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Class Notes 6 PDF
Class Notes 6 PDF
Class Notes 6 PDF
Market Adaptation
Momo Deretic
Sauder School of Business
Main Points
QWERTY
Frances
AZERTY
Costs of Adapting Products
Research & Development (blueprint
costs)
Market Cultivation Costs
Line costs (new machinery)
Switching costs (for existing machinery)
Input price rises
Consumer confusion costs?
Cost versus benefits of product
adaptation
Suppose an adapted product sells for PA
whereas a standardized product will sell for PS
(<PA). Now assume fixed costs for each
alternative are FS<FA whereas marginal costs
are MCS and MCA. Adaptation is optimal if
A S > 0
where i = Q*(Pi - MCi) - Fi.
Long-run pricing issues
A MNE entering a new market must consider
long-run effects of its pricing decision today
Costs: learning by doing. The more a firm
produces this year, the lower will production costs
be next year due to learning by doing.
demand: potential entry, consumer/distributor
awareness, network externalities, price a signal of
quality, durable goods.
Constraints on pricing
Antidumping law