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Cigre AUS 2011 HVDC & GridAccess Tutorial Re PDF
Cigre AUS 2011 HVDC & GridAccess Tutorial Re PDF
1. Introduction
2. HVDC Station Layout and Equipment LCC
3. HVDC Station Layout and Equipment VSC
4. Integration of Renewable Energy Sources
using HVDC
5. Conclusions
HVDC
Configuration
Possibilities
Terminals in series
Terminals in parallel
Parallel:
Parallel:the
theStandard
StandardVersion
Version
AC AC AC
System 1 System 2
2 AC Filters, C-Banks
3 Converter Transformers
AC AC
Filter Filter
4 Thyristor Valves
1 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 5 Smoothing Reactors
AC AC AC
System 1 System 2
To/ from
Controls, Protection, Monitoring other 1 AC Switchyard
Terminal
2 AC Filters, Capacitor
Banks
DC
filter Pole 1
3 Converter Transformers
AC
filter 4 Thyristor Valves
DC Pole 2
filter
5 Smoothing Reactors
and DC Filters
1 2 3 4 5 6 6 DC Switchyard
8 9 DC Line
AC-Filter Bus Lsmooth
1 Arr Arr
C1 B4 D
7
3
Arr
AC-Bus 2 B3
L1 Arr
6 C Fdc Fdc
Fachv 4 Arr Arr
A B2
FacIv 5
L2
Arr
Arr Arr
C2 B1
AC-Filter E1 E2
10 Neutral 11
Neutral
4
A
3
Multiple B
Valve Unit
(Quadruple C
Valve)
2
1
A B C Valve Arm Example 500 kV
to DC Line: + or -
14 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
LDT Configurations Monopolar/Bipolar
With Monopolar
System, only Ground
Return available
flexible
Plus Wind
Power no additional
Thermal Plants
Cost Reduction
fuzzy
17 10-2011 DC Station
Covering
17 Base
10-2011 and Peak-Load Demands
DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Basslink HVDC:
Converter
Arial View
500 MW
2006
Bass Strait
Welcome great
Outdoors !
Joints
100 km 1 km only !
26 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
300 MW TNB-EGAT HVDC Interconnection
Hotel DC
Adaptation to
the local
Architecture 2001
Source: 10-2011
27 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Europe HVDC Moyle Interconnector
The Task: World's first HVDC with LTT
Sea-Cable Transmission and wafer-integrated BOD
2001 Operated by:
Moyle Interconnector
Ltd., Northern Ireland
System Data:
Rating 2 x 250 MW
Voltage 250 kV DC
Thyristor 8 kV LTT
Cable Length 64 km
Auchencrosh
Power Exchange
Ballycronan More by Sea Cable
Sharing of
Reserve Capacity
Benefits No Increase in
Short-Circuit Power
660 MW
2007
Valve Hall
Control Building
DC Hall
Transformers
AC Switchgear
AC Filters
2011
BritNed
Power Exchange
Customer: by Sea Cable
BritNed Developm. Ltd.
Sharing of
System Data:
Rating 2 x 500 MW Reserve Capacity
Voltage 450 kV
Thyristor 8 kV LTT
No Increase in
Cable Length 260 km Short-Circuit Power
2010
600 MW
2011
2 x 500 MW
*2,500
2,500MW
MW
2 x 3-ph AC 400 kV 800 km
India
1 x +/- 500 kV
Example of HVDC
Ballia-Bhiwadi: 1,450 km too long for 400 kV AC
2010
2,500 MW
Reduction in CO2:
1.2 m tons p.a. (52 %)
by using Energy-Mix
from the Mainland 2011
versus local Supply with a new Oil-fired Power Plant on the Island
400 MW
2011
Example of HVDC Classic
Technology Issues
for UHV DC Transmission
45 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Overview of an 800 kV DC Transmission System
DC Wall Bushing
- 800 kV D
C
Line Arresters
Voltage Divider - 400 kV
DC
+ 400 k
V DC
DC Filters
Disconnectors &
Grounding Switches
Bypass Switches
+ 800
kV DC
Smoothing Reactors
DC Wall Bushing
4.6 m
800 kV DC
3,125 A
14.3 m
75 mH
28 tons !
DC (2 hrs) 1,175 kV
AC (1 min) 1,020 kV
PR (90/90/45 min) 935 kV
SI 1,790 kV
Test Voltages LI (FW/CW) 2,080/2,320 kV
DC Neutral
LV 12-Pulse Bridge
400 kV Valve Hall 400 kV DC
400 kV DC
to 800 kV DC Line
HV 12-Pulse Bridge
Ready for Transmission
51 10-2011 800 kV Valve Hall
10-2011 DC Station Layout
DC Station
& GA Layout & GA PowerCigr
Transmission
Cigr
Tutorial
Tutorial
2012
Solutions
2012
Testing of UHV DC Bypass Switches
800 kV DC
6.2 m
400 kV DC 9.5 m
Test Set-up
800 kV DC
Technical Data
Rated Voltage: 816 kV DC
11.4 m
Operating Voltage: 800 kV DC
Withstand Voltage: 1,200 kV DC 13 m
Switching Impulse Voltage:1,790 kV
Lightning Impulse Voltage: 2,205 kV
Operating Current: 5,000 A DC
Short-Circuit Current: 50 / 20 kA 1 s
Creepage path: 38,746 mm
No. of Operating Cycles: 2,000 CO
Weight: 6,000 kg
Test Set-up
Special Challenges
Two Resin-Paper Capacitor Windings with a total Weight of 4,000 kg
Design of the Windings and Production with no Shrinkage Holes
12.8 m
800 kV DC
9m
56 10-2011 DC
DCStation
StationLayout
Layout&&GA
GA Cigr
CigrTutorial
Tutorial2012
2012
All Tests are and the Power
completed is flowing
- 800 k
V DC
- 400
kV DC
+ 400
kV D
C
+ 80
0 kV
DC
57 10-2011 DC
DCStation
StationLayout
Layout&&GA
GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
More Power
out of the
Grid
Yunnan-Guangdong
plus CO2 Reduction
2009/2010
61 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Back to Germany: All UHV DC Transformer
Tests completed, ready for Shipping to China
a crucial Issue
DC Side
800 kV DC
Sources:
Xiangjiaba-Shanghai
Worlds biggest and longest UHV DC in Operation
72 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Schematic Arrangement of Xiangjiaba-Shanghai
Converters
Double Valve Towers of a Fulong 6-Pulse Bridge at the 800 kV Converter End
74 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Arrangement of 800 kV Converters for Fulong Station
DC Current Capability of
more than 4,500 A
Optimum Blocking Voltage
of 8.5 kV
Joining of the Silicon Pellet
to a Molybdenum Carrier Disk
using low-Temperature high-
Pressure Sintering
Excellent thermal Coupling
Low thermal Resistance
Outstanding Short-Circuit
Current Capability: > 80 kA 6 high-Power Thyristor compared
High Reliability, Failure Rate < 10 fit with 4 and 5 Elements
The Solution
for Bulk Power
Transmission
up to 4 GW
Standard:
500 kV DC PDC 3 GW
Increase in
New Level: Transmission
660 kV DC PDC 4 GW Capacity and
Reduction in
Losses
77 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Ningdong-Shandong: Worlds first EHV DC at 660 kV
HVDC
Types of
Electrodes
Sea Electrodes
PM 2 PM 2 PM 2
Converter Reactors Vd
ud
PM 1 PM 1 PM 1
D1 PM 2 PM 2 PM 2
IGBT1
D2 PM n PM n PM n
IGBT2
Phase Unit
84 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
The Result: MMC a perfect Voltage Generation
VConv.
VAC 0
- Vd /2
P = 400 MW
Q = +/- 170-300 MVAr Dynamic Voltage Support
Space
Saving
HVDC PLUS
Example 400 MW
HVDC
89 10-2011 Classic
DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Example of HVDC PLUS Station: 2 x 100 MW
les
b
Options: Ca
DC
a) 2B
B
D C
b )
85 m 96 m
(315 feet)
(279 feet)
Half the Width by vertical Arrangement: 2 Reactors and 2 Converter Modules on Top of each other
Footprint:
150 x 110 m
(492 x 361 ft)
Converter DC Switchyard
Reactors Cable Sealing End
Converter Hall
90
m
0m DC Chopper
13
Converter Transformer
3-Phase / ODAN
~ ~ ~
= = =
= = =
= = =
= = =
~ ~ ~
DC Solution for
Grid Access
33 kV AC
HVDC PLUS
132 kV AC 132 kV AC
33 kV AC
320 kV DC
HVDC PLUS
SVC PLUS AC Solution for
33 kV AC Grid Access
132 kV AC
= == ~ =
~
= =
~
= =
~
The Modular Multilevel Converter
Technology (MMC) reduces Comp- 101
lexity and therefore the Space
101
required 10-2011
for Installation DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Prospects and Locations of Tennets Offshore
Projects one with AC and all others with DC Links
Source:
Source: http://www.tennet.eu/
103 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Prospects and Locations of Tennets DC
Offshore Projects Example of
Source: http://www.tennet.eu/
104 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Grid Access of Green Energy with HVDC PLUS:
WIPOS Advanced self-lifting Offshore Platform Layout
400 kV AC (HV) 1.8 GVA / 2.3 GVA (directly buried / Tunnel or Outdoor)
500 kV AC (EHV) 2.3 GVA / 2.9 GVA (directly buried / Tunnel or Outdoor)
550 kV AC (EHV) Substation: Standard 3.8 GVA / Special 7.6 GVA **
800 kV AC (EHV) Tunnel: 5.6 GVA ***
109 10-2011 DC Station Layout & GA Cigr Tutorial 2012
Summary: Features and Benefits of HVDC