Prepared by

s.yokesh
ELCTROSTATIC PRINCIPLE :-
An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is
an device that removes dust particles from a
flowing gas (such as air) using the force of an
induced electrostatic attraction (i.e, like
charges repel; unlike charges attract)

Electrostatic precipitators are highly efficient

filtration devices that allow the flow of gases
through the device, and can easily remove fine
particulate matter such as dust and smoke from
the air stream.
COMPONENTS USED IN ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR

Electrodes
440V 50HZ 3 AC supply
High voltage transformer
Rectifier
insulators
Hooper
 BASIC DIAGRAM OF AN ELECTROSTATIC PRECITATOR
20 80 KV dc

440V, 50Hz

Clean gas

Discharge
electrode

Control cabinet High voltage Rectifier Dust gas Collector

transformer electrode

Hooper
Control cabinet
Control cabinet is used to interconnect the 3 ac supply and
transformer through wires.

Transformer

Transformer is used to step up or step down the voltage as

per the design of Electrostatic precipitator.

Rectifier
Rectifier is used to convert the given ac supply into dc supply.

Hooper
Hooper is used to store the dust particles and ash content
coming out from the Electrostatic precipitator.
 Electrodes : -
Collector
Based on DC current flow terminals electrodes
elctrodes can be divided as below:-
Discharge
Discharge electrode :- electrode

Electrodes wire which carries

negatively charged high voltage
(between 20 to 80KV) act as discharge or
emitting electrodes.

Collector electrode :-

Electrode wire which carries positively

charged high voltage act as
Collecting electrodes.
WORKING OF ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR
Stage - 1
Several things happen very rapidly (in a matter of a millisecond) in the small area
around the discharge electrode. Electric field is emerged due to dc terminal
arrangement. The applied (-) voltage in discharge electrode is increased until it
produces a corona discharge, which can be seen as a luminous blue glow around
the discharge Electrode.

Due to the formation of corona discharge,

free electrons are emitted with high
velocity from discharge electrode.

This fast moving free electrons strikes the

gas molecule thus emission of free
electron from gas molecules takes place.
The positive ion molecule move towards
discharge electrode by electrostatic
attraction

As a result using gas molecule more

free electrons are emitted near the
discharge electrode.
Stage - 2
As the electrons leave the strong
electrical field area around the
discharge electrode, they start
slowing down. This free electron
again strikes the gas molecule but
this time they are captured by gas
molecule and became negatively
charged ion.

As the gas molecule are negatively

ionized they move towards the (+)
electrode (i.e., collector electrode).

This negative gas ion fills the

space of Dust particle and
becoming negatively charged
particle.

This particle are captured by

collector electrode using