I.

T CHC QU TRNH HON THNH SN PHM

1.Nhim v
-X l m nhit
-Hon thin sn phm khu cui cng nh :tha khuy nt,ng b,nt,gn vt
trang tr
-L ,ty v v sinh cng nghip
-Kim tra hang cui cng
-Bao b ng gi
2.Cc bc t chc phn xng
a.Chn thit b v cng ngh p ng qu trnh cng ngh
-Cc thit b trong phn xng hon thin thng c dung chung cc loi sn
phm ch to
b.Lng cng nhn v s cng ngh
-s cng nhn =(cng sut)*(thi gian qui trnh hon thin)/thi gian ca
-v d : cho tng thi gian qui trnh hon thin 1 sn phm la 3000 giy
Thi gian ca lm vic trong ngy l 8 gi
Cng sut l 480sp\ngy
Tnh s cng nhn?
*P N : ta c s cng nhn =[(cng sut dc)*(thi gian qui trnh hon
thin)]/(thi gian ca) =[(480*3000)]/(8*3600)=50 cng nhn
* Ch : khng nht thit phi tnh ton nhp dy chuyn bi v dy chuyn c
nhp t do
-Lp s cng ngh bao gm cc chi tiu:
+ tn bc cng vic
+nh mc thi gian
+s cng nhn
+loi thit b
+s lng thit b
+n gi gia cng
c.Qui hoch phn xng
-Khi qui hoch phn xng c th chia thnh cc nhm nh:nhm chuyn
dung,nhm i,nhm KSC,nhm v sinh cng nghip
-Phng tin vn chuyn : gi treo,xe y,gi y
-Din tch cho mi cng nhn trong phn xng hay khu vc khng di 10m

II.T CHC SN XUT B PHN MAY

1.Dy chuyn
a.Dy chuyn cng ngh
-Khi nim : l mt nhm ch lm vic cng vi s lng cng nhn v thit b
nht nh.Bn thnh phm c vn chuyn bng cc phng tin vn chuyn
b.Dy chuyn sn xut hng may mc
-Khi nim :ch sn xut 1 loi sn phm hoc 1 nhm sn phm ng dng c
sn xut da trn h thng c s hon chnh
2.c im dy chuyn cng ngh
-Chuyn mn ha dy chuyn ch to mt hoc vi sn phm ng nht trong
khong thi gian xc nh
-Gn b vi mt dy chuyn l mt lng cng nhn
-Vic chia dy chuyn thnh cc giai on c thc hin theo trnh t cng ngh
xc nh
-S ph hp v thi gian ca cc thao tc t chc vi nhp ca dy chuyn
-S thc hin ng thi cc thao tc t chc
-B tr cc ch lm vic ph hp vi tin trnh ca qu trnh cng ngh vi iu
kin ng di chuyn bn thnh phm ngn nht
-Tnh lin tc v lp li cht ch din ra lin tc trong dy chuyn cng ngh
3.Nhp iu dy chuyn
-L khong thi gian xc nh sau khong thi gian cc gian on sn xut c
bn c lp li v xut ra 1 sp khi dy chuyn sn xut
-Nhp cht ch : xc nh bi vn tc chuyn ng ca bng chuyn
-Nhp t do : do nhp lm vic ca ton i cng nhn to ra
NSX = (THI GIAN HON THNH SP)/(S CNG NHN)
NSX =(THI GIAN CA )/(S LNG CA)
4.Nguyn nhn ph c nhp dy chuyn
-S n khng nhp nhng ng lc ca bn thnh phm
-S h hng thit b
-Vic xc nh khng chnh xc mc thi gian ca tng cng nhn
-Sp xp khng ng lc lc lng lao ng
-Sn xut mt hang mi hay phc tp
5.Tnh n iu trong dy chuyn
-Khi chn nhp sn xut phi c gng t n gi tr ti u ca n ngha l phi
xc nh ni dung cc cng on,i chiu n vi nhp
-Khi nhp < 30 th xut hin tnh n iu lm cho cng nhn nhm chn v
mt mi sm
*Gim tnh n iu trong cng vic nh t chc lao ng hp l
+Nng cao hm lng lao ng trn mi thao tc
+Mi thao tc phi cha ng khng di 5 yu t
+S lun phin xen k ca lao ng l dng ngh ngi tch cc
 +Vic t chc lm vic thnh cm ,t chc hp l ch lm vic ,t ng ha qu
trnh cng ngh ,ci tin cc iu kin v sinh cng nghip to bin php tm l ti
u, gp phn gim tnh n iu trong lao ng.
6.Phn loi dy chuyn may cng nghip
a.phn loi dy chuyn theo cng sut
-Da vo s lng sn phm,s cng nhn chia dy chuyn ra :dy chuyn cng
sut ln ,nh ,trung bnh
*Cc dy chuyn cng sut nh
+Cho php ch to mt hang rng ri
+Khng chuyn mn ha cao
+H s s dng thit b thp do mt mt thi gian
+Nng sut lao ng thp dn n gi thnh cao
+Trnh c kh ha v t ng ha thp
*Dy chuyn cng sut trung bnh
+Cc ch tiu kinh t k thut cao hn
+Vn cho php ch to nhiu mt hang
+c php ph bin rng ri
*Dy chuyn cng sut ln
+Chuyn mn ha cao
+Tnh lp lai v tnh ng nht ca thao tc c biu hin y trong dy
chuyn ny
+Khng c p dng rng ri
-V d :
S mi (ci /ca) SCN Qun u (ci /ca) SCN
Nh 400 500 25 200 250 35
Trung bnh 500 1200 25 /60 250 700 35/80
Ln >1200 >60 > 700 >80
b.Phn loi dy chuyn theo cu trc
-Da vo s lng phn on khu vc hoc nhm chuyn mn ho c
+dy chuyn khng phn on : dy chuyn sn xut khng phn on no
c,ph hp vi loi sn phm n gin,t tn lao ng
+dy chuyn phn on :bao gm phn on chun b,lp ghp,hon thnh
-V d :
Phn on chun b phn on lp ghp phn on chnh l v
hon chnh
Nhm gia cng vi lt
Nhm gia cng vt lng lp ghp chi tit chnh l v hon thin
Nhm gia cng tay
Nhm gia cng thn trc
c.Phn loi theo phng php cung cp bn thnh phm
+dy chuyn cung cp tp trung :tt c cc chi tit c cung cp t 1 trung tm
duy nht vi 1 b y cc chi tit
+dy chuyn cung cp phn tr : cm chi tit hoc chi tit ring l c phn
thng n tng v tr lm vic c th
-V d :
BTP

TT
 TT

SP
d.Phn loi ay chuyn theo tnh cht dch chuyn bn thnh phm
+dy chuyn cng ngh thng : bn thnh phm dch chuyn t ch lm vic u
tin n ch cui cng theo ng thng hoc zizac
+dy chuyn cng ngh vng : bn thnh phm i theo kiu vng trn khp kn v
cho php bn thnh phm i qua ch lm vic 2 ln
-V d :
BTP
 TP

e.Phn loi theo phng php dch chuyn bn thnh phm

+kiu khng bng chuyn : dch chuyn bn thnh phm t ni lm vic ny sang
ni lm vic khc bng cch s dng phng tin vn chuyn khng chuyn ng
nh :bn,mt dc,mng hoc cc xe con
+kiu bng chuyn :dch chuyn nh cc thit b c kh cu to khc nhau c vn
tc khng i hoc iu chnh c
 7.T chc sn xut dy chuyn cng ngh phn xng may
-Ni dung
+chn nhng s liu ban u sau lp trnh cng ngh v nh mc thi gian cc
bc cng vic v chn cng sut dy chuyn
+phn tch v chn kiu dy chuyn
+Tnh ton c bn v cc s liu cn thit dy chuyn cng ngh
+Lp s cng ngh v la chn
+qui hoch cc ch lm vic v ton b dy chuyn
+hiu chnh s cng ngh dy chuyn
+tnh ton v phn tch cc ch tiu kinh t k thut ca dy chuyn
-Cc bc t chc sn xut dy chuyn cng ngh
+xc nh mt hng
+chn phng php gia cng,thit b v dng c
+xc nh v chn kiu dy chuyn
+thit k dy chuyn cng ngh,phi hp cc nguyn cng
+lp cc s cng ngh
8.Cc kiu dy chuyn
-Kiu dy chuyn l c tnh t hp xc nh bi cu trc,tnh cht dch chuyn
bn thnh phm,phng tin vn chuyn,phng php cung cp
-Cc kiu dy chuyn thng dung:
*Dy chuyn lin hp
+Bn thnh phm dch chuyn thng hoc zizac
+Bn thnh phm c cung cp phn tn n l hoc tng chng
+y l dy chuyn n gin v km hiu qu
+Thng p dng cho sn phm t bc cng vic v dy chuyn c cng sut nh
*Dy chuyn lin hp-nhm
+Tch ra cc nhm gia cng chi tit ring l tr thnh nhm
+Bn thnh phm cung cp phn tn tng chng
+Bn thnh phm di chuyn thng hoc zizac
+Thng c p dng dy chuyn cng sut nh v trung bnh v a dng ha
sn phm c lot hoc l nh

9.V d thit k dy chuyn sn xut

a.phn tch cc d liu ban u v la chn hnh thc sn xut
-sn phm:o s mi
-cng sut chuyn l 160sp\ca
-thi gian lm vic 1 ca l 8 ting
-gi ngh l 30 pht
-1 ngy lm 2 ca
b.cu trc t chc v b tr ni lm vic

-chuyn khng phn khu,tc l khng c s phn tch gia cc cng on sn

xut thnh cc khu c chuyn mn ha
-cc v tr lm vic thc hin cc nguyn cng theo quy trnh cng ngh
-cc v tr lm vic c chuyn mn ha
-cc v tr lm vic c sp xp sao cho ngn nht ,theo kiu nc chy
-v tr lm vic c b tr theo hng
-ng i ca bn thnh phm ziczac v c cho php quay ngc khai thc ht
cng sut ca thit b
c.h thng cung cp bn thnh phm
-khng dng bn ti
-s dng phng tin th cng
-cung cp bn thnh phm theo tp
d.V nhp lm vic
-nhp lm vic t do,cho php nhp lm vic cc v tr gia cng dao ng so vi
nhp trung bnh tnh ton n nh cho chuyn l 10%
e.V cng sut v mc chuyn mn ha
-cng sut sn xut t ra l 650sp\ca l cng sut trung bnh
-sp o s mi l sp truyn thng,khng b mt li nn s lng sn xut ln,n nh
trong thi gian kh di nn c chuyn mn ha
f.V ca lm vic
-sn xut theo 2 ca,nhng tch ra,ht ca l vic ngi cng nhn ct bn thnh
phm vo t rig,ca sau ly n bn thnh phm ring ca mnh gai cng,phn
bit sn phm gia cc ca lm vic
-sp cha hon thnh tn ng ln,nhng d tnh ton,thng k sn phm
-d tnh lng v qui trch nhim sai hng