PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI & TULANGAN RANGKAP PADA BALOK

0.85 Fc'
ec' = 0.003 Sc
es'
As' - Aub Cc
Cub

50 43
As +
es
7 ST

20 dia e dia s

M-= 9.28 Tm
M =+
7.6
} d= 0.8

Fc' = 300 kg/cm2

Fy = 4000 kg/cm2

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :

1. ec' Cub
=
es d - Cub
0.003 Cub 0.129 - 0.003Cub = 0.002Cub
=
0.0020 43-Cub 0.129 = 0.002 Cub +0.003 Cub
Cub = 25.8 cm
aub = 0.85 x 25.8 = 21.93 cm

Persamaan statika : baja

Sc = As'.Fs' = 0.8 As . Fy = 3275.9 As
Cc =0.85 Fc'. Aub . B = 111843
St = As. Fy = 4000 As

1. S H = 0 Sc + Cc = ST
3275.9 As + 111843= 4000 As
111843 = 724.1 As
Asb = 154.46 cm2
As'b = 126.50 cm2

Jadi , Sc = 126.5 x 4000 = 506000.0 kg

Cc =0.85 x 300 x 21.93 x 20 = 111843.0 kg
St = 154.46 x 4000 = 617840.0 kg

2. S M = 0 Sc (d - d') + Cc (d - 0.5au) = Mnb

Mnb = (506000 x (43 - 7)) + (111843 x (43 - (0.5 x21.93)))
Mnb = 7588501.51 kgcm

Mub = 0.8 x 7588501.51 kgcm

= 60.70801 Tm > Mu, dimensi balok kuat

Design
Cu = 24.8 cm
Au = 0.85Cu = 0.85 x 24.8= 21.08 cm

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :

1. ec' Cu ec' 24.8

= =
es' Cu - d' es' 24.8 - 7
0.003 24.8
=
 =
es' 17.8

0.053 = 24.8 es'

es' = 0.0022 > 0.002
Fs' = 4306.5 kg/cm2
tulangan tekan sudah leleh,maka Fs' = Fy = 4000 kg/cm2

Persamaan statika : baja

Sc = As'.Fs' = 0.8 As x 4000 = 3276 As
Cc = 0.85 Fc'. Au . B = 107508
St = As. Fy = 4000 As

1. S H = 0 Sc + Cc = ST
3276 As + 107508 = 4000 As
107508 = 724 As
As = 148.49 cm2
As' = 121.61 cm2

Jadi , Sc = 121.61 x 4000 = 486440.0 kg

Cc = 0.85 x 300 x 21.08 x 20 = 107508.0 kg
St = 148.49 x 4000 = 593960.0 kg

2. S M = 0 Sc (d - d') + Cc (d - 0.5au) = Mnb

Mnb = (486440 x (43 - 7)) + (107508 x (43 - (0.5 x21.08)))
Mnb = 21001549.68 kgcm

Mub = 0.8 x 21001549.68 kgcm

= 168.01 Tm > Mu, dimensi balok kuat

Keadaan Under Reinforce = 0.7 x Asb (max).

diambil As = 0.2 Asb = 30.9 cm2 OK, As max < As < As min
As' = 0.2 As'b = 25.3 cm2

PERSAMAAN :
1. S H = 0 Sc + Cc = ST
Sc = 25.3 x 4000 = 101200.00 kg
Cc = 0.85 x 300 x 21.08 x 20= 5100.00 kg
St = 30.9 x 4000 = 123568.00 kg

2. S M = 0 Sc (d - d') + Cc (d - 0.5au) = Mn
Mn = 3808746.00 kg cm
Mu = f Mn Mu = 3046996.80 kg cm
= 30.47 Tm > M = 9.28 Tm
OK, dimensi & tulangan cukup

Tulangan diameter 24 , Luas = 4.5216 cm2

Tulangan tarik 7 buah
Tulangan tekan 6 buah

r tulangan min = 0.0035 = As min = 3.01 cm2

r tulangan max = 0.7 x Asb = As max = 108.1 cm2

Dimensi & tulangan terpasang

6d24 6d24

50 50
50 50

7d24 6d24

20 20

Tumpuan Lapangan
 PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI & TULANGAN RANGKAP PADA BALOK
0.85 Fc'
ec' = 0.003 Sc
es'
As' - aub Cc
Cub

35 30
As +
es
5 ST

20 dia e dia s

Mu = 6.4 Tm
} d= 0.5

Fc' = 250 kg/cm2

Fy = 4000 kg/cm2

Keadaan Balance
Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :

1. ec' Cub
=
es d - Cub
0.003 Cub 0.09 - 0.003Cub = 0.002Cub
=
0.0020 30-Cub 0.09 = 0.002 Cub + 0.003 Cub
Cub = 18 cm
aub = 0.85 x 18 = ### cm

Persamaan statika : baja

Sc = As'.Fs' = 0.5 As . Fy = 2000 As
Cc =0.85 Fc'. Aub . B = 65025
St = As. Fy = 4000 As

1. S H = 0 Sc + Cc = ST
2000 As + 65025 = 4000 As
65025 = 2000 As
Asb = 32.51 cm2
As'b = 16.26 cm2

Jadi , Sc = 16.26 x 4000 = 65040.0 kg

Cc =0.85 x 250 x 15.3 x 20 = 65025.0 kg
St = 32.51 x 4000 = 130040.0 kg

2. S M = 0 Sc (d - d') + Cc (d - 0.5au) = Mnb

Mnb = (65040 x (30 - 5)) + (65025 x (30 - (0.5 x15.3)))
Mnb = 1778658.75 kgcm

Mub = 0.8 x 1778658.75 kgcm

= 14.229 Tm > ... Mu, dimensi balok kuat
 Design Tulangan (Under-reinforced)
Cu = 10 cm
Au = 0.85Cu = 0.85 x 10 = 8.5 cm

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :

1. ec' Cu ec' 10
= =
es' Cu - d' es' 10 - 5
0.003 10
=
es' 5

0.015 = 10 es'
es' = 0.0015 < 0.002
kg/cm2
karena tulangan tekan belum leleh,maka Fs'= 3000 kg/cm2

Persamaan statika : baja

Sc = As'.Fs' = 0.5 As x 3000 = 1500 As
Cc = 0.85 Fc'. Au . B = 36125
St = As. Fy = 4000 As

1. S H = 0 Sc + Cc = ST
1500 As + 36125 = 4000 As
36125 = 2500 As
As = 14.45 cm2
As' = 7.23 cm2

Jadi , Sc = 7.23 x 3000 = 21690.0 kg

Cc = 0.85 x 250 x 8.5 x 20 = 36125.0 kg
St = 14.45 x 4000 = 57800.0 kg

2. S M = 0 Sc (d - d') + Cc (d - 0.5au) = Mnb

Mn = (21690 x (30 - 5)) + (36125 x (30 - (0.5 x8.5)))
Mn = 1472468.75 kgcm

Mu = 0.8 x 1472468.75 kgcm

= 11.78 Tm > Mu, dimensi balok kuat

Keadaan Under Reinforce = 0.7 x Asb (max).

diambil As = 14.45 Asb = 469.8 cm2 OK, As max < As < As min
As' = 14.45 As'b = 235.0 cm2
Perhitungan tulangan di bawah ini tidak terpakai.
Sc = 235 x 3000 = 704871.00 kg
Cc = 0.85 x 250 x 8.5 x 20 = 36125.00 kg
St = 469.8 x 4000 = 1879078.00 kg

PERSAMAAN :
1. S M = 0 Sc (d - d') + Cc (d - 0.5au) = Mn
Mn = 18551993.75 kg cm
Mu = f Mn Mu = 14841595.00 kg cm
= 148.42 Tm > M = 6.4 Tm
OK, dimensi & tulangan cukup

Tulangan diameter 24 , Luas = 4.52 cm2

Tulangan tarik 104 buah
Tulangan tekan 52 buah

r tulangan min = 0.0035 = As min = 2.10 cm2

 r tulangan max = 0.7 x Asb = As max = 22.76 cm2

Dimensi & tulangan terpasang

52d24 52d24

35 35

104d24 52d24

20 20

Tumpuan Lapangan
 PERHITUNGAN PEMERIKSAAN TULANGAN KOLOM DUA SISI

0.5 As

55
50
Pu
Mu
0.5 As
5

30

Fc' = 300 kg/cm2 , b = 0.85

Fy = 2400 kg/cm2
Es = 2000000 kg/cm2
Pu = 188 Ton Beban Luar
Mu = 20.8 Ton meter }
Tulangan diambil/perkirakan = 2 x 5 D-16
Ast = 20 cm2
Dipasang tulangan 10 f 16 0.5As= 10.050 cm2 .

1. Keadaan normal murni :

ec' = 0.003 ecu' = 0.003

Sc ey = Fy
= 0.0012
0.5 As Es
- Cc Pn0 tulangan tekan sudah leleh maka
Fs = Fy = 2400 kg/cm2

0.5 As
Sc

Sc = 0.5As x Fy = 10.05 x 2400 = 24120.000 kg

Cc = b x h x 0.85 Fc' = 30 x 55 x 0.85 x 300 = 420750.000 kg
Persamaan statika :
SH=0 Sc + Sc + Cc - Pn0 = 0
Pn0 = 24120 + 24120 + 420750 = 468990.000 kg
Pu0 = 0.65 Pn0 = 0.65 x 468990 = 304843.500 kg
Pu0 = 304.844 ton
 2. Keadaan Decompresi :

ec' = 0.003 0.85fc'

es' Sc

-
Cu = d = 50 au Cc Pnd

Mnd

es = 0 St 0
dia e
au = 0.85 x Cu = 0.85 x 50 = 42.500 cm
Sc = 0.5As.Fy = 10.05 x 2400 = 24120.000 kg
Cc = b x au x 0.85Fc = 30 x 42.5 x 0.85 x 300 = 325125.000 kg
St = 0 (Decompresi)
Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc + Cc - St - Pnd = 0
24120 + 325125 - 0 = Pnd
Pnd = 349245.0 kg
Pud = 0.65 x Pnd = 227009.250 kg
= 227.009 ton
(2). S M = 0
Sc(d - d') +Cc (d-0.5au) - Pnd (0.5h-d') - Mnd = 0
Mnd = ( 24120 x 45) + (325125 x 28.75) - (349245 x 22.5)
= 2574731.25 kgcm
= 25.747 tm
Mud = 0.65 x Mnd = 0.65 x 25.747
= 16.736 tm
3. Keadaan Balance :
ec' = 0.003 0,85fc'
es' Sc
Cu - au Cc

Pnb
+ Mnb
es
St
es = e y

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :
ec' Cu
=
es d - Cu
0.003 Cu 0.15 - 0.003Cu = 0.0012Cu
=
0.0012 50 - Cu 0.015 = 0.0012 Cu +0.003 Cu
Cub = 35.71 cm
au = 0.85 x 35.71 = 30.354 cm

Sc = 0.5As.Fy = 10.05 x 2400 = 24120.000 kg

Cc = b x au x 0.85Fc = 30 x 30.3535 x 0.85 x 300 = 232204.300 kg
St = 0.5As.Fy = 10.05 x 2400 = 24120.000 kg
Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc + Cc - St - Pnb = 0
Pnb = 24120 + 232204.3 - 24120
Pnb = 232204.300 kg
Pub = 0.65 x 232204.3 = 150932.795 kg
Pub = 150.933 ton
(2). S M = 0
Sc(d - d') +Cc (d-0.5au) - Pnb (0.5h-d') - Mnb = 0
Mnb = ( 24120 x 45) + (232204.3 x 34.82325) - (232204.3 x 22.5)
= 3946911.64 kgcm
= 39.469 tm
Mub = 0.65 x Mnb = 0.65 x 39.469
= 25.655 tm
 4. Keadaan Keruntuhan Tekan :

Coba, Cu = 40 cm > Cub = 35.71cm .

au = . 34 cm

ec' = 0.003 0.85 fc'.

es' Sc
- Cu = 40 au Cc
d = 50

Pnt
Mnt

+
es < e y St

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :

ec' Cu
=
es d - Cu
0.003 40
=
es 50 - 40
es = 0.00075
Fs = es x 2.106 = 1500 kg/cm2
Fy = 2400 kg/cm2
Fs < Fy , berati tulangan tarik belum leleh maka, Fs = 1500 kg/cm2

Sc = 0.5As.Fy = 10.05 x 2400 = 24120.000 kg

Cc = b x au x 0.85Fc = 30 x 34 x 0.85 x 300 = 260100.000 kg
St = 0.5As.Fs = 10.05 x 1500 = 15075.000 kg

Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc + Cc - St - Pnt = 0
Pnt = 24120 + 260100 - 15075
Pnt = 269145.000 kg
Put = 0.65 x 269145 = 174944.25 kg
Put = 174.944 ton
(2). S M = 0
Sc(d - d') +Cc (d-0.5au) - Pnt (0.5h-d') - Mnt = 0
Mnt = ( 24120 x 45) + (260100 x 33) - (269145 x 22.5)
= 3612937.5 kgcm
= 36.129 tm
Mut = 0.65 x Mnt = 0.65 x 36.129
= 23.484 tm
 5. Keruntuhan Tarik1 :
Coba, Cu = 28 cm < Cub = 35.71cm .
au = 0.85 x 28 = 23.8 cm

ec' = 0.003
es' Sc
- Cu Cc

d = 50
Pnr
+ Mnr
es
St
es > e y

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :

ec' Cu
=
es' Cu - d'
0.003 28
=
es' 28 - 5
es' = 0.0025
Fs = es' x 2.106 = 4929 kg/cm2 > fy --> tul.tekan sdh lleh
Fy = 2400 kg/cm 2

Fy < Fs', tulangan tarik sudah leleh maka Fs' = Fy = 2400 kg/cm2

Sc = 0.5As.Fs' = 10.05 x 2400 = 24120.000 kg

Cc = b x au x 0.85Fc = 30 x 23.8 x 0.85 x 300 = 182070.000 kg
St = 0.5As.Fy = 10.05 x 2400 = 24120.000 kg

Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc + Cc - St - Pnt = 0
Pnt = 24120 + 182070 - 24120
Pnt = 182070.0 kg
Put = 0.65 x 182070 = 118345.500 kg
Put = 118.346 ton
(2). S M= 0
Sc(0.5h - d') +Cc (0.5h-0.5au) + St (0.5h-d') - Mnr = 0
Mnr = (24120 x (27.5 - 5)) + (182070 x (27.5 - 11.9)) + (24120 x (27.5-5))
= 3925692.000 kgcm
= 39.257 tm
Mut = 0.65 x Mnt = 0.65 x 39.257
= 25.517 tm
 6. Keadaan Tarik2 :
Coba, Cu = 10 cm < Cub = 35.71cm .
au = 0.85 x 10 = 8.5 cm

ec' = 0.003
es' Sc
- Cu Cc

d = 50
Pnr
+ Mnr
es
St
es > e y

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :

ec' Cu
=
es' Cu - d'
0.003 10
=
es' 10 - 5
es = 0.0015
Fs' = es' x 2.106 = 3000 kg/cm2
Fy = 2400 kg/cm2
Fy < Fs, tulangan tarik sudah leleh Fs' = Fy = 2400 kg/cm2

Sc = 0.5As.Fs' = 10.05 x 2400 = 24120.000 kg

Cc = b x au x 0.85Fc = 30 x 8.5 x 0.85 x 300 = 65025.000 kg
St = 0.5As.Fy = 10.05 x 2400 = 24120.000 kg

Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc + Cc - St - Pnr = 0
Pnr = 24120 + 65025 - 24120
Pnr = 65025.0 kg
Pur = 0.65 x 65025 = 42266.25 kg
Pur = 42.266 ton
(2). S Mditengah kolom = 0
Sc(0.5h - d') +Cc (0.5h-0.5au) + St (0.5h-d') - Mnr = 0
Mnr = (24120 x (27.5 - 5)) + (65025 x (27.5 - 4.25)) + (24120 x (27.5-5))
= 2597231.250 kgcm
= 25.972 tm
Mur = 0.65 x Mnr = 0.65 x 25.972
= 16.882 tm
 Ringkasan M & P dalam 5 kondisi

No. Kondisi M P
( Tm ) (T)
1. Normal 0.0 304.8
2. Decompresi 16.7 227.0
3. Tekan 23.5 174.9
4. Balance 25.7 150.9
5. Tarik1 25.5 118.3
6. Tarik2 16.9 42.3

Hasil grafik interaksi :

Kolom berdimensi 55cm x 30cm dibebani dengan gaya luar :
Pu = 188 ton
Mu = 20.8 ton meter
Tidak kuat menahan beban kombinasi Mu-Pu,

Diagram Interaksi

350
Aksial (ton)

300

250

200

150

100

50

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

momen (ton-meter)
 kekuatan
batas

35 40
 DESAIN KOLOM TULANGAN DUA SISI

Dari perhitungan struktur, didapat :

Pu = 204 ton
Mu = 20.8 ton meter
Rencanakn kolom, dengan data-data sbb :
Fc' = 300 kg/cm2 , b = 0.85
Fy = 2400 kg/cm 2

Perhitungan Desin
assumsi : luas tulangan = 2 % dari luas Beton
As max = 6 % dari luas Beton
r min = 0.0058 As min = r b d
Pu0 = 2 x Pu = 436 Ton
Pno = Pu/ 248
Pn0 = ( Ac x 0.85Fc' ) + ( As x Fy )
= ( b x h ) x 0.85Fc' + ( 0.02 x b x h ) x Fy
= ( b x h ) x 0.85 x 300 + ( 0.02 x b x h ) x 2400
= ( 255+48 ) x ( b x h ) = 303 x ( b x h )
436000 = 303 x (b x h)
( b x h ) = 436000 / 303
( b x h ) = 1438.94 Jika h= 1.5 b
b x (1.5b)) = 1438.94
b2 = 959.29 b= 959.29 = 30.97
b= 30.00 cm
h= 45.00 cm

coba dimensi kolom 30 x 60 cm2

Luas tulangan ( As ) = 2% Luas Beton ( Ac )

= 0.02 x ( 30 x 60 )
60 = 36 cm2
. Pakai tulangan f = 16 , A = 2.01 cm2
Jumlah tulangan (n) = 36 / 2.01 = 17.90
Dipasang tulangan = 12 f 16 salah!! yg terpasang, hrs lebih besa
30 As total = 24.12 cm 2

!!!! ,hrs lebih besardaribdiatas As max = Err:522 cm2

As min = 10.44 cm2
} Err:522 < As min

0.5 As = 12.06 cm2

Jarak antar tulangan = 2.08 cm ok

Cek, dimensi & tulangan :

1. Keadaan Normal Murni

Pn0 = ( Ac x 0.85Fc' ) + ( As x Fy )
= ( 30x60 ) x 0.85 x 300 + ( 24.12 x 2400 )
= 516888.00 kg = 516.888 ton
Pu0 = 0.65 x Pn0
= 335.98 ton
2. Keadaan Balance

ec' = 0.003 Sc
es'
Cub Cc
60 55 Pnb
Mnb
5 St
es = e y
30

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :
ec' Cub
=
es d - Cu
0.003 Cub 0.165 - 0.003Cu = 0.0012Cub
=
0.001 55 - Cub 0.165 = ( 0.003 + 0.0012 )Cub
Cub = 39.29 cm
aub = 0.85 x 39.29 33.40 cm

Sc = 0.5As.Fy = 12.06 x 2400 = 28944.00 kg

Cc = b x aub x 0.85Fc = 30 x 33.3965 x 0.85 x 300 = 255483.23 kg
St = 0.5As.Fy = 12.06 x 2400 = 28944.00 kg

Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc + Cc - St - Pnb = 0
Pnb = 28944 + 255483.23 - 28944
Pnb = 255483.23 kg
Pub = 0.65 x 255483.23 = 166064.0995 kg
Pub = 166.06 ton

(2). S M = 0
Sc(d - d') +Cc (d-0.5au) - Pnb (0.5h-d') - Mnb = 0
Mnb = ( 28944 x 50) + (255483.23 x 38.30175) - (255483.23 x 25)
= 4845574.05 kgcm
Mub = 0.65x4845574.05 = 3149623.13 kg
Mub = 31.5 tm < Mu = 12.8tm ok ukuran kolom cukup.

3. Keadaan Decompresi

ec' = 0.003 0.85fc'

es' Sc
-
Cud = 55 au Cc Pnd
Mnd

es = 0 St 0
dia e

au = 0.85 x Cu = 0.85 x 55 = 46.75 cm

Sc = 0.5As.Fy = 12.06 x 2400 = 28944.00 kg
Cc = b x au x 0.85Fc = 30 x 46.75 x 0.85 x 300 = 357637.50 kg
St = 0 (Decompresi)

Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc + Cc - St - Pnd = 0
28944 + 357637.5 - 0 = Pnd
Pnd = 386581.5 kg
Pud = 0.65 x Pnd = 251277.98 kg
= 251.278 ton
 (2). S M = 0
Sc(d - d') + Cc (d-0.5au) - Pnd (0.5h-d') - = 0
= ( 28944 x 50) + (357637.5 x 52.5) - (386581.5 x 25)
= 3092948.44 kgcm
Mnd= 30.929 tm
Mud = 0.65 x Mnd = 0.65 x 30.929
= 20.104 tm

Ringkasan M & P dalam 3 kondisi

No. Kondisi M P
( Tm ) (T)
1. Normal 0.0 336.0
2. Decompresi 20.1 251.3
3. Balance 31.5 166.1

Hasil grafik interaksi :

Kolom berdimensi 30cm x 60cm dengan tulangan 12 dia16 dibebani dengan gaya luar :
Pu = 204 ton
Mu = 20.8 ton meter
Mampu menahan gaya luar tsb, karena masih didalam grafik Interaksi.

Diagram Interaksi

400
350
300
Pu

250
200
150
100
50
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Mu
kekuatan batas gaya luar
salah!! yg terpasang, hrs lebih besar dari n

< As min
PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI & TULANGAN TUNGGAL PADA BALOK
ec' = 0.003 0,85fc'

cub - aub Cc

36
As +
es = ey
4 ST

20 dia e dia s
M-= 10.24 Tm
Fc' = 250 kg/cm2
Fy = 4000 kg/cm2 KEADAAN BALANCE

- Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :
ec' Cub
=
ey d - Cub
0.003 Cub 0.108 - 0.003Cub = 0.002Cub
=
0.0020 36-Cub 0.108 = 0.002 Cub +0.003 Cub
Cub = 21.6 cm
aub = 0.85 x 21.6 = 18.4 cm