Jolina Alriz Dizon

G12-05

String instruments, stringed instruments, or chordophones are musical instruments that

produce sound from vibrating strings when the performer plays or sounds the strings in

some manner. Musicians play some string instruments by plucking the strings with their

fingers or a plectrumand others by hitting the strings with a light wooden hammer or by

rubbing the strings with a bow. In some keyboard instruments, such as the harpsichord or

piano, the musician presses a key that plucks the string or strikes it with a hammer. With

bowed instruments, the player rubs the strings with a horsehair bow, causing them to

vibrate. With a hurdy-gurdy, the musician operates a mechanical wheel that rubs the

strings. Bowed instruments include the string section instruments of the Classical music

orchestra (violin, viola, cello and double bass) and a number of other instruments (e.g.,

viols and gambas used in early music from the Baroque music era and fiddles used in many

types of folk music). All of the bowed string instruments can also be plucked with the

fingers, a technique called "pizzicato". A wide variety of techniques are used to sound notes

on the electric guitar, including plucking with the fingernails or a plectrum, strumming and

even "tapping" on the fingerboard and using feedback from a loud, distorted guitar amplifier

to produce a sustained sound. Some types of string instrument are mainly plucked, such as

the harp and the electric bass. In the Hornbostel-Sachs scheme of musical instrument

classification, used in organology, string instruments are called chordophones. Other

examples include the sitar, rebab, banjo, mandolin, ukulele, and bouzouki.

In most string instruments, the vibrations are transmitted to the body of the instrument,

which often incorporates some sort of hollow or enclosed area. The body of the instrument

also vibrates, along with the air inside it. The vibration of the body of the instrument and

the enclosed hollow or chamber make the vibration of the string more audible to the

performer and audience. The body of most string instruments is hollow. Some, however

such as electric guitar and other instruments that rely on electronic amplificationmay have

a solid wood body.

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The harp is a stringed musical instrument that has a number of individual strings
running at an angle to its soundboard; the strings are plucked with the fingers.
Harps have been known since antiquity in Asia,
Africa and Europe, dating back at least as early as
3500 BC. The instrument had great popularity in
Europe during the Middle Ages and Renaissance,
where it evolved into a wide range of variants with
new technologies, and was disseminated to
Europe's colonies, finding particular popularity in
Latin America. Although some ancient members of
the harp family died out in the Near East and
South Asia, descendants of early harps are still
played in Myanmar and parts of Africa, and other
defunct variants in Europe and Asia have been
utilized by musicians in the modern era.

The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings. The sound is
projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an
speaker (for an electric guitar). It is
typically played by strumming or plucking
the strings with the fingers, thumb or
fingernails of the right hand or with a
pick while fretting (or pressing against
the frets) the strings with the fingers of
the left hand. The guitar is a type of
chordophone, traditionally constructed
from wood and strung with either gut,
nylon or steel strings and distinguished
from other chordophones by its construction and tuning. The modern guitar was
preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the
five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the
modern six-string instrument.acoustic guitar

The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden

string instrument in the violin family. It is the smallest and
highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.
Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the
violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually
unused in the 2010s. The violin typically has four strings
tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by
drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be
played by plucking the strings with the fingers
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A percussion instrument is a musical instrument that is sounded by being struck or scraped

by a beater (including attached or enclosed beaters or rattles); struck, scraped or rubbed by
hand; or struck against another similar instrument. The percussion family is believed to
include the oldest musical instruments, following the human voice. The percussion section of
an orchestra most commonly contains instruments such as timpani, snare drum, bass drum,
cymbals, triangle and tambourine. However, the section can also contain non-percussive
instruments, such as whistles and sirens, or a blown conch shell. Percussive techniques can
also be applied to the human body, as in body percussion. On the other hand, keyboard
instruments, such as the celesta, are not normally part of the percussion section, but
keyboard percussion instruments such as the glockenspiel and xylophone (which do not
have piano keyboards) are included. Percussion instruments are most commonly divided
into two classes: Pitched percussion instruments, which produce notes with an identifiable
pitch, and unpitched percussion instruments, which produce notes or sounds without an
identifiable pitch.

The triangle is an idiophone type of musical instrument in

the percussion family. It is a bar of metal, usually steel but
sometimes other metals like beryllium copper, bent into a
triangle shape. The instrument is usually held by a loop of
some form of thread or wire at the top curve. It was first
made around the 16th century in England

The tambourine is a musical instrument in the percussion family consisting

of a frame, often of wood or plastic, with pairs of small metaljingles, called "zils".
Classically the term tambourine denotes an instrument with a drumhead, though
some variants may not have a head at all. Tambourines are often used with regular
percussion sets. They can be mounted, for example on a stand as part of a drum kit
(and played with drum sticks), or they can be held in the hands and played by
tapping or hitting the instrument.

A snare drum or side drum is a percussion instrument that produces a sharp staccatosound
when the head is struck with a drum stick, due to the use of a series of stiff wires held
under tension against the lower skin. Snare drums are often used in orchestras, concert
bands, marching bands, parades, drumlines, drum corps, and more. It is one of the central
pieces in a drum set, a collection of percussion instruments designed to be played by a
seated drummer, which is used in many genres of music.

A djembe or jembe is a rope-tuned skin-covered goblet drum played with bare hands,
originally from West Africa. According to the Bambara people in Mali, the name of the
djembe comes from the saying "Anke dj, anke b" which translates to "everyone gather
together in peace" and defines the drum's purpose. In the Bambara language, "dj" is the
verb for "gather" and "b" translates as "peace."
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Woodwind instruments are a family of musical instruments within the more general
category of wind instruments. There are two main types of woodwind instruments: flutes
and reed instruments. What differentiates these instruments from other wind instruments is
the way in which they produce their sound

The clarinet is a musical-instrument family belonging to the group known as the

woodwind instruments. It has a single-reedmouthpiece, a straight cylindrical tube
with an almost cylindrical bore, and a flared bell. A person who plays a clarinet is
called a clarinetist

The flute is a family of musical instruments in the woodwind group. Unlike woodwind
instruments with reeds, a flute is an aerophone or reedless wind instrument that produces
its sound from the flow of air across an opening.

The saxophone is a family of woodwind instruments. Saxophones are usually made of

brass and played with a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet.

Oboes are a family of double reed woodwind instruments. The most common oboe plays in the treble or soprano
range. Oboes are usually made of wood, but there are also oboes made of synthetic materials.

The bassoon is a woodwind instrument in the double reed family that typically plays music
written in the bass and tenor clefs, and occasionally the treble. Appearing in its modern
form in the 19th century, the bassoon figures prominently in orchestral, concert band, and
chamber music literature. The bassoon is a non-transposing instrumentknown for its
distinctive tone colour, wide range, variety of character and agility
Jolina Alriz Dizon
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FOLK DANCE

Milonga (Argentina):

Milonga is a dance which could be said to

be a variation of the Tango; only the
former being more relaxed. The roots of
this dance go deep into the Argentinian
folklore. It is a dance that resonates with
Argentina, with Buenos Aires! Of course, it
was earlier frowned upon by certain
sophisticated sections of the Argentine
society. But today, it is everywhere in the country from clubs to streets.

Gumboot Dance (South Africa):

Africa is a continent that is rich and diverse in

many areas including dance. Gumboot is the
dance that is performed by dancers wearing
Wellingtons a type of boot. This dance
originated from the black miners and was their
form of entertainment. The dance was formed
when drumming was forbidden by the
authorities, and hence the boots were used as
the alternative. It is very popular today and, needless to say, highly
energetic, too.

Halay (Turkey):

Turkey, a country which is located at the cross roads of Europe and Asia, has
a rich cultural heritage. In fact, it wouldnt
be wrong to say that as a culture it has
inculcated elements from both continents
and the same is also true for its
dance. Halay is a folk dance hailing from
Turkeys eastern, South- Eastern and Central
Anatolia regions. It is extremely popular and
engaging dance of the country which is
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accompanied by equally rich music and instruments.

Manang Biday is an ethnic song in ilocos. This song

implies the courtship of a young maiden named in
Manang Biday. Serenade call this custom of the
Filipinos until today still practicing by the Ilocano. It
also is a courtship dance.

Pandanggo is a Philippine folk dance which has

become popular in the rural areas of the Philippines.
The dance evolved from Fandango, a Spanish folk
dance, which arrived in the Philippines during the
Hispanic period. This dance, together with the Jota,
became popular among the illustrados or the upper
class and later adapted among the local
communities. In the early 18th century, any dance
that is considered jovial and lively was called Pandanggo.

A salakt is a traditional wide-brimmed hat from the

Philippines. It is often made of either rattan or reeds,
and is a traditional headdress besides the iconic
conical Asian hat found in neighbouring South,
Southeast and East Asian countries.
Jolina Alriz Dizon
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FAMOUS GROUP OR ARTIS IN DANCE (Foreign)

Lady Gaga

Lady Gaga is a rock/pop/electro superstar - her

music has conquered the world in a very short
time. She references Madonna and Cyndi
Lauper and modernizes it for a new
generation. There is no denying that her
mission is to make the world dance.

Scissor Sisters

Scissor Sisters are redefining pop music with a

playful edge; fusing rock, dance, and just about
everything else with incredibly well-written songs
and hooks that force you to sing along. Baby Daddy
teamed up with lead singer Jake Shears to form the
nucleus which expanded to include self-described
"drag queen stuck in a woman's body" Ana Matronic,
drummer Paddy Boom and guitarist Del Marquis.

Pet Shop Boys

The Pet Shop Boys have more than twenty years at the
forefront of electronic pop/dance music. With their
catalog of masterpieces, it's hard to believe that theyve
yet to win a Grammy (despite six nominations), yet The
Brits recently recognized them this year with a well-
deserved award for Outstanding Contribution to Music.
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FAMOUS ARTIST OR GROUP IN DANCE (Local)

Maja Ross Andres Salvador is a Filipina actress, dancer, model, and
producer. Salvador is a member of a family of actors which includes her
father, Ross Rival, cousin, Jobelle Salvador, and uncle Phillip Salvador. She
is currently under the management of ABS-CBN's Star Magic and is regarded
as the "Dance Princess".

Ferdinand Hipolito Navarro, better known as Vhong Navarro, is a Filipino

comedian, actor, dancer, singer and TV host of ABS-CBN. He is part of the
dance group Streetboys in the Philippines.

Virgilio Viernes Hilario, Jr. (born August 11, 1976), better known by his
stage name Jhong Hilario, is a Filipino actor, dancer and politician. He is part
of the dance group Streetboys in the Philippines. He is currently serving as a
member of Makati City Council, elected last May 9, 2016 under the ticket of
Mayor Abi Binay.
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LATEST TREND

BoybandPH, abbreviated as BPH, is a Filipino boy band based in Manila.

The group is composed of Ford Valencia, Joao Constancia, Niel Murillo,
Russell Reyes, and Tristan Ramirez. The group was formed on December 11,
2016, after winning the first season of ABS-CBN's reality show Pinoy
Boyband Superstar, a franchise of Simon Cowell's Latin American singing
competition La Banda.After winning the competition, the group released
their first single on January 1, 2017 entitled "Unli". It was followed by their
second single, which is a cover of Depeche Mode's "Somebody" on February
14, 2017. They released their debut, self-titled album on February 4, 2017
under Star Music. On April 2, 2017, they were awarded with the Gold Record
Award, with their album reaching over 7,500 copies sold in less than two
months.

Exo (Korean: ; stylized as EXO) is a South Korean-Chinese boy group

based in Seoul. Formed by S.M. Entertainment in 2011, the group debuted
in 2012 with twelve members separated into two subgroups, Exo-K (Suho,
Baekhyun, Chanyeol, D.O., Kai, and Sehun) and Exo-M (Xiumin, Lay, Chen
and former members Kris, Luhan and Tao [fn 2] ), performing music in
Korean and Mandarin respectively. Exo's first album XOXO (2013), which
contained the breakthrough hit "Growl", was a critical and commercial
success, winning both Disk Daesang at the 28th Golden Disk Awards and
Album of the Year at the 15th Mnet Asian Music Awards. It sold over one
million copies, making Exo the best-selling Korean artist in twelve years.[1]
Subsequent albums and EPs continued with strong sales, and Exo were
ranked the most influential celebrity by Forbes Korea Power Celebrity for the
years 2014[2] and 2015.[3] They have been named "the biggest boyband in
the world" by media outlets.[4]
Jolina Alriz Dizon
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