2

CONFIDENTIAL

ASSIGNMENT 1 HEAT TRANSFER

DATELINE:13 NOVEMBER 2017
GROUP WORK: MAXIMUM OF 3 STUDENTS/GROUP

(CO1, PO1, C1, C4, C4)

a) Consider a plane wall of thickness, L and average thermal conductivity, k is given for one
dimensional steady heat conduction through the wall, T(x) as shown in Figure 1. Both
surfaces of the wall are maintained at constant temperature of T1 and T2.

Figure 1 Plane Wall

i. If the rate of conduction heat transfer and the wall area are constant, obtain general
relation for the temperature distribution through the plane wall without heat
generation. Start your steps with 3D conduction equation for plane wall.
T T T T
k k k q c p
x x y y z z t
(4 marks)

ii. Determine the heat flux and the unknown quantity for each case and sketch the
temperature distribution, indicating the direction of heat flux. Given: k = 50 W/mK and
a thickness, L = 0.3 m with no internal heat generation.

Case T1(C) T2(C) dT/dx (K/m)

1 40 -25
2 55 140
3 20 -70

(6 marks)

Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

 3
CONFIDENTIAL

b) A spherical tank of 2m inner diameter with 30 mm-thick stainless steel wall

(k = 17 W/m.K) contains a liquefied petroleum gas (h = 90 W/m2K) at -55C. Insulation
with a thermal conductivity of 0.06 W/m.K and thickness of 250 mm is applied to the
tank to reduce heat gain. Construct the thermal circuits for the system at which the
temperature of insulator layer is 0C when the ambient air temperature at the outer
surface is 20C (h=6 W/m2.K) and determine the heat loss from the interior tank with
and without the insulation in place.
(9 marks)

QUESTION 2

(CO1, PO1, C4, C4, C3, C3)

a) The temperatures (C) in a long rectangular plate at the indicated nodes are shown in
Figure 2 for a steady state two-dimensional heat transfer. The thermal conductivity of
the plate is 3 W/mC and the top surface is exposed to convection at 300C with
h = 10 W/m2K. Given: x=y= 3 mm.

Figure 2 A steady two-dimensional heat transfer in a long rectangular plate.

i) Determine the unknown temperatures of node A and B.

(6 marks)

ii) Determine the heat flow over 1.5 m long of the top convecting surface.
(7 marks)

Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

 4
CONFIDENTIAL

b) A 1-mm-diameter copper sphere initially at a uniform temperature T0 is immersed in a

fluid. Electric heaters are placed in the fluid and controlled so that the temperature of
the fluid is constant, T.
i) Derive an expression for the temperature of the sphere as a function of time
and the heat-transfer coefficient from the fluid to the sphere. Assume that the
temperatures of the sphere and fluid are uniform at any instant so that the
lumped-capacity method is valid.
(5 marks)

ii) If the properties of the sphere are k = 35 W/m.K, =8500 kg/m3 and
Cp = 320 J/kg.K and the convection heat transfer coefficient of the hot fluid is
2500 W/m2.K. Calculate the time for the sphere temperature to reach 95% of
temperature difference from an initial condition of 30C and the heated fluid of
100C.
(3 marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL