Introduction

English has expanded its territory and the general purpose of it has derived over the time.
English has an international standard, thus making it as a lingua Franca. It acts as a mean for
people to get in touch on international levels in different fields such as business, education,
political and social purposes. Current shift from KBSR to KSSR in Malaysian Education
Curriculum best portrays that new language teaching methods are developed and being proposed
to provide better understanding catered to the learner's level, potential, educational needs and
social context. KSSR demands a shift in teaching methods, especially in English. English has to
be meaningful, fun, learner centred etc. (Malaysia Education Blueprint, 2013)

A shift from the traditional teaching method is vital to cater the demands of current
curriculum aligned with learners need. According to Ausubells Learning Theory (1972),
Learning should be more meaningful and fun. Students learn better when it is especially
involving hands on activities such as games. Games are enjoyable and makes student master the
targeted skill repeatedly in a fun filled way. Ersoz (2000) states that games can be used to give
practice in all language skills and they can be used to practice many types of communication.
The benefits of using games in language-learning include that games are learner centered,
encourages creative and spontaneous use of language and foster participatory attitudes of the
learners. (I-Jung, 2005) Jenga is a block stacking game involving physical and mental skill. The
elements of JENGA are integrated and modified to be used as teaching English technique. It
turns learning into a positive experience by letting learners to experience the learning and take
charge of it.

Todays scenario are learners tend to overlook the misuse of capital letters in writing
English. Capitalization is the writing of a word where the first letter begins with an uppercase
and the remaining letters are written in lowercase. Generally, the practice of captitalization is
strictly abided by specific set of rules. For example, capital letters are used in proper nouns, first
letter followed after a period is capitalized and pronoun I is capitalized. Capitalization has
prominent functions especially in written production. Misuse of capital letters is considered a
grammar mistake.
 Motivation acts as a prominent tool to cultivate learning.Gardner and Lambert refers
motivation as learners attitude and positive desires towards targeted language.There are various
factors that influence learning process and one of it is motivation.( Gardner,1960 cited in
Shams,2008). Games like JENGA acts as a tool to engage students in their learning while
inculcating motivation towards learning.Huyen (2003) identifies games as mean of relaxation
and fun,enabling the learners retain words more easily while involving friendly competition, so it
keeps learners interested and motivated. The connections that exist, between learning motivation
and student language proficiency, are well documented (Krashen, as cited in Richards &
Rodgers, 2001, p. 183). JENGA helps to ease down the affective filter that hinders learning by
creating a fun ambience in the classroom. This study attempts to determine the effectiveness of
JENGA in improving capitalization in written production and increasing learners motivation
towards learning English.
Research Questions
1)
2)
3)

Hypothesis
1)
2)
Research Background
Furthermore, it can be observed that the use of game has impact on the learners self-realization like
self-confidence; consequently, this results in changes in terms of the potential of the students
(Fuscard, 2001 as cited in Boyle, 2011, p.3). For instance, there are not only successful learners but also
unsuccessful learners in a class; as a result, the difference between these learners decreases. Lastly, the
definition, which will be a kind of recap of all above was proposed by Collins Cobuild, (1987:598, as cited
in Snchez, Morfn and Campos, 2007) game is defined as a kind of task that embeds integrated skills in
with source of knowledge or chance factors that players should obey some rules that are settled so that
they can compete with each other to reach to the end point. Taken all these factors above can be
evidence that the use of game has big role in education especially for the English language teaching,
which opened new ways of seeing teaching more than grammar teaching

Inconsistency on this could be an issue.

Questions about the pupils learning:

How do the pupils learn the LEGO Dacta material?

What kind of skills and abilities are supposed to be developed when pupils are working with the
material?

Are there any differences in the pupils way and ability to handle the material related to age or
gender?

Questions about the learning context/classroom environment:

In what way shall the context/environment be organised to best stimulate the pupils learning of the
LEGO material?

How to integrate the material so it will be a natural part of the pupils everyday work?
Evelyn B. Rothstein and Andrew S. Rothstein, English Grammar
Instruction That Works! Corwin, 2008)

Nordquist, Richard. (2017, July 1). All About Capitalization. Retrieved

from https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-capitalization-1689741

References[edit]
1. Jump up^ The primary English encyclopedia: the heart of the curriculum p40 Margaret
Mallett - 2007 "But are the rules for capitalisation in English clearcut? In his detailed
account, Tom McArthur (1992) comments that while some people prefer to capitalise
the first letter of the first word of a phrase following a colon others keep to"[clarification needed]
2. Jump up^ English Grammar Simple Capitalisation Guide
3. Jump up^ L. Sue Baugh Essentials of English Grammar: A Practical Guide to the
Mastery of English (9780844258218) Second Edition 1994 p59 "Religious Names and
Terms: The names of all religions, denominations, and local groups are capitalized."
4. Jump up^ Government Printing Office Style Manual, sect 3.21, 3.22
5. Jump up^ English Grammar For Dummies Lesley J. Ward, Geraldine Woods - 2010
Capitalizing the deity - Words referring to God require a special capitalization rule.
 6. Jump up^ Franklincovey, Stephen R. Covey Style Guide: For Business and Technical
Communication - Page 317 2012 "Capitalize the first letter of titles when they
immediately precede personal names, but do not capitalize the first letter when ... 3:
Titles used in a general sense are not capitalized: a U.S. representative a king a prime
minister an ambassador"
7. Jump up^ Homer L. Hall, Logan H. Aimone -High School Journalism 2008" 11.
Capitalize King and Queen when used before a name. Otherwise, do not capitalize."
8. Jump up^ http://grammarpartyblog.com/2013/02/18/when-to-capitalize-sir-and-madam/
9. Jump up^ The Mayfield Handbook of Technical and Scientific Writing, section 9.1
10. Jump up^ The New Law Journal: 142 1992 "Mr. Justice Rose has never got out of the
habit of reading The Times since he was at Oxford and obtained it at a special ... "I
finish the day by reading The Times, usually in bed."
11. Jump up^ Plush, Hazel. Revealed: The 21 new Unesco World Heritage sites for
2016, The Telegraph. 19 July 2016; retrieved 27 August 2016.
Categories:
English grammar
Capitalization