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Report
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For
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1
Contents
1. Project Detail .......................................................................................... 3
1.2 Building Design Parameters ........................................................................................ 4
1.3 Materials ...................................................................................................................... 4
1.3.1 Concrete................................................................................................................ 4
1.3.2 Reinforcement ...................................................................................................... 4
1.4 Load Calculations ........................................................................................................ 5
1.4.1 Dead Load ............................................................................................................ 5
1.4.2 Superimposed Dead Loads ................................................................................... 5
1.4.3 Live Loads ............................................................................................................ 5
1.4.4 Seismic Loads....................................................................................................... 6
1.5 Load Combination ....................................................................................................... 8
2. Structural Analysis................................................................................. 9
2.1 3D modeling of the building ...................................................................................... 10
3. Design of Elements: .............................................................................. 15
3.1.1 Sample design of Column .................................................................................. 16
3.1.2 Sample design of Beam ...................................................................................... 17
3.1.3 Design of Shear Wall ......................................................................................... 21
3.1.4 Sample Design of Footing .................................................................................. 24
3.1.5 Design of Staircase ............................................................................................. 29
3.1.6 Slab Design......................................................................................................... 33
1. Project Detail
Location : .
Type of Building: The Building covers a total plinth area of ..sq.m. The
building has been designed for numbers of storeys.
This report has been prepared as a part of the structural engineering analysis and design
of buildings.
For the design of the building, the Indian Standard criteria for earthquake resistant IS 1893:2002
have been referred to. According to the IS 1893 2002 Code, Kathmandu lies in seismic Zone
V which is the most severe seismic zone. All other factors related with the seismic design were
also adopted as for zone V of IS 1893 2002.
1.3 Materials
Following loads have been considered for the analysis and design of the building based on the
relevant Indian Standards.
1.3.1 Concrete
Concrete is to conform to IS 456: Structural use of concrete. Unless noted otherwise
concrete is to be normal-weight, with a typical dry density of 2400 kg/m3. Concrete is to
achieve the 28-day cube strength as 20 N/mm2and 25 N/mm2.
1.3.2 Reinforcement
Reinforcement bars are to be in accordance with IS 456: specification for carbon
steel bars for the reinforcement of concrete is to be in accordance with IS 1786:
specification for high deformed steel bars for the reinforcement of concrete.
The following design strengths are to be used for the design of concrete and
reinforcement.
Grade of Concrete : M25 for all columns and M20 for all other
Grade of steel : High Yield Fe 500 N/mm2
Shop 4 m2
VB = Ah * W
Where,
I = Importance factor =1
All symbols and notations in the above equation are as IS 1893: 1984.
ETABS utilizes the following procedure to generate the lateral seismic loads.
User provides seismic zone co-efficient and desired seismic load command.
The structural period (T) is calculated manually and input in the software.
W is obtained from the weight data provided by the user.
The total lateral seismic load (base shear) is then distributed by the program
among different levels of the structure
Load parameter
a. Dead Load :- as per IS 875
b. Live Load :- as per IS 875
c. Seismic Load: -as per IS1893:2002.
1. Zone Factor :-0.36 for Kathmandu
2. Fundamental Time Period =0.075*h^0.75 =0.6334sec
3. Response Reduction Factor :-5
4. Soil Type : II
5. Damping :-0.05
Load Pattern Ecc User T Z Soil Type I R Coeff Used Weight Used Base Shear
% sec kN kN
EQX 5 0.633 0.36 II 1 5 0.077292 28048.0226 2167.8841
EQY 5 0.633 0.36 II 1 5 0.077292 28048.0226 2167.8841
1.5 (DL + LL )
1.2(DL + LL RSP)
0.9DL 1.5RSP
1.5(DL RSP)
Design Assumptions
Concrete Grade, M25 fck = 25 MPa for column and landing beam
Concrete Grade, M20 fck = 20 MPa for other member
Steel Grade, Fe 500 fy = 500 MPa for all
The concrete has been designed using limit state method based on IS 456 2000. The detailing
of reinforcement has been based on IS 13920 1993 and where required Uniform Building Code
of USA has been also referred to for detailing of reinforcement.
The design has been based on the most critical load combination mentioned above.
For the above loads and load combinations, the design of beams and columns is carried out by
the ETABS.
Response Spectrum Method of Analysis was performed using IS 1893:2002 code. The design
base shear was compared with base shear computed using fundamental period.
Mass Source
Load Multiplier
DEAD 1
LIVE 0.5
WALL 1
FINISH 1
RLL 0.25
PWL 1
STAIR 1
WT 1
2. Structural Analysis
The analysis and design have been carried out using software called ETABS v16.0.2, which is
a special purpose computer program developed specifically for building structures. It provides
the Structural Engineer with all the tools necessary to create, modify, analyze, design, and
optimize the structural elements in a building model. The building geometry based on
architectural drawings been generated using above named software. The dead load, live load
and lateral loads were supplied to the digital models as per standard code of practices. Several
analysis run were performed to achieve the best result to meet the design and service
requirements.
Sum Sum
Case Mode Period UX UY UX UY
sec
Modal 1 0.705 0.3301 0.0354 0.3301 0.0354
Modal 2 0.668 0.0044 0.538 0.3345 0.5734
Modal 3 0.61 0.2959 0.0712 0.6305 0.6446
Modal 4 0.254 0.052 0.0077 0.6825 0.6523
Modal 5 0.247 0.0003 0.087 0.6828 0.7393
Modal 6 0.227 0.0357 0.0116 0.7185 0.7509
Modal 7 0.158 0.0138 0.0054 0.7323 0.7562
Modal 8 0.153 0.0009 0.0135 0.7332 0.7698
Modal 9 0.143 0.0181 0.000007028 0.7513 0.7698
Modal 10 0.134 0.0004 0.0309 0.7517 0.8006
Modal 11 0.132 0 0.00002759 0.7517 0.8007
Modal 12 0.128 0.0118 0.0043 0.7636 0.805
Modal 13 0.124 0.0002 0 0.7638 0.805
Modal 14 0.11 0.0101 0.0002 0.7739 0.8051
Modal 15 0.107 0.0017 0.000003191 0.7756 0.8051
Modal 16 0.107 0.00001294 0.00003728 0.7756 0.8052
Modal 17 0.105 0.0000329 0.008 0.7756 0.8132
Modal 18 0.097 0.0003 0.0002 0.7759 0.8134
Modal 19 0.091 0.0067 0.0004 0.7826 0.8138
Modal 20 0.088 0.0009 0.0126 0.7836 0.8264
Modal 21 0.08 0.0062 0.0012 0.7897 0.8276
Modal 22 0.048 0.0002 0.163 0.7899 0.9906
Modal 23 0.029 0.00001145 0.000001226 0.7899 0.9906
Modal 24 0.027 0.0002 0.0082 0.7901 0.9988
Modal 25 0.024 0.0623 0.0001 0.8524 0.9988
Modal 26 0.024 0.0016 0.00001177 0.854 0.9989
Modal 27 0.024 0.0495 0.00003585 0.9035 0.9989
Modal 28 0.023 0.072 0.00004143 0.9755 0.9989
Modal 29 0.022 0.0097 0.000002346 0.9852 0.9989
Modal 30 0.022 0.0104 0 0.9956 0.9989
3. Design of Elements:
The design of all structural elements is done using Limit State Method. All relevant Limit
State is considered in design to ensure adequate safety and serviceability.
The design includes design for durability, construction and use in service should be considered
as a whole. The realization of design objectives requires compliance with clearly defined
standards for materials, production, workmanship, and also maintenance and use of structure in
service.
This section includes all the design process of sample calculation for a single element as
column, beam, slab and foundation.
Also maximum deflection obtained from model =11.2mm which is < 20mm or Span/250 = 9000/350 =
25.71mm
hence it is safe in deflection
Column details
B= 400 mm
D= 400 mm
fck = 25 MPa
fy = 500 MPa
Factored axial load on column (Pu) = 371.000 KN
(taken from ETABS model for load case 0.9DL+1.5U1
Pu/(fck bD) = 0.09
Area of steel provided (Ast) = 5176 mm2
Percentage of steel (Pt) = 3.235%
Pt/ fck = 0.129
d' = 52.5
d'/d = 0.13125
From Sp-16, chart 48, 49
Mu/(fck bD2) = 0.2
Mu = 320 KNm
Mc = 640 KNm
Along y-direction
For beam along 9B-9D
B= 300 mm
D= 400 mm
fck = 20 MPa
fy = 500 MPa
d' = 35 mm
d= 365 mm
d'/d = 0.096
Area of steel provided
Ast = 5-16dia= 1005 mm2
Along X-direction
For beam along 8C-10C
B= 300 mm
D= 400 mm
fck = 20 MPa
fy = 500 MPa
d' = 35 mm
d= 365 mm
d'/d = 0.096
Area of steel provided
Ast = 3-16dia+2-12dia= 829 mm2
Asc = 3-16dia= 603 mm2
Percentage of steel provided
Pt = 0.76% for tensile
Pc = 0.55% for compression
From table 54 of SP16
For Hogging moment: Mu/bd2 = 2.7
Hogging moment = 107.910 KNm
For Sagging moment: Mu/bd2 = 4.7
Sagging moment = 187.850 KNm
1.1*Mb= [1.1*(107.91 + 187.85)]
325.336 KNm
Here we get Mc> 1.1*Mb
Hence the check is satisfied along Y-direction
Ix = b x d3/12 = 3,306.606 m4
Iy = d3 x b/12 = 29,991.223 m4
A= 350.51 m2
P= 32,180 KN
Mx = P x ey = -7975.89 KNm
My = P x ex = -7108.99 KNm
SBC = 129.18 KN/m2
P/A = 91.81 KN/m2
My/Iy = -0.24 KN/m3
Mx/Ix = -2.41 KN/m3
Stress Calculations in KN/m2:
= P/A My/Iy * X Mx/Ix * Y
Joint Grid X Y Remarks
1 E1 -17.23 -3.73 104.88 OK
2 D1 -17.23 -1.93 100.54 OK
3 C1 -17.23 1.47 92.34 OK
4 B1 -17.23 3.27 88.00 OK
5 E2 -14.23 -3.73 104.17 OK
6 D2 -14.23 -1.93 99.83 OK
Shear Check:
Shear strength of concrete t'c for M20 grade =0.25sqrt(fck) = 1.12 N/mm2
Factor of Safety = 1.5
1. For edge column
bo = d+2c = d +1300
column load = 613 KN
Vu = 919500 N
a= 1 Coeff of d
b= 1300 value of 2c
-
c= 822425.8021
d= 465.76 mm
d= 555.67 mm
d= 567.01 mm
617.01 mm
Provide D= 625 mm
Area of Steel Reinforcements Required in mm2
Minmum Area of Steel Required in mm2 =0.12*1000*d/100 = 750.00
3. Calculation of Loads
Load Factor 1.5
No. of treads per meter = n = 1000/T = 4
Try, = 16 mm
A = /4= 200.96 mm
Spacing = bx A / Ast reqd. = 595 mm
Provide 16 mm - HYSD steel bars @ 150 mm c/c
Ast .provided = b x A /spacing = 2445.01 mm
pt =100Ast./bd = % > 0.12% = 1.6 %
-max = 1/8*D= 18.75 16 mm
Maximum spacing = least of 3d & 300mm 300 mm
> spacing provided
Distribution Bars in waist slab :
Area of distribution bars =0.12% of bD = 180.00 mm
Try, = 10 mm A = /4= 78.50 mm
Spacing = b x A / Ast reqd. = 436 mm
Provide 10 mm - HYSD steel bars @ 150 mm c/c
Maximum spacing = least of 5d & 450mm 450 mm
> spacing provided
Distribution Bars in steps :
Provide 1 - 10 bar as temperature reinforcement in each step.
Provide the landing slab distribution reinforcement similar to waist slab distribution reinforcement.
171.5
fs= N/mm
Mf 2.09
Modification factor ( =26 for continuous slab & = 1 for L <10 m ), =
L / d actual = 29.92125984 <<<< L / d per. = 54.34
....Safe.....
6. Check for Shear Check
Vmax =V at d distance from support = 49.0 kN
Nominal ShearStress , v =V/bd (Cl. 40.1) = 0.4 N/mm
Maximum shear Stress, cmax for M20 ( Cl.40.2.3, Table 20) 2.8 N/mm
Percentage of Tension Reinforcement =pt =100Ast/bd = 1.6 %
Design Shear Strength of Concrete with pt% and M20, c = 0.8 N/mm
Enhanced Shear Strength , c' = k x c (Cl.40.2.1.1) =1.3 x c = 1.0 N/mm
Since c >> , No Shear reinforcement is required in the staircase .Safe ..
1. DESIGN DATA
3. LOAD CALCULATION
4. MOMENT CALCULATION
5. CALCULATION OF REINFORCEMENT