Exp.

No: 13 Date:
Implementation of Interpolation process
PURPOSE:
To implementation of interpolation for given sequence by factor L.
Software Required:
CC Studio v3.1 (or) MATLAB software 7.0 and above.
OS: Windows.
THEORY: -

The process of increasing the sampling rate is called interpolation. Interpolation is up

sampling followed by appropriate filtering. y ( n) obtained by interpolating, x(n) is generally
n
represented as: y ( n) = x
L
The simplest method to interpolate by a factor of L is to add L-1 zeros in between the
samples, multiply the amplitude by L and filter the generated signal, with a so-called anti-
imaging low pass filter at the high sampling frequency. A common application of
interpolation is the reconstruction of a continuous-time signal x(t ) from a discrete-time signal
x(m) . The condition for the recovery of a continuous-time signal from its samples is given
by the Nyquist sampling theorem. The Nyquist theorem states that a band-limited signal, with
a highest frequency content of Fc ( Hz ) , can be reconstructed from its samples if the sampling
speed is greater than 2 Fc samples per second. Consider a band-limited continuous-time signal
x(t ) , sampled at a rate of Fs samples per second. The discrete-time signal x(m) may be
expressed as the following product:

Figure 13.1 Reconstruction of a continuous-time signal from its samples. In frequency

domain interpolation is equivalent to low-pass filtering.
Figure 13.2 Illustration of up-sampling by a factor of 3 using a two-stage process
of zero-insertion and digital low-pass filtering.

x(m) = x(t ) p (t ) = x(t )d (t - mT )
m =-
s (13.1)