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01 Intro
01 Intro
01 Intro
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Transient Loads Blast Loads
There are two types of transient loads: Force impulse due to explosion.
Impact Applications include blast-resistant design.
From Amrhien, Reinforced Masonry Engineering Handbook, 1972
Blast or impulse
Impact load:
Equipment dropped on a structure (inelastic
collision).
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Random vs. Deterministic Ground Motion Time History
A recorded ground motion time history is N-S component, El Centro May 18,1940
complex, but deterministic. 0.4
Acceleration (g)
0.1
The ground motion time history for a 0.0
-0.3
-0.4
Time (s)
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Statics Free-Body Diagram
Statics problems can be quite simple If a known force Fx is applied to the mass,
Consider a mass attached to a fixed spring. we can construct the free-body diagram.
The mass is constrained to move horizontally without
rotating.
The mass is concentrated at a point at the center of
mass (particle rather than rigid body equilibrium ).
The mass of the spring is assumed to be negligible. From the free-body diagram, we can write
The mass m, and the spring stiffness k are assumed to
the equation of static equilibrium.
be known. Fx Fs = 0
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Dynamics (cont.) Equation of Equilibrium
Furthermore we observe from the free-body Therefore, the equation of dynamic
diagram that the displacement x(t) is a equilibrium is a differential equation.
function of the net applied force, which
includes the inertial force Fi Fx Fs Fi = 0
Finally, the inertial force is a function of the
acceleration, which is the second derivative
Fx kx m&x& = 0
of the displacement
d 2x
a(t ) = = &x&(t )
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Observations (concl.) One Degree-of-Freedom Systems
The analysis would have required more For simplicity, we will begin with one
degrees of freedom degree-of-freedom (DOF) systems.
If we had allowed the mass to rotate in the x-y Multi-degree of freedom systems require
plane or translate in the y-direction, or the solution of systems of differential
If we included the mass of the spring as a equations, which can be considered an
separate quantity. extension of the 1 DOF case.
We will discuss multi-degree-of-freedom
systems later.
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Summary
We will ultimately develop the tools to
analyze complicated structures subjected to
arbitrary dynamic loads.
We will begin by looking at
Free vibration of
One degree of freedom structures.
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