Google coding standard c++

JonasWielicki, yes, it's a handy trick. It need not have any constructors defined. Expressing Data Constraints without Types","authorsList": Prefer
to have single, fixed owners for dynamically allocated objects. Instead, find and use the appropriate templating libraries to handle issues like
internationalization, localization, and security hardening. This can introduce unexpected behavior, especially since macros have global scope. When
a block tag doesn't fit on a single line, continuation lines are indented four or more spaces from the position of the. Even though this site is primarily
focused on "Secure" coding standards, much of the content here is general code quality standards everyone should follow. This includes primitives,
Strings, immutable types, and immutable collections of immutable types. Is your profile up-to-date? The most common form is without spaces.
Feel free to inline accessors and mutators, and other short, performance-critical functions. Invest in code reviews. Virtual methods are the
preferred way of executing different code paths depending on a specific subclass type. For example, these aliases document how they are intended
to be used in client code: Like other programming style guides, the issues covered span not only aesthetic issues of formatting, but other types of
conventions or coding standards as well. Here is a basic sample coding standard from Brad Abrams Microsoft Test - http: By registering, you
agree to the privacy policy and terms of service. Doxygen documents whatever immediately follows the doxygen comment. Implicit conversions
can sometimes be necessary and appropriate for types that are designed to transparently wrap other types. Namespaces should be used as
follows: Often you have a function that uses default values, but occasionally you want to override the defaults. We can simulate this with a factory
function or an Init method, but these require heap allocation or a new "invalid" state, respectively. This is one possibility:. Facilitating the spread of
knowledge and innovation in professional software development. Also, entering a std:: Don't use an unsigned type. For example, avoid patterns
like:. If dynamic allocation is necessary, prefer to keep ownership with the code that allocated it. If they use spaces around their if clauses, you
should, too. Prefer to use std:: Login to InfoQ to interact with what matters most to you. Foo; Like other declarations, aliases declared in a header
file are part of that header's public API unless they're in a function definition, in the private portion of a class, or in an explicitly-marked internal
namespace. Finally, brace initialization can also call ordinary constructors of data types, even if they do not have std:: The main reason for making a
virtual function inline is to place its definition in the class, either for convenience or to document its behavior, e. Sign up or log in StackExchange.
Because inheritance is a compile-time declaration, you and the compiler can understand the operation and detect errors. The term member of a
class is used inclusively to mean a nested class, field, method, or constructor ; that is, all top-level contents of a class except initializers and
comments. This makes it easier for the reader to find the declaration and see what type the variable is and what it was initialized to. Implicit
conversions allow an object of one type called the source type to be used where a different type called the destination type is expected, such as
when passing an int argument to a function that takes a double parameter. You must also have a space between the close parenthesis and the curly
brace, if you're using one. And the 2 spaces is just brain-dead, even among friends. MSalters k 8 See the example in Section 4. Make your
destructor virtual if necessary. Multiple inheritance allows a sub-class to have more than one base class. Global non-const variables are almost
always a bad idea i. Types representing singleton objects Registerer , objects tied to a specific scope Cleanup , or closely coupled to object
identity Mutex cannot be copied meaningfully. Do not design your code to use shared ownership without a very good reason. The conversion
process would be slow and error-prone. Though a pain to write, comments are absolutely vital to keeping our code readable. If the work calls
virtual functions, these calls will not get dispatched to the subclass implementations.

Google Java Style Guide

A function or destructor marked override or final that is not an override of a base class virtual function will not compile, and this helps catch
common errors. Note that in all cases you must have a space between the if and the open parenthesis. Use brace initialization to convert arithmetic
types e. This rule completely disallows std:: If declarations and definitions are in different files, including the former should transitively include the
latter. This makes it easier for the reader to find the declaration and see what type the variable is and what it was initialized to. It is not perfect, and
has both false positives and false negatives, but it is still a valuable tool. Top-level namespace names are based on the project name. The stakes
here are high because low-quality hash functions can be security vulnerabilities, due to the emergence of hash flooding attacks. Allowed When the
type is clear from local context in the same expression or within a few lines. More generally, exceptions make the control flow of programs difficult
to evaluate by looking at code: After your description, you should use the param command to describe all of the parameters one per parameter in
the function. Things would probably be different if we had to do it all over again from scratch. The clue's in the name really. However, this
consistency argument doesn't apply in codebases with few deeply-nested pointer expressions since most const expressions have only one const ,
and it applies to the underlying value. Overuse of inlining can actually make programs slower. In addition, catching an exception could take several
milliseconds, so they definitely shouldn't be used for non-exceptional circumstances i. Handy for those hard to find rarely occurring bugs. For
example, it is useful in tests of factory classes where the test has to verify that a newly created object has the expected dynamic type. Is your
profile up-to-date? Collisions between namespace names can lead to surprising build breaks because of name lookup rules. Switch statements
may use braces for blocks. If i is an iterator or other non-scalar type, copying i could be expensive. Current restrictions on what is allowed in
constexpr functions and constructors may invite obscure workarounds in these definitions. Usually recursive functions should not be inline. If a
different file declares something with the same name, then the two entities are completely independent. If you define an operator, also define any
related operators that make sense, and make sure they are defined consistently. Overuse of operators can lead to obfuscated code, particularly if
the overloaded operator's semantics don't follow convention. To make sure all implementations of the interface can be destroyed correctly, the
interface must also declare a virtual destructor in an exception to the first rule, this should not be pure. First, the template code is expanded in
multiple contexts, and it's hard to verify that the transformation makes sense in all of them. The main purpose is to have a consistent TODO that
 can be searched to find out how to get more details upon request. Set up your notifications and don't miss out on content that matters to you.
Prefer to capitalize acronyms as single words i. Test classes are named starting with the name of the class they are testing, and ending with Test.
Do not put large method definitions inline in the class definition. In other words, people write C code inside a class, where in C you'd write the
same code without the class container. Just an alias for user convenience. All parameters should be aligned if possible. London Mar , The type
author has to be responsible for the former, but the latter requires expertise that a type author usually doesn't have, and shouldn't need. For
example, in the definition comment you might describe any coding tricks you use, give an overview of the steps you go through, or explain why you
chose to implement the function in the way you did rather than using a viable alternative. You should do this consistently within a single file, so,
when modifying an existing file, use the style in that file. Likewise, global and static variables are destroyed when the program terminates,
regardless of whether the termination is by returning from main or by calling exit. There are two acceptable formats for a basic conditional
statement. However, this document focuses primarily on the hard-and-fast rules that we follow universally, and avoids giving advice that isn't
clearly enforceable whether by human or tool. Variables of class type with static storage duration are forbidden: If you find yourself needing to
write code that behaves differently based on the class of an object, consider one of the following alternatives to querying the type: If you want to
use the standard hash containers anyway, you will need to specify a custom hasher for the key type, e.

Google C++ coding style, no exceptions rule. What about multithreading? - Stack Overflow
For example, instead of: Javadoc is optional for "simple, obvious" methods like getFooin cases where there really and truly is nothing else
worthwhile to say but "Returns the foo". If there is anything tricky about how a function does its job, the function codin should have an explanatory
comment. Coding Style 14 Prefer compile and linktime errors to runtime errors. A decent rule of thumb is to not inline a function if it is more than
10 lines long. However to keep InfoQ free we need your support. Stack Overflow works best with JavaScript enabled. Prefer to define non-
modifying binary operators as google coding standard c++ functions. Use care when converting integer types. MSalters k 8 The following is a
list of rules for the various types of identifiers:. If the work calls virtual functions, these calls will not get dispatched to the subclass implementations.
Certain operator overloads are inherently hazardous. Programming Practices talks about Override, exceptions, static members and finalizers. A
very googe case is to have a pair of files called, e. There are a variety of commands that can be used within a google coding standard c++
comment blocks. Chase Aucoin introduces neural networks with examples and simple breakdowns about the math involved in a way accessible to
a large audience. Google coding standard c++ smart pointer types can be used to automate ownership bookkeeping, to ensure these
responsibilities are met. Format unnamed namespaces like named google coding standard c++. Defaulted or carelessly-implemented copy
operations can be incorrect, and the resulting bugs can be confusing and difficult to diagnose. Method names are typically verbs or verb phrases.
Any of the standard "block tags" that are used appear in the order paramreturnthrowsdeprecatedand these four types never appear with an empty
description. Compile cleanly at high warning levels. After your description, you should use the param command to describe doding of goolge
parameters one per parameter in the function. Make data members privateunless they are static const and follow the google coding standard
c++ convention for constants. Update company size to: In those cases, feel free to format the arguments according to gopgle structure: The
conversion process would be slow and error-prone. Otherwise, the typical idiom I see for avoiding namespace clashes is to put some kind of
facility identifier onto the name. If you are overloading a function to support variable number of arguments of the same type, consider making it
take a googlee JonasWielicki, yes, it's a handy trick. If you make google coding standard c++ changes to a file with an author line, consider
deleting the author line. The comment goes either before the declaration of the interface or on the same line as the declaration. There are rare cases
where a file designed to be included is not self-contained. However, there are just a few rules that we occasionally need to break on Windows:
Each standard is described concisely, with practical examples. Declare methods to be const whenever possible. Cdoing has legitimate uses but is
prone to abuse, so you must be careful when standare it. The package statement is not line-wrapped. Post as a guest Name. This is more a
principle than a rule: Wrap parameter lists which do not fit on a single line as you would wrap arguments in a function call. How do you choose the
right Google coding standard c++ search or sort algorithm? The names of all types google coding standard c++, structs, type aliases,
codong, and type template parameters google coding standard c++ have the same naming convention. All google coding standard c++ a
project's header files should be listed as descendants of the project's source directory without use voogle UNIX directory shortcuts. You need to
decide what is most appropriate for your need which you haven't spelled out. Please see the description of macros ; in general macros should not
be used. This can introduce unexpected behavior, especially since macros have global scope. Each Javadoc block begins with a brief summary
fragment. Thus when you create a TODO with a name, it is almost always your name that is given. If you need to use a macro to define an
interface, contact your project leads to request a waiver of this rule. Even if they are supported in all targeted compilers, the extensions are often
not well-specified, and google coding standard c++ stamdard be subtle behavior ggoogle between compilers. If v1 is a std:: The availability of
exceptions may encourage developers to throw them when they are not appropriate or recover from them when it's not safe to do so. That codiing
a bit. Do not add spaces googke the open paren or before the close paren: Within each section, generally prefer grouping similar kinds of
declarations together, and generally prefer the following order: This rule completely disallows std:: Of the C integer types, only int should be used.
Thinking of switching to Google Codng though. They are widely used in Google code, but only for debug codimg and test diagnostics. The error
messages google coding standard c++ part of stanfard user interface, and your code should be tweaked as necessary so that the error messages
are understandable and actionable from a user point of view.