LITERACY IN THE 21 ST CENTURY

By

FITRIE OTHMAN
Head of RELP
SK Felda Redong, Segamat

PLC PRESENTATION SERIES WRITING PROCESS

As part of 2016 PLC initiative
 CONTENT page
What is writing process? 01
Writing Models 02
5 Stages of Wr iting Processes 03
K e y Fe a t u r e s o f W r i t i n g P r o c e s s e s 04
Writing Process Strategies 09
Writing Skills 14
Examining the writing processes

The writing process is a series of five stages

that describe what students think and do as
they write; the stages are prewriting,
drafting, revising, editing, and publishing.

The labelling of the stages doesnt mean that

the writing process is a linear series of neatly
packaged categories; rather, research has
shown that the process involves recurring
cycles, and labelling is simply an aid to
identifying writing activities.
 WRITING MODELS

Modelled Shared Guided Independent

Teacher writes in Teacher and Teacher plans Students use the

front of students, students create and teaches writing process
creating the text, the text together; lessons on a to write stories,
doing the then the teacher writing essays, and other
writing, and does the actual procedure, compositions.
thinking aloud writing. strategy, or skill,
about writing and students Teacher monitors
strategies and Students may participate in students
skills. assist by spelling supervised progress.
familiar words. practice
activities.

LEVEL OF SUPPORT LEVEL OF SUPPORT LEVEL OF SUPPORT LEVEL OF SUPPORT

 Examining the writing processes

Prewriting

Stage 1
Publishing
Stage 2
Stage 5
Drafting
The Writing
Process

Revising

Stage 4 Stage 3

Editing
 Examining the writing processes

Key Feature
Stage 1
Choose a topic.
Prewriting
Consider the purpose.
Identify the genre the writing will take.
Engage in rehearsal activities to gather
ideas.
Use a graphic organizer to organize
ideas.
 Examining the writing processes

Key Feature
Stage 2
Write a rough draft.
Drafting
Use wide spacing to leave room for
revising and editing.
Emphasize ideas rather than mechanical
correctness.
Mark the writing as a rough draft.
 Examining the writing processes

Key Feature
Stage 3

Revising Reread the rough draft.

Participate in writing groups.
Make substantive changes that reflect
peers feedback.
Conference with the teacher.
 Examining the writing processes

Key Feature
Stage 4

Editing

Proofread the revised draft.

Correct mechanical errors.
Conference with the teacher
 Examining the writing processes

Key Feature
Stage 5

Publishing

Make the final copy.

Share the writing with an appropriate
audience.
 Examining the writing processes

Stage 1 .
Students use generating ideas, organizing
Prewriting i d e a s , a n d o t h e r s t ra t e g i e s b e f o re
Strategies beginning to write.

Implementation of i-Think Maps

 Examining the writing processes

Stage 2 .
S t u d e n t s u s e s t ra t e g i e s s u c h a s n a r row i n g
Drafting the topic to focus on ideas while writing
Strategies the first draft.
 Examining the writing processes

Stage 3 .
S t u d e n t s u s e re re a d i n g, e l a b o ra t i n g i d e a s ,
Revising c h o o s i n g p re c i s e wo rd s , a n d o t h e r
Strategies strategies to communicate their ideas
m o re e f f e c t ive ly
 Examining the writing processes

Stage 4 .
Students use strategies including
Editing p ro o f re a d i n g a n d c h e c k i n g t h e d i c t i o n a r y
Strategies t o i d e n t i f y a n d c o r re c t s p e l l i n g a n d o t h e r
mecha nica l er ror s .
 Examining the writing processes

Stage 5 .
Students use strategies such as designing
Publishing t h e l ayo u t t o p re p a re t h e f i n a l d ra f t s o f
Strategies t h e i r c o m p o s i t i o n s a n d s h a re t h e m w i t h
classmates and other authentic audiences.
 Examining the writing processes

Writing Skills
Content Skills. Students use their knowledge about main ideas and details to
organize information into paragraphs and longer compositions. These skills are most
important during the drafting and revising stages.
.
Word Skills. Students use their knowledge about precise words and vivid verbs
during drafting and revising to make their writing clearer and more lively.

Sentence Skills. Students use their knowledge about types of sentences to make
their writing more interesting to read. These skills are most useful during drafting
and revising.

Grammar Skills. Students use grammar skills to correct any nonstandard English
errors during editing.

Mechanical Skills. Students apply spelling, capitalization, and punctuation skills to

make their compositions more readable, especially during the editing stage.

WRITING PROCESS
E-Book Published on January 2016
skfeldaredong.blogspot.com
Fitrie Othman
Dedicated to Syaf Elias
PLC PRESENTATION SERIES
As part of 2016 PLC initiative
READING PROCESS
WRITING PROCESS
By
FITRIE OTHMAN
Head of RELP
SK Felda Redong, Segamat
PLC PRESENTATION SERIES WRITINGPROCESS
As part of 2016 PLC initiative