Illustrative problem -1

A Slab type continuous footing supporting 5 columns ( Fig-1)

Total Column Loads = 9000 kN, SBC = 250 kN/m2.
Length of footing = 18m, width of footing = 2.00m
Thickness = 600mm considered.

Fig-1

The analysis is carried out using Direct Method with Uniform Base pressure (500 kN/m),
Moment Distribution with Uniform Base pressure (500 kN/m)and using Soil Structure
Interaction with Winklers spring model ( k= 8000, 12,000 and 16,000 kN/m3).

The results for Bending Moment at Supports Col. A, B and C and Span Moment for Span
1 and Span 2 as shown in fig.-1 are tabulated.

Max. bending Moment in kN.m

Modulus of Subgrade Reaction
Location Direct
MDM (ks in kN/m3)
Method
8000 12000 16000
A 250 250 270 280 280
B 250 780 530 560 580
C 250 610 650 680 690
1 -750 -500 -600 -580 -570
2 -750 -300 -380 -350 -330

Sagging BM positive
Conclusion :
1. a continuous footing the behaviour ( Magnitude of Critical +ve & -ve BM)
depends on the representative value of the Modulus of Subgrade Reaction.
2. small or too large value of modulus does not assure a safe solution but will lead
to unsafe solution if the BM differs by allowable redistribution of Moment.
3. It is recommended to make provision for a range of k value, instead of a single
solution. The appropriate range can be selected from IS 2950.

A Practical Approach for selection of k.

Normally safe bearing capacity is given for an allowable settlement of 40m upto 75mm.
Obtain settlement of foundation for given SBC from soil report.
Ks = 0.75 to 1.25 x (BC/settlement at SBC)
could be representative values for routine problems.

Modeling can be done easily using STAAD/STRAP or any software providing

compression only spring support.