3.

2-15 Find the mean and variance for the following discrete distributions:

1
a) f(x) , x 5,10,15,20, 25
5
b) f ( x ) 1, x5
4 x
c) f(x) , x 1, 2 ,3
6

Answer:

a) The mean of X is

E( X ) f ( x ) x
1
E( X ) x , x 5,10,15,20, 25
5
1 1 1 1 1
E( X ) 5 10 15 20 25
5 5 5 5 5
75
E( X ) 15
5
The second moment about the origin is

E( X 2 ) f ( x ) x 2
1
E( X 2 ) x 2 , x 5,10,15,20, 25
5
1 1 1 1 1
E( X 2 ) 5 2 10 2 15 2 20 2 25 2
5 5 5 5 5
1375
E( X 2 ) 275
5
Thus, the variance equals
2 E( X 2 ) 2
2 275 15 2
2 275 225 50
b) The mean of X is

E( X ) f ( x ) x
E( X ) 1 x , \ x 5
E( X ) 1 5
E( X ) 5
The second moment about the origin is

E( X 2 ) f ( x ) x 2
E( X 2 ) 1 x 2 , x 5
E( X 2 ) 1 5 2
E( X 2 ) 25
 Thus, the variance equals
2 E( X 2 ) 2
2 25 5 2
2 25 25 0

c) The mean of X is

E( X ) f ( x ) x
4 x
E( X ) x , x 1, 2,3
6
4 1 42 43
E( X ) 1 2 3
6 6 6
10 5
E( X )
6 3
The second moment about the origin is

E( X 2 ) f ( x ) x 2
4 x 2
E( X 2 ) x , x 1, 2 ,3
6
4 1 2 4 2 2 4 3 2
E( X 2 ) 1 2 3
6 6 6
10
E( X 2 )
3
Thus, the variance equals
2 E( X 2 ) 2
2
10 5

2

3 3
30 25 5
2
9 9 9

3.2-21 let X equal the targer outcome Chen a air of four-sided dice is rolled, the p.m.f of X is
2x 1
f(x) , x 1, 2 ,3, 4
16
a) Find the mean, variance, and standard deviation of X.
b) Calculate the sampel mean, sample variance, and sample standard deviation of the following
100 simulated Conservation of X and compare these answers to those in (a)

4 4 4 4 2 2 2 3 1 4 3 3 2 3 2 4 4 2 3 4
4 3 4 3 4 3 3 2 4 4 3 2 3 3 3 2 4 4 3 4
1 4 3 4 4 4 3 2 4 4 4 3 1 3 2 4 4 4 4 1
3 4 3 2 4 4 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 4 3 3
2 4 2 3 3 2 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4
 c) Draw the graphs of the probability histogram and relative frequency histogram on the same
figur.

Answer

a) The mean of X is

E( X ) f ( x ) x
2x 1
E( X ) x , x 1, 2 ,3,4
16
2 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 4 1
E( X ) 1 2 3 4
16 16 16 16
1 6 15 28 50 25
E( X ) 3.125
16 16 16 16 16 8
The second moment about the origin is

E( X 2 ) f ( x ) x 2
2x 1 2
E( X 2 ) x , x 1, 2 ,3,4
16
2 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 1 2 2 4 1 2
E( X 2 ) 1 2 3 4
16 16 16 16
1 12 45 112 170 85
E( X 2 )
16 16 16 16 16 8
Thus, the variance equals
2 E( X 2 ) 2
2
85 25
2
8 8
680 625 55
2 0.859
64 64 64

The standard deviation is

2
55
0.927
64

b)

No x f f*x
1 1 5 5
2 2 18 36
3 3 33 99
4 4 44 176
Tot 100 316
 The sampel mean of X is

x
f x 316 3.16
f 100
The sample variance is equal

x 2
i x 79.44
s 2
0.802
n 1 99

The sampel standar deviation is

x 2
i x
s s
2
0.802 0.896
n 1

c) menyusul