Introduction:

I. Background of Study

Plastics have become an inseparable and integral part in our daily lives. Plastics
are widely used for its low density, long life, lightweight, strength and low cost. This plastic
waste represents one of the most common plastics in solid urban waste. Since
Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) waste is not biodegradable it can remain in nature for
hundreds of years. The volume of plastic wastes here in Baguio City is increasing in the
past years. Due to rapid increase usage of PET bottles, we arrived in a very serious plastic
waste problem. One of the solution for the disposal of the plastic waste, that causes
environmental pollution, is to use PET bottles in other industrial fields. Civil Engineering
field is a perfect fit for the problem, using the PET bottles as a partial substitute of an
aggregate in a concrete mixture. In this field, it is assured that we can consume a large
amount of PET bottle wastes. Plastic wastes are collected regularly by the Solid Waste
Management Office and the plastic wastes are segregated properly and are sent to a
sanitary landfill in Irisan, Baguio City, Philippines. With the scarcity of space for landfills
here in Baguio City, waste utilization has become the perfect alternative to disposal.

Polypropylene (PP), Poly-ethylene (PE), Poly-ethylene Terephthalate (PET) and

Polystyrene (PS) are some of the plastic wastes used in lightweight concrete. The PET
bottles are ahead of the wastes with its high increasing speed of consumption. At the
beginning of 1980, PET bottles were begun to produce in Turkey at first time. Initially, the
PET bottles were used as water package, however, later they were commonly used for
packing various liquid
foods. (Pagev, 2008)

II. Significance of Study

The main aim of our study is to investigate the influence of the molded PET plastic
on the properties of a concrete mixture. This is achieved by examining physical and
mechanical properties of the concrete mixture containing the PET plastic as aggregate.
The method of our research provides both the recycling of the plastic waste and the
production of concrete in an economical and environmental-friendly concrete.

The results of this study will contribute greatly to the benefit of the society
considering that concrete mixture plays an important role in construction of structures.
The use of molded PET bottles will help our problems regarding the plastic wastes
problems.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES:

In this work, the utilization of shredded waste Poly-ethylene Terephthalate (PET)

bottle granules as a lightweight aggregate in mortar was investigated. Investigation was
carried out on two groups of mortar samples, one made with only PET aggregates and,
second made with PET and sand aggregates together. Additionally, blast-furnace slag
was also used as the replacement of cement on mass basis at the replacement ratio of
50% to reduce the amount of cement used and provide savings. The waterbinder (w/b)
ratio and PETbinder (PET/b) ratio used in the mixtures were 0.45 and 0.50, respectively.
The size of shredded PET granules used in the preparation of mortar mixtures were
between 0 and 4 mm. The results of the laboratory study and testing carried out showed
that mortar containing only PET aggregate, mortar containing PET and sand aggregate,
and mortars modified with slag as cement replacement can be drop
into structural lightweight concrete category in terms of unit weight and strength
properties. Therefore, it was concluded that there is a potential for the use of shredded
waste PET granules as aggregate in the production of structural lightweight concrete. The
use of shredded waste PET granules due to its low unit weight reduces the unit weight of
concrete which results in a reduction in the death weight of a structural concrete member
of a building. Reduction in the death weight of a building will help to reduce the seismic
risk of the building since the earthquake forces linearly dependant on the dead-weight.
Furthermore, it was also concluded that the use of industrial wastes such as PET granules
and blast-furnace slag in concrete provides some advantages, i.e., reduction in the use
of natural resources, disposal of
wastes, prevention of environmental pollution, and energy saving.

REFERENCE:
Akcaozoglu , K., Akcaozoglu, S., Atis, C.D., (2009) . An investigation on the use of
shredded waste PET bottles as aggregate in lightweight concrete
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES:

Numerous waste materials are generated from manufacturing processes, service

industries and municipal solid wastes. The increasing awareness about the environment
has tremendously contributed to the concerns related with disposal of the generated
wastes. Solid waste management is one of the major environmental concerns in the
world. With the scarcity of space for landfilling and due to its ever increasing cost, waste
utilization has become an attractive alternative to disposal. Research is being carried
out on the utilization of waste products in concrete. Such waste products include
discarded tires, plastic, glass, steel, burnt foundry sand, and coal combustion by-
products (CCBs). Each of these waste products has provided a specific effect on the
properties of fresh and hardened concrete. The use of waste products in concrete not
only makes it economical, but also helps in reducing disposal problems. Reuse of bulky
wastes is considered the best environmental alternative for solving the problem of
disposal. One such waste is plastic, which could be used in various applications.
However, efforts have also been made to explore its use in concrete/asphalt concrete.
The development of new construction materials using recycled plastics is important to
both the construction and the plastic recycling industries.

This paper presents a detailed review about waste and recycled plastics, waste
management options, and research published on the effect of recycled plastic on the
fresh and hardened properties of concrete. The effect of recycled and waste plastic on
bulk density, air
content, workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, modulus of
elasticity, impact resistance, permeability, and abrasion resistance is discussed in this
paper.

REFERENCE:
Kaur, I., Khatib, J., Siddique, R., (2007). Use of recycled plastic in concrete: A review