Properties and Testing of Materials 2

..
Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy
Assoc. Prof. at Civil Dep., F. of Engineering, Menoufia Unv.
ALB
2016
Design of Concrete Mixes

" "

Concrete Mix Design

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

 ALB

Assoc. Prof. ALaa A. Bashandy .. .

 Lecture Contents

:
.
.
.
:
.
.
.
) (
) - - -(.

ALB Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

Concrete
aggregates
) bonding material
.( cement paste
inert filler ) %
(.
fresh
concrete plastic
workable

hydration solidification

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

Choose Concrete Components

ALB Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

:
) / ( -

:
. ) ( .......... workability .
. ....................................................................Strength .
. ) ( ........................... Durability .

ALB Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

: According to Req. Workability

: According to Req. Strength

ALB Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

: According to Workability

:
.
.
) - - .(Pump

:
Slump Test
Flow
) (Ve Be Time

ALB Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

: According to Strength

compressive strength
:
.
.
.
.
:
Compressive Strength
:
. ) .( Fcu
. ....................Fm
ALB Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

Concrete Strength

ALB Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

Fm ) ( Fcu

Fm = Fcu + M as Safety factor Fcu

= /
/ =
= /

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

. ) ( Fcu
Characteristic Strength

:

) (
%
.

/
/

ALB Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

. Fm
Target Mean Strength

) (Fcu

.Fm
Fm Fcu
M

Fm = Fcu + M
ALB Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

= x

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

Concrete Mix Design

ALB Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

Choice of Mixture Content Proportional

.
.
.
.
. ) :
( .water/cement ratio w/c
. ) w/c :(
.
.
.
. .
. .
. .
ALB Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

Maximum Nominal Size

1/
5 - 1/4

3/ - 2/3

> 40

/ 60 40
> 150

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

. ) (.
. .
. .
. .
. ) (.
. .
. .

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

. .
) / -/ (
. .
) / (
. W/C ) 0.5 .(0.5 0.35
. :
1.8 - 1.6 )( Dolomite
2 - 1.8 Gravel
.
.
.
.

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

:


Fm
.

) ( :
-


.

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

ALB Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

:
Absolute Volume

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

C / c + W / w + F.A. / F.A + C.A. / C.A + Add. / Add = 1000 Lit.

1m
1m

Add.
W 1m
F.A.
C.A.
Cement

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

C / c + W / w + F.A. / F.A + C.A. / C.A + Add. / Add = 1000 Lit.

-- 3.15 c Cement
F.A C.A
1.8 1.5 2.8 2.6
Coarse/Fine Aggregates

1 1 w Water
1.4 1.1 Add /
-- Admixtures

2.8 2.3
-- Add /
Additives

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

Example
:
350/
1.8 0.45 = w/c
%2 1
5 :
F.A = 2.6 C.A = 2.7 Add = 1.15
.
:
/
350
) F.A = 2.6 .(2.7 2.6
) C.A = 2.7 .(2.8 2.7
: . 0.45 = W/C
. 1.8
= %2
1 5 .
ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

= x % 2 = 7 = 350 x 0.02
= x = 35 = 5 x 7
= / x = 157.5 = 350 x 0.45

C / c + W / w + F.A. / F.A + C.A. / C.A + WAdd. / Add = 1000 Lit - Voids.

350/ + 157.5/ + F.A. / + 1.8 F.A./ + 7/ = 1000 Lit. 35 Lit.
3.15 1 2.6 2.7 1.15

111.11 + 157.5 + 1.051 F.A. + 6.087 = 965 Lit.

1.051 F.A. = 690.302
F.A. = 656.805 kg.
C.A. = 1.8 x F.A. = 1182.249 kg

C : W : F.A. : C.A. : Add.

: 157.5 kg 350 kg / 7 : 656.81 kg : 1182.25 kg : 7 kg

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

:

= ) ( 1.8 - 1.5

3 = 656.805/ 410.503 = 1.6 = 0.411

= 1182.249/ 738.906 = 1.6 = 0.7393

C : W : F.A. : C.A. : Add.

: 350 kg / 7 157.5 kg : 656.81 kg : 1182.25 kg : 7 kg
: 350 kg / 7 157.5 lit. : 0.411 m3 : 0.739 m3 : 7 lit.

C : W : F.A. : C.A. : Add.

: 560 ton / 11200 252 m3 : 657.6 m3 : 1182.4 m3 : 11.2 ton

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

:
:
.
1x1x1 3

41.1
73.9 ) (
7



.
C : W : F.A. : C.A.
: 350 kg / 7 157.5 kg : 656.81 kg : 1182.25 kg
: 350 kg / 7 157.5 lit. : 0.411 m3 : 0.739 m3
ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

:
:
.

.

7
7
.

.

C : W : F.A. : C.A.
: 350 kg / 7 157.5 lit. : 0.411 m3 : 0.739 m3
:50 kg / 1 22.5 lit. : 58.64 lit. : 105.65 lit.

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

:

.

= 410.503 58.643 = 7.
Z
= 410503 58643 = 7 3.3
1.5 X
Y = Z x Y x 1.25X = ((X+1.5X)) x Y x Z
X=Y=Z
X = = 1.25 X3
1.25 X3 = 58650
X = 36.053 cm

C : W : F.A. : C.A.
: 350 kg / 7 157.5 kg : 656.81 kg : 1182.25 kg
:50 kg / 1 22.5 lit. : 58.64 lit. : 105.65 lit.

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

) : = (
.

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

:
Concrete Mix Design According to
British Standards B.S. 5328/1981

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

Given Data

. / Fcu .
. /
) / (.
. ) %
(.
. ) slump .( Ve-Be
. ) (.
. ) crushed .( uncrushed
. ) Max. Nominal Size(.
. - .

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

Slump
* / ---

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

) ( Fcu

) (
%

/
/

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

Fm

)
(Fcu


5% .Fm
1.64 x S
KxS
Fm
fcu fm
Fcu
M

Fm = Fcu + M
ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

:
M=K.S
:
= M .
= K
Fcu .
) % (% = Confidence
.
= S
.

M=K.S
ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

M

Fcu


Fcu Fcu <
/ /
/ > Fcu

) x ) x ) (
) x (
( ( ) /(

) / (

) / (

)(
) /( ) /( ) (

M=K.S
ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

Example
By using B.S. design method,
Design a concrete mix having a characteristic strength Fcu = 400
Kg/cm2 by using ordinary cement. Allowable slump values are
considered as 10-30 mm when using slump test.
The used coarse aggregate is crushed aggregate of maximum
nominal size of 20 mm. Fine aggregate passing about 75% from
0.6 mm sieve.
:
/
/ = fcu

> )
(.
= ) % (.
.

= .
% . .
ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

Example
:
/ /
.
= .
% ..

:
/
/ = fcu

> )
(.
= ) % (.
.

= .
% . .
ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

. K

: K
K
2.33 1
1.96 2.5
1.64 5
1.28 10

:
% 5 = 1.64 K

...... % 5

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

. Fm
Fig. 1 : Relationship between standard deviation
:
and characteristic strength
Fcu

K
A: Less than 40
results /

:
B: min for 40 S
results or more
M = K x S
Fm = Fcu + M

:
/
8 = S 80 = MPa
= 1.64 % 5 K
13 = (8) x (1.64) = S x K = M MPa
53 = 40 + 13 = Fcu + M = Fm MPa
= 530/
ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
 Design of Concrete Mixes

W/C . /

Table 3 : Approximate compressive strength (N/mm2) of

concrete mixes made with a free-water/cement ratio of 0.5 :
:
. /

)/ (

:
W/C

0.5 = W/C

:
= 49
/ = 490 MPa
ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
 Design of Concrete Mixes

Fig. 2 : Relationship between compressive strength

and free-water/ cement ratio. :W/C : /
:

:
. /

)
( ) (0.5
Fm )
(

:

Fm
W/C

W/C

:
W/C ) 530 = Fm/(
> ok 0.5 = 0.47

........ 0.5 < W/C = 0.5

Free-water/cement ratio
ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
 Design of Concrete Mixes

.
)Table 4: Approximate free-water contents (kg/m3
required to give various levels of workability

:
Maximum Nominal Size
.

)/ (
/ -

:
4

:
/ = 190

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

 Design of Concrete Mixes

:
/ W/C

.

:
= W/C
= ......../

:
/ = 190
0.47
350/ok / = 404

/ = 350 > 350/........

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

Fig. 3: Estimated wet density of fully compacted concrete

:

/

:

=
) + (

:

/
= 2350
= ) - + (
= ( 190 + 404 ) - 2350
= 1756/
ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

:

/

C / c + W / w + F.A. / F.A + C.A. / C.A + Add. / Add = 1000 Lit.

:
404 / c + 190 / w + F.A. + C.A. / F.A = 1000 Lit.

404 / 3.15 + 190 / 1 + F.A. + C.A. / 2.6 = 1000 Lit.

F.A. + C.A. = 1772.54 kg/m3

Additives

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

.
Table 5: B. S. Grading zones of fine aggregates

Sieve Grading Zone

:
Size mm 1 2 3 4
4.75 90-100 90-100 90-100 95-100 .
2.36 60-95 75-100 85-100 95-100
1.18 30-70 55-90 75-100 90-100 :
0.6 15-34 35-59 60-79 80-100
0.3 5-20 8-30 12-40 15-50
0.15 0-10 0-10 0-10 0-15
:
% 75
Zone 3

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

Fig. 4a: Recommended proportions of fine aggregate according

to percentage passing a 600 m sieve. Maximum aggregate size: 10 mm

:
//
.
.

:

.

:
Zone 3
20

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

Fig. 4b: Recommended proportions of fine aggregate according

to percentage passing a 600 m sieve. Maximum aggregate size: 20 mm

:
//
.
.
Zone 1
:
Zone 2
Zone 3

Zone 4 .
:
Zone 3
20
=
%
= ) % = ( +
ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
Design of Concrete Mixes

Fig. 4c: Recommended proportions of fine aggregate according

to percentage passing a 600 m sieve. Maximum aggregate size: 40 mm

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

:
.
.

:
.

:
/ = 2350
= ) + (
= 1756 = ( 190 + 404 ) 2350/
= 474.12 = 1756 x % 27/
= 1281.88 = 1756 x % 73/

ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy

Design of Concrete Mixes

.
:
.
:
/
= 190
= 404/
= 474.12/
= 1281.88/

:
=
) ( 1.8 - 1.5
= 474.12/ 296.325 = 1.6 = 0.2963
= 1281.88/ 801.175 = 1.6 = 0.8012

C : W : F.A. : C.A.
: 404 kg / 8 190 kg : 474.12 kg : 1281.88 kg
: 404 kg / 8 190 lit. : 0.2963 m3 : 0.8012 m3
ALB Dr. Alaa Bashandy
 ALB

:References
- ECP 203-2007 ... .
- . .
- / / - .
.
. . . .
. . . .
... - ) .
.( / :
.
.
. .British Standards B.S. 5328/1981 -
ALB Dr. Eng. ALaa Ali Bashandy