Professional Documents
Culture Documents
N SC Weibull Exp Corr Sir Based
N SC Weibull Exp Corr Sir Based
Abstract A performance analysis of a multi-branch SC multi-branch SIR-based SC with correlated fading, for both
based on the signal to interference ratio (SIR) over desired and interfered signals at the inputs.
exponentially correlated Weibull fading channels is main To simplify analysis, the diversity branches are usually
contribution of this paper. SIR based selection diversity is a assumed to be uncorrelated and independent identically
very efficient technique that reduces fading and interference distributed. However, branch correlation and no-identically
influence. In the case when the desired and interfered signal distributing will reduce the achievable diversity gain and,
envelopes experiences the exponentially correlated Weibull therefore, the uncorrelated and independent identically
fading, very useful expressions are obtained. In addition, for distributed branch assumption gives an optimistic result.
the balanced and unbalanced Weibull fading channel, the The analysis of correlative Weibull fading channel based
numerical results and their graphics represents the effects of on signal to interference ratio performance is main
fading severity and correlation on the system performance. contribution of this paper.
Keywords diversity systems, exponential correlation,
interference, multivariate Weibull distribution, SIR and II. The SIR-based analysis of Multivariate Weibull Fading
selection combining. Channel with Exponential Correlation
We consider selection combining operating in a Weibull
I. INTRODUCTION fading environment in the presentence of interference. The
There are various techniques for reducing fading effect assumption that the desired and interfered signals have to be
and influence of co-channel interference. Diversity reception a random Weibull distributed amplitudes [8] given by
is an effective and very simple technique that exploits the R
1
principle of providing the receiver with multiple faded p Z R R e
replicas of the same information bearing signal [2]. The goal Several fading correlation models have been proposed
of diversity techniques is to increase channel capacity and to and used for the performance analysis of various wireless
upgrade transmission reliability without increasing systems, corresponding to specific modulation techniques,
transmission power and bandwidth. Space diversity is an detection, and diversity combining scenarios. One of the most
efficient method for amelioration systems quality-of-service frequently used models is exponential correlation one, which
(QoS) when multiple receiver antennas are used [1]. There has been first addressed by Aalo in [5, Sec. II.B]. This model
are several principal types of combining techniques and corresponds to the scenario of multichannel reception from
division can be generally performed by their dependence on equal-spaced diversity antennas among the pairs of combined
complexity restriction put on the communication system and signals decays as the spacing between antennas increases [1].
amount of channel state information available at the receiver. In this work, these models should been considered for more
One of the least complicated combining methods is selection accurate statistical description of fading providing more
combining (SC). Combining techniques like equal gain reasonable conclusions than independent ones.
combining (EGC) and maximal ratio combining (MRC) Joint probability density function can be described similar
require all or some of the amount of the channel state [5, p. 3611] in closed form as
information of received signal.
In general, selection combining, assuming that noise p r
Z
1
( 1 ) L 1
L
l 1 l
l
rl
l 1
L L 1i1 2 i1 k1
p t
2 L
l 1 l t l1 l 1 l l
i k t 1 2
( 2 i1 k 1 ) 1 2 i1 k1 1
1 2
1 t1
( 1 ) 2 ( L 1 ) L 1 S
i1 ,i2 ,...,i L 1 0 i !2 k l !2 1 2 lL1 il kl
l 1 l 1
S1
k1 ,k 2 ,...,k L 1 0
1 il 1 il 2 il 1 il kl 1 kl
L 1 2 il 1 il kl 1 kl t l 2 l 2
1
( 2 il 1 il k l 1 k l ) l 1 tl
S
l 2 1 l
Sl
1i L 1 2 i L 1 k L 1
L 2 L 2
2 i L 1 k L 1 t L 1 t L
( 2 i L 1 k L 1 ) 1 (2.8)
S SL
L
1 2 L
P ... p t 1 , t 2 ,..., t L dt1 dt 2 ...dt L
0
0
0
L fold
1 2 L 1
L L i k 1i1
l 1 l l 1 l l 1 2 1 2
( 2 i1 k 1 ) 1 2 i1 k1 2 F1 1 i1 ,2 i1 k 1 ,2 i1 , 1 1
L 1 L S 1
i1 ,i2 ,...,iL 1 0
k1 ,k 2 ,...,k L 1 0
l 1 il !2 k l ! 2 1 2l 1il kl S1
1il 1 il
2 il 1 il kl 1 kl
L 1
1 l l 2 l 2
( 2 il 1 il k l 1 k l ) l
2 F1 1 il 1 il ,2 il 1 il k l 1 k l ,2 il 1 il ,
l 2 1 Sl S l
1i L 1
L 2 L 2
( 2 i L 1 k L 1 ) 1 2 iL 1 k L 1 2 F1 1 i L 1 ,2 i L 1 k L 1 ,2 i L 1 , L L (2.9)
SL S L
III. Outage Probability environment, Pout is defined as the probability of failing to
achieve a specified SIR value sufficient for satisfactory
One of the most frequently used performance measure reception. Therefore, the outage probability is simplifying
for diversity systems operating in fading environments is the CDF of the output SIR evaluated at .
the outage probability Pout . The outage probability is an
important statistical measure to access the quality of service Pout PR ( ) p (t )dt P ( ) (3.1)
provided by the system. In the interference limited 0
The outage probability depends of correlation
coefficient, fading parameter and average SIR per branch.
The cumulative distribution function of output SIR
which expression is given in (3.2) can be derived from (2.8)
by equating variables 1 2 ... L , and the
probability density function can be derived by
differentiating CDF as follows
dP (t )
p (t )
dt
Hence, we could use expression for the probability
density function given in (3.3).
i1 i2 k1 k 2 1 i1
( 1 )2 2 i1 k1
t 2 2 t 2 2
P3 SC ( t ) 2 F1 1 i1 ,2 i1 k1 ,2 i1 ,
( 1 )2 i1 ,i2 ,k1 ,k2 0 1 i1! k1! ( 1 i1 ) S1 S
1
1i1 i2
( 2 i1 i2 k1 k2 )
t 2 2 t 2 2
2 F1 1 i1 i2 ,2 i1 i2 k1 k2 ,2 i1 i2 , S
i1! i2 ! k1! k2 !( 1 i1 i2 ) S2
2
1i2
( 2 i2 k2 )
t 3 2 t 3 2
2 F1 1 i2 ,2 i2 k2 ,2 i2 , S (3.2)
i2 ! k2 !( 1 i2 ) S3
3
1 i i2 k1 k 2 i i k1 k1
1 2 1 2 1 2 3
( 2 i1 i 2 )( 2 i1 i 2 k 1 k 2 )( 2 k 1 k 2 ) 1 t 1 2 1 t 2 2 1 t 3 2
p3 SC ( t ) t2
1 2 2S 1 S 2 S 3 i1 ! 2 i 2 ! 2 k 1 ! 2 k 2 ! 2 ( 1 i1 )( 1 i1 k 1 )( 1 k 1 ) 1 S1 S2 S3
i 1 ,i2 0
k1 ,k 2 0
2 i1 i2
t 2 2 3 2 1 2
2 F1 1 i1 k 1 ,2 i1 i 2 k 1 k 2 ,2 i1 k 1 , 2 F1 1 k 1 ,2 k 1 k 2 ,2 k 1 , t 1 i1 1 t 1
S2 S3 S1
2 i1 i2 k1 k 2
3 2
t 1 2
2 F1 1 k 1 ,2 k 1 k 2 ,2 k 1 , t
1 i1 k 1 1 t
2 2
2 F1 1 i1 ,2 i1 i 2 ,2 i1 , 2
S1 S3 S2
2 k1 k 2
3 2
t 1 2
2 F1 1 i1 k 1 ,2 i1 i2 k 1 k 2 ,2 i1 k 1 , t
2 2
1 i1 k 1 1 t
2 F1 1 i1 ,2 i1 i 2 ,2 i1 , 3 (3.3)
S1 S2 S3
REFERENCES
[1] W.C.Y. Lee Mobile Communications Engineering , 2nd
Figure 8 Pout comparative overview of 2-SC and 3-SC
ed. McGraw-Hill, New York 1998.
uncorrelated, balanced and unbalanced cases [2] W. C. Jakes Microwave Mobile Communications , 2nd
It is evident that performance of unbalanced 3-SC is ed. New York: Wiley-Interscience , 1994.
worse than performance of 2-SC for some cases. If S 3dB [3] G. Stber Principles of Mobile Communications ,
then for all values of S 6 dB are worse and if S 6 dB it is Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston 2000.
for all values of S 12 dB . [4] M. K. Simon and M.-S. Alouini Digital Communication
over fading Channels , 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 2005.
[5] V. A. Aalo, Performance of maximal-ratio diversity
systems in correlated Nakagami-fading environment ,
IEEE Trans. Commun. Vol. 43, No. 8, pp. 2360-2369,
Aug 1995
[6] N. C. Sagias, G. K. Karagiannidis, Gaussian Class
Multivariate Weibull Distribution: Theory and
Applications in Fading Channels, IEEE Trans.
Information Theory Vol. 51, No. 10, pp. 3608-3619, Oct
2005
[7] G. K. Karagiannidis, Performance Analysis of SIR-
based Dual Selection Diversity over Correlated
Nakagami-m Fading Channels, IEEE Trans. Veh.
Technology, Vol. 52, pp. 1207-1216, Sept 2003.
[8] M. Stefanovi, D. Milovi, The Outage Probability of
SIR-based Dual Selection Diversity over Correlated
Weibull Fading Channels, IEEE 1-4244-1468-7/07
Figure 9 The outage probability comparative overview
[9] A. Abu-Dayya and N. C. Beaulieu, Outage probabilities
for 2-SC, 3-SC and 4-SC for balanced and two
of diversity cellular systems with co-channel interference
different unbalanced scenarios
in Nakagami fading, IEEE Trans. On Veh. Technology,
Vol. 41, pp. 343-355, Nov 1992.
The correlation coefficient and fading parameter [10] M. Abramowitz, I. Stegun, Handbook of Mathematical
depends of the terrain. For urban area the correlation Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical
coefficient is 0.10 0.06 and for the suburban Tables, Tenth Printing, Washington: NBS, 1972.
area 0.35 0.18 . Also, fading parameter is lowering for [11] A. Goldsmith, Wireless Communications, New York:
urban then for suburban fading environment [1]. Wiley, 2004.
The biggest diversity gain is obtained by going from no [12] M.D. Yacoub, D.B. da Costa, U.S. Dias, and G.
diversity to two-branch diversity. Increasing the number of Fraidenraich, Joint Statistics for Two Correlated Weibull
diversity branches from two to three, from three to four and Variates, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation
further, diversity gain will be decreasing. The influence of Letters, Vol. 4, pp. 129-132, 2005.
correlation between diversity branches, fading parameter and [13] Y. Chen, and C. Tellambura, Infinite series
unbalanced diversity branches will decrease diversity gain representations of the trivariate and quadrivariate
significantly and then reduce the performance of selection Rayleigh distribution and their applications, IEEE
diversity systems. Trans. Commun., Vol. 53, pp. 2092-2101, Dec. 2005.