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Biochem Scale Up.
Biochem Scale Up.
Biochem Scale Up.
A 50 m3 bioreactor (H/DT=2.5; working volume=60%) equipped with two sets of a standard flat blade
turbine is used for yeast growth, the bioreactor is operated continuously at a dilution rate of 0.3 hr-1. The organism
obeys the Monods equation (m=0.4 hr-1 and Ks=2 kg/m3). The inlet sugar feed concentration is 50 kg/m3. The
bioreactor is aerated and agitated at 0.5 vvm at 60 rpm. The yield of biomass based on glucose is 0.5 g cell (dry)
per gram glucose consumed. The density and viscosity of the broth are 1200 kg/m3 and 0.02 Pas.
Cell formula: CH1.8O0.5N0.2
State whether the system is mass transfer limited or biochemical reaction limited.
Given:
VT=50 m3 D=0.3 hr-1
H/DT=2.5 m=0.4 hr-1
working volume=60% Ks=2 kg/m3
two sets of a standard flat blade turbine; Pmo=2 Pmo CSO=50 kg/m3
Q=0.5 vvm 0.5 g cell (dry)
YX/S=
N=60 rpm
= 1200 kg/m3
=0.02 Pas
Cell formula: CH1.8O0.5N0.2
H = liquid height
DT = tank diameter
= 2 = 2 (2.5 ) = (2.5) ( 3 )
4 4 4
VT = 50 m3
50 3
50 3 = (2.5) ( 3 ) ; = 3
4 (2.5)
4
DT = 2.9420 m
0.02
= = 1200 /3 = 1.67 105 3 /
From Biochemical Engineering by James Lee: = 3 ; DI = impeller diameter
I
2.9420
I = = = 0.9807
3 3
For an air-electrolyte solution:
0.70
= 2.0 103 [ ] 0.2 (eq. 9.72, p. 267, James Lee)
0.5 3 2
= (50 3 0.60) = 0.25 3 /
3
0.9807
2 60
0.115 60 1.96 ( )
0.9807 4.38 (0.9807 ) (60 ) (0.9807 ) ( )2 2.9420
0.25 3 /
60
log10 2 (6531.5066 = 192 [2.9420 ] [ ] [ ] [ 60 ]
) 1.67 105 9.81 /2 ( ) (0.9807 )3
60
Pm = 6191. 1993 W
For computation of kLa, superficial velocity
1
0.5 3 ( )
60
3
= = (50 3 0.60) = 0.0368 /
(2.9420 )2
4
6191.1993 0.70
= 2.0 103 [ 50 3 (0.60) ] (0.0368 )0.20 = 0.0431 1
Assume: Solution of H2SO4 @ 2.0 mols/L, find the corresponding oxygen solubility from Table 9.2 of
Biochemical Engineering by James Lee, p. 262
CO2 = 1.02 mmol/L
Use the solubility of O2 from Table 9.2 to determine the Henrys constant and the equilibrium
concentration of O2 at that condition.
1
2 = 1.02 / = 0.9804
0.21
= = 0.2142
0.9804
For kLa,CL*, the volumetric mass-transfer coefficient at the equilibrium:
0.0431 3600 1 1 32 1000
, = [ ] (0.2142 ) [1000 ] [1000 ] [1 ] [ 1 3 ] = 1.0635
1 3
Biochemical reaction limited: Using Monod Equation
= = ( + )
Determine the Exit substrate concentration, Cs
0.3 0.4
= [ ] ; = 6.0 /3
2 3 +
For ZO2, grams of oxygen required per gram dry cell produced (Maleles, 1971)
32+816
2 = + 0.01 0.0276 + 0.01714 0.08
Where:
C, H, O is the number of atoms present in the carbon source
C, H, O, N, - is the percent carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen respectively in the cell
32(6)+8(12)16(16)
2 = + 0.01(32.52) 0.0276(48.78) + 0.01714(11.38) 0.08(7.32)
0.5 (180)
2
2 = 0.7656
0.4
2 = 0.7658 2 (22 3 ) ( ) = 6.73904 3
@ 10% absorption
2 21 (10.1)
= 100 = 100 = 19.3 %
21 (10.1)+79
For Csm,
20.2 19.3
= 1.08 x 102 3 [ 29.4 + ] = 0.01238 3
42
Time, min Csm Cs, kg/m3
3 0.01238 - 0.6 x10-3 0.01178
6 0.01238 - 1.6 x10-3 0.01078
9 0.01238 - 3.1 x10-3 9.28 x10-3
12 0.01238 - 4.3 x10-3 8.08 x10-3
15 0.01238 - 5.4 x10-3 6.98 x10-3
18 0.01238 - 6.0 x10-3 6.38 x10-3
21 0.01238 - 7.0 x10-3 5.38 x10-3
Determine the interfacial area for the calculation of the mass transfer coefficient, kL
6
= ; = 4 2
Where :
A/V is the interfacial area
dB is the air bubble diameter
VB - is the air bubble velocity
= (99.5 )2 (4.27) = 33,201.97 3
4
6 (9.439 3 )(4.27 )
= = 9.7114 1
(2.5 103 )(0.3 )(33,201.97 3 )
For kL,
2.7/
= / = = 0.2677
9.7114/
B. () = (20) (1.02)20
(12) 2.6/ 3.046
(20) = = =
1.021220 1.021220
( ) = (20) (,20 ,20 ) (eq.1)
(20)
( ) = (32) (,32 ,32 ) (eq.2)
(32)
(32) = (20) (1.02)20
Solution:
Determine the tank diameter, DT, and impeller diameter, DI, for each conditions.
1 = 1 2 = (1 )2 (1.2 1 ) = 0.31 3
4 4
1 1
1 3 0.0183 3
1 = (0.3) = [ ] = 0.267
0.3
1 1
1 = 3 1 = 3 (0.267 ) = 0.089 (Biochemical Engineering by James Lee, pg.274)
1 1
2 = 3 2 = 3 (3.36 ) = 1.12
Then determine the ungassed power, Pmo, for two sets of impeller, Np= 2x6=12
3 5
= 3 5 ; =
3 5 12 (1200 3 ) ( )3 (0.089 )5
= =
= 8.197 103 3 , 0.108 103 3
9.81 2
0.10
[ ] = 0.630 = 0.1587
1
1 1
[ 3 5
] = [ ]
1 1 2 3 2 5
1 2
2 = 199.8575 2 = 3895.39