Foundation Type Selection

For corner columns:

Axial Load (Pu) = 1862.377 KN
Bearing Capacity of soil (BC) = 100 KN/m2
Column Size = 650 mm * 650mm
For M25 and Fe415 steel,
Now, For corner columns
Approx Area= Service load/BC of soil= 20.48615 m2
Let us consider a square footing. Then,
Size of footing =A = 4.5261625 m
So, Provide 6*6 m Square footing
Net pressure of soil = Factored Load/Area of Footing
77.599042 KN/m2
Therefore,
Area occupied by corner columns footing = 216 m2

For outer edge columns:

Axial Load (Pu) = 2945.032 KN
Bearing Capacity of soil (BC) = 100 KN/m2
Column Size = 650 mm * 650 mm
For M25 and Fe415 steel,
Now,
Approx. Area= Service load/BC of soil= 32.39535 m2
Let us consider a square footing. Then,
Size of footing =A= 5.691691488 m
So, Provide 6.5*6.5 m Square footing
Net pressure of soil = Factored Load/Area of Footing
= 104.55735 KN/m2
Therefore,
Area occupied by corner columns footing = 422.5 m2

For intermediate columns:

Axial Load (Pu) = 3921.76 KN
Bearing Capacity of soil (BC) = 100 KN/m2
Column Size = 650 mm * 650 mm
For M25 and Fe415 steel,
Now,
Approx. Area = Service load/BC of soil
= 43.13936 m2
Let us consider a square footing. Then,
Size of footing =A 6.56805603 m
So, Provide 7.5*7.5 m Square footing
Net pressure of soil = Factored Load/Area of Footing
104.58027 KN/m2
Therefore,
Area occupied by corner columns footing =562.5 m2

Total area occupied by column isolated footing = 1201 m2

Total area of plan = 590.006 m2

Since, area occupied by isolated footing is greater than 50% of plan area.
So, we use Mat Foundation.

DESIGN OF MAT FOUNDATION

Calculation of Corner stresses of mat foundation

x y
18.58063 6.89905
Location of Geometric Centroid

Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil (SBC) = 100 KN/m2

For the load combination which includes the Earthquake load, the bearing capacity can be increased by 50% ( IS 189
So for load combination with EQ load, SBC = 150 KN/m2
For Load Combination 1.5 (DL+LL)
Summation of Forces (pi) = 56097.2851 KN

Determination of C.G. of column load on footing:

Column Distance from COLUMN X

Name Load(Pi) Y X Pi*Xi Pi*Yi
A 1303.4383 14.694 37.033 48270.23 19152.7
B 2246.658 14.694 29.413 66081 33012.4
C 993.8062 14.694 21.793 21658 14603
D 2544.122 14.694 15.24 38772.42 37383.3
E 2246.658 14.694 7.62 17119.53 33012.4
F 1303.44 14.694 0 0 19152.7
G 1774.727 8.382 37.033 65723.46 14875.8
H 3315.894 8.382 29.413 97530.39 27793.8
I 2653.103 8.382 21.793 57819.07 22238.3
 J 2640.425 8.382 15.24 40240.08 22132
K 3028.335 8.382 7.62 23075.91 25383.5
L 1774.727 8.382 0 0 14875.8
M 1823.533 6.096 37.033 67530.9 11116.3
N 3385.294 6.096 29.413 99571.65 20636.8
O 3383.025 6.096 21.793 73726.26 20622.9
P 3095.466 6.096 15.24 47174.9 18870
Q 3097.735 6.096 7.62 23604.74 18883.8
R 1823.533 6.096 0 0 11116.3
S 1352.245 0 37.033 50077.69 0
T 2303.38 0 29.413 67749.32 0
U 2536.166 0 21.793 55270.67 0
V 2452.678 0 15.24 37378.81 0
W 2316.058 0 7.62 17648.36 0
X 1352.245 0 0 0 0
Y 675.2968 17.671 21.793 14716.74 11933.2
Z 675.2968 17.671 15.24 10291.52 11933.2
TOTAL= 56097.285 1041032 408728.1

Calculation of C.G. of column load

X= (Pi*Xi)/Pi
= 18.5576118153 m

Y= (Pi*Yi)/Pi
= 7.2860576702 m

C.G. of Column Load = (18.5576,7.2860)

ex = -0.0230181847 m
ey = 0.3870076702 m

Now,
b(Y)= 18.224 m
d(X)= 37.49 m
Moment of inertia (assuming 0.5 m projection from corner column)
Ix=(b*d^3)/12 = 80021.8858 m4
Iy =(d*b^3)/12 = 18908.859 m4
A=b*d= 683.21776 m2
Mx=P*ey= 21710.0796094
My =P*ex = -1291.2576677
P/A = 82.1074749286 m2
 Coordinate of Corner of mat foundation :
Corner X
A 19.245
B 11.125
C 3.505
Y 3.505
Z -3.505
D -3.505
E -11.125
F -19.245
L -19.245
R -19.245
X -19.245
W -11.125
V -3.505
U 3.505
I 11.145
S 19.145
M 19.145
G 19.245

Now,
Stress () = (P/A) (Mx/Ix)* y (My/Iy)* x
Corner Stress for
1.5 (DL+LL)
A 82.457699152
B 83.0122017642
C 83.5325601269
Y 84.4758763966
Z 84.9545787749
D 84.0112625052
E 84.5316208679
F 85.0861234801
L 83.37366668
R 82.6034409424
X 80.8139344383
W 80.2594318261
V 79.7390734634
U 79.2603710851
I 78.7386469524
S 78.1923389601
M 79.9818454642
G 80.7452423519

Note: Here the maximum upward soil pressure (85.086 KN/m2) is less than safe bearing capacity (150 KN/m
increase the strength of the foundation soil by using geotechnical soil stabilizing process like certain depth of g

Design of Mat Foundation

Concrete Grade = M25
Steel Grade = Fe415
1. Known Data:
Upward Soil Pressure,q = 85.086 KN/m2
Max Span Length, L = 7.62 m

Maximum soil pressure in X direction ( For Strip A-A)

Moment Calculation:
Maximum Bending Moment, M = q L2 / 10
Ms = 494.04675384 KNm/m

2. Known Data:
Upward Soil Pressure, q = 85.086 KN/m2
Max Span Length, L = 6.312 m

Maximum soil pressure in Y direction:

Moment Calculation:
Maximum Bending Moment, M = q L2 / 10
Ms = 338.9940595584 KNm/m

3. Depth from two way shear consideration:

Considering intermediate column:
v=Vu/b0d
Vu = 3921.76 KN

b0=[2(d+650)+ 2(d+650)]
=(650+d)*4
v =0.25*

= 1.25 N/mm2
since, Ks =1.5>1 Ks= 1
Then,v= 1.25 N/mm2
so,
1.25=(3921.76*1000)/(d*(650+d)*4)
On Solving, we get, d= 618.385 mm

Considering corner column:

v=Vu/b0d
Vu = 1862.377 KN
b0=[2(0.5d+1150)+ 2(0.5d+1150)]
=(1150+0.5d)4
v =0.25*

= 1.25 N/mm2
since, Ks =1.5>1 Ks= 1
Then,v= 1.25 N/mm2
so,
1.25=(1862.377*1000)/(d*(1150+0.5d)*4)
Upon Solving we get d= 287.86 mm

Considering edge column:

v=Vu/b0d
Vu = 2945.032 KN
b0=[2(0.5d+1150)+2(d+650)]
=3d+3600
v=0.25*
= 1.25 N/mm2
since, Ks =1.5>1 Ks= 1
Then,v =
1.25 N/mm2
so,
1.25=(2945.032*1000)/(d*(3d+3600))
Upon Solving we get d= 470.2 mm

Taking highest of 3 depths.

d= 618.385 mm
overall D= 750 mm
effective cover 131.615 mm

4. Calculation of Steel reinforcement:

Moment = 0.87fyAt(d-fy*At/(fck*b))
494.047*106=0.87*415*At(618.385-415*At/(25*1000))
Upon solving this we get:
At = 2362.64 mm2

Minimum Steel= 900 mm2

Adopt At = 2362.64 mm2
Take, diameter of bar= 25 mm
A= 490.625 mm2
Spacing = 1000*A/At
= 207.6596519148 mm
Provide 25 mm rod @200mm c/c
For all strips along both directions in top and bottom.
Development length
Ld = (0.87*fy*)/4Tbd
= 1175.29296875 mm

Summary of Design of the Mat Foundation

Concrete Grade: M25 Steel Grade: Fe415

Safe Bearing Capacity: 100 KN/m2
Total Depth of Mat: 750mm
Clear Cover: 60 mm
Effective cover: 72.5mm

Strips Bottom Reinforcement Top Reinforcement

All strips Diameter Spacing Diameter Spacing

25mm 200mm 25mm 200mm
eased by 50% ( IS 1893:2002 Cl.No. 6.3.5.2).
 X Y
19.245 6.135
11.125 6.135
3.505 6.135
3.505 9.612
-3.505 9.612
-3.505 6.135
-11.125 6.135
-19.245 6.135
-19.245 -0.177
-19.245 -3.016
-19.245 -9.612
-11.125 -9.612
-3.505 -9.612
3.505 -9.612
11.145 -9.612
19.145 -9.612
19.145 -3.016
19.245 -0.177
g capacity (150 KN/m2) of foundation soil so it is not necessary to
s like certain depth of granular material packing, grouting, etc.