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Welcome To SCIE 150: The Science of Everything
Welcome To SCIE 150: The Science of Everything
Last Class
3
Properties of Matter
5
States of Matter
A B
7
Plasma
8
Changing Phase
Solid/Gas
Phase Changes
Deposition is
Sublimation is
Condensation is
A) Gas to Solid B) Solid to Gas
C) Gas to Liquid D) Liquid to Gas
11
Chemical Reactions
Oxidation
Biological Reactions
Oxidation Reduction
Cellular Respiration
15
Acid/Base Reactions
B
A
D
C
Emission Scattering
Absorption Transmission
Reflection
20
Rough surface:
scattering =
reflection in a
variety of
directions
21
Transmission
Light (maybe partially)
passing through a medium:
transmission
The light often bent in the
process this is called
refraction
The pencil does not allow
transmission through it: it is
opaque, while the water is
transparent
Depends on atomic and
molecular properties
22
Absorption
What colour light do
plants eat?
A. Green
B. Everything but green
A green object is
absorbing everything
except green
Scatters green
Nuclear Physics
25
Isotopes
Nuclear Energy
Changing an electron orbit
can release visible light
A) Fission B) Fusion
29
Fusion on Earth?
Need extremely
high
temperatures
10 million K for
the Sun to do it
Can we do cold
fusion?
31
Uranium Fission
One large nucleus
broken up into two
(or more)
Bond energy
released
Nuclear Bombs
Radioactive Decay
If a nucleus is unstable, it can spontaneously
decay
Alpha decay two protons, two neutrons fall out
U-238 can become Thorium-234
Beta decay a proton becomes a neutron, or
vice versa
Carbon-14 becomes Nitrogen-14
half-life: time
for half the
nuclei in a
substance to
decay
Clock starts
ticking when
the rock
solidifies
Had no argon
(gas) in it
originally
39
Dating a rock
Carbon Dating
When it is 11,460
years old, how much
of its initial C-14 will
be left?
A. 100%
B. 50%
C. 25%
D. 12.5%
42
Radioactive Tracers
44
Take-Up Questions
Can you accurately predict how long it will take two atoms to decay?
A skeleton contains 12.5% of the C-14 that it should have. How long
has it been dead?
A. 5730 years
B. 11,460 years
C. 17190 years
D. Other