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Properties of New and Recycled Clay Brick Aggregates For Use in Concrete
Properties of New and Recycled Clay Brick Aggregates For Use in Concrete
Concrete
Experimental Program:
Granite Aggregate
Natural crushed 20-mm single-sized granite aggregate that previously had been
successfully employed to produce good-quality PCC was used in the present
investigation so that comparisons could be made with other aggregates.
To obtain representative samples for testing, all aggregates were riffled in
accordance with BS 812: Part 102 ~BSI 1989!. The samples of aggregate were
then tested to determine the type and amount of impurities, grading, impact
value, relative density, water absorption, and porosity.
Table.3. Percentages of Impurities Present in Recycled Washed
Aggregate
Impurity Percentage by weight
Paper ~%!
0.08
Plastic 0.11
Timber 0.12
Glass 0.45
Asphalt concrete/felt 0.47
Metal 0.76
Ceramic 1.21
Total 3.2
Sieve Analysis
A sieve analysis was carried out on all types of aggregate before their use in the
experimental work. The appropriate nest of sieves used for each analysis was in
accordance with BS 410 ~BSI 2000! and BS 812: Part 103.1 ~BSI 1985c! for the
grading of aggregate. Table 4 displays the results of the sieve analysis for all the
coarse aggregates used in the investigation.
Table 4. Sieve Analysis Results for All Coarse Aggregates
Sieve size Percentage by mass passing British standard sieves for
~mm! Common 5-slot 3-slot
nominal10-hole
sizes Eng B Recycled Recycled Gra
37.5
washed
masonry nite
100
20 100 10 10 10 10 100 100 95.0
14 25.9 23.5
0 18.0
0 18.0
0 20
0 44 22.8 24.4
10 5.6 5.7 3.0 4.0 3.6 12 5.0 2.5
5 1.5 0.6 0.5 1.0 1.7 5 0.5 0.4
2.36 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 3 0.2 0.3
Fig: 2. Half-brick compressive strength vs impact value for new brick aggregate
.
The figure shows that as the impact value of brick aggregate increases, the
compressive strength of the parent brick decreases. The results would also be
useful in deter-mining the suitability of recycled brick for use as the aggregate
in new PCC. The best-fit equation for the relationship shown in Fig. 2 is as
follows:
Relative Density RD
The relative densities of the brick aggregates and the granite aggregate were
determined in accordance with BS 812: Part 2 ~BSI 1995! by using the gas jar
method. This method involves the immersion of an aggregate sample in water
for 24 hours in an airtight vessel. The mass of the vessel containing the water
and aggregate was weighed ~Mass B!, and the mass of the vessel containing
only water was also recorded ~Mass C!. After the 24 hours of immersion, the
aggregate was removed from the water and placed on a dry cloth to remove any
excess water from the surface of the aggregate particles. The weight of
aggregate was then recorded ~Mass A! in this saturated surface-dry ~SSD!
condition. The relative density was then calculated by using Eq. ~3!. The results
of relative density on an SSD basis for the aggregates used in this investigation
are shown in Table 2.
Mass A
Relative density(RD)= (3)
Mass A(Mass B Mass C)
Fig:4. Half brick compressive strength vs relative density for new brick
aggregate.
The results in Table 2 indicate that, in general, stronger bricks produced higher
values of relative density. In addition, new brick aggregates and recycled
aggregates have a lower relative density.