wip sean ow is ean 2 ht opr in which iy wil be a to Ges the mali he oat Svc) Tt Ho susie ales on phy om 2 poss Yel te apt ‘ougt sean oe pte estes me Fhe env, ea po ose aay eid for aut open, Pros sams al he ms of poe sels may Be bce a Imogmeous oe homgeeou A hasan ste oe wht cones ae He Se cei tga est ce of men bs, fr exp, wll veh ne peng of operand ees of ween ie ue 3 leis tke. The ie of ro faze on he ob ha sees ohn te aes (len pio, i. oe, is a os, ree ple), Silom nl Pceses 37 ah witht evn imgston, Toa cern doe, te judg of whee sen {stomps leoznots dnt he ee 0 i sd in esi ‘eel cep isa bogey ofa ad cen ing BOWS io 2 ‘ce for eeing ft sy ea eogsnous mite of cere ad gap or enn (ef anid a0 ania np "uy with ch en et ened fn 3 ces so bins fo cmt. Fe enanl, eat Al poss sae is {ch poss. Aegean ati pt in be eas, ante 8, {te lame and oso a pre Ti met ere when he inp enim se hath ean lie vg il of te ven! oes pa eet of be lcs ove. Anew bch fimo im te palin ong Wi some o- ean to wl pls sar ever gue Fp 2 sho a chanel indcton fries an exam of «seca sit option The ges arse of tf be meted so lye ll ne fh ty bach ae removal of moe ayo ees bee be fame isan cer cooley emp nde ous of mutes reeves ot vay tt the nt hen cher woes, ome acme (et pce ce eee) of mle stl nt face ay coer or period fie. The ot Hast fae deed ea i boa example of 9 semicon poss. Se et a ig ae pray eater dn cco rere fo See 1 ater sas ad oa enon fom it option ie he process is econ i sd Be continua, Fgie 3.5 sos a eng cpr, i ‘chy cntnng sl i ane Big pmol oh he ing er, td fier coe icons ting femved fom Oe ite ait ets the nk the oes ing sony he on of ote say eg ek per nt‘38 Choter3 Finda of Matt Babess ere ewe. 8) . tine ie nays opal othe sou fs in te tack fr end inthe oe ‘hw fc ea) he ee ad cmp of he sy te ak ays be ssn, Motri engner gerald thie beso doyeapsnicotinons con hs proses, since es a proces vessels Sing ws hey weeded to ‘eof itn A vel iting rind empty wating fr he nea ach a waste of mony. FLOWSHEETS The floniag ie «desi of «pres fr oblige (240,) powder fam sin soning pinay of x (250: is a to a sa hh ii mead gy cone id it raed mis fd tv adv a (0), The ce an Federer ach x ne me ith oncoming el pe” ‘olan yore OH. Mot of he ai ned ye tan, wh puss on to crfgesia, ow 95 pre sees or paling Tech ec ‘hh eh ai ae ssn Th pig ah pies ‘rf 9 Ze afr wag an eg i ode ie ad Pecap gehe uy spt NAOH owe uhh eco et re anh eighth fem he ater mise wi he so ‘be oe by hp acs The igs wi sata po as a ‘Sidley illo ec ee ‘This sounds prot complied Acs conprsvely sine. Process d= scion can bso gh ad Seti cofsing AS a rest anather means is ofc sed ods wat igpens pen process poe ows. pre Fomine 39) 56 shows te ombet or he zon pening eprtion dscibed bore Being tilt malt poes Sexerin in Moses ie hs (or viewer an in rat i, wor lo ak "Te fat ap ein he ui operations. Fx the mst prt hs ist tanh psa frie ach resco pling ech eco, and eifog e AM special tenon inthe die, Howe, the “hash” and dyer is a seal menond nd ol cal resig of process deseo takes it earth the sto be sme pee of exuiment or asi, in nd Chying te leche 20, My ei operons expecially “ine ocomminy wt nie dyer and ier, ae eed ely by he sks they peso, ving ett te wit operates, me met gre ot Wha stems go ino uf nh What nests een tough ta ons at process desertion {en ont etn al te pu ropa tens, prc if gen ea is com Inal undcosoed ote asocted wih cen pce of eu Far example th {dye in Fie 6 fa © hve some es sou wo ve he rensining wer ay from hs 20s powder what? Hs poihly bt Ba is simp ie ger shore of thin 0 has Doo Fet ot Te iva neds aon tract 60 job, Bot asin this cose imprint oe uns eno Tenn. Ase esi he ede Tf wih ek of Tsing toe inet or ut Stns bic aa be ef, ta aking ew Iga auctions oes fh as mash nero bt ae. fae {HH a (Shc tope sb es Was PH G9 Co 1.0840° Copter 3 Faden of Mat Bas Mats sos towing toh 2 gien cess se sally given ec ames ht deste ie crets, "Disco son nd “arial spe Ni ay ml deve eee cone of eeu, ba hey do eae oi Pocaat “aged. ada gpd Bosh Ts thse mes A good Awe my (a Sinpedring of he paces veel, pci thy oe ama or ee ‘daly nor, Hats ef comon ress ke dyer ae ra in-e™ ‘sto een single ces ih oe in ig 36 cu lp th informed Sr ut mn aly wht igen costed of poe Ve ‘ee ike th material et of ch ey ult apr ey ih be (b) Proper of te pret sams parca forthe ky compos. “Prop te" may ne chenille, ees pr ach en tie fee he ‘mn or smn in, esa lenge dns or sone ‘al pope sora in ting ae the oes oe enor mc ifrmton kot te ples ems itn gute 36 ee be use tse ropes (1) aaa, 2) va to rh wh ime (3) ther being Kept ct fa ply aaa fowsbect. (How moc nr mune giee ca Hovael fin depends on ripen) The ey sd Seth import infra abt a ross eam, win ising 0 mach Felon crf oe ies he a (6) Pe appinaiapt doug an fran entering 0 ing at speralin. Agi, ee tebe te eae wndestnd Wha ing (@ Operaing charac ofthe wit operons Anat epee se ty taming? What pre? How ft 8 sing Haein leach acts tun How fl ey lee Ag, hee nat vera he eae bat tp provide enh infiion so at am waking ofthe proses an He rahe “Te amt ifr ito owt oly eld te cong sy ofthe cet eig Serie. ge 37, for ena, shots Rot oe odusia of mate side mite} fom nickel oes inno. ovo te ‘on eng rom a ths owt ie ay erin oe soem pope et fen thy coun, Oa te ae hand, vss sooeins show Fe pss ‘esl, ed nly conn moe informa, Fe 34 show he wie or = pepe me th etn pes, wih Mo a hel aa or st fe syeane an soe acter epee 8 wel, Te ait day dete Do Stes sch a these em mk th sing of complied mass acm bl ble ah ero som, Pants Ma hl ba anal Lae Spar.42 Chater 3c of Ml Habs = a ae mine, bos ame ss Sat] ab Ree oh Ee LS Se ee seb oe [Roe Topo pots ah mai pin of sie Same ‘Me Md wet 1 HPD Conga Fh, TnSADUE Wale Pp 14) ‘THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS Lets to a db ak tiga, fcsng th "sh east” at eco of he Piste, eu ros stems ener ithe cae fl char andthe steam Il "SO, TW stan leave the lag sn proces gas. An sali of ech stem is ges; rember caren fem Chap 2 which assumes th the Sl i ‘il seas (eee, a, cha, and) ae ayo by weit act and te ses (0, poss ga by vlume pent. In same aes Usted anaes ae oaly a he ‘hen compound athe steam (ale, poss) eters mitre of eo ond and elemental aaj ar given (a, sla). Tn cir case, ie aad oe ‘rats or comprods inh sams are dsigned a its conpones. Th wl be te dicsin abut dente of components a ‘he amota of given compra inthe sem canbe neal two Ways: (@) ea be ing tothe se, nor of te four pu sens, For example, al ‘ing AB mei ome pe ay of ean hy» weight Faction of 7255 ys 88.72 ete tees pr day of ie eid apa oo eto. (0 canbe gerd by chicas, Lit if xy CO or CD i a to ‘he econ ay fe for nat seams bth eon fet te cat ‘ith Some of the compounds inthe can eu thereon of has 0 Components of th poses | | ‘The Law of Consnton of Mist 43 Sinise et of component in syste cn fe decreased wo was (0) ean be urine sag o oes at the CO a COs @ eanbe desoyedin te chelation proces. Most othe rn ox iat tothe eto dst ae Z20; ects wi car ned pods ne ‘par an CO, CO, oH. Lest, cpa in ome systems my win wp acumaing I cess ves sek parce buch actos For exam anim metals mae by ecting te hd wih nei me “Tick +2 Me T42 Mec, a As the rston pct, anim cms ia the reser wed forte poe. ‘Whe te eat ir ml fl, pened op sod te igre dun sponge rere which maybe wens set of “zeae acaumulsion” A poses in which o scanultion of eogones wate syste ocr is called edhe ly ‘continous roses era ons bs. ‘hel ofconsrton of mss singly ses thi he mas of any compen sd we ste asthe tsa fo ether by pen om asa a the system, tr ter wel, (snp) + rs end) (oss op) + (as desroyed) + (mass xcumustes) (32) foranycomponel In acoaaoas proces, accunuon is a oo 2 the ‘reson cn fe writen n# says as ins ng as gone opt, ma dxtyed imssioge mas gnested_ netomat mar detyed 5) ch sod seo process on oer a ge sabe fee a also sec. to. (23) ih he" daw” beng Wek ron ern be mie hou sed cous cess. gue 39 she nimple itso fhe of conservation of mas. tn his cas, thu operon i mage pai, sie pare magnet 04) frm sea (105) Thefowndo sos oe put seam. bed “rt comais SOF Fe a SO Sc, aad as a taal mas Bw of en mei tome pe: ou, of {O20 Agi Two ouput suns emege—a concn coising of pst ago. tn tinge comsting of 85% se, 18% magnate. Snes iformsion sien io ‘ens of tes pw ine, th proses show cis en: ad since 0 informatio is arable ooering acum, is ssuned hat hei oe ‘Ui e infomaton provid how he re, we cen ace the apts 1 the sem of he wo congenents magne oi44 Chapter 3 Fmt of Matr Bances warts "Gone soe | Se, ‘ot BS, EO ogy HEIR _ ay He mene fo ee ie 20 gg tll gy Min gow Fee 39 Sg pte cae sty mi on 100 ‘00 ‘Shes the mage or sega ia any cel ects wii he ten th of geaton ane dessin 2 AS ae sii inpt _ be sin ctr “ ~ oo emagneti laut _ he magnetite pat 85) cy ca ® Not ac eis oly om place fr he sin wo go tangs: ‘The the moet fra ine tiling pl ean! out inh be 50 ss et Sie gs const B56 sa, eas fw figs er tore ae be alae sie ait ei a Haas ss, ig tings The maptiei dl toe to opt steass, Be concerts an eae. avn jos ose he as ow a gs, we an ay Seti a ech 0, levi the System nis cea plas, AEmageie_ gg maze in lings sa iptalags & ‘The es of be mage bas wip ia he ose: so Niet Ng noms “The Law of Cnsnten of Mase 48 Since the cos nas nti cher us magni, he amon fence Jeng the pra own as wel, “hr ra may of Sleigh ek, Sie ew of consertn of nus appl oe of he coment std fe ms of eh ea i ching ethan hea of be ase of ech component, oU0W Bat Eas (€2) and (23) spy mtd mst wll nd oapones. his. than ie om fe mts ow sper our ef the consent nd tings eng ie Iga spr in Fig 39 sl eau ha of oe aly sea ening be ‘rent ela sang the S82 Abr of ange and te 4108 ke of ‘Sons des 9 wp 100 if ere eeag he ces. "This can te wen a For ay som coming company, 8+ ‘mass blacer cn erin of wc re rend of each he Te = (sed by be msg ep eota to compet, mse sol ad ths as lates te eh fr magnet, se, antl mas. The a mas tl secs however sependnt of tics sl magnetic Races: me ves {deb check ou rls. The hice cond ve ee mae the magni aoe penned y dry asain te fw eof concent es: he sro gg Ey emenn te ie “Tse tla cond hen hae tse do dxke-ck au eas, Degrees of Freedom ‘ok lnk gue 10,» gop stat of he robe hat was js sid ‘The coins ine fg repre the ee sans (9) Be sem eo, cn ent, and tains. Te tice ows pee wo inked crn (0 ‘nt nds anf te one Geen ug, tl mist Remeber ‘ibs or pate ve ben male ie deed compre ea) The tert of nh compl = each ssn set BY eles pen ees ‘sun ident voles (0 aye hick oes cn e vated. ‘Asc esc, the fia fr eating Vis ge: S| on | cette tes © I wa [ep « wooo | ele jd i ve | 8 emt en mas46 Chapter Sardar of Mal Babess vase 86 (Remeber hat Cis th aur of indeed component.) The hee fed cies tsps dependent sean ables. ‘Along wth se dependent seam vals, te itm fees seer re tito (9). Te ae oe pes of reste. The tia component Bence, the tuber of whih se alway al oC. Tah ca thet component lanes ae fer ta sod mage, bot a sompnent balsas cold ao hae brea mae feet hss (Resictos etm be applod t eifer deendnt or inpendt seam ‘oils The Sean ype of ston i spied seam variable (oko as esis n gue 30h ox sowing te cele erent the Wal mao re ‘ha he ne pid sem varie in corm, te one me ate of te (er Bor tte magne ep "he td ype of tion i biryani. Thee se seve Kinds of sary releshpsomie aon capoued ns ese em, compo ‘ne ina pata steam or aden component pees se cu, [a Figs 39 dhe sbi op ave ben lade preg of mg ‘nit in tor const andthe alngs The pretge of sc ace ce ‘ams dona cot subir lata, se ty are wot inependea hey ane call spy by sabting te pcenage of magni in ech sen ‘ho 1) Aig te amb of ech pe of scion a ou stem lin a ta of i, The umber f dere fred F) nse is al oth uae nde stam vail mins fe mabe of resttioes: FaV-R=C-8 on rte str, bth Vand Bare elo 8 meng that Ps el toa. Azo vale of F imps cory spectid stem n which ne ung ate ct ‘cal fr he smut (Bow Fe) of exch component neck seam. If Ps snes thn zero in ven yi, si wo be undenpeced, eating dato ‘cough infra alow fea slain, An veel ptm may have several “ere” Yale foreach team variable On the ober hand sins ton mach inraton ca he sen for «sem, esulig in ne restos th es ar inked stam varies. Sich» som in orci, ad wl id rom of comm fo ery ata same 31 Aa od mr ig sepa of gp ce 0 me whe pasion of Dip 37 (19 Ce, 1256 Mo FPN ane Fe). Theale op Ser ps 30 (17%, 7 i 10298 Cy, 27 AN 385 (16,38 Mo {CNL A125 Cr 2% Nad JO (178 Cr. Dart mace ave eh ‘oman view mach of ech rae we? en 2 pst ale a i ee tn hen da a Mow, sy gue The el pcr ete bing amis Wk Be The Law of Conant of Mase 87 ane ose gate oan nes ~ aoania = HE te] th teal eo 8 tase 03 se ste (ifort np of up ing A sing ara be Type 317 Fic) ve these he fae gy wi eng ees Sas ‘qe ton ie tsa l,l (33) ee Mating x pens seam (Ths 30, S18, #0, ad AM SS) by ur sms Cy Me ile Loking ea, ar oe pend bce opis eee tment Tae posses of oni, mu om so lew ana een he ces of fous mt ore at aneingteepones by eam es 16 sian, "tsonti Taal op le 2 sits That ing mV se Fl hse, isa gia, stag me te at wd ep. Ia eal of ‘in en cea hal 652g 317 ane x tobe pe” ae hecho he mice mat nnn ID sg” he ch rovers ana cop: ems ice wal se In rc "es een ois vey enna > ‘hc and hive cmb fp pt ree inte ea epee ho ‘he inc neni oac we gh ‘Solving Multiple-Component Balances Lets lak ante kos lay manic, bo is plaing mae a 1000 eum heat of snpid reson of 1-9 DL snes (94M Ci 8.5% Fe, 159 Mo, 908 Ny 2 W), Therap yal hs aged de hs owt on sloy>48 Cogs 3 bm of Mata Base (16 cy, 0 Fe, 10% Mo, $9.08 B40 W), 304 stinks (185% Cr, 20% Fe 93 Ny AUS stile (1258 Ch, RSS Fe, 20% Ni, and "Grek Asooy” (ROME Cy, BAO Fe, 20% Ni, 308 W). The’ ali se lowest femeto Sr vale oi rong TOR Cé a 30% Fe. The mamas wool he {now mich exh ml oot te aac, suming tt eying pt no ‘he face wns up intl, in pi, sore wil exe a oe 2 ‘nyo addtis ef one element he eis) “Te et sep in coming pith naive Bs aed ben dese eas ‘ng Seen soy ina ows. Tis Soviet shown as Figue 3.12: i ‘hows fe npr sea (e Hae C, 34a 14 sins, Grek Acland {Ese tng te ing forse an ene spt seam (oe 19 DL) Jag Te foes lv fara is zw aboot he es—the com> poston oh ve sea edhe amet 19 Be me | YF oe | - Hg Be i gee 12 et emt 8 DL ies “The ncn is ag vale am fr th aman of ean re soviet eat ot Known, This was done pes, beanie Was Tie thn one akon tay ut ow ze ae Evo amounts 0 te ent ‘ys Va nes son le gen sing penis ran af con- ens inthe sa, hy wee ent kaon o els be epee a & Fanti of eter aia, (Fe ene. Be ancot of tng inthe Grek AS cay ie 003 GA) Ketek cn obs pred o 0 fur ye i come pc. So, theresa nes ea and fe sponte (Ce Mo, Ws V= 30. Tae tn feted ope lscs,l urine lent ere in tcf tet soe Remember tht he ih percents i indent) Tht ‘ke 24 day enstp tow ne nae canbe able sae te 10 hg 1199 Dla bemmscted inte mace. The wef msicons meas a he ‘emia fac comaly eledaing i Woy fr sing te podem, ‘he Lavo Consnation of Mise 49 “The spin 2 lon ste Sane as that wed for he mage eat. I ete wit ting wpe compooet ace etme The Bit i for ke 059 HC-+-000 GA + 42 540085 83-000 FC= 009-100 oN G8) Sint eguons ae wien fr tee for ements: (5 H+ 083 G4 OSS 54 +072 534.030 FC= O48 1000 asi a) 016 HC +012 GA 0128 5+ 5 83+030 FC = 018 1000 Boise G10) (016 HC +000 G4 +000 $4000 534-000 FC = BOIS: 118 =1igMo Gm 0 HC 4-008 Gt 000 +000 83-000 FC= OMe 100 =oeW BR “This males Sie equi, ve wows, wich conde a ety sera xed in tai ales Ba te pb an he made eas by yn od pais ‘ih over elanva. For stmpl te wea te (3.1) hs aly oe ton 20 utr, HC: Si. 8875 Hasty C ‘he sey lee lv of HC ca be poe nog 12) w ave or Be tof Grek Asn ete 20006-9575 p= OOEIET 567g ek soy ‘hs lows he een of By... (89), and 10 in tes of he quis, ce nk (001 $+ 009558 +000 FC 80059-9825 -ON2-SH16T=2385 G.I) 012556 +018853 +070 FC= 10016-9875 -012-SHLST = 0 G.18) 5554-07254 +H RC =6SS—O45- 9828 —043-54L57 = 23078 (319) Saving trey ic mati for 5, nd FC ys 4893 bg of 204 ss, 1 of 410 snes, and B66 ko faochonis aed wi he cha, ‘Alig ese ve pub amounts (93.73, 4.67, 249, 3610, and 8640) es in Tao gms charg teri he ne Kind dutch uso he50° Chater Redes of Matera Babes rage eae Seve cmmeria sofa packages are vale er efoing ths ye of ans indi pact, and mst sede pelapes ca sve fs vet Who svg pole ik ts By ha, weve ty tehngpe 9 re ‘embers equations wih fw unknowns a pos, ose em ist ‘There wl te etme pace wh hi in he nex cape PROBLEMS, eae he fling pce destin owes a) Cot pon itd vi ma nie (yO) ton me te mie Je comce andrea TG hur ser a ele ist The tn rene prods of emai Senn Sl, (Sian ne he AD gw yur oma ae 8) ‘Sel om Sy ye thn eed ces, vhs i eran Toe by ccd ln by hye it An wer wah he det tee int aso ai ley pow he ed wk You "Eye we chil oe a ine pode Tacs, wich sped o (Mr sy gn peroneal wd seo face ow ay sie es sl hn 5m se or pe ‘tise owe Meeps py pres hei) cumin he dered Thiel sus Lies pty seg vi i vac mal ne Co {iat igs damp. The ss Come ope ja om 4 eae J isu cna na ess seer ga med i gt Une ich dor ny oor ein and frig gud epi oad en theres sufi The aig de pot leer igs Cg om se we med wih owe ‘Show jg and ode pier i Hes om ese Je fn ean "igh ome al rio ji ing, ch ‘ee sr ome fom ir peste eh shige ‘ol ih he mone ed a eal pein eo etn a cutie te ae (ey pcs ft ean of inn ot 2.0 os te of a ‘igre ne ea. (Te ies lets al pes {ate Fy 240 and FO) Te el wi OD ner oa dt (eed eer pve th ie ie a et "CRB ce, wee ‘Sh sl ont sot ih ctl eo ce DR pc Sing ety aii ing eee ape ‘Stee mind cae dni war ge nd same does ps The DR ‘Sale see seu y wend rh el ag Sia et tet ol reg st 1,0 ne per er a eo tg 1958 R025 Za, and 19% Ph Tear dens een "ny he rn tk eat a en arc a het ‘Mtg Te wo ete et ecg fone eat sr et pws ab a te nk Prone 51 2 uh pos at psle) Wie the gt con, ne and end ie st ‘ie CO, an HO. png Za ad PO hs ce om ein ‘te ee haul uss of a wee ened cle) ng {de oda of 200 sper er 8 amyng 26 25% a ‘96 Pn ely pose a. Se oe ede chy | eine SO top 3% CO, an 0 Hed the ea ee ‘eta be burt ha peace hve le. (@ fatane Goma sake exe pcs so eth proceed he eyo ‘Goleta nl ci The fe a au vol) cts 19162 ps fer is of died nr comune ena of ed Ze Cae grams ere a fly the nes Oy td 20 ‘Te af 8 let apa poe cme he ed "rua eo ie epee al HNO. Te ‘nse ee ace fre sl wise 180, al tas {ht se prof a nT tn en cnc ence "eis i tc ei Seta gas TBP dae noone Te gan nc dh a sn on te aly "enter wi 448 Na alsa, ch ely ems a he ao inn ni: he ent” etch nse he a, ‘eprint wil wa Wh x ree. The wed ogame wd exnce oA merle ana ee eel watere ep f ‘cc tr ecrig esi cn. Hyde a en aed ot ‘atin amie pein tc nee (200, Te aya Sin ce te, hoon tri eri! wi aa ‘qua. The 20 ten eda yee he eet te om i ca rin ps eel ak nt hein lita ‘he uo eget pasos om be sd Son sep ae dase a Sori war ns met ami yo (NOH as he Iain, peng sn ae (20H) ig ering ey yi ‘eat alain singled aon ie (Cy, th a be fer eo go ego. he ena 2¢0y he Sed sane dic ter api se (0) fr (0 Me ed of tae re or dyin aly ce tin ame ap, fo hi th tlm hl! be ener Mapa al ‘ng fan he codimension rs ds ns cste.Te ‘Sig fom he mae onsaring pres akc wih ks saa ‘eee stun» Gon tay are! han dle can te pe ipa ef haji "oe st” NSO, -N 80,0. Tak ‘wed ot an we ih eye ae eae” ees est ‘ein sessing a ad yf spam oe NE) ‘hich ne ossod to male Ni eal al ths moe mage). Te Was san fm te el spon ep hel aca wih el open pee (050, sa sen He to ecient col a.52 Chapke 3. Ream of Mtr Bares soci cmiing it febrile los Fort he at ban cove te se. {uae ase ok he acai ow ch, ch ss a es fr sam faut soni lo, ch ll aly be tne in soe wie (Sona) Mig | (a) Deere ow ype sea a cig ei he et, (8 Niger emgoensin e jem ae PL Gr in GML ao (9H) J a a. Sc ‘ene "3 Ae (ire ot il) oie om te vonme of pendoy sp cm thi 5 ek 95% ci, st 75 seg wh van oer eee Ii fl wt comple woes pose cc, Ach seeps: + aed Im cen csi 579 Niu 127% Ce aceon le eee wi TDN and 1 Cr ae de mete jig 1% Mand SO Ce Tei sap tin lie bw mck ae es i ie er ed ‘ge of mae? aay pe rods lle pe ly xing 77,208 M4, tat © Te ashe ae fe pt as een ome mp th on a te ras soca PZ Pa Sa Wha eam poss Aes ae la Petts 53 erage he age te ming mice dt em wp of eed es Spt Ase the evehing ee age eu: cones ff pes of el ‘Sys a be none feet ne ae el herpes 10. “ype 3 (1 1 Mb Fh ie se Spee (Ce ASN TL Ce END pe a US Ce (2) Wha preg fac op ps go io he us? (8) The ype 90 sup enn 0168 ton al Type 16 pay Thelin 1212) Wa een Tp 37 ae ee ores pt i tc Boe sin allwale O85 C? ‘Asin apa eo 0 oe pra oie The pe VWs Cee Ra 15 talc Fel bc spt ph mr sy {atheih Cres gd oon debut site ee ey Th lag sates ea ‘ie ep (seal jue FE: SI oo rare Gr S218 Nie bgt: 58200 Pe ss, ec (SC $007 f comin Cr $05 fam: becom 23 fore: $048 of omit ee ae pe) ssi ot sg neta, hl 5% 8 econ, hw mh cn wl ‘pest cat? “Te pos fr lag lad mabe cs ei ih in cued addon oly syd span wh eres te hat abo ing mas fom he ant bent ang. Te ae hows he ao "epson ewe ned arte many Werle Innis, ing et ept te em, (2) Drm foot fo eon, 1B) Winget mi ae cleo my abe mee af wate ct We po ino te ej a (e) Names ope ths jon ha ray syed dug he oes aa ‘ite te mr er har fi compte 4G ems ri te pce ha wp eh of he pete, (6) Ane conga at dt tt i ps gh ees, ‘heir to cease eu AS nel hot a fee nepotet ‘hl eal ile rir al acl ee he ee eis 4S of et nh te cmp hs owe wou fe Se eompanensSA Chater 3 Rarhuenn of Mata Bales =4 er our ‘ols aed Bae tors “We Ray Mee CO eee ee tig mam amy meta jos ns Sm mean foin,s is Sm “amar hoe ue fn ab Revs Su tm IB tm mbm os on hm mantra Pols om ome ath oe a a oe a Chee tas ama) eee eh FE a a Lao GEE Mw “Auman eng ma 0 ni ly, Te a fo (ms of tom Te eo of sy 16 (0395 Mi 45 Mp wih mas (Pair atte mae ne hy Sin oe sie) (ei eel cmpstin fn dine (0) Ste cms oc yee te ol poe lh hopin ay $e See i ol Fiction mato eunae 2m 8 oe nT ‘ihr ao hs queen ones mae ono et ‘et fi ee ning ees), it ti ‘oemap at UB cue ce omer! Nonreactive Material Balances Real mati processing stems fetes omch rer vary of inp aed ops ‘hen he snp examples iste in Chg 3. Aa eshte bit the mit ‘oes lodaced i Capers tan? Is ingratpr of aed mei Tadao Red rl posing ao wy kas be bes of wa operas, her dn angle “ad box” Bec of hs, he fod dee je ih he mbt cana bande sao npn. The we of es sil ing rl lances fc mow compen wood ces ee ft of hs ap, ‘CONSISTENCY WITH UNITS ‘The meri lances zs in Caper’ hn things in common. Fy. hey ‘st nnmcte sae n wich he composts eon ou ae these tae ‘ming in. Sv, ll i mise ows ave ofr een med ame te (o- ‘gas, 0 be specie). were cit amas sway ely. Lok pin at fue AR de nse Dash ace The old a gud seam Dos cle, Bos, ee, flog) mead ines of mise nie ones) per uy. Hower, om 25) se mesued ial per hu, nd he yg ina sven inh pe ‘of wit (This rte Bog and ed as Ii oye, eh ype, ‘hen fd oe ene) Obviously «ms lune oa his ear Walt be pose ‘al eveything comes nan eves in he se uns “Tp dasa, ks fost on part of he pos for mang scan power sown in gue 6. Fire 41 eres ps ows or the dra he od the ce in wich ht ice i wet ci powder. "Te bs apr 5656 Chater 4 Nonrrne Mael Bases las the wat cong down Sos 40. The wire ata water apr then Tevet tape po te er an dee 20, eit fap Dae. Pre 1 pois sone ifrmain aot te atrial fow ras i the proces prong ts binge wl poi te nfs eed wo compte te Sows, tps (HH) Oen5(08) rag, Ose sug Sie shane Dyakio——rypwa 2 am ge se ttt ore tao Eireann pnt “To ake ae st ble canbe doe fr hs system, depressed nail ema, ut a9 Chg 3. Tas ystems os sams (vet pwd, {hy pow sa of 20) an ow crpon orp ope, coi, od ‘rt; ming Sand Cres al of 16 npn seca vrs. tne pe compen: bere fer he oye, noe, wae. an mia poi he fw resins, To nependeat am vets spite tl mss fer of wet pom adhe ow rt ody ale, (NU thatthe pes and ere te nec ne wt vole to comply speci tis varie) That Teves pte depres flo st wane asia esis. Te ck ‘anyones geo at in the dy power means tht ii prensa his Steam aa ea ot, he prongs of cola te ofa. The pce fet of orezn and itge ne We ocr rao eg zo, andthe eset sof ie tr zsone tot th, ce ony eo ofthe tw is inependen) ‘2 hd sabi rion ee team, Ta makes ata sve, ering, thee more to fund oder t comply speci th sem. The substance hrm 2 actly 8 pty complex mnie of sy mae wp of ype a ion, bu as cons soe gn long ih {er emmont often die, water pr nem yo, rein, BEE, EOS, {nd vrs misspcsais ch a cs of ast and winlown ser ees Hower in not ees, he scucy of ms ce cleo: iain al lamataly eve by ining otf ese i constarns. At el he con Seno eer hal wo) is fen Sod hat "iyi cosss sey of 79% a cons wth Us 57 rogen al 215 orygz, sich by ano sovenon is sumed tf he ime (nd hs me pects of hese aes. Ia ie more acy i eed scone tno cn be alee 76 nog, 24% oxygen, and 1 aoe; even more eeuney ised the enpctne an percent elie buy cn be api odie the etn of wav "tos oc this example (nd fo ees ke pe ied tei) the snp coeeton ody il bese. This being the ese te entage of von a war in th dry a shea Steg o20, ad hep eaage fede oyace zgen Ss he st of he sbi relcshps need fe comple spect he tm and allow he detersimton af complete mati tate hing he oma rues cling (2) the moat of dy scons powder rode prot a (he eampstion an Sow rape Boro theo 35 foe mosphere and 0 K ener As was shows ln Chapter 3's alvays ese Took fora oneeqaion e-ninown bane fst Thee ical one inp steam ih any rein al ely ee ouput see, 5: wetponder joe Bez, ngs KEwetPomder gg TED: _ get power phe dyponder 1820 te Tg powder Sohing, DZ ens 1000 ge of ry powders ang How de sample oes always ve ane i oml aabe) ‘Svng pit (wile toh Decne he ow rats of Os Nad HO et sll sien in the sane wit. Allng hlogans per ou of wae neue mers pet Into a doe ont yell qty fof (bong dens fen yt one yay). Obi be acess toca se Nw as the ne Sie—fut which one? One pice ft cone he oye Pow ras in the ot St ‘Hogans per ou, st Is converting th gi water in he wet powder 1 cbc snes fr hoa of wate apr at 1200 K a 12 atm. However. the best appach, 3. ‘rl tesme moe tne i he nea ey, i Whee dou comer al sa Cnn tml Tere ste eer eon or i ca (a) Comesing 12 wok requis only one cometson for any ven seam compere. The eas av canbe ase dec ee maa ow aes of oxygen a pn, a8 dig he mater mat by moe wise di relly ener i put rato mls per hour as well. Canin volumes to ‘mas rie vera) Would ee two comes, abt hu tice the erp sig make aise (0) Mohr quis ae inked of tempore and pes gas voles seco The umber of cae mses er br ofp expen a 1200 Kan 2 isthe sane ste amber ut 240 Kan atm. A he a ats[58 Chop 4 Naeacve Motil Bass oul, of couse, be comer to nd obs ters pr it ie, Bt gas ‘hws fin do xc lure sytem wer and ends, 0 comeing tack o rerun ron woul evenly be ei, sya. (@ Chemical extn invive mols of eng sibs, and emia compound Feels se tone rat of on ent ae, pot mas volume rs. CConetng een fo sus aks matrices ia ec tes uch (a Alugh it wil bea whl oe hs brome iia, themedynamie OP ‘ie etal in mlrspeie sous. Converting steam ins mela ‘dues males them er oe Following thi apc te net stp i © cone the int amounts o 0, (sandy a0 gst 41 mar ams. For wae, Ho Lmel Hh leo irs EME gs THO ggg &. TOUT. oye we Sewer TM iy noeT;o ae For xe ig ie wl si 5 2% te OT 0 aan HO Se mols mols 0, a ono ee ie 1m90 K-43 ie esfming te sme cltn fo nzogen produ 19158 gol of Ny per ho ‘ut ese ese ny of pting tpn Te convene fre compsiton ay ai proves aot wor i Frogen to exgen 9/2), ad since is he ‘Sine lasing i tag N hs he sae pes an pes tO. Why ‘te jo ae i war eo? snot, 19 mols Ny aol Ny eT, ~ we soos Sine teres ti li fr it gol he ong, sop. an wae apa [Dil up in teas, wich ext off 9796 mes of 0, SDL. mks of Os, find 12154 moles of Np boa es. Sse one mole ofeach component othe tia opis the sane aout of pcs te vlume fons equal te mer of ‘les o te pra compeoct. rid by he mtr a mls of oF pet owe 5736 MeL Meson Th SHI IH Chosig A Bass 59 Similar ealeisons or O; aed Ny denise lume factons of 0150 and 0563, respecte, Ading th eld vobme fans wget ves ao of LOD, ein the alton. Kooning he ol mmr of mes of go generac bythe Sher pr hou (3401.6 alan wis tenpertie sod ress, we he ee Ta site vole ols OGL a sone’ Lio gag BEE sok te 1000 mote gmat woo nomole tee Faun ‘am, or CHOOSING A BASIS. As poe ot previ, s common ay 9 9 ges of eam i 2 tem ‘ge tbe sont of te or oe ste vals Te alloy frac in Pe 12 tne HOO Hy of 199 Ess st 1765 ge of et powder wa apa we Aine inFigue 41. Speed steam vas Ue ese ae own a as, reece nmcontof en steam or component These of tbe seas (ch tthe mas pr bour of ins powde) xa ta be eaculedwih reese 1 Tes noma in stuns ple for one or moe bases ob proved tthe einer yng o compe flows Te amount of we powder fl tthe dye Fre 4, for exanpl, sty the profit capac of pein pce ese inh rvonia manuacrng cit. However, occasion he ng ming am {Cl lance ast ate he Bt fo sth a eli The eas ye tat ane wa in nen place. Far exam te allo mace in he pein chap ‘Crean be ww make ues of sl se oer han 100; baw he fra tins of he cage os compro he dct ip alloys would ke che ‘aus fc dient prodicton emcees ne ase Sexo, evea a basis Povido may pov onsen, wl ae en ach are Sle he as alos forte dy in Fie. fe ponied bass ad tee th amount offs old ps hor rith han thf of wet powder: Fetus een of te ‘scan make sing mera eet bees teas. mph At “A gas cnn 3. hae Cl, 13% ean Beside (WF od thee ‘kn pp 5 od isa Whe i of “hsm an eae a wy, The it i ae as ict canning wf eas 0.073 sen Recie d 096 poo, King te von f exh pr, gw em es, we ‘tee el int eee mb sf eh60 Cop $e Mae Bes os (Ym eT ianmtt, a6 22 a [aos mse, The mas tr pcan ena wi he ‘miele TE oso mais Wr ZUSE 909 mi 2 1286s mig mort = 616203506 “Th ay on oa 0336 gh nee is nt ed by Wigs hase 10 prams of his ger w A mote Cll 13 mee of Wand 96 ets aH, emer hari ar al le ft eevee Econ) Mipin ye maior ‘revit slang ean n amass gr 100 mas of E207 grams e022 Te, tng ea om wi T= 298 KP am, c= 100 gaa et (ale he ee eye an es eg ne eos 0005 296 Le OO EE a eatenase? ig 082 eof by 245 ci met pes te sme gs ay of 0396 git ety th MULTIPLE-UNIT MASS BALANCES. ‘The moi tls ale ofa ae fen ined w sng nit process meng fama, 4 diet Mow el ind processes hive moe fs ea soins Iamy mre ip 42 sas wet fer «pee one conceig fa The pps of te coceting pi separ Be ces component thera mr fo in a the top, nhs components Aan Bf he evant Components C dD Concenting pat ae ued for 2 vty ofa inl, [BC and D coud te minal a oof arses ions ina pode mat Tin ifs speciegvity meals anid garage. The poss ess ‘sl tpt he oezntating ss came in git 4 ras, ncading (among thes) fr foto lls gnc spars water andairosed csi Sakig tes, teeny oes, nf of ter devs ‘incenaag poeses asl pode to Pes ream cnet a Iasing hiporpenztige of wher composes x deste fm tbe aw naa ln fons cng higher cones of he uments conponens. Socetine pant Ms Blines 61 | iW isp ate sane [oem | one ma er tet rae ‘here i sls igs fon if tre moe tan oe dsr compnent i ad sem) Both te concn sath lings an be ft aces wake sue {ch of the Bo eens ie ened pl na sooentd for 2 posal To fen oes ten ning bak od rth in gue 42 state the Ar ol concn Naat can somes get very ops, ag Ian lnce celts eificah o wel. The Howse st i igre 42 an te alynd wus ot ex waging on Howe 43 shows Rgue 42 ith sjstem tomdares dwn fora overall atece One process stam (ie fl) enters is Sys, oe—te semper clener omer (00, scene ckaner tings (FT), and caer ieere (Ao —teave ie (Te eas for pods a second concent hat eopeat B is Sala 5 well as A and ting the mos ecnsc eum otf age ete is aways precited) Te eoston: ote fed seem and seers AC and BC fe iven sce hy ace ths oe fet nee oe pa opera. ao Lows har 0 of the feo te pla is ecoveed it AC td TO of he inp Bs ee eedia BC, esr te mara cngston of rae FL Aste ein srs with sk of mer of eg of nn, 2 secon sell AS le we €8 een soars a Sips pes 6 Te ile fu snc as med he ng ets pl eho Of AC an BC. Tas lo 1 estos,PE Ey Rimes _/ sot nea see Wi he yl cero AB sed aoe 29 {toe sti wold pole Saws hy oe me eatin eel I ante yi sping ao IODA ate. The alata en wll eae no ie no Fp utes logs fd ‘ing de eed ey, mes eof As B canbe ted WEA gp Rte ggg Ameer 008 ipl ieee Aiea _ gy WAC a os BA 3 Sit, ols ce ow hs ny ae known FF Sig, seer imaged Compt a BoD wel ae pds i sae ret. Th oo oe cso yi eso AB Con D i be eae ee gs = 0479-938 88 Mp Unt Mas ces 63 hh vided by ta mas, pe pare of AR A, 16 B, $708 Ca igi 4 shows et ante vein of he conenrsba pla. Coser a ys- tom deel sand the saengr clear. Becase the mss an conpoion of FT have jut teen deem, ehing forte mas compan of saenge tines Stan STi mow ey. th eet prove tat comes 9521 Ks pe 100 of fed, with an nly of D536 A, 1255 B, AUDI Cand 46.01% D. Anotie ‘ye hs Bsn conse aod te clear ves. Keoing te mass of AC pee te il psec males olan for his uni 8 well. Hower, a his ase, 1s may nt be on fees Sta g ste] eee) | aes, me aorsch, | iguce 44 Ut een bose or Bh L__temee ‘ce oa sign i Srnec ck ample 48 ‘Soe RC cna nda CT 49 A. Cin ple deri of ‘howto non Beobe? iy, he we is wl apes te yx Ung tes ris te he mass perhaps ed in eam AC wd CT Re cr=AC =the 2) (sacar =0914c= 450g wo64 Chapter None Ma Baloaes Shing Cg fe of pean aC 284 ght fan gs Uno etn a gn fate i era ‘Stor ie ong Bander Cr Di th RCC ad ny tee {lm spotin, Or ne dpe: em wil hive eat ow eatin oa i of ot rome [A REVIEW OF PROCEDURES ‘This examples inthis chaper have provid a nedution w se fe cmt in folved ining ner see Sie hey sa be wed psy oooa te to of hs ook ey ae Wor surmariing (a) Try 1 wom write po ino a Howie saving ht sows wht sem i ming ftom andor ign vio eel, log th he infrmation Kem ‘out thx stean—tow ac of i here compton, empath, pes Shean ny eh infomuai dssms peten (0 Using th grote sent and seme inion. gue vet what te enw fee and gv bearable ates. Make sr ts nlestond what cach vara especies, Calin X wal of sane gs ow whe the eon 5 teu X moc case eo abe (6) Dati wt he ponents a and se if the syste i dsc, et ret speci ropes. ir endepeied se if soe che hast id tht woul comple de pecan. It's overspesiied makes the Feito have fms comet nd do ica ny ependes spe fe ves (@) Comet ll sat fos or ints cmon wis. if Cas en tn fhe. Remember fr ective rece sss wih Gr mat phases sly et over everyting owas (on sta, dp component slr al masalace eto it ‘yt Gnd bles with oe eon. on nome terre varies ht cn te limi fore bavig esr to mati alee, he et (St sig, aking sre the snr ein he dese nis, AS you etemsine Some ves ewe th tule 1 react coy dla oe ‘ow oe egao, aan tls. RECYCLE, RETURN, BYPASS, PURGE, AND BLEED STREAMS ‘oe consetaing poss examined inthe vies stn as svc ings com nen with mote releasing cpr. Ose sth tbe process aid i ie yesel ray got completion, Not all te pa iat te cena ‘ict wound pine le cones; ome pete the setenge coe yl, Ratan, Ba, Pare, nd Bd Sans 65, cone lg insend. The rove) of Bote Savenges cee conceit tv even scien. Se he a mal pu in process expen, poe ‘ses me fe dsiged provid nwo oe” af tuning pu into the dese profits Sich secmb-dance pccesing fees sling ele ee rem pw 45 shows & poses wing a det eel steam. The Dwight Loyd sin ‘cing ctv soma la fgets lent be cnceae ted with x, nd Seti one when be temperate ets igh noah the nated mate wl pally fev ose, ceing ad imps mal st can be pte lst face 1 tne lee motl. We a oncnt sto fi, fame eps ienoegh To compel ck he abr ui Howey hi iy Sn le he en mst tral app he mace a aoe sve te robles). To ka fom tap sig sme ofthe sme is ied and pl bck io the mache, mice it tts Featao! keep be poses tengee fom geting oo hgh Dies reg ope te Ieee sic hei ae cee to ae up spac and cer pig ‘ot ack in a ros ese Is sly pete seat nse i ny em Fo a pe ir sl Figwe sgh st sini as ui fener DH) Roane Mes: Pred ‘pris Sena Pc Ses tL p1966 Choy ¢ Neqeactve Mat Baras Figure 46 shows example of physi searing eyo steam fam 3 rod The poset veel ns ie ing oe powder rn apt on ing by "pros ale toi, which grcees prices in var of ses. Meta pos ser csomes wal psy a marower aril i ge thane aon peoces, $0 the poses ales wo Sens one to seat ot ie ovesze marian = ‘tht ny allows use paces tps hg, The por at dosn't pt soup he ened seen is wht gets shipped oestomes. ‘Te oveize ad nd ‘soe poder steams se ited totes a ck noe powdemaing ui, [BP pl teneor Pee Iota (nm i tc ‘tame pen ample da ne an pry of Fok” re fl th porting shown ‘nF. Ton poet ft pow por > pas ogo en 258 {fee poner ft he ed on pas epgh If t cnre n e oer leh ono hed othe pondering toi of eed ‘Th lon sa i lami he owe aig wale mine fre foe tens (Te eld 1 three ho els pase) Since thes yn ene th sont fe cch an ga a Nish yo ste ing he postage neni, ete Othe eee Sean Kot he aie roa en ‘Drwing tes dh ce pce eo te gat ‘sh ton, (20 pa Ding buna he yoreig ta pies TOD R=P. Tepito ane le eat O-C10F Ue 96 oe nna at pases agh Oo ee, un02e-0) 260107) anno 0241") ao Sin amie nt sing og he sea en sie eel s=(-o9r-0) 4040 as ec, tun, Bypass Pag, nd Bes Sens 67 ‘The ie of ist no, 9 P= 20/0655 = 1802p. Cig ta es inet pedraig wa R= P= 130 Deng Phy Ra ‘nine by 10 he ser, 885, ‘The most oan ype of eyeliner eying, a ow in ip 42 Hee meri oming rom oe prox (eg themes) as bs pt ugh a Scod (he scvege): he steam big Seat ck the oper he eens on ent) yb diferent bt psa and cenafan te tains wich et the ough i tht pn Fa the npr, soln rel polems ike hee lave twat for a csi of reacve meri ses Te eyeing of pes reams ha several avenge One Bas akon ben anid aly eh bly whee nce to ie mine, sch ee oer in sinengmshine. Thr ae ne obvi esas as wll. Towing ‘sy unde eal poder rouge gs With 8% A repress Wat of til eh ct ote ony, ed resycing may be woth he ea nest ‘del digas aida eponesing tn, Al, Hobing waste meial W Tw cay se days. The wee pow fom Figs 46 fo exam pe lois ates fies nd brs tie. ey a ect ih ise (ain wate dew, ec) seme explosive hye, Reeyeing the esis power selves his rem. ‘aos, jel ams cn ls case pbs, pricy if hey coi a ‘wud mprsies Overtime fies nah place to se inpuries can ud ‘pi process sans alc evenly cause lot of woul This can eet with ery a eesging be races debraly rove te pei, de ing sr ofthe eed taal a purge obesd steam. Fg 47 sh 30 fampl of» pre steam, Noe pre seam speibally died a pat of & ‘cel ean he seagrass meen fait wou ce be oer a pre, Page seams exe) fe ia mal ccs afta, ifthe al un gue steam able engh eye ha sy ‘toing pro ty foe SOS} meen ‘una va ie 48 sows apres with ed steam. Tete die rom page steams in tate matr intha eproosed remove te ings. The poe though hich led sean a xs Be a god dea ecole thn thst sn i te fi, of couse, bt aah ame mer lines pil gyFae 48 sini ero of spe igo. Whe ing er aye cog ne aan rire be ahr oe an (2 st pe epper cate Cast ahd he ast sy he sin The pasa 2p ed slop the acon ‘oun ec eof Balin cin he he econ nd pe fae spr lcm 3 py he ed A cing cl poe of te elspa ea? Saline sa wi dawig st toy wrod he dc, oth soem ent te“ ee) 0 ee lee ee ak ‘Seemed sa). Taf ne rete ea at te conan (rock mim tine sma syle 8 prt ae ome ge isn ae Nt iy de od wi ap i, he se mae cess pr gle) of extn ce Us sale an nw nexaosn4as 46) Sohn, ei 78 e798 a the ase stan pr tng eH Figu 49 shows ath ssiind 1p of seam, Be bypass A bypass sar ist ny poet sen dell roted avon ces vel no which the Mess of Peomince 69 |sfia) renee Fame <9 Apne ating ‘est f the scam i pat. The wesley ot lof no te ae removal ‘ye a cope roe outs a gre 48s on exe fy fs sam, Like pred bo ame, bya tensa fond in ate al precesing operations MEASURES OF PERFORMANCE, ‘Mos nds process go cote; ie, sme fhe int seri i ox Convert othe died ets wy 0 many process ive cyl sans of me pt. Homever wade sco misinaee an of malo he ‘kan ha mets Sosping sme arr fsbo Well he res per Forming stax. There a evr ach eases The meanings nd vay fo nds to nat, and ow hy ae sed vases well. The eis gen ths ‘econ went wer ete ae abdestnig of bow messes of performance ‘ot in gee sl we Testy rng Haske magnet separ nadaced a Fie 39. Be re 40 shows te sine epntor, ti tne wih te snot en competion of ll fice arcane complet se. The ded posi of ene, he get cn ena te alg wil Ll be end ral er arise dosed of. Uafor ts, te defo shina high-rade erent magnet) eocente means nt ‘me of th 0, dsp in he ings tea Be] ete [Saat Soro, | om | Toner, muse, Saige went See] Enea, owe 4 tet ee toi warp, | occa nh op on wane Se Dividing 48 gr of magnet ia he consetae by he S00 ke ings ives ery of DE, ce R24. Rey she faction or peerage of Spore component np to 4m tet winds pi sid acess tea. Ts to pole a elt he every fies tthe oncom (0), ag thee {spol mori nce reece wth vane proc (he ai ing) nich of cour is 008. The etn of grit te eigs 5 882k70 Chapter Novoste Matt Boiese vi by 500, eq to 114%, Nott ae mare han vo rod steams (ef sooe keurlaon ine act, to eenagso3componet eo a r= {a don ad 0 10, Hshal i be pind a at no piu ip ste ‘spec: al he noming ageie el! ke isa he wee ae Lapa Rese somins goes by ges er mines. Its eel elle exc. sion ihe Sst pot aca he al poate ees, ad ons clld fiery alloying options Diving th IL. kg of coos by the 1000 Rg of oe ees 2 ied of O12 kof ence prior of. Yd 6 eat per Bacher ‘i tne of same spied eau tea divided by he arcu of «sie iat steam. The ete cotnts of fh tems ae ale As wh covert, sell ean be tele any stem defied by he wer, ere the pe 2 oat ‘teas don't leg fo bese vee This a bested wing heck oltre of 19k of cee concent a forthe concer any hen in Figur 42, Diving ht val by 100 Lg of ad Geis yi of (O01. Vald wed ic bea uidss number, is posible, fo example, wo exes 2 yell in te fcc mets a reste peru mas f the a ured 19 ‘at ir aca nag sen bound ei proces te Soncimes Enown a inate ire so craton wo ca he invese of diel led nan. The consmgtion of fed per sit ma of cee ‘Soczta, fr example 10 nie by 49, o 2089. Ts consumption of pet mas of mga concent equa 100 V4.8 kg, 243, Obvia, 10 recovery of he inet gen th eel be achieved ie mere ot pressed al. The reson fr puting iin he magnet separ 1 ‘ert fo the wanted ica, Thera several ways of masa he "Sep tity” asocie with rir pas. The est dodo ogi. which is dent a he alt of some dered compo in scl died gut am, ved hy ans a sod spcied ues ut sear. The sit of aii, well we component in qtesng adhe wo Oat seams, ae th tiers dete, For example tbat cen of magne in Fig 4.10, tight expend 1B) 0 ah concent vied y 1 i the a ing se fo 667, Moe pecan or volute factn ex ao be ed ocala ds ‘aon oe ‘abe cots meres te ait of a ross sous 3 sete compat om everthing do nt sate. In oe here, spring tat Conprent fm a spe seond component is 4 me import messre of Peomance. To quay how wll a proces pesto is selec ep in fcr cael, singe fla Me spe any int ‘ 1M sod mare he conection ofthe dese compen, Nand eof he ude Meas o Perna’ 71 sic compo pitas reeset th desired prt stem nd owc tay pent at he ine iis eased. Frenne, ai wid 30% rave Baily 1M 26 basa pra pest of wer vapor eal o O0578-030, o OO113 kar {O12 atm, Ten pereat celuve bamisy at 17 poder a Pyy of ‘0127-010 128" 10" ba IF Wate vel ete ut he prone of 2 re tan lyse i fre nme dehumidier sean xa i ut mot css, sch levels et cough case case. Neves, bt, id acm pt coogh Water vapor in thea fo pet some clos: ample 48 1 Hower poles S000 sna etc ft of teed et at 0 at ‘Sunae Hes mary Jove nlf nae lt repr wr cn iy whe te empresa the aie ay PR agree he ne (dee PC and he wt ay 8? sat ih He ef pose of ar op der tn On th toi, as B50 054 far = 0535 r= SES Si. Oe ly apy 02-0083 = 148 10- am. The pl Ps ov ofecyen 21% ef "py 5 caine pins amg: ing i al ‘Sis pes, sof B19 aman 210 sam rape ce he oer ‘Sec gen de cee por mia Fg 3K Ps ne aoe [Boer 11 S4P0 Thee now cups inrmainn eidsewal te ‘cg a ones er mo wr ch oo. Re ed $y. ME Sg eit 2c 151 sean o, ieee vt do, 71002101019 gy BERD) $316. aml ‘Meier 3. kgm; pera or sat Ss xe st In he ‘Be wat caper wil tat forosing on mae alnecacslions in systems oe al cea econ ost. Hove, th pips dea within hs chap te wl sil ve alo do with solvig eacvesysem problems. Faniricton wih se rips wl pot ob a cesifenble bap: Prolene 75 PROBLEMS ‘Astana cnt est) 448 em) awa ih Sy ses pi (1ST trad pce fk omg WS BC, 8) meg How ay pal Ser cele ome perce mee Sat? Oe id ie mors pr or fs pe sie sc apr a 3 ed ge ST ISW7C ad 13 ashes ose eau Wo ae We eno a ‘tly te pe. se tn el nd ae geil wd et cnn 1 sn, tod ig ie contin Ho ry ngane of ia aya ead tb ei yu” on ta ye er, ang aks ak ect To ke ‘rb seal compn seer we me, co of ke fete rund (fe ageet kotha eet mayen (CS Kurd ety O80 ln) sl ied oa santa acme fmol gs pe a esraen a he pin? 4 ems m= DTA leat sal anya expt eo me op * nr sig fey mole pret ZA, cy me prc NaC a ye Peet KCL How aniline och male te ae vp a TEST Ne Th ro aye oft sp. Ty op Bo pe fs) Antigen frst lee pt yuo of esd Iannis ot oneal oo rte om soe The dn il 5 9% meter oven) HF at pie ry of 19 ue ids 78 HO, las po U1 ie te fp CH CO i gee ay of LO {2 ow my i fee wl fe ido mae wp 10g fing lice (Wa tay as pr Hs HN ne ing ln (6 Whe ssn 180 tel Gre 885 a) coal a Be sl e- ‘rt htm rea st fre sal pe es gr 736) mn ete Ge. SE 2; sp er= 749. Wht vane face ha Wl rot te ed? B-.Ame i At wera ttn cen cnet ang 43% ed wd 2758 he Toma pc na (1) SIO mee wns ae uaa ang 0 sn 2 el) 10,00 et of lo ocr eng Oe a in 6) 400 nt SP cone etn 1 el ed 3% sa) ‘in ti wh on eg FZ. ye ot Tein ns wp concen, Deemine (a) The maf pt raphe nr Fa (8) Te pan oe do hee. (6) Tomas fling ws rege ead sna elias (4) The ama of hers te re thei ecb cs 18 ga me f ‘he hed cca SS ithe BF eect St od ins 9 pm scoring 1 pl (as at) ne ceri fo oe eo eo ole xan iA eens reed Pe ing #216 Chapter Neereacthe Mesa Babess lu elf per ad i ee Ve Son a ag ‘hase When he os wp ne email pe eh ea {ita sowed ape amo wr a ess) oe oe ed ‘Sees asm the oma pe eving ter ee gas fetta The lnc pe ving et nt coins 147 gC. The hare ‘se slo ete te med et 10% fon per cae. Se ‘Me pce fe copra re me qu oe a lise os (a th st arn ne es Edow he cee me (0) Dare cope ne sean les le eee Pa asso twine by he semioimon esagston in iy cls of ¢ ak fea tie Te igo meponen ceed by hs pos Sas cop fe al teak tom ecole in el fm hich tan Be eal ppd ‘Whe be mel rete pe gh pein te nee ela Ing ne re sora ol vse ih he png cece he at CGiby cl. Tormanre te mes ttl oe fom ea ce ecm ‘ml ks, hh neh he ect of eli he cust heath ute cl ng ot (Te wee ta er ted Wie eye a ‘iy tag to et shes of Be est) Lien el ly fame nei segs ant 2 owl be ener om ek nr he er oer ome eel aloe wa he as sth sat eng 30 er el. a an Yor ssa peg hing tpg Together of ow mck meh al roe Se sign smpny a ome rm ode RCH wo eel eo fap tt eH nT BOC OAS Rb yma) ee wae sh ay aig te cnt fan a singles ser sh al pomp, ‘Sent thee meh el en Be tine. To main 0) cma cnt he Rb comcast a wl il a ast 20 gp er eee pope (© We wa to RACY se lt he ca Hl 1 ea el? (a) Ber po bn ca abe wh ob i ka memes {mE conan at te er hl pong alae. Fe lor he ig eta ns ids ya dere 77 tem e ae of an mess ang at of ec cll A hee fay cl wl ay ned el me net te la een a (6) Fos pete nig, 4 0 li hs a bs ae cele ‘sting The lon wink pei nh men et by sine com Clanise, he soem copay ca st how sania the wick see eon Theat lm eran he me re of hei st ets fee ue 32,170, 23720 pen recy, Pes ‘a ants flim a in ae se, y wh ee we he ak ei mcned wie ce? “tn A wae arr a sere eing it 252 4 of dsb ‘maze stand 1 amin 8 open "2. per ‘ane oe sce el 3% tee “one TPE thera a SEPP oat ad pha 321%“ comb” ty oper et ‘he dase cer tee pts "Sa" tin anyng 8 Sain 3.0% Sot wim SA te camber a tine angen SA sau, 025 ‘opera 15 ne se), 4 ct ie, NO ner pe 198 ‘ek an, ol 43 oer comes ans” acon alia 31 sn om, 31% copes as, 8 capt ai ce, 108 sas se, 6.5% 2, {E26 uber an lc ant OF ck an las Che his foi, ee te ties teh rod (he ty per ser at ey rer TD ngs fo ‘awa 3188 nga mings 2 11922 Hogans tis) 1H, Arson eis eames 21% (ALO), 7% que (50) al he eine ‘pape Pea en sa) The ee ao ger we oe ‘let vp he shi no a Be igs, Narre pest of ‘isi bee ener nth coco me wg ely ih bs 46a AO 4% oC be qu sows wp me cme. Te ang fen th ‘omer al et 8 sg ll ich nmr ten epg dt (eh enh gory dnt qi en be Soe. Ts ings rm he ere el in ft ons wo lai, wee So a 63% rl cry te et ate th lis 26 ar om he coe ‘em there cls He ch. ‘eeu ale te oc e gel st lee hich ras lane cecente ming 5.7% aun and 122% qua. Ove ‘oy gts cle iste 0 The lags ste Sar (a Dawa tier fo be acetone (b) Dare he ergs ain gan an gen eh es ten, ad erogenous he or es ing 1A. Te meompnig Ree hos sunset Senn wih dead “eprom "Pf te prom ot wk i ei Pc Tere Se mc ory up ae he a, tag TH a ed GO ice The wa ee fe hae 2 pe HO a ‘ne gh heen Yand where an ee af eae i a ea 1 sng argh te est. Tie fa hoe Xs 9 ‘aed i he beng wae) 98796 ote a soe a sven i ‘eam, Alf hae a ns op the deo fn ener Zong he78 Chale 4 Nene Mara Bess reife. The lon hice a ofr of er Prune ol mtr. Ges hs nis, tei he Bop yo ‘i all nd warn ec pre seam NO ha concen of ‘Bisa te oe fi rom cine al toe oe = fat poet Ty | stomata ene Ra eae i ne BG doe Bae "18 Pay sy ine cong 90 en of ed ina 128 HyS0 sess ft el, whih lena pie a sme oe ms eZ det $0, dsr ching tk, whee is we ‘Sac 8 of te nie Gato 3a ne ning 6% Za. The cg rows op te thr 0 cnn hs et an rt ‘Epa shop wa ne ee elt, Te cane ti 0 ang ‘sn, eel hy erage fe nes cone De {Kt awed hgh anf gl ome iene be dc ls ‘Sern il Toeap te Mono o eae Son, es theo cae Inge nc of be a te hing (Gem tmeof i ono ee all ow may aso ere ae ese (me ele eeu nt ng ser en) (sow many ne se ed pr etc of cen tl (6 Wh fain of te cle be ter an eee! hing (@ Toate wp fre alice ot pre sean, 29% i i son (pce vay 148 ode te aching. ow yes of se nee ale eran eee? 14. tyson aed spt ep of en td in sry fn sae fox Torn hk he, ey ef ed ae Tt abe Me et tor of sry smi 1D ome spade ois we fe yey wh a an fe coer ete cco now, whe te pt at {he we sored poe 29 Te even fo gcse iat 2 ae a 8 rf O67. "The now tam he nd coe Sn ‘tne poe of li witha ewe toga pnd he praise of ‘She 130. The veto om he cad soon as 2 ae of 7 ost at ca ois mya bck he hyo, ig he a et seam ‘The nl tant nt soe te nc ta i, nih a 10 Given natin stein the fs hur bok i ad slury exh eminem, an he va eh eam. “1S, Agape tht et ler ape Bats fon cle {hee bonkers clef aig Th pte oer poss mga pa sing. a la 8 eed om ma 5 Ss od Potens 79 ceramic” ad» el la prt ming 2786 it he. 719% ced ga, S01 0% cma cams The ld ft plas eam 6 fe lo (a) Te prea fi ed sin ef (8) Te psa: coey fit se Bag pode (6) Te page tn of ees an cai ote es ea (Tes fe proses ning Bi gs eke os 1. Teaming be i hamish oe es av oct ty fr GePhz leo. ed pig oh ee coe he" mea © ‘zp in per sara lis: te cop in at ae cn Sc, se 4s mes et laa Hedin a al ie cating ae se (2 Dr Hw i cet (8 Ginger pe me ake he actin f hehe mate at wind tener (o) The oof en oct auth ed i eam ein What ely ote pono? (a) Caprese 1.10 wince fr O45, ed S277, a ser er $steny ie ma o The m,ad xiy h e Inve seal ooh, Pn se tera re ten thee Seo ta py sv icone hs i il pa ot einen Senin nom ofthe ae ft mein te a ec Trt itn | —— = : fos) masa Now ow Sim “om Paw “ae am aw te “toe oce Si BA malice A Gi Erne Mog of eae Me Sai 0 8 Ce Th THAME es MT 1 Te ssmpeying us pat let ee or sui an fm80 Chapter Nome Mata Bubs (0) Te ere inhi pes ita ana ate of KCL NC wi a Uhr) teu componads Gon i como, ae ne fore eam (0) On or beset HZ weg ty, omni ein rs (0) Sts wep cS ad pn hr an how man pth oF ‘Sata poring Seqasncot incre a |p ae sucronmares uote nee] Fehnansot Sonne Fe rs 1, Dee pro war pri he owing eps: (20 108 pre ny 73m He ee lps 10) 3, 85 vehi, 1) sie etl sie. {0 Anapensysem sat KO ad tr pes, wi dw pu of 18°C, (a) Seedy pa TOF a bees ese wih epi ef IF. 19 Tenet pr me of wane ih on nit tegen 1G Pont Sans we sec has) peti cot, chi {opr i. Dh fe one cone we al of he kr emg fh Pst once. Tees eng te see as a er of 1 Be (8) (a) What acin f ept ae reac hc? (How ny a fg per in es oes eee? Piers 81 “M,N cn 0 Ki utd oe pl non ae , ‘es aie Softer an eri te Nr ol ely ‘ied oem TH itn snc Tae stan atl pene of {880 R012 am Ihe NTC ps ae hs ese LS ad ee oS a ret TC san ce” I. Se ee ard nse a ep fer metal (CHO ms te cee by psig nope ova pot Wa tu AL, Osa ‘eps eta 00m He {3 testo 9 neat th eda wt gr ps fin ‘yi rosie a ame i NJCHSOH aie 1507 (©) Mamostene pe es bc wt fe pee Gp sn fe mos orb id mati! pt he hatin pe gst? (| How my zs tt wl ed pe oad ee ef cabs ‘pooch ge temper an 9% ston pal pet? The yc Pea of ig COM 70,=5 Stoichiometry Mo mais ocesng gts a ssid wih ne o¢ me cei hs Whee tse eal waar sr seve he compe of sem So ie oye er erage i per Op a antigen pone chaps Howrey, e cere of hemi serine ope ef econ tan be we de wh is xn isela compun, Tas ape aces mimeo iene pes of resin a bow ya edo ase se “THE GRAVIMETRIC FACTOR | dca of shone eis ha mel sige esenaica sotm QSSSIStepin ney fate sts rap of te done a a ‘Sirota ny fu ong n cas xe as anys Te won ao of gest ico agen sie savas 2. Be ‘arts mi often na shy nee of mags se il Sing bg vivo mos wages a naa of em oe ed a0 ow Mat face fo tiene (COO) wi avoys ng wih 8 + ene sn Such emp st scone a sn om cst hs Fo Ses econo sir a ming mas issn he tut ur cmc ra tgs 2c nas 0 of eat as wel ‘pumas of M3 7g) any cn on pace of ent S RE aang io tm wan sy eg Sn be cut by ‘The Gti Face 83 Leming he umber of es of ssa Hr seq, ening by one mole of [Mgt ger mole of conned i. nd ming by the namic aso Si ob sug Tem MeSi THEMES iva ESife- WISI EwOIST —_ Fale Tete mas of MS meen (150) wold be egal sine determine ow och sone was Bg ed wt ally by tis abo: [_Lemolsi 28086 Sigal St Isopmgsi- [mS 28s 8S (Teo gi” 7671 Mg, 5/—-m01 MS Sunes “The shorn ade inte shove oguatoe—svichonet et lie byte oof molecular sss smctines known wa ravine fcor, ecm fi pad en seal chemi. However, sao widely wed a mt nd hal pocesin andTeaming ow oop 6 ask wrth aoquiing Foam nore presi pl is nt rm of rd ou” gg 1830 ma re i” er doo aye of ae eo atoning mr tha ee ‘Te fr mage FO, 50 eine fans i Be gal tenemos ere) st 9 ‘ml mer 215 lel api, S88 sl). ih Sapir the sno fin ns isdn fe 1.28154 om PO ay Toa = 18657 onc Cine for work ase sichimeiscompon are homoge ‘Any mas of mage lhe te se mole a mass facto of tn 5 he nest. ‘sii fact can be ciclted for any hemogeneos rave, even i c's icsomebc cipounl ~o lng ats composton i Inown Tie impart. be coat many of he eis wedi mers proceing cmt nto 8 gi ‘henicl compound, btn ofa mise of several and somes tae of Sompounds. For exp, neplline ene, a mia wed in glass maf, right pily contin 550% Si, 3428 AO, 1.8 CaO, 79K NO, 90% K0, 13 8:0, 034 50,06 P.O, ad 0% “ns oo gin” (ome and CDs cher ily atid to he Nu.O to K;0)- Sale copper ccs may coi cack (9) corel (CS), root (8, pie C88) cape CAFES), bor rie Cus, miler (NS), penne N;) elena (PS), site 8, terenberge (90), sas Ys fer sles, aswel 5 ose composts sche alia, nagnsa nd ine, Onanic mut such as nal en cosi84 Chayter 5 Stim tows of ieee craic an inci compounds and accarely aang a oul ump fr exact ma fasten of ach lenstly determine the percents tet in he tl woud te an imposible sk Taare te eas of nde ie ven in ters of eet compte tre pes at te in tema. pica ope oan Shi en in pee cops, percent af, pent iene, evn thugh cape Zee sl on xt ny ponds within tee The posi and sou i fethsioe set a acl pres aie o uninoshicteeompounés. wl 3 IivO and KO. log ase peas of oper o sro aia xi dal ‘iy eee fm angle o mpl fe mt can ke ted as ogee ns and he a pe gravee for api as ie. mle £2 "S04 cain i be ade of ie on ly wich ed 009% od tpi i he cn wat Temes ae ie fom of “rat canny yl 230 Sing al eg he ae ‘ty nos mente hw maya fray shale al? keer mica, mignon mon cis ox ame ie Site eof hongr os masse, one is a tapas er She dc om OSE MeO oy _ 05 aay ‘ating Hele 5 ME ‘asing Maing hy 00h el 1 pm aly. Nee dah preg | ‘rom nt oma an ee eine eed pas of ms [BALANCING CHEMICAL REACTIONS ‘iti ito cen wre ue oni i ok hi. Aral Tend crt ll ses nes hei Ihtgh tb vow efoto oes poe Jw ae et {hay hve way one et sues a ee foster wih ome fer wn re Thee ss nih single ton «1h #200, +2140 en “This ean, of com, spss bung tune in onygen Kens ce Alencts (nb. yd, od onyen aed fur emp (CH, Os, COs, HO) She ees cn al esate He conpoons, which a neither ced ce d= toyed by fh ato al clement lances can be writen for al ae. Theis tee ean omc the ef nds, aed on onthe ih for oxygen os i I ‘skncing Chena Racons 85 lalla ech ie, sche torso ah swell. On eter an moe ‘ft conpound ira Becomponet All eer comply ced o ley estajed ine econ. Asa sul eoaoanl tls it pose ‘No fr sreig se more complied. On way of mang dust ex ide rings on elec sibs eae is ya aes of chanical vapor depen rg wie esos in a spas ace sod cpus ons maby sue. To rte W.C cosingy, ingatnhetarie (WF) teed wth onze (Cl) and Iytogen as, pong he cae and ydogenUande (HF gs. Wag 3b seed con fr i as wit he xeon, AWE yi y= eC OF 2) ‘his inl expresso snp, sic taste deen fist whe he ws nec he lac noe wor all the clement rsa in th compo 9 the lett se have tobe seu in oe o mae of he compen th gt ad ‘Se fs it te casa ant os educa ht ben pnd ‘wl nnd Be fo cumting Nos tl teenth ahve been writen ie of aie, Since th el oconpnzt in. (5.2) a lens he et pi 0 sp Semen anes nem te tres, agin jot efor. Far ngs, rod 63) Silay, for exon, dine an yoga, = 64) 65 ot 66 Seng basis by pcg oso te varies mas it posible se forthe es Lats foetal Bt a= |. Tht les x al 2 [Eg (5.3) my gel 1s 6). Knowing fe ae of nt determines B= 12 (E85) and his finaly prviir te formation needa! to sve for the svar, 24h) 85. Revting by 62), sencloellgemermm an Sex ts oye» ih matin tee fas SH Tie Shona ne 12h, ll +33, = WSC TOE 6a) Lets ny sorting oe nce copa Ti ine te aca wil en ‘ium ore (NO, auto met, nl ine (CAD he pods wi be ‘nam mide (Al sani, neil More (CaF) Sain pth ex tion as before,86 Chater Stier ANOF+yAL+COmaNDALY PAROS +e0R, 6) ‘Tee ow elements in at ast one compod on iter ie creing element todas a tore Ne sot 200 a yoote (5.10) ce ree 09) o 100) r (5108 “Anti ef Chops 3 and 4 tow site ees alae ist, Jo ‘ison binge oo snes the egutins fo a1) (0), a ao 12) Inmet Oe ves fs ae Kon, (3.103 nl so rein ing ones, ts vole to 516. Thi eaves nly on nkown in Ey, (10) 1 ade for tt being y= 2, Rewting Ea 8. Sao! woreraetoon!wmaiesnostor — in ad ahing hy he lowest comnon denon (0, GNP HDA 3GO=2NDAL+SAKO) HG 2) [REQUIRED REAGENT CALCULATIONS ‘Toe egos tlincedin th pesos soa hve reed proving ats, aly tne mole fone of te compo. However, inal proces he bases fr mate ‘abtelece eens lly isa ch amos of iu ter st some ne be expt th rcs ard, ry ie amount of probs expe. Now the tk fecome cating th quis of ter eagensn be ten, gen th bss. ‘Ts wit povie bth be aunts er inpt teal thar have wo fe ied 0 he ‘pret Ge amoun of er rc at wl ea fom he econ, THe p> Ahetin of Ny Alin be wed ste: aap 53 ce hd rans of ari ave fl on cither a ‘hve tion hae eo aioe ee aed err foe ‘sania tl Arar a). Wht race fale ad ne sl dst Oy oe econ and ha me of NA al be pc fom? ‘oe awe has Wi set E59 LMOF+yALHCD=ENALHEALO HOR —— 69 ting ad Ess Rages 87 ‘a ie oma a Bye) stil apt i i ei as ‘en bm ia o 80, ded by ser ms (90) i 0 1 gine of tarcopoon Dring ne vba = e110) eins 347 Epo Nya iting yt 5. (510) ces z 52 eo Cay a 21 kp of eed CO. Sag B10 (5108) 1 tks deri ann ef sin poe 0 pet) ad mie hun ten eure’ DS ipl. Mat oct ee sss 8 em Ihave 52am oes! i lal alg 821 by he Incr na C2 in sete of 2923 tie “is ene aod son of hy he pra of cen lon oun eet ot osetia Nee mie ms ae (Scot Remon a ch! pons lay in rm wl ae LIMITING AND EXCESS REAGENTS Ck ered sts of agents an npr hl, al te flrs i or ey of pate nhs ath en ft caper. However ms act acts dot fete enact rei anus of al ats, Tmo cass an ees of oe me ‘el lb beryl. There ae sv ess or ths (@) In some cues. itermndyaicly ins fora ecoe w go cape- ta ules neces of oe ore eactats is peel. Te reas fr hs re Teyon th scope is Bok, bot god example se production of Wc ouings dad sat, A hag eee of Pern i ued in peace 1 fom thei, er han ee desl meuie wags fm. (&) A eco pote n epeting este i Kiet Many ress simply 0 faster if tee is hg exo fone oe moe rsa. Tis oo, fer example, ‘fig, wl bu fer if sri lowe n reagents an be ve hgh {procs fer he allowing to ron more trl ought pe ey, meat, 2) ty agen rear ita be wor he cos. (o) In solisete reacts, whe geting sped misng ca be «poem. iting on tof neo re compas ca ep ensue at the ects yin oa tact with ech ede event te amon of eneced mal ises That ty fo example wont Be any vaca is of 0, having 0 g0| ekg srw le Alo eck ith Ang exces Al wil wean hat thre aye ome oft which cane aces easy by te oxyde, 1 soe estas psn yom in exces ht ans hat one haste se lining eat Thy ing rasta the ane at he ot enh of the ‘ome ta shuld be act a completely a pose. The Bing recat in most ‘ena ec ite () eo ht ton exesie to was, of) he ee that (Sat be dad fini rg frm. La haute ei, sina oss88 Chapt 5 Stihiomeny ‘oughly $0807, wile ibis sls fr Sb of moe. 8 wo sure Ht excess tomy sad othe eco. Rains oe orice nthe NEOSF 1 tr up in sbl compoand esc ine Wl ead as el. ‘he fel of exct reget rein sta mute ocesngopraon conte dele ints fhe china require moet. Perens id tein ye eal, Sexes = 100 6 ee eh ant mf pcr eager actly apt oa res, nd Isao et ete By th actin TiS ising coe bat ica ge comico. Exsnle 34 emorts sie proach fer geting i kind ‘felon net sang 54 ‘Pawe51 sowing dri fl rec whe tn rare) ‘spre mcn wih mele mages gs cea ml pone a (ul Mech Sen 3p of ae mer ced bh ton fe ‘ond 50 nal etc mates FC ws bn Wha he ig ow ad apr cer of he ier pr? (ep of cone (Sa Ron 80) Pale ‘he poo fir sig hep ts with wing etme fa 80 seats The nae no xe ape al lhe cma ret, ‘Wing ine lar ele STC, FHMg=eTT+ JNO, ow) ‘ses ln wien 5 bd td Wada Hoover he pee stone ges ee Ti wh pratima | CS ei ht tay tar pce, ch el te pce Ltog aod ices agen 89 TOA OMe MFT +e 9) Sc ny ne Be og i re es, he legal 1020 indo wih ot oni cn #8 mgr er a he comes em (1). ‘Now ce nous at wee aly pia hace. Moline 0 hy 2 itr 1 pane of apo c 7200 pa wen ie he ns mani 50st eo TC tp by 244 sn oi ‘tes pri l(t 2 i 3346 gal eal Dig ‘Shinty 3346 nu na os ab ao 218, copa sb be ch ae ot ay stmt ain (10), as St Be {ec mlng egal ace, Gir somal ta ef big ape hy, aye) The cal secon i anoun f mgesizn nga ty ot inh asc. Mbping 8 Er ml fein HC) ‘Sos oe two drs our an) 06880. Te pose cre Mp ws ng 3138 excess Mp = 109 PES? agg, Sie im lS pega st ges fr $0.78 oS, sae ‘thre xs gn soe wor eee fe Unierstatng i fen betwee he sihiometie and ses chemi toes desl shoe emporio common fr th epi tein th ant of ergo be led aa pees asl based pe ate ho 19 a ih en iapat and ermine te ees ard (8 the previo example) Th can be edad sing ab isesingy pps kh ose sample $8 nn HS Ga roping Nahempstee ties) mason mete WO.) i ‘in wit caro nd sain pom nlite. Them sof ae Si: ns 0) ch an py raf ah ‘sr yl epee ie dee pret Sine exe une all 2 ‘eran eh prs pees mang ifs ote pres 9 es Ime on 20% ee abo eal the mac What et mals ef ‘ape the oe go of Moped? ut in he su came, lion a ih eng wo eel SMD, BAI eC dM, C + ALO, 9 Leki the tn tt ee fom mye siioa, xs nba at ahd cond ba ee. The pcs at os90 Cowper 5 Stktionety MeO; HnAl4 pC=4MAChAKOS +2MO5 416 GA) (Size poten stent ma he aco be xe ages oa fim en nnd) sgh 0D ps enn aie 0 emery molec a hes qd og 902 gh Siac. The schnell ip of meen qo Yo = 9A, jig i vale Wy 105 ee ces) denies a ea 1029 oso np Ns Svng eum bmn Ey. ies | Pein 2g 9 pk of tore le “pe salon of dao dures He sion myinmen fr eto, 4s nes Maing sy 12 ene) ees p= S30 ga of gt tet pein seen fle on ES) swe at tpg =O {Ei lt or Meno MC pal Tt ke wo wnowah nid | ‘ihe res op me big =2805geneALO, aloe a9 =2¢= 1961 ssc inn it er ham af mone tie ped Fly cing ee me te Cage nama o0, SBOE + 961 mal. SE 582 mas =m gg = 20 ME ‘STOICHIOMETRY FOR MULTIPLE REACTIONS. “The systems kod aw far he al aed lave pe inp materia, ening ine sgl cnn faction. In ny stil mals pees operons ach is ‘tthe eae, Ig seas may cola seve chenicl compound, each of hich toy mpd tote esc f te inpt Se een To demented ‘ose te fla ater sn i gure 5.2. Ves sch 26 hs wed fr Procesangararety f lycvde?mteay in i se, te using used Fest slide comstire ling option, nye athe alin at the Btom els wth sli compous price aloe and su vie: MS, +70) =MO yy) +850, 618) ‘The fous fr hele compound i it uspecied because mos sie oe (eae cota viety of ach compas, all wth dilewet compound sis Cecio, tna, te cower uolly contin seve onsite compos, ich don't t ll and simpy pas onHrogh thecal, vig the sate. “Tose snag cmon fe aely brew defied te components and can Sometines rove very tefl in Backlit eompostens fo kava ot pot ae. ‘Seti for Mig Rexsons 91 or 52. od i ied aig, ae. 8) Noon osetngy er ape See Fei) “Tis ras cei & cone cet 68% sphere (aS) 4% gale (4s), 2% preeorte(C), 5% ale FS), 4 pyre (FS), 10% aca, and 7% ‘eer (os materi coin a esl le gs wat, tf ‘hey mt wel pote fen lament) Fen wanes po ht ots cece ‘eae nut terns (en the Woe is pele ie hs sue mice). nd cary dy se oo water Yap) i wed oust Whe the once 1 roasted te wae wl vapize ad wind pin theo; he esting operon wll, opty oat te Sut SO ah ofa Well. Te chem conpounds inte cin ling tense hel rest ine Za, PO, C40, FeO nd SiO, To make ve ths appens, exes a Mow aco th ost, pas Sout 108 ore thn nds Bow many sad coe mets po hr i ol be rove ‘AS Eq (18) sugges, te rnsing reat for each of he sulle compounds inthe coceurac pees m ngpodet mas lance; cer wert the out of oxygen ted on CUS it CUO as ntig bdo wih he anu ede 1 tum Fe; no FeO, Bese of fis, Bis proben cult soled inl by wing sever mse floss of Be ps, OWS +) 04-4 2N;=1CH0 4.1803 +2Ns 9) ee 2y qua 2+ 2x (oxygen blac) and eqs y uid by 79721 tember te soteation fhe compotion of). The ve fo dsemined by92 Chon 5 Sidionaty nlyng 15 tots (or 15000 ign) per hour of encase by 2% grenekite {ling y the mosses of C2 opt he amb of oles ers. Doing tise tne (one forech ale comand) ald est inf nuns of ony tod agen tat wool be mids alg hse eopter and aking by 1.) oul ive ws ham rue or the eqs 10% exces ar ip ower the i ued way 1 appa is ut enkes the bokkeping eases approach oles pig the npr ass bnes together ere String a shown blo: [a708-+ IWS +6CHS + ARS + eR, +/50, +6 [200 + n€00 + CHO +4840, +5103) {le 0, 44M +980, +9140} (sam) “hiss lengthier equation, bt sw te is nly ne deal with inset of re. As ‘eal thei i ely one sli aloe 1 mak, ose oxygen tans, ane oa falns ,and hs deer te ace of ating nls. Aner aianae Ts inthe eof ie bck ht recount prepa inet nd tort stars. fe sing for al ie ails, te compte stout and compos thmef ach en wl Be nvm, nih wl ese naling st tha he anon. tril ening thers ca be poet nde, ad tht the ight aout of ‘sagen cm epi “To sat ting al hs vibes ft ea mane, emer the ashen cater (1 oes of oe pe oe) td he eas of th concent, Te mo ‘eur mses of phase, goa, rence, wl pte, iia ated wate a Specialy, 978, 2, 14446, 8791, 11998, DOB, a 1802. Mlyng the Fs bythe mas rato ofeach compound and ing By he molar mss ves wahodefands + YO, HEN = geome gg MEZA te become as pot 15.00 nas Sina caeions putas 0= 251, €=208, 4=683, ¢=6.25, 1=2496, and S828 Since hea all we composes, v= abl 7 =f. Only one ompound of eth side the eto cons i, feo, o dias ah, "Ter tla i prety snp aswel 2g = d+) alow Ihe he enue og 64 gle ex our of heat proce inh ote “nwa eat enoet os kes singer Dlsce easy geo $0, 7 nao ‘san neat dherdtt Potions 98 “Thieves four vaslest sale hip en xp scan often, Nitogen ie de cmon uly ps = eect. hat by isl i och Hel Koning he composton is mre Hep however ts ht ks ge 9) fms 911, dng) he Key to sling the ogo ance Wing 29 9 Talc: YagtYementpeyttsz srs 622) Note tt tei compra sc and wa) Be bee inde on th sides of Sis expression. ‘The cou ve onsale et ou, shoeing he estion bat ‘tis bod pracy, sce ompounls sh a lc nl wai can sednes be ceed bya teaoe in dn eng resem inh ep marl Knowing wef it of he also By (22 He et se 1 ly tse and ingly ajate 3610 jen 9305 sa) fhe tichieeic oan hal Ben wien, 2 woul be equ 0 mo, andj wold ‘el 19808 kgmohira oxygen. Using 1% exes sir dhe 1 exes ‘nygn at wel), j i itl 1308-11 =21236 Ply, By (523) wed ‘ole fr (1230, and coposton fa used Sle fr Rand 24, Snell ht was spose wad ws the aroun fab Mow io te react ps Bor twas actly cesar to erie Dividing by 021 be {rtome acon nto yen) poss he suber of K-moefe of eed (G12) aed lying ts umber by the 224s eis tes pr E-olof fs lise Chap ? yee 22665 sm (add ac ster of oe. However s corglete as balnce lie tht one allows clin of te anout and npn of te of gas apc, tose are nested. Ding eaough poems of ‘ete wil evenly rea! whee sha ach a the anal fe compen ‘om nyo aces ae scepale. Ta he meatie, gig tough be whe poe PROBLEMS. 1. Praia pr ated ih 3 fs ai U0) a inka re em @ Sh pag eg he bis i ey hep ee ie es mle BO abo Ko ete) wo he el? Wie er fe cmp (0504 nai egal 2. Aoi power ec wih apes QE) snd sae W em sa OO wma gan pi il em eg cing A pve? 8 Attar conie 6 nin, 6 st, 158 con eis an 138 pie, Ws seo etn eat bk cbc94 Chor: Stactbowy 4 ag io ine site), 48% ine (0), mad 108 wise (GSO Wit eat pcos ieee ag? *5: Ragen of 49 ei shine (C20, 45% me 4% wala (CS103. {nd 3 fet (Ca). Wp wl des te a ei 46 dio ck ie eo mise (S10, and ee gus 0). Wt i te eve el eu ck sing 199% 202? 1 ps Bch tigi eh ime of $0 we, $0 ena 50 Inte 30 cose HO epee (CHC), 35g FC, 2S wh ‘need 0 (a We cnt of cape fe stn, I ans pr er and ly {os yer er? sine vole of he ie CC), Sd Fa iin (Locke dots of hak mt nd acer HCL a ND, Then "ah uly (les pr cn fe he eh “Aili cosa cis 455% Mo How MS) 0485 C8 C) a Girne angih 98 Sy Cate spe RS) a “9, Addams sag sming of sei, on ei al git ‘eat coin 2% nl cao Sl 6 ann, Wht eee 80 te ks he orn ppt? 10, Aid cy shin bck ing 703% ALO, ad 2546 SO, rc he Posh fom multe (A480) Wh pent ali wil te ine it 1 Gon fling ip ad tp somos, we 4 ae chi eae, ih fo oni Ihe rat n't eae (doe, sae hs (ope Re (0 se ten (ups Tn i, can ie (0 te Nosy 403 ct a, mi san, (tna Nowa met tne ite Gh hos). (oe Fe co sana ce (MIC) ma up Manan ee (MP0, hyng ei “lg Son ace nmi (up Szon dine (SIN) memo cde mmmine ANC 3th) (6 na Cam en cas ee, ‘Gop Mears le. ul en, wae (© ae Arne esi ie, mat, ‘tpt fn ans Fe em sa, bye aie, “peur ye Fe), oy. one wit (sat Fei ste (pt sae C,0), Cr, apa Cate sone i. pus Tam rile mazes, st (rp in ne, mgs ly og. tue Cay (CaS) ae ne. ‘to ise C5 em sa st it 12. Ginn allowing gt outcome an hee as wt ce eg Siena tite demu of Be lad ep ge Pens 95 (4): Qo sai sien, (ep Sta (1) tan acon (0) at Cais ie (Cc: 80 ps wat eye, eps C0 pape ce (ekg Cee PA 180 Be, adam doe (eet Sdn i ie ome AAO Woe (6 lg Tamim terre mags ope ‘ue Tn ome (50 rn). essa nie, lo) bg Mgt (Dea fer oe og he (ue enti FC wae pe: “iyi Sa ote eM 1 he, ie ait (ua Fer slate, som io, wae (a) mp eee a, 90 Ay tne (ut nc de mage, xo ee, wa lp Wann PO, 0b, rahe pa engin cate 0), tn cde 1 lee Messe a S00 Ey) som erent oe, ‘a Soden ahi NM) tm ae gue Annee s,s) oc em eee ju om ete PeiO em te gee nie 18 fad wage ty st con 18% CAO at 020% SI, whet © the art pti fo on dee (C8,03) (a) What re persange of CS, Be ed ges? "hy Wine oe ig ep? 1. luigi consis (amone ei) 9% onan an 5 mapa ‘eel oe pet ALO) poe (a) Wat prea wl eb ne? (0) Wich ue if pe ncn ht est oft ck cas ois 1 Fe nd pre of (aS) ae ace wih 235 ans ion mel ‘eins w oben Meal nt AS, (a) We eg psa iets? (8) Th aon pods elle ie ning 0% of he leu tem antag 29 sins Dei soy ped a “V6 A tego Aan sj osing 171 aa pt {Ge (0sh ag He vanton sly uso thee em. (Wht oe V0 1 poate cy? (0) Te it anu ey seve waste sadn pert [NsV0, ty mtg widen etm, nye. Wee tac ona ae ete aon po. (oTotepon tae Kets Ge ong perton 1 fae 10g fe. ‘Wat ov er NC pe 17 Omnia go» ono crting 7 sce (AO) edo gsi SSO) eston oe exon cnstan HIS tae wate) He ny floc i a ee (Te deny ceed HOS LA)96 Chayer5 Stony 1 Ove ef spc ai wih 9D 4 ion etiing 25% Sc The ie ie ie emi sng, N):0: 12 WO 5 yO. Wa pees anc eg el? 19, Asal inte ely FeO) sas 278 tis nt 38.4% fn. (a Who te teleost fe nd a henry acs te am er (eB he iting et, at prong of eagle ly ie {0.4 00 gom spe emia a sl cong 5 yu SSA The Hc ite Fels forte ge uma eon coma ‘num unis frie ein Ne erst ale ‘ss Gives cnn at wale cacao fn he lo “ab A ms tlc ig ae oe» pga eon ys fr Hin ‘ue die ia gue 38 anghete n e frm a pie.) i Zi rg ad rst le Bemaie FeO. The caliente, sami ss, tat ssc se vngenats) Th lll ae este a 0 a ase Uitaltecxiee nil wadoparCOin etn White tcaonesal) ete it pti 2, Al xn cn ly fs, ee wt sme reaped ‘te Fes) ed vey sl ao of Ems 2 ane a ih ‘Reeve wh il fo ys Dy vend emai ne ll ede ‘esp ion Ret ine a he on he 2 Li aig 0, CD, 78 te, 2 th ee ae ‘hei an MgO ted y econ oe nf lai ln th eal {ii How mony geo eae wil pte pt me ae of sae =6 Reactive Material Balances As memioned i Caper 5, most maa ocsing operas iva chemi reaces Te sihomety ofthe eno andthe dope which hye co Pleo hve an ovine get om meals actions. his eae, ce Teds lod in Caper 5 wf ool comple ati aces in esing ‘stems af ayng sien complex. Mach of th pe of ealeon desc a te chapter ne by compte, bt waka the penis end ii ‘eu oh npn nisin a make contr base calclons mae effect and ‘coMBUSTION “While many merle yocsing operations ake at pice a rom wpa, many cers ee te we of igh tempers. Genering se higher egret {ques the inpt oes a sets Ey can be cine from sever oarcen a {Teen few chops lho, bt oof mint common snares sh fang of ‘foc, Bhp inane meri ave ee wed a fF. 6 ass 2 Them wellig paces in che combustion of lamin pike aed eh ‘non ee a the cle pss safc heat ot Be ea rdnced by te reason. The moles son tha poured ino the ap betwee th mo pes of mt tbe melo. However, most fuels xe carbonaceous (Le omising carbon) mi odie et by reaing with ony poe cto dot odor aon emiie, among tr price Tae eds of typ of cuboaceous Fr, nd le Boks 798 Cooper 6 Ronine Mat Balse Contastca 99 Natal ga the mat corninty wed ypeof aeons sae ies It i or mo avaoe peeing a conti fewer puis thn oer cafvnaces fish Tike 6 shove te composonof ane atl gues om aod th wl. “Ahough al cst piney of mans, te pecs of eer copouns cn be ‘gle Ths cas poles, cane it ean Ot feet earl gases will, [Se off fing ua of es an of peru volume wen bare. AS 2 ‘he vl (od te ct per ui lume) of een stra gases vais 2 we The amen of iat he ser has suey ots apn lume of cee tal ier changes nt compete, Wl be sons: le 61 Cate haa of a pido complet br salem of th “Aaa ad ptr aR shaper he 5 or? Rl ht oe i fit egos to sie me nc eb he sis vwcamer eeyding mf Ui he and lr ene om Chae = = 44615 pale gee Apt Tt Tem ae Rea! we (Comet am ae ya mie aly ane mca cs in Caer “ have tn itn desing with just one pe At a el eing to pro mai [Now hei spain at on te pv cat, er th Alaa as Saline fo eombatioa possi imperunt io any mateal eapecting api CHEN HCO +EN=eOD,4/ILO+EN Gd fan abt poder «wf intodston tte of choy in mean main talons To rake tings snp, cnareous fds wil be ded ity te As with (1, th edt of em” combs we (sve) CO ad 1. nse cox neo on ao pra cme us ‘coma swt lege thom cn oe te abe tse sone ean el ob Th ig in sh ‘Simul ke oye ming male PMO ron wt ce Seip se csr ahr Mase mie tan ae nentoetes STommlpe ae we esse (meer ec ep ma oe _Giy Gi Gh Elly O_O W ‘citi csr Aska mt asia oD, See ypc sot /tee 2 kaye nx wn pou, gis, ad sls, ‘one ace af cas Kil Bimiphn Atdems—t0 50 OS ace p= a0; al fu cn 2 lel aoe Se a a wa wt fe sm te hi i foo nlf Ca Mowsi tet tt ‘Sip 02 pee pac atl ay oe nC of Xeclaifatwa kesh ook = ae Wert omeng pec at aig a mo Miuguawetcbes gis ‘is a Sa aa im Mgnyutlatmnnurceo nie corse ““ Kol sorGespe te Setwints Sa) 290 se > tat aN aap pp po eae fmf are got an an — os il pein NG. Caney a) aa Sm = tm =a, WO +84 +e a + YO.) al ge hoe io 45 ‘vo 1804780 +41 © Saree) Noh Americ Gadus Hao (ok 1 Rent in (197%, Noh Amen Maing ‘Since iis the same stands cubic meter, cetans the sae number of mals; raping Cy Cre Mi bial paiee stu i un sstahncem cease ahd {SUE Asn ele cate a bop eet hi ile oe in100 Chup & Race Motel Blanes rs i pes a rt cee te in sil wel baat th jet Ad T2858 CO, f= le 8+ 10) 10619 at HO = 11. mal 0, Complain te aso ee {ht 4 and omen af aed copy we sail ale Seo Las mia The lore wen dhe 94) So ise fr te Alan ctl a fa iene ote Sehig The ‘Seb! wt aly ho engl cour, ic) wes moe iace fe i yd) al id pring bon mane ee a De (ter gsc ul a derive rom maneicting process, wich ca is teat a high epee vi oxygen od em 0 eld + gs coming varying eet of COy CO, Cy iy CH and Ny The fas some tale tit pots (ah at Has res) in which cece fs ae used may aso Conn po! dea of th moi wh Ba fs vale ad bln be was. Carona gu ak re eter So fu ol a ain come 3 vi yo composes ad cots They costa age nub of yoann eo foonis ant as a wat ae mt wally lynd fr compound pscenage lead tea Ui asning to he poets of he eles conie (ene exits ow mas prc). abn carbo and hye, os ft as conin te lf ih sly brs fon SO, The conven for compte cba fom asm compte crenon of thsi o SO, Whe 2 el same sample 62 Nitra oi MC 1266 nd 20S How many sunnah (Soe wi enon ww Brolin (8) of a with Oe es? be ee ry 6S ‘The enya av hi ey in api ani of mart ae eae 24 tine rank wo ening ulfphing sve io ges dey eco 96 WY Ung he seven oi a pms 1 nbn Sic te fia epi i pan ein wi = et seh em coupon Sey wp te on, (eCHbM 481+ 40, FM =fC0s+5O4K80, 1) 42%, (3) (Thee ex sr ens rele m8 Ot re) Siig 738 pot i ol = ul wich wud y he ts et fx, ope sr ed dig Oa sbi as, es {Ht 0, O00, ember the ars we eons) Long Contin 101 69, fa tp mt he To pn ely te sat gat on nena cs, he at mad pers hype dapoine tas ws te, 68) gh ao 05 elf he “Ona he ers hoe Iai a nme Jo hi a. Ds ate a a he ae gp ype” semen} st a 26 he Soeonese renee ‘gpm ene ct 19 Bes of O; main is 1 gas a iu of do O84. Natpig db 9721 em == 315 Iso Ny a ping nw (4) es aaa of = OT. ‘lout and dns dy of prot ty big fat 26 ene tyne iy he 9 me ft pices ‘leo 158 smd lege psu of bum. Nate ls ‘lat ogm nce cy ay mee pce ba tt ei ir spa i ihe gen, Input ce om ff lb ir ‘hte at or of sid cabonscous fel Wool i said f. Chase so fs. Miner sido od n mony pt ofthe Tid Wr. Ts ook is 2 fee al ater esenive poten uc feng. Howeves, mally ‘aig nie” te oe cages f so and ave moe calor pero) [Sve off rote tp ones wen burn. Miner xtonacoms fal ele “le 62 sows the typical” compotion fs pes of eo. As with fa ci, cnt ae apy Wy element) pret sine tht at cmgsion i ven trove compen than that of tei. However, even th "ukinst”amss of a tl TBs comple destino eke oma eventing ad wp 0 100% te pe ‘eis of "ub Be ad in. The compos of ah can vary as rch a ta ff tore of be col Av coms sy vos exes, emai, Tin, ‘lik msi od oes—tt ont um Yap wen the oo fe, nd soa eth ws te cmbuston proce sone Ih mtn alc Tvs, ash a be sted ee eompone a wal Ie at of expe ha ‘ssn impose gue 0: ks molec mas an. ‘sc of ti bon in ot cok “ne eng th tt chemical tucked to any of he hye, ogni the rl, The uli aro ti Chenicly bees hee eer elements ed oem gaseous compoods when the oa tet nthe set of, ths pro ft conical vole mates, The prowess of devin afte vate te in ly ing in he ence of ai Ca eoking a it pos hr, pros fa elle cole ht const aloe tiey of ed etna ash. Coke ad coke “ee” (he dost ht ames ou of Coke ove) ares extenvely in Bt oases an oa pecans and we wh rowing smeting soe, ample 63 ‘Thea ow gh oof hol pat nee oe an ete oeile dai t Re * : 4 lege aecg2 2 @ | gJeaa ssasa szeea|? . i 1) Else | , 5 *| flsas eases seazale i A a) | g|S* auee2 segaa/s 5 i #] | aleze sageg|2 edie ; a) JH [ses eaeaa azeea)y SElaylose soess angeelf gy /du|fei saae8 90830) a a 2 2 io i | oF | i L Fl 7 More Messe of Pomance 108 fd) he wae of ofa pre vl) Tae) Clee) Tims) Osi cas ats Me hw Cyt Noo rr oe uw 4s soa a 2 ho ts m4 o 8 Ks Sore Be (8) Satay ad Teradn Mao cn by Uy fa ew kp. “is ks rey com ais ely eye, Remeber at te the eS ys nme ein tin cero ‘ta hve ul nestle ah con wl end compe, tt alloca nh ol pot th ove at noun pin eke Ma Big te ans ty 675 aes 6 yo pu Sag a 6 ok (Mbby uamys O02 by cle pre fl pr ne © tO. ving ie eau kr me si alice De wed optic gee opt Sls ly exes at oe beng pans bea (5) ded wih Seg up a sagete 1218S gona OTe ving his qucon pss 640 AS ats wind wp ine t,o 20 eA wate ob be 020 gas of i ef. Dio ‘mtr 15 eve of i eons wea 186 ers ty fs pent. Maing ks wober by 2404 pees 34.25 ‘edhe fag ened porte ceed ase tpt Se Noein a! [MORE MEASURES OF PERFORMANCE. Chanter 4 nua seer measures of perormanc—vays of sang Row wll 2 fees docs wbx it sapped 6a, Ov, sch metsas besome ee8 ae ‘porantwhea spose depends on emi rexioes 0 produce the ied rests ‘Tro more meas of formant epecily apical to eaten Tonk spin al Fi 38 the score for he popsed "sh aco for ie prodcton Tis ime eat 0 he “Rod bed ease” athe Kf ofthe Howser. The104 Chapr 6 Rance Maer snes in in te cnzeats f teaser tl preset 8 part Za). The ea is toed ot” gti al elo ast! o0 20450 “ onee, the agi ft alin song ot of tras sos, ot al te ne resin sch fasion. Sov oft frm ike ai ula) stad: 298-420; % 70804 66 “The sas ig acd to i vapor te sh ete along with eZ, at te reece teu tht the wl bet al noun of $0, the pose 3 which ‘oul fel Be aided. However. il of he 2 hs ected fa est some de [Bendis is cose 10% comeson he phe Cones te ae {ho of ning cena ayn tat reas wo frm some ete epee if ‘tie mle one dei ‘Conversn clon cn be appl 1 a gt om od even i was natin exces. posible, real, © ean he a eran of he oxyen ued to arn th fi en Example 2» COy aod 0. The tem alae ents ed secs esi i aid other th hing act Howe, nt al he 298 pot no te ruse ected © frm he dese pot ‘utZ00, old ence hive some sue of et aw wel te poss wkd 2 proincing x spi dese poe 0 it ca Be improved in he fe. Sock 2 ‘nes i called he dere of completion aoc pls on ing ets in the sem. The degee of compen inh eof he ose woul be the Faction ‘inp ZS wich acted ofan 2, wich wl be clei as Example 6 ample 64 Decne dee campeon of he 28 ming aso i ire 38 (0) he aoa fine pie rast.) he to ZO mene ose, te) soa of ret eine he sr 70 ie ‘Mess pot! wl me (a ome it "Win ig ec ie ts, spa copa gps wh apis. Te ste of teen pms 2 ot eae eee ks 0 TO pine of 80 Ug the mas cen ae of 20 td a80, dh ray le dee of cneion wor wt st le ey ie Ihesnbero ms of enh cngoe nl te el eae se copa. io eed Miying #80 es ey by 726 ang De mdr sof a ee ees 1245-20; ding he ef nse he ce els OOM tn e290, Thee amo ose eins Sheet og 428 + DOTA 4359 em, Dig 428 by 4357 ae Insel 0988, Wishing Bcd 105 WORKING BACKWARD : “Te empl ek with far Bae ll i smth in cameo, sal. da he Spelt ves pros deiemined wha came ou Ta pac, it smetioes eestor ie. le, nisin nthe compan or popes ofa oduct il ci te apt, ring "backward mas Pas, See of te ks fr aking boskward mam tlc are some ovat fom ths sed ging Fer Wa te Base places ae he ae, at wil sn ‘ois ths, pbsk Fg 2 eB rae, To make mates se the opt il 9 be 4 consent coming of 9% pee (RS) and 25% ‘Ml Whom pe sl ws, sed far beat 4695; +10, ~ 20, +80, on wows he the il tha sre of th rite might ect 1 fom fri su i sia BFS; 4 70, =Fe{SO4 +80 6) “To ep tection fo happening cagh exes nr nets be lw ino he sete hsp te wm peetge af $0 nthe oF a low 66, Ta tsk 0 figure ot how much a tat “The slton srs ith wen th sae Lind of enton as ei [aFeS, +05i0, +1605 +N) [Fe0s +0SI0314V0,+EN, +8031 6) Nor tn is egton wes te patie of ig sme siping ven the cae “Tos with there tm pon i ting more os Wa for lc, since i Te comport pest nl cs pt nd one opens The Sets fr open Or clave single lost shoul so be spurt = 2g = 2. (Oe ting i msg, hoever—a ts. ‘The cic of hs cul be a cece moon of pie cmcenaie-one ae, fr example. Bat ce problem could te ‘Shed jt a easly by nrkingbuskvar, string with 63 kpmbl of SO: in he ef as Ts he abnaeof ein th tol Ke mol of fs f+) eal to 10, and tins df= 10 63-=98 7. Knowing gol 31 lr ce) ming ks eet 135 Gro sc). Now a balance as Be dead 1582Y+2-63 c= s+ 866 eo “Tanks the cometion fo te compaston ofa, ¢= 2179): i was jut shows from the crposton fo that f= 987d Satis ase back io (00,106 Chap § Rayne Maer Bess a 2 dns a3 ny Sulvng, 4=8087 Keo of inode nope; dvidng ti by 079 cleaos al ys a pr3.15 kgs of pete Mpying the 3.15 gma oF pyle by ts woleclr mas (1998) and ving by i mus ft in the ener tie (075) cles a ckcaclaed S089 hlogrns of cones fed to the rma pr 100 Ep-nol of fF zs ofa. Dig the voune of si consuned by then of oot od rons he ar eement per nah of cons ‘Ths ean ten be nero any er bs deed ising itch concep of wexking ockvard l' ry meting ite sre complicate ample 65 To sd mos of Wr ae mal wh 10 of gn sat nd Iowa mone por Wher gs me a oe te ‘ing nso i ita efi cong amg cre (8) a sen ‘ae. One ded porn cameioe bh he Wand il ae ‘hl cee ot ero cor nh fn of ur eet, erie) he of ve ed he ur mora) he ae fon of WC ie Teepe eb my top OW EACH Eek EWC HEMET HE eH) GID “is ran wii fit rele om. Rght mi pets oink Te lhe ena 0 of WH hgh cnet wi i wus ‘Sl 46:10 hil ene unr The ne at ug ‘lea CR te unites et Atte spect st ne eas ‘ssh ne cmc, 10 ge of Sn atTk cma rane | ‘ton (05 ma) and eg npn (02 mal dns ewig 8 ni $n tps (0520 HON + EUE EI) “hs sy ene ese wi ee nag ag ‘lone a rate dan compan am ss bt er oe is tg no 0 2, w= U8H6 Od =m O08. Sic ee ot tad sole pose ee emir Ye rata ae he scr ea WF, Wat WE apr tase, MC, a Sohn, Maat 0 tua mii fbb ne ph Frere, "evoke (th Sele) of byoen WH, sen een The Ube of Lakes 107 alt pmol, om Wi, OS ie WH, ‘Ths mks pga 0 22 mal of ope, Steg wp a ype bl, 0385.6 2.522= 0081+ ay Soviet tbe 528 if ee yma a ey a tothe ge may le vie ale ura" foe” he ‘sun wih wi eee fer te comes) Now tours eri ac of he cmon a, sing (1 Kain to oles fate a ngs oe ma fora ssn cn et pie se Cape demons a Tis cet he fy ye at be 89 ml of WC a ¢ ps 1 tol WC. Theme of WC are 6 The poi my hs eal i pal wk me ove: ss fucking le eeing ov si eer em fe ool tec Tee rad vole rae fe Wal pu mite led te be ilies of Some mel eu th th 10 of WT, at ak ‘olin ro, re now ave bana sero spe, ws ‘THE USE OF LEDGERS Fe 62s schematic dvsing feof them mse an empleo ll mat as rose este, a anon” nasal echnigaes woul! oe can ide wit the eypstay to Beso fein witht liste a ast ama for the mle ig on cel spin he seeing proces. Tis ston il ‘doch oon snide ance rhs hs fae. Ashe ge nsf poe stems er he st unace—an oe conn ing i oie eke, fc nosing mos of estas, and Has a, somstines en fied wth tm oygen Ts poss teams rep gs, slog, a hr met ‘The ting of ck by the Mast sr tthe taf he furace gees carbon en ‘te, ie rede tc hee Inthe ore Tower” one, sch 8 mapa {FeO an waste (ugly FeO). Unbart ern in eco aes the wise © Tid om, Inpariics een wih he te (sch a5 sca and sl rect wi te Time in he Aa to fora ein slg, wht on tho be ppd ram te Funan ‘cada The tpg, hich oss ms CO, COs bd othe Ms a i tamed ep ee inaing Hass an thn sent ot hs. The action 0 the seman 62th nd oe heal actions shows engl whee they tk pee. “Tk 63 ives he pel” ayes of te seams ptt iste. There ae actly pes fr, Ser 8 natal ocurig chunks of minal ahve108 Chapter 6 Renate Maral Bones sivtre ton a‘ i 0-99 | a a tac, = a0 = foec0-F4s00, bts s aio LSeaioe! iat rtm eR A soil ‘siting Pree MSAK mck gute” we eae under oirng enon at eptture jutlow tt ring pint Palette rm en nch sl ss of miners ich ave hen a Ul suck gether with hema nds so ted wl ey sexe. Theo frm which pelt ae mae otis ch sia, otis ecesay torah tin fie pists cesta Pelle are mich moe commin sors of hasten Ui Ses st amass. An atonal aati ot tee the mnt of ted pel ich nls theming fread sige npr seam “ere sl we es fu. Lesions cowie mony of calm cont, ich when ted ie off eel of CO, earng Behind CxO. Dott ao Cris cls eon Bt ae has Ie prctige of magnet, MDs, Mages li eps, whee esd, ito COs sd Me. Linen seer p= fogs a fu, bt dla ie mor widely ale and fen cep. The ake sling procera dcsod previo, lng wih the cpt and conyenons ‘ho fri Al of he soi rico a at sca and in, mab ‘hly 2 ew pret war a el "The pole il elo ish from Y. Kesne Ro’ Sliomery and Themodyanics of Meir Proceen, a god seuce for sar pe of ‘murbaanos poems, Real toe ors few mites: ‘iby 3 AO 1% MO), a 4.4% 10. The oe regu ae 1.6 ots per The Use of Logos 109 ome pg ito ma. The io campo i 93.7% Fe, 398 C12 Mak Emr Se an elo hslpFe. Ts ck #58 C, 108 SO, I ALO, tn 8 FS. Te leone cnn Swamper i oe ma ‘Sonne 9735 ay 15 MgC, sd 16 SD The lane fp pe STP it HON ger me fom ce cn a te fae The pt ae 25% CO, 1350 0 4 10a 575% Ny. oa foe a) ae thecompsn oh mde al (tein a oft gu tome Ho pode Belov it fmt, pacing mati process sve probes He thi all be time a thy ately vet al wither verso fh, ince hey my te ain hth ster ad pals (ed a we a mond), dlrate as well Tams; hy ny bs ing fel or mre a lng wi te ati ise some ofthc sn pos enriching he yn eel ae sa as wel, ‘The comple rev of fer the lg pen ins problem des os ea iy some fll staly hve ba “signa” the ht tal. aly, on ‘fen coin lal cides sich s NiO and KO, which en sroly mes p ‘ns force nd vet enfly vated Tee won't be lade sas alae, ite ee GR Fa WR FAO, MSN C00, HE C00, TH C HR RO! 98-50," 1A McD, ALIN pCO, 35% So, ASE SD, 0 GO GPR RAO), DUE RaOy 25% ALO, 6% Cah OSH ALO, 56 -MO, OSE SO, L3H RS 16 MeO G48 40 . on Meo 01% BO, GOH FO, ss HO 286 HO ‘Toe ey whe cod vith a ge rite mor pais ad thik ou som fh giles down in Capers 3a. The st tpi aig wih ‘tishnn in Fgee 63-1 comple abet. ‘The hie te pole te ein Pat i x eveything known abot the syste and ag vale aes to not sv known, Is povs the opparanty tS te conpones we ‘ein the mal une Sve jt severing yo it te Ha uae ‘et i fel oHeak te sem don a sipe smelt ae ‘hn wag spur out compose. (By th wa, Hei he ie compo ews, or ace)110 Ghul 6 Rese Mate Bones oer Boe oan Ear een ae ey i SS in ORES co whee ae sxe Se aaa, i en ( S ae sees [ gS e tho i Ass ie ne at oe ving ged nt wn’ sing in sad what ong ot, he wet stp gt Be tory to sti tan up aa cher eatin 1 Woal Tok ike this UyFe +n SAMOS KALE RHE RO) 2 HC Hell ee S+ gFe+ 454601 HUCK + HME +1814 60) $104 4H +N mine + n.C+ pS bl lyfe aCe be Sit a AL gS iMate 014594 10+ AH AN +601 as) ch vals separ id, ith ft ote hat iste parr seam, tnd aces eer denying de element SU seems that my be ally tnt w hep tack of everying lath pation A her Uoobecing se i ended "ble 6 shows ch a ookasplag setup forme complex sates I ks | tke an comma eget, th’ bse tt Ths sets called mas a consti in ame plo, ed he lina deronstatn of why is is fo. The cw in hr gr reps varus ast-furace steams, with ipa The US of gs 11 (Ua = Kol pT Fe tw) AG MS © HON hho oO DOR RO bok fo ok Oo go @ 4 0 8 ge 0 gO oo ooo FO a a ee ee ee sams at he tp Spars om out seams ate btom. The ine # ws an flere tlc means hat he ealunns wl epee te deen eens inte ‘sem, Variable names presen he munber of mos f each element ita eo ‘Som fon elemen epee pu sean, pew aan ins. Te te basal ol ihe ising mers ‘tase hon in th pblem semen, naely ome mate eof i oa profiad Th lg ua it oben ale ocr op th als for Be "i, tron” vies hn fe an. This enon peal 1000-0937 SST Siar equine he er rable in th pig ie: p,=3.247, p= 0218, ‘pn OAD The satin of the oe egienen er tae of pig ion Git as eae easumpin a Chapter) es ws do th sane hing fer is ste 1920-079 > le7P8 pes Fe y 2 18007 kp mols Fe i) ‘Saige yh flo he ame gph andthe nb of Lema of oxygen in te ow canbe dete by aig th bought in by the ote cna una nsahoe2acehea thy om “The sane appoch ars 1 eliminate vibes susie withthe Knee, Size its costo er ae of fg ons ves ‘The poem ao sts the yl of op 28 pr mec on of re hed 1 the funace. To gt he moar per ane of ig ion mas, this is maple by 182, the died hy 22414 wpe he aero tad cae mee of wp 2 (IM 8) reel fr the pr she Given hs, tise be ede tcl the wales for112 Chapter 6 Renee Mal Boss the vals ia the “wp geo he ger set, Remember ha gu composts 1 svn by volume pce, tht ke Bl fr moles of ons, nik os oF oles Te sows vit he erat ok ite afer ding lh iow iti be wef ost ooking ous te ledger or anyone ogan, cec-anoon slim, Sas eno hese Some It ex to solve imei fee bot 6.90 kp Hané G24 kp N), Since he ist ir oss e tipo M0 Opn Ny nd sine he OI ao ul 217, sling or Bp Lg gy 2th nepeee yen Mowe porate pero aot, sos or = (48 + Soar 494) —7332 blo abo in he coke Moliping by Ge sonic mass Ai eu od diag by O88 cleats 1007 cobs pe me ofp. poo end ote of the tees oon mbes). Now slon can be on for the oer ries inthe coke: G—AEeOIIh = 106, = 0196, esr, +13e,)= 3624, Lo sod bell sft sole for i the sag. ‘Bia be ae process mans a eid al he emsinng sons tre one aguion oneal. The shies of he cpus nthe sg {io tnown from be ows in Fig. 63, allowing Set clon of the uber of tks of each compo =n = 138 bps fe =tyun = 0195 be ale S.=hyyy, 4911 beads Jo hag = 15 Heals y= mos = kp 1,5 hg = 089 kos oo = 5. —5, = 4757 hols Mating these byte cus eases and ing int he Ya gine he mast Aaa peered an is compost; hs exer st he ee TA gh be supeced. soon of is see ae inceinghy perfor by compmer. Honcvec compte nebo Suu Bve now of knowing ‘th aales retort tan Obes, o which to ignore fa sya i Shengered Ava ea th sl fn engine ith a working know of how lng trl tes ene i rable Noweve i cnet move pet counts wih ons of hans, we sou Fas tae Swe114 Chapter 6 Raacve Mati Babross PROBLEMS: 1. ie hs ioc erin i sal 63, ct em of pa in he ti pr eo al ip nf we Os od ley Wee ike pl ht sey ew prin. 2. Te Gen Cena Ar A is aes ve 30 mae a 0 of 5 tne 80) posi sec er are tan combate wh Eee see os ht aga ow pas per tn orp Te ca of tein nye ne NO, woe iy ale the pcm ofS, 0, neti) °2 Deere th woe of wd ac ma fy id comply smb Ceca te exc f-ing wl ps ose om e61). Pes ecco: xsi, aa ew ons sich ih te we a) 4. Deri eu of hic te a 30°C 0% eae ui ne a> ‘ac pcre) ga noel ela oe Sinn emt "Nath So (peter fh Psmin cite cmt, ene net gs Cc te amber of su of ye ace comply ena ae ‘het of vist oom nl 2) ang 2 eas a Dee 4 Ain ere ng iting om No, 2 fl 3% C1238 H, O28 S ‘psc ey O55 oe she Na 6 GHA C, SAH O78 0,038 WO H, TS ae EOL). Neer Pred wa es a ese yh le Ib roplies 1 ay wht oot mle se rene ecm "of ll ued tg opera mae wi 17. Wteo Noi bar ih se cme abt a 12590 Coy 10a HO, 02680, 055 Oa 4726 Ny, Asaing a he {a Teams he = (8) Tepe ce a ed aig “Ro snp ans 722% C SOR, 22080, LAVRN, L428, 149% HO. nd "5% a tee i ed Tem i esa omg ‘Mrandan tbo 959% of he rig sf ecm Deerne {2 Te ve fa 28K nd 2b eae pose we er liga of (0 Tacoma ans eo (0) Thm tor un ac if gue ure 9. Chap ter quate 7 Cog Alm = 0.0685 of = (OP 10 el wad omc a biel of 5 nd a Ue ma af IS 74H H, 206 0, 09% Nand O26 Sis mse i (hes yt ped hn alin smb ane, Wh ele fut CTF 16 te le msm ne ose ae pes 10, An li emesis pap eon costo.) +5194 3510.19 = 30.8040 + 50442709 “Te pie sng in te ig se Gn eat ae C0), CS, Si, “hse es ge etc bea Potions 118: name eon xb the ag ns 208156 Ca 360% 90". Te ely of Cn emt Pp obey em, (a) Teng te 1 Thee act (6 Te ec Pay dnd per CaP.) cap fe res (6 Temes af CO tae er of Ci re he ee. (0) Te dee of clin fe rie “HLA te oc 8b pie (AVON, 6 Hema, 4 wie, ad 2% me (0). Hse wv desna nk pt of be Boe pres, te sn rt ‘stam ste ete at we NAOH in fem wa a lle hum tin (AIG. Te ee rms wae al led mt le ‘ae uta alt hae Theol ns cots nse volo hc (Na:AS0,9-9H0) male im tins, sede lal ee tee si ale te ste win op in oa, ay of he Im hows he py oi 21 ee 2% “i tad tt wid ‘Sele rm um nt) "Nh wan vg he des ent hs {INAOUARO; auton o 1 (The wal eae ae Shon np lore ues ise) (6) Whar te pce cneno fn he (6) Rated on ole anes fe ai eo wt et es NA sie we ot (@) Thr an et sh shies Sve ne wlan shit uel ese br te ns cna sh ha fete, Wht acon e sno a ee edo re” (eT stan alo tans my ow ech a eee ef 01 tin eed pr ne of soi at cu see on he Bie ig st 1 Ans of ile we ese awn apo SL, 7908, 105% Ni O46 Ca 1488 AL OE Band 287% Se eee a actly ps he i a pe is ron free: Li, Hs NO, C0, ALO e050, Ta eine pedo war wc sone asa (@) Dowie pera Ls ito ed ‘Sy gran of oa ptt oer sti ih tn il ith ion ‘ting 0.071 ese dole sam cbt (Aue te le ge ty ‘rs epg) Ts aon ar the th et heii ne Pode ihe as non lot saan ne ee Mt bh. Te trey ts te lan 836, Desi (Te concen Lim NI (aoe rhe eign, (0) Te pce ec meted sen es. “Sle (SH) a mei inde (GNI, ps we tl in» 12S wake i wa ‘ea Th oth ling mac aes pow ang 2 cn ‘eNom xt), an seas gs, mmo), nt mtn (CH. (Wj gay of om st espe pr a i me116 Cher 6 Rate Masa Babes (0 thea ws tot al ep pate SN an ic ec a inxs any wh pe? (o Dire amas et. 14 Stcon ence SCL) rap ad wih ammo (NE) ich sat wt ihe Se eps sen nis owen HL ae. To ed ee ee 1 fen a 0 pune pert ps mitre wie ase Cab Be evel pdt tf se pow ens 15, Sete (CWO) is at °C wh aig ams of sofa exes NHCO}) {Spc ne (01 eto die, a aes om nse, 09) Te Teno teenie sets scone een vas wit he tno ‘Sicha el eh ct we lb Sr |» Fart eee ein {Te oc ce of en i easing oes, {0 lca feos) he et ste at Be ner Nusrat rasa. 16: manpage ds ps eine pa (80,21, am lee The Go (Roms £408 pu, SSP eee (80) ae ami eich mete a amy 24% pam 33.2% et crane emg range ay l | Se) a T 1 Semaeten | ‘separator =x! (me ae Sac Tam 5.0. oui. ss eae Mal Se eSigce W7eig to cstan Pron 117 1 eae ad he Proc coms 11% ypu, 4.7 clei a ‘te emis ee. Te sel alee he etn a ree a ‘ihe ei fre Cu S00 ome. Determine rei fee Ciel poet ol gp et an cd age fpr rb el ros vl “Peter oe (0) ine wich ale epee we te ‘cus for bo ee (8,0) ak cto soe. Whe Oe econ Be, ‘nd od es E36 BC 70 Ban vein se Deane (a) The pos ec at din pad ate 1) The doe comple te aon, suming at he ous pe as of paw. (cave the hema fal gt aaa) ee ope ez a ‘sian ig (0% 0 150 Fe, (3 GD, TPEALO, 4580, (pars 02.0 5), an 29% ec cae com sober ae ets he in xt oie ete Cran Fein al. A eerie (Sem (C9 cre cn ht we make Ae en fb 50 by coke 954i oe FO yh ke ‘cabin ia te ay 1.9% Si ine aly (rac ye cae) 206 Sin te ag (We: The pec ate ear, coke a wp 100. Te ten Sn of wr wile hep I aint he CO, Hae He els, poses a es eine sea: te at as a ‘ou culo lt fled “18. The pantheistic au P.2) eps Ho ene 20 Ah ot ete ee mel ome The bye he emi ie ae fest ed tee emit ease The fe a, se ea ret COs blip Sexes of 25% me he Al ew opr nerdy the eon acne ‘Sorel tye top. Ther Ro Bf ariel tse Gs ami ed compo of he pre sean, (Mis: Mike nee lss fe (Cydebot, da cet ae cen) 2 The cae few Aa face as 98 exon, 28 tog. ws red bya (sing re om Whi he scam I tpn (CHS, 3 hl amans 1S Ken of tire (I) an pn ewe ope pre (ke mu (ng yc inet os hag, dei seme xe] ‘Whats ais th na yt te aig oes? 2, Ace oen i fl cal extaing 725 ct, 50% H, 786 0, 17% N, O88 8, ad Tee ah Taig poser mans einen ado, HO fe gen, ‘sth te as ae tot feat ot dog ecole ees a 156 a ‘ta mie mr ere. Romer soit aad skeen) What ee "2% Awe pe cb ane wh ne es da he seonety ed eso dy ate pre rw dy i CO, Oy,