Taurus Powertronics Training

PRECIOHM ET EARTH TESTER

Taurus Earth Tester

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

Earth Tester

Potential Terminal-P1 Current

Terminal
Earth Terminal

RS 232 Port Potential Terminal-P2

Battery Indication
Range Selector
Mains Switch
Power ON

Reset Set Memory Print

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

Salient Features
Fall-Potential method of Earth Resistance
Wenner method for Soil Resistivity measurement
High dynamic measurement range of 0.01 to 20k
Digital display in with accuracy of 2%
Complete suppression of induction and leakage
power frequencies & its harmonics.
Modular with in-built rechargeable battery
Available in models of 02k & 0-20k
Compact, portable, AC mains & battery operated
Housed in IP67 pelican casing
Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013
 SOIL RESISTIVITY

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

Factors to be considered
Temperature

Humidity

Type of Soil

Strata of the Soil

Depth of Peg insertion

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

Principle of Operation Soil Resistivity
Wenner 4 Pole Method
I

b a a a

v a = 10*b = Resistivity (-m)

= 2a a = Probe Spacing (m)
I v = Voltage Measured (volts)
I = Injected current (Amps)
= 2aR R = Measured resistance ()

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

Principle of Operation
Soil Resistivity Measurement:
Four pole - Wenner Method
A constant current with low frequency (128Hz) is passed to
current terminal
The voltage across potential terminals P1& P2 is measured
Soil Resistivity is calculated using formula = 2aR

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

Schematic Diagram
Wenner 4 Pole Method for Soil Resistivity Measurement

E P1 P2 C

b a a a

a = 10*b
Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013
Operating Procedure
Soil Resistivity Measurement
Install four terminals in the ground equally spaced in a
straight line
Using the connecting cables, connect the E, P1, P2 and C
terminals to the corresponding electrodes.
Press the SET button and read the digital display.

Record the reading at the appropriate location

Using the obtained R-value, calculate the value of

resistivity (), which is represented by the units of -m
(Ohm-Meter)

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

Soil Resistivity Measurement Testing Layout
E P1 P2 C

b a a a
x
C

A minimum of 3
direction of testing
Building A Soil
y z Resistivity Profile
P1

x + y + z
=
3
E

Property line

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

 SUB STATION EARTH MEASUREMENT

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

Principle of OperationEarth Resistance
Three pole -Fall Potential Method
Ground
Electrode Potential Current
probe (P) probe (C)

Current probe
resistance
Resistance in

Ground probe
resistance 61.8%
ohms

X C
Distance of potential probe in meters
Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013
Principle of Operation
Earth Resistance Measurement:
Three pole -Fall Potential Method
A constant current with low frequency (128Hz) is passed to
current terminal
The voltage across potential terminal P1& earth terminal
measured V
The resistance is calculated using formula R = I

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

Schematic Diagram
3 Pole Method for Earth Resistance Measurement

Substation
Earth Pit P2 C

d d h

h < 5% * d
Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013
Operating Procedure
Earth Resistance Measurement
Connect equipment earth terminal to the station earth pit
Potential terminal to centre peg at distance 30m from the
earth pit
Current terminal to current peg at distance 60m from the
earth pit
The depth of penetration is less than 5% of the distance
between the pegs
All the pegs are connected in straight line

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

 Case Study

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

Case Study PGCIL-NR
Place: Sonepat (PGCIL -NR )
Date: 11/12/2010
Substation: 400/220 kV S/s Powergrid, Mohana
Contact Person: Mr. Shrivastava, Manager
Mr. Anil Kumar, DT
Customer Requirements
Repeatability of the values & Heavy duty battery
Readings
Earth Pit Resistance R 0.90 Ohms
Soil Resistivity 5.1 Ohm-meter

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

Case Study PGCIL-NR
Place: Nalagarh (PGCIL -NR )
Date: 13/12/2010
Substation: 400/220 kV S/s Power Grid, Reru
Contact Person: Mr. Manish Gandotara, Manager
Mr. Vikram Sarochaya, Engineer
Readings
Earth Pit Resistance R=(Pit connected to 0.60 Ohms
grid)
R= ( Individual earth Pit) 36.5 Ohms
Soil Resistivity 16.48 Ohm-meter

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

Case Study PGCIL-NR
Place: Banala (PGCIL -NR )
Date: 14/12/2010
Substation: 400/220 kV S/s PowerGrid, Jhiri
Contact Person: Mr. Amit Kumar, Sr.Engineer
Mr. Pravesh Kaundal, Engineer
Readings Distance A Resistance Resistivity
meters R Ohms Ohm-meters
Location A 5 6.55 205.67
Location B 4 25.5 640.56

Location C 4 24.5 615.44

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

Case Study PGCIL-NR
Place: Chamba (PGCIL -NR )
Date: 16/12/2010
Substation: 400/220 kV S/s Power Grid, Sultanpur
Contact Person: Mr. Manish Sharma, Chief Manager
Mr. Mahendra Kaloria, Engineer
Readings
Earth Pit Resistance R= 2.5 Ohms

Soil Resistivity 138 Ohm-meter

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013

 Q&A

Taurus Confidential Document 4/21/2013