Siri Cemerlang Kimia Dui Behasa -~Malayu English Set 01 Mol [Zarah Jisim Isipadu] Mol [Particle Mass Volume] Set 02 Formula Kimia Chemical Formula Set 03 Seimbang Persamaan Balance Equation Set 04 Pengiraan IRS Calculation IRS http:/ /cikguadura. wordpress.com | cikguadura@gmail.comSiriRevision 01 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Bilangan Mol The mole Definasi Definition. A. Bilangan Mol Dan Bilangan Zarah The mole and The number of particle 1. Zarah adalah [Berikan definasi dan contoh untuk bahan-bahan di bawah] Particle are : [Give the definitions and the example for the substances below] Atom Molekul Ion Atom Molecule Jon 2. Formula Formula Aktiviti A : Selesaikan semua soalan dibawah Activity A : Solve all the question below. Diberikan, nombor Avogadro ialah 6.02 x 102° Given the Avogadro constance is 6.02 x 10% 1. Diberikan 0.2 mol gas oksigen. Kirakan Given 0.2 mol of oxygen gas. Calculate the a. Bilangan molekul oksigen b, Bilangan atom oksigen Number of oxygen molecules Number of oxygen atoms Page 1 | update: Jan 2016 |cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 01 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 2. Diberikan 0.2 mol gas klorin. Kirakan Given 0.2 mol of chlorine gas. Calculate the a. Bilangan molekul klori Number of chlorine molecules 3. Diberikan 9.03 x 10? atom hidrogen. Given 9.03 x 10 atoms of hydrogen. Calcul a. Bilangan mol atom hidrogen moles of hydrogen atoms 4. Diberikan 4.214 x 1024 atom nitrogen. b. Bilangan atom klorin Number of chlorine atoms Kirakan ate the b, Bilangan mol molekul hidrogen moles of hydrogen molecules Kirakan Given 4.214 x 10% atoms nitrogen. Calculate the a. Bilangan mol atom nitrogen moles of nitrogen atoms b, Bilangan mol molekul nitrogen moles of nitrogen molecules Page 2 | update: Jan 2016 |cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 01 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 5. Diberikan 2.709 x 102° molekul bromin. Kirakan Given 2.709 x 10% molecules of bromine. Calculate the a. bilangan atom bromin b. Bilangan mol molekul bromin number of bromine atoms moles of bromine molecules 6. Diberikan 1.204 x 10?° molekul karbon dioksida, CO2. Kirakan Given 1.204 x 10% molecules of carbon dioxide, CO», Calculate the a. Bilangan mol molekul karbon b. Bilangan mol atom oksigen dioksida moles of oxygen atoms moles of carbon dioxide molecules 7. Diberikan 2.5 mol ferum(lll) klorida, FeCls. Kirakan Given 2.5 mol of iron{ill) chloride, FeCl, Calculate the a. Bilangan ion ferum(lll) klorida b. bilangan ion klorida, Cl- number of iron(II) chloride ions number of chloride ions, Cl. Page 3 | update: Jan 2016 |cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 01 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak B. Bilangan Mol Dan Jisim The Mole And The Mass 1. Formula Formula: 2. Jisim Molar bagi Molar mass for Atom Molekul Ton Atom Molecule Ton ‘Sama dengan Sama dengan ‘Sama dengan Jisim Atom Relatif Jisim Molekul Relatif Jisim Formula Relatif JAR [nombor Nukleon] | JMR JFR Equal to Equal to Equal to Relative Atomic Mass RAM | Relative Molecule Mass Relative Formula Mass nucleon number] RMM REM Contoh : Kirakan jisim untuk: Example : Calculation the Mass for: [Atom = nombor nukleon] | [Jumlah semua JAR atom | [Jumlah semua JAR atom [atom = nucleon number} | di dalam molekul] di dalam sebatian ion] [Total all RAM of atom in [Total all RAM of atom in molecule] ionik compound} i, HoO = i, CuSO, ii, CO2 = ii, NaCl iii, O2 = iii, KBr = Aktiviti B ; Selesaikan semua soalan di bawah: Activity B: Solve all the question below. 1, Kirakan bilangan mol bahan berikut Calculate the number of moles of the substance : a. 4 g Kuprumi(ll) oksida, CuO b. 2.5 Zink karbonat, ZnCOs 4 g of copper|{l) oxide ,CuO 2.5 g of zine carbonate, ZnCO3 [JAR| RAM : Cu=64, O=16] [JAR] RAM : Zn=65, C=12; 0-16] Page 4 | update: Jan 2016 |cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 01 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 2. Kirakan jisim dalam gram untuk: Calculate the mass in gram for a. 5 Mol atom Ferum b, 0.2 mol molekul air, H20 5 mol iron atom 0.2 mol of air molecules, HO. [JAR |RAM : Fe=56] [JAR |RAM : H=1, O=16] c. 4.5 mol Kalsium karbonat, CaCOs 4.5 mol of calcium carbonate, CaCO3. [JAR | RAM : Ca=40, C=12, 0-16] C. Bilangan Mol dan Isipadu The mole dan The volume 1, Definisi Isipadu Molar ialah jumlah isipadu yang ditempati oleh 1 mol bagi sebarang gas. Definition of Molar Volume is a volume that occupied by 1 mole of any gas. 2. Unitnya ialah dm® mol The unit is dm* mol 3. Isipadu Molar mempunyai dua keadaan: 1. pada suhu dan tekanan piawai, STP, nilai isipadu molarnya adalah 22.4 dm? mol, Il, pada keadaan bilik, nilai isipadu molarnya adalah 24.0 dm? mol. Molar votume has two situation: I. at standard, temperature and pressure , STP, the molar volume value is 22.4 dm® mol- Il. at room condition, the molar volume value is 24.0 dm* mot 4. Formula: formula: Page 5 | update: Jan 2016 |cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 01 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Aktiviti C : Jawab semua soalan di bawah: Acitivity C : Answer all the question below. 1, Berapakah isipadu bagi 0.3 mol gas sulfur dioksida pada STP [Isipadu molar pada STP ialah 22.4 dm® mol] (Jwpn: 6.72 dm) What is the volume of 0.3 mole of sulphur dioxide gas at STP? [Molar volume at STP is 22.4 dm? mol] (Ans: 6.72 dm’) 2. Cari bilangan mol gas oksigen yang terkandung dalam sampel 120 cm® gas pada keadaan bilik. [Isipadu molar pada Suhu Bilik ialah 24 dm® mol] (Jwpn: 0.005 mol) Find the number of moles of oxygen gas contained in a sample of 120 cm! of the gas at room conditions. [Molar volume at room conditions is 24 dm’ mot] (ans: 0.005 mol) Page 6 | update: Jan 2016 |cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 01 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Bilangan Mol, Jisim, Isipadu dan Bilangan Zarah The Mole, Mass, Volume and Number of Particles Dari formula bilangan mol, From the formula of mol, Bilangan Mol = bilangan zarah | Bilangan Mol im Bilangan Mol = Isipadu Pemalar Avogadro Jisim Molar Isipadu Volume No. Of particles ‘Mol = Mass ‘Mol = Volume Avogadro Constant Molar Mass Molar Volume Oleh itu, formulanya ialah Then the formula can be bilangan zarah == Jisim Pemalar Avogadro Jisim Molar No. Of particles = Mass Avogadro Constant Molar Mass bilangan zarah = Isipadu Pemalar Avogadro Isipadu Volume .. No. Ofparticles = Volume ‘Avogadro Constant Molar Volume Jisim = Isipadu Jisim Molar Isipadu Volume.. Mass = Volume ‘Molar Mass Molar Volume 1, Kirakan bilangan atom yang terkandung dalam: Calculate the number of atoms contain in: a. 1.2 g magnesium b. 10g Kalsium 1.29 of magnesium |JAR| RAM Mg=24] | 104 of calcium. [JAR| RAM Ca=40] Page 7 | update: Jan 2016 |cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 01 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak c. 3 g Karbon 3g of carbon, |JAR|RAM C=12] 2. Kirakan bilangan molekul di dalam Calculate number of molecules contain in : a. 6.4 g oksigen, O2 6.4 g of oxygen, O2 [JAR | RAM O=16] 3. Kirakan jisim di dalam gram untuk Calculate the mass in gram for a. 1.204 x 10” atoms magnesium. 1.204 x 102° atoms of magnesium. [JAR|RAM Mg=24] d. 1.6 g gas Oksigen 1.6 of oxygen gas. |JAR| RAM O=16] b. 11 g Karbon dioksida, CO2 11 g of carbon dioxide, CO, [JAR | RAM C=12, O=16] b. 3.612 x 10% molekul oksigen. 3,612 x 10% molecules of oxygen. [JAR | RAM O=16] Page 8 | update: Jan 2016 |cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 01 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 4. Kirakan bilangan molekul air di dalam 90 g air [JAR H=1; O 16, Pemalar Avogadro, Na: 6.02 x 102° mol-!] (Jwpn; 3.01x 1024 molekul) Calculate the number of water molecules in 90 g of water. [RAM H=1; O= 16, Avogadro constant, Na: 6.02 x 10% mol] (Ans; 3.01x 10% molecules) 5. Berapakah isipadu bagi 24 g metana, CH, pada STP? [JAR H=1; C=12, Isipadu Molar pada STP ialah 22.4 dm* mol] (Jwpn : 33.6 dm*) What is the volume of 24 g methane, CH: at STP? [RAM H=1; C=12, Molar volume at STP is 22.4 dm® mol] (Ans: 33.6 dm) 6. Berapakah bilangan ion aluminium yang terkandung di dalam 20.4 g aluminium oksida? [JAR O=16; Al-27, Pemalar Avogadro, Na: 6.02 x 102° mol] (Jwpn: 2 x 0.2 x 6.02 x102- 2.408 X 102? ion) How many aluminium ions are there in 20.4 g of aluminium oxide? [RAM for O= 16; Al=27, Avogadro constant, Nj: 6.02 x 10” mot] (Ans: 2.x 0.2.x 6.02 x10%- 2.408 X 10% ions) Page 9 | update: Jan 2016 |cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 01 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 7. Kira bilangan molekul hidrogen yang terkandung dalam 6 dm® gas hidrogen pada keadaan bilik. [isi padu Molar pada keadaan bilik adalah 24 dm® mol, pemalar Avogadro, Na: 6.02 x 1.0% mol] (Jawapan: 1.505x1023 molekul} Calculate the number of hydrogen molecules contained in 6 dm® of hydrogen gas at room conditions. [Molar volume at room conditions is 24 dim? mot, Avogadro constant, Na: 6.02 x 10% mol] (Ans: 1.505x10* molecules) 8. Cari isi padu nitrogen dalam cm® pada STP yang mengandungi 2.408 x 102° molekul nitrogen. [Isipadu Molar pada STP adalah 22.4 dm? mol-!, Pemalar Avogadro, NA: 6.02x 10? mol-!] (Jawapan: 8960 cm?) Find the volume of nitrogen in em? at STP that consists of 2.408 x 10% nitrogen molecules. [Molar volume at STP is 22.4 dm® mot, Avogadro constant, Nj: 6.02 x 10% mot] (Ans: 8960 cm) Page 10 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 02 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Formula ion Tonic formuta 1, Sebatian ion terdiri dari ion bercas positif, Kation dan ion bercas negative, anion. Jonic compound are made up positively-charged ions, cations and negatively-charged ions, anions. 2. Kation dan anion ‘The cations and anions Kation Anion Cations Anions ‘Nama Ion Formula Nama Ion Formula Jon Name Formula Jon Name Formula Kalium ion Ion Fluorin Potassium ion Fluoride ion Ion Natrium Ion Klorin Sodium ion Chloride ion Ton Hidrogen Ton Bromida Hydrogen ion Bromide ion Ton Argentum Ton Iodida Silver ion Iodide ion Ton Ammonium Ton Hidroksida Ammonium ion Hydroxide ion Jon Litium Ion Nitrat Lithium ion Nitrate ion Ton Rubidium Ton Manganase(Vil) Rubidium ion Manganese (VI) ion Ion Barium Ion Karbonat Barium ion Carbonate ion Jon Kalsium Ion Oksida Calcium ion Oxide ion Ton Nikel{Il) Ton Sulfit Nickel (il) ion Sulphide ion Ion Kuprum Ton Sulfat Copper (il) ion Sulphate ion Ion Ferum({) Ton dikromat(VI) Jron (Il) ion Dichromate (VI) ion Ion Plumbum(i) Ton Kromat(V1) Lead (Il) ion Chromate (VI) ion Jon Zink Ion Fosfat Zinc ion Phosphate ion Ion Magnesium ‘Magnesium ion Jon Aluminim Aluminium ion Jon Ferum(Itl) Iron (If) ion Page 11 | update: Jan 2016 |cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 02 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 3. Kaedah untuk menentukan formula kimia adalah Kaedah Darab Silang. The method to determine the chemical formula is Cross Method pembentukan sebati jumlah cas negatif ("-") ionik, jumlah cas positif ") mesti mengimbangi During the formation of an ionic compound, the number of positive charge (“+”) must balance the number of negative charge (*-”) (i) cas yang sama (+1, -1) Same Charge (+1, -1) Contoh 1: Natrium Klorida Example 1: Sodium Chloride Langkah 1: Tulis ion-ions bersebelahan: Step 1: Write the ions side by side: Nat ct Langkah 2: Lukiskan anak panah yang merentasi satu sama lain: Step 2: Draw arrows that cross each other: Langkah 3: Masukkan nombor-nombor di hujung: Step 3 : Put the number of charges at the ends: Nat o< 1 1 ct Langkah 4: Tulis formula seperti berikut: Step 4: Write the formula as follows: 4) Menulis ion positif tanpa casnya: write the positive ion without its charge: Na 1b) Menulis ion negatif tanpa casnya: write the negative ion without its charge: acl ‘Cuba : Kalium klorida Try : Potassium Chloride Langkah 1: Tulis ion-ions bersebelahan: Step 1: Write the ions side by side: Langkah 2: Lukiskan anak panah yang merentasi satu sama lain: Step 2: Draw arrows that eross each other: oS Langkah 3: Masukkan nombor-nombor cas di hujung: Step 3 : Put the number of charges at the ends. o< Langkah 4: Tulis formula seperti berikut: Step 4: Write the formula as follows: 4) Menulis ion positif tanpa casnya: write the positive ion without its charge: Na +b) Menulis ion negatif tanpa casny write the negative ion without its charge: Page 12 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 02 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Aktiviti 15: Tuliskan formula kimia // Activity 15: Write chemical formula Nama Name Formula Formula Nama Name Nama Name Formula Formula Formula Formula Litium Klorida Lithium Chloride Kalium iodida Potassium lodide Natrium bromide Sodium Bromide ‘Argentum klorida Silver Chloride Litium iodida Lithium Iodide Kalium bromide Potassium bromide Natrium lodida | Sodium lodide ‘Argentum iodida Silver lodide Litium bromida Lithium bromide (ii) Cas yang sama (+2, -2) // Same Charge (+2, -2) Contoh 2 : Magnesium oksida Example 2 : Magnesium Oxide Langkah 1: Tulis ion-ions bersebelahan: Step 1: Write the ions side by side: Mge ° Langkah 2: Lukiskan anak panah yang merentasi satu sama lain: Step 2: Draw arrows that cross each other: a SS : Langkah 3: Masukkan nombor-nombor cas di hujung: Step 3 : Put the number of charges at the ends: Mg** mS 2 2 Langkah 4: Tulis formula seperti berikut: Step 4: Write the formula as follows: a) Menulis ion positif tanpa casnya: write the positive ion without its charge: Mg b) Menulis ion negatif tanpa casnya: write the negative ion without its MgO Cuba : Barium oksida Try : Barium Oxide Langkah 1: Tulis ion-ions bersebelahan: Step 1: Write the ions side by side. Baz oe Langkah 2: Lukiskan anak panah yang merentasi satu sama lain: Step 2: Draw arrows that cross each other: oS Langkah 3: Masukkan nombor-nombor cas di hujung: Step 3 : Put the number of charges at the >< Langkah 4: Tulis formula seperti berikut: Step 4: Write the formula as follows: a) Menulis ion positif tanpa casny write the positive ion without its charge: 'b) Menulis ion negatif tanpa casnya: write the negative ion without its charge: Page 13 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 02 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Aktiviti 16 : Tuliskan formula kimia // Activity 16: Write chemical formula Nama Formula Nama Formula Nama Formula Name Formula Name Formula Name Formal: Kalsium oksida Zink Oksida Kuprum(Il) Oksida Calcium Oxide Zine Oxide Copper{tl) Oxide Ferum(II) oksida Iron(Il) Oxide Plumbum(II) Oks Lead(ll) Oxide NOTA: Kuprum(ll) da Kobalt{Il) Oksida Cobalt(ll) Oxide ‘Cue, Ferum(ll) = Fe, Plumbum(ll) = Pb*, Kobalt(ll) = Co” NOTE: Copper{ll) = Cu, iron(II) = Fe?*, Leadi{{l) = Pb, Cobalt(il) = Co?* (iii) Cas yang berbeza (+2, -1) / / Different Charge (+2, -1) Contoh 3 : Magnesium lodida Example 3 : Magnesium lodide Langkah 1: Tulis ion-ions bersebelahan: Step 1: Write the ions side by side: Mg I Langkah 2: Lukiskan anak panah yang merentasi satu sama lain: Step 2: Draw arrows that cross each other: Mg Langkah 3: Masukkan nombor-nombor cas di hujung: Step 3 : Put the number of charges at the ends: Langkah 4: Tulis formula seperti berikut: Step 4: Write the formula as follows. a) Menulis ion positif tanpa casnya: write the positive ion without its charge: Mg b) Menulis ion negatif tanpa casnya: write the negative ion without its charge: Mgl c} Menulis nombor sebagai subskrip (Jangan tulis, jika 1): write the number as a subscript (don’t write, if 1): Mgh Cuba: Magnesium klorida Try : Magnesium Chloride Langkah 1: Tulis ion-ions bersebelahan: Step 1: Write the ions side by side: Mee cr Langkah 2: Lukiskan anak panah yang merentasi satu sama lain: Step 2: Draw arrows that cross each other: oS Langkah 3: Masukkan nombor-nombor cas di hujung: Step 3 : Put the number of charges at the ends: Langkah 4: Tulis formula seperti berikut: Step 4: Write the formula as follows: a) Menulis ion positif tanpa casnya: write the positive ion without its charge: b) Menulis ion negatif tanpa casnya: write the negative ion without its charge: ¢) Menulis nombor sebagai subskrip (Jangan tulis, jika 1): write the number as a subscript (don't write if 1): Page 14 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 02 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Aktiviti 17 : Tuliskan formula kimia // Activity 17: Write chemical formula Nama Formula Nama Formula Nama Formula Name Formuta Name Formuta Name Formula Kalsium klorida Zink iodida Kuprum(Il) Klorida Calcium Chloride Zine lodide Copper(ll) Chloride | Ferumi(II) lodida | Plumbumi(I) klorida | Kobalt(Il) iodida Iron(Il) Jodide Lead({1) Chloride Cobait(t) iodide NOTA: Kuprum(li) = Cu, Ferumil) = Fe**, Plumbum(ll) = Pb*, Kobaltill) = Co” NOTE: Copper{il) = Cu*, Iron(il) = Fe**, Lead{{l) = Pb", Cobalt(il) (iv) Cas Berbeza (+1, -2) // Different Charge (+1, -2) Contoh 4: Natrium oksida Example 4 : Sodium Oxide Langkah 1: Tulis ion-ions bersebelahan: Step 1: Write the ions side by side: Nat Langkah 2: Lukiskan anak panah yang merentasi satu sama lain: Step 2: Draw arrows that cross each other: oS Langkah 3: Masukkan nombor-nombor cas di hujung: Step 3 : Put the number of charges at the ends: Nat Langkah 4: Tulis formula seperti berikut: Step 4: Write the formula as follows: a) Menulis ion positif tanpa casnya: write the positive ion without its charge: Na b) Menulis nombor sebagai subskrip (Jangan tulis, jika 1): write the number as a subscript (don’t write if 1): Ni ¢) Menulis ion negatif tanpa casnya: write the negative ion without its charge: Cuba : Kalium oksida Try : Potassium Oxide Langkah 1: Tulis ion-ions bersebelahan: Step 1: Write the ions side by side: kK oO Langkah 2: Lukiskan anak panah yang merentasi satu sama lain: Step 2: Draw arrows that cross each other: o< Langkah 3: Masukkan nombor-nombor cas di hujung: Step 3 : Put the number of charges at the ends: Langkah 4: Tulis formula seperti berikut: Step 4: Write the formula as follows: a) Menulis ion positif tanpa casnya: write the positive ion without its charge: 'b) Menulis nombor sebagai subskrip (Jangan tulis, jika 1): write the number as a subscript (don't write if 1): c) Menulis ion negatif tanpa casnya: write the negative ion without its charge: Page 15 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 02 - Cemert Aktiviti 18: Tuliskan formula kimia // Activit Nama // Name Nama Name Formula Formule lang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak ity 18: Write chemical formula Nama Name Formula Formula Formula Formule Litium oksida Lithium Oxide Argentum oksida Silver Oxide Kuprum(I) oksida Copper{l) Oxide NOTA: Kuprum(l) = Cur // NOTE: Copper(l) = Cu" (v) Cas Berbeza // Different Charge Contoh 5 : Aluminium oksida Example 5: Aluminium oxide Langkah 1: Tulis ion-ions bersebelahan: Step 1: Write the ions side by side: Ab °: Langkah 2: Lukiskan anak panah yang merentasi satu sama lain: Step 2: Draw arrows that cross each other: ‘AR On Langkah 3: Masukkan nombor-nombor cas di hujung: Step 3 : Put the number of charges at the ends. oz z 3 Langkah 4: Tulis formula seperti berikut: Step 4: Write the formula as follows: a) Menulis ion positif tanpa casnya: write the positive ion without its charge: Al b) Menulis nombor sebagai subskrip (Jangan tulis, jika 1) write the number as a subscript (don’t write if 1): Ab c} Menulis ion negatif tanpa casnya: write the negative ion without its charge: ALO ) Menulis nombor sebagai subskrip (Jangan tulis, jika 1): write the number as a subscript (don’t write if 1): AL Cuba : Ferum(IIl) oksida Try : Iron (Ill) Oxide Langkah 1: Tulis ion-ions bersebelahan: Step 1: Write the ions side by side. Fes+ Langkah 2: Lukiskan anak panah yang merentasi satu sama lain: Step 2: Draw arrows that cross each other: oS Langkah 3: Masukkan nombor-nombor cas di hujung: Step 3 : Put the number of charges at the ends: Langkah 4: Tulis formula seperti berikut: Step 4: Write the formula as follows: a) Menulis ion positif tanpa casnya: write the positive ion without its charge: b) Menulis nombor sebagai subskrip (Jangan tulis, jika 1) write the number as a subscript (don't write if 1): c) Menulis ion negatif tanpa casnya: write the negative ion without its charge: d) Menulis nombor sebagai subskrip (Jangan tulis, jika 1): write the number as a subscript (don't write if 1): Page 16 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 02 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak (vi) Cas Berbeza - untuk ion po! tomilk / Different Charge — for polyatomic ion Contoh 6 : Natrium karbonat Example 6 : Sodium carbonate Langkah 1: Tulis ion-ions bersebelahan: Step 1: Write the ions side by side: Nat COs Langkah 2: Lukiskan anak panah yang merentasi satu sama lain: ‘Step 2: Draw arrows that cross each other: ae Langkah 3: Masukkan nombor-nombor cas di hujung: Step 3 : Put the number of charges at the ends: Nat o< 2 1 COs2 Langkah 4: Tulis formula seperti berikut: Step 4: Write the formula as follows: a) Menulis ion positif tanpa casnya: write the positive ion without its charge: Na b) Menulis nombor sebagai subskrip (Jangan tulis, jika 1): write the number as a subscript (don’t write if 1): Naz c} Menulis ion negatif tanpa casnya: write the negative ion without its charge: Na.COs Contoh 7 : Ammonium karbonat Example 7 : Ammonium carbonate Langkah 1: Tulis ion-ions bersebelahan: Step 1: Write the ions side by side: NH CO Langkah 2: Lukiskan anak panah yang merentasi satu sama lain: Step 2: Draw arrows that cross each other: NHy coe Langkah 3: Masukkan nombor-nombor cas di hujung: Step 3 : Put the number of charges at the ends: Langkah 4: Tulis formula seperti berikut: Step 4: Write the formula as follows: a) Menulis ion positif tanpa casnya: write the positive ion without its charge: NH b) Menulis nombor sebagai subskrip (Jangan tulis, jika 1): write the number as a subscript (don't write if 1): (NH) c} Menulis ion negatif tanpa casnya: write the negative ion without its charge: (NH4).COs. Aktiviti 19 : Tuliskan formula kimia_/ / Activity 19: Write chemical formula Nama /Name | Fo™® | Nama /Name | °™"I*| Nama / Name | Formule Magnesium Ammonium hidroksida aluminium Sica Magnesium onic Ammonium Oxide Hydroxide Aluminium Oxide Aluminium Ammonium Barium hidroksida hidroksida hidroksida Aluminium Ammonium Barium Hydroxide Hydroxide Hydroxide Page 17 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 03 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Persamaan Kimia / Chemistry Equation Persamaan mennjukkan: Bahan menghasilkan produk Equations shows: reactance produce products Bahan-bahan / Reactance > hasil-hasil / products A + B > c+ D A. Kaedah untuk menyeimbangkan persamaan / The Method of balancing equations Contoh : Magnesium terbakar di dalam oksigen untuk menghasilkan magnesium oksida Example : Magnesium burning in oxygen to produce magnesium oxide Magnesium + — Oksigen (molekul) > — magnesium oksida Magnesium + — Oxygen (molecule) > magnesium oxide ‘Tukarkan kepada formula kimia / Convert to chemical formula: + Mg On > MgO, Kanan/ Right » Magnesium A Oksigen/ Oxygen Oksigen/ Oxygen +1 Nota: Oksigen BELUM SEIMBANG i sebelah KIRI Note: Oxygen is NOT BALANCE at Right side Jadi, bagaimana mendapatkan oksigen menjadi 2? DARAB dengan 2. So, how to get oxygen become 2? TIMES with 2. KITA TIDAK BOLEH MENGUBAH FORMULA KIMIA : MgO. | SALAH WE CANNOT CHANGE the CHEMICAL FORMULA: MgQ2 | WRONG MESTI MELETAKKAN NOMBOR 2 DI DEPAN FORMULA KIMIA MUST PUT THE NUMBERS 2 INFRONT THE CHEMICAL FORMULA 2 MgO MENJADIKAN / MAKE Magnesium 12 Oksigen/ Oxide tes Mg + O2 > 2Mgo Right ‘Oksigen/ Oxygen SEKARANG, Oksigen seimbang. TETAPI MAGNESIUM BELUM SEIMBANG NOW, Oxygen is balance. BUT MAGNESIUM STILL NOT BALANCE ‘Oksigen/ Oxygen : 2 Letakkan nombor 2 2 hadapan Mg /Put number 2 infront Mg ig+ Oz > 2™Mgo Kiri/ Left Kanan/ Right Magnesium :2 Magnesium : 2 Oksigen/ Oxygen Oksigen/ Oxygen :2 SEKARAN, PERSAMAAN TELAH SEIMBANG NOW, EQUATION IS BALANCE Page 18 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 03 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Cuba seimbang persamaan berikut /Try balance this Equation: 1. Zink terbakar di dalam oksigen menghasilkan zink oksida Zine burning in oxygen to produce Zine Oxide Zn + Or > ZnO 2. Kalsium terbakar di dalam oksigen menghasilkan kalsium oksida Calcium burning in oxygen to produce Calcium Oxide Ca + Or > CaO 3. Kalium terbakar di dalam oksigen menghasilkan kalium oksida Potassium burning in oxygen to produce Potassium Oxide K + Oz > K,0 4. Natrium terbakar di dalam oksigen menghasillkan natrium oksida Sodium burning in oxygen to produce Sodium Oxide Na + Or > Na2O Page 19 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 03 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Aktiviti 1 / Activity 1 1, Kalium hidroksida bertindak balas dengan asid nitrit menghasilkan kalium nitrat dan air Potassium hydroxide react with nitric acid produces potassium nitrate and water. KOH + HNOs3 > KNO3s + H20 2. Logam kalium terbakar dalam gas bromin menghasilkan kalium bromida Potassium metal burnt in bromine gas produce potassium bromide K + Bro > KBr 3. Logam zink bertindak balas dengan asid hidroklorik menghasilkan zink klorida dan gas hidrogen Zine metal react with hydrochloride acid to produce zine chloride and hydrogen gas. Zn + HCl > ZnCh + Ha 4. Apabila magnesium karbonat ditambah ke dalam asid hidroklorik, magnesium klorida, karbon dioksida dan air terhasil. When a magnesium carbonate is added into a hydrochloric acid, magnesium chloride, carbon dioxide and water produced. MgCO3 + HCl > MgCl + CO2 + H2O 5. Magnesium karbonat terion kepada magnesium oksida dan karbon dioksida apabila di panaskan. Magnesium carbonate dissociate to magnesium oxide and carbon dioxide when heated. MgCO3 > MgO + CO2z 6. Barium klorida bertindak balas dengan natrium sulfat menghasilkan barium sulfat dan natrium klorida. Barium chloride reacts with sodium sulphate produce barium sulphate and sodium chloride BaCly + Na2SOsa> BaSO4 + NaCl Page 20 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 03 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Aktiviti 2 : Seimbangkan persamaan kimia di bawah. Activity 2: Balance the chemical equations below. 1. Al + Ch— AICls3 2. Mg+ HNOs — Mg(NOs)2 + Ho Se CO+ O2 > CO2 4. No + H2 — NHs 5. CoHa + O2 —~ CO2 + HO 6. IK{ORy ap (0) 5 1 ap (C05) 7. Al + O2 > AbOs 8. Cu(OH)2+ HCl — CuCl + H20 9. Fe + Ch- FeCls 10. CaHs + Oz —~ CO2 + H20 Page 21 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.com11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. SiriRevision 03 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Ca(OH)2+ HCl CaCh + HO FeCl3 + (NHa)2S— Fe2S3+ NHaCl KNO3 — KNO2 + O2 Ag20 > Ag + Oa CaHio + O2—> CO2 + H20 ST) a tipeeetet et Ip + KBr AsClz3 + HS — As2S3+ HCl CsHi200 + O2 > CO2+ H20 Al + H2SO4 > = Ak(SO4)3_ + Ho Fe + Chk > FeCls CsHi2 + O24 CO2+ H20 Page 22 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.com22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. SiriRevision 03 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak NH3 + O2> No + HO KOH + H2SO4— K2SO4+ H20 NoHa + N204 > No + H20 Fo+ H20—> HF+O2 NazO + H20 > NaOH NazCO3 + HNO3— H20 + CO2+ NaNOs Ca3P2+ H20—> PH3 + Ca(OH)2 IBr+ NH3—> NIs+ NHaBr NH4NO3 > No2+ H2O0+ Oz Cu+ O2 —> CuO C+ O2- CO2 Page 23 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.com33. 34. 35. 36. SiriRevision 03 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak H2+ PbO— Pb + H20 H2 + Chk HCl NaOH+ H2SO4— Na2SO4+ H20 Fe + Cha > FeCls Page 24 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Pengiraan yang melibatkan persamaan / Calculation involve equation — IRS Formula kimia [Mengingat Semula] / Chemical Formulae [Remember] : Mol = Bilangan Zarah (AIM} Mol = Number of Particles Pemalar Avogadro Avogadro constant Mol = Jisim Mol = Mass Jisim Molar Molar Mass Mol = _Isipadu ‘Mol = _ Volume Isipadu Molar Molar Volume [STP, 22.4 dm, [STP, 22.4 dm, Suhu Bilik, 24 dm°] Room Condition, 24 dm] Mol = _MV_|M-=kepekatan, moldm® | Mol=_MV_ | M= molarity, moldm> 1000 | V_ =Isipadu dalam cm* 1000 V = Volume in cm? Langkah Penyelesaian Soalan Melibatkan Persamaan Step to solve numerical equation [Kenalpasti Info - Mol yang diberikan] Langkah 1 : Kenal pasti bilangan mol maklumat yang diberikan Step 1: Determine the number of moles of information given Gunakan formula Mol di atas Used formula of moles above [Buat ratio berdasarkan persamaan dan pengiraan dari Info] Langkah 2 : Buatkan nisbah ‘Step 2: Make ratio: Dari persamaan : X mol maklumat dibarikan > — Y mol soalan tanya From equation: X moles of information > — ¥moles of question ask Dari pengiraan: From calculation Z mol pengiraan infomasi > Zx¥_ mol soalan tanya x Z moles calculation of information > _ZxY¥ moles of question ask x [Selesaikan Soal yang ditanya di dalam soalan] Langkah 3 : Selesaikan apa yang soalan tanya Step 3: Solve what question ask Bilangan mol € dapat dari langkah 2 Number of moles <~- get from step 2 Page 25 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Aktiviti 1: Selesaikan masalah yang melibatkan persamaan Activity 1: Numerical problems involving chemical equations 1. Zn + = 2HCl > mC + tb Hitung jisim zink yang diperlukan untuk bertindak balas dengan asid hidroklorik untuk menghasilkan 6 dm? gas hidrogen pada suhu bilik. [RAM: Zn = 65, Cl = 35.5, gas 1 mol menempati 24 dm® mol pada keadaan bili] (Jwpn: 16.258) Calculate the mass for zine required to react with hydrochloric acid to produce 6 dm* hydrogen gas at room temperature [RAM: Zn=65, C1=35.5, 1 mole gas occupy 24 dm mot at room condition] (Ans : 16.259) Info [Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol 1 Formula mol Info Solve Formula From eq From caleulation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan 2. 4K + O02 > 2K.0 Hitung jisim kalium yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan 23.5 g kalium oksida. [JAR: K=39, O=16] (Jwpn: 19.5 g) Calculate the mass of potassium required to produce 25 [RAM: K=39, O=16] (Ans: 19.5 g) 5 g potassium oxide. Info Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq. From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 26 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 3. HO. > HL (i) Seimbangkan persamaan di atas / Balance the equation (ii) Hitungkan bilangan mol bagi H202 yang diperlukan untuk mengurai dan menghasilkan 11.2 dm gas oksigen pada STP. [JAR: H=1, O16, 1 mol gas menempati 22.4 dm? mot! pada STP] (Jwpn: 1 mol) Calculate the number of mole for HO, is required to decomposes and produce 11.2 dm’ oxygen gas at STP. [RAM: H=1, O=16, I mole gas occupy 22.4 dm mol at STP] (Ans: 1 mol) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq. From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan 4. 8.0 g serbuk kuprum(lI) oksida dicampurkan dengan asid nitrat dan dipanaskan. Hitung jisim kuprum(II) nitrat yang terhasil [JAR: N= 14, O = 16, Cu = 64] (Jwpn: 18.83) 8.0 g copper{ll) oxide powder was mix with nitrate acid and was heated. Calculate the mass of copper(ll) nitrate had produced. [RAM for N=14, O=16, Cu=64] (Ans : 18.89) Persamaan : Equation Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 27 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 5. 1.3 g zink telah bertindak balas dengan asid sulfurik. Hitung jumlah pelepasan gas hidrogen pada STP. [RAM: Zn = 65, H = 1, S = 32, 0 = 16, 1 mol gas menempati 22.4 dm® mol-! pada STP] (Jwpn: 448 cm® / 0.448 dm) 1.3 g zine was reacting with sulphuric acid. Calculate the volume of hydrogen gas rele’ at STP. [RAM: Zn=65, H=1, S=32, O=16, 1 mole gas occupy 22.4 dm® mol! at STP] (Ans : 448 cm:/0.448 dm) Persamaan : Equation Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan 6. Hitung isi padu gas klorin pada keadaan bilik, yang diperlukan untuk pembakaran dengan 0.46 g natrium dalam gas klorin. [RAM: Cl = 35.5, Na = 23, 1 mol gas menempati 24 dm? mol! pada keadaan bilik] (Jwpn: 0.24 dm*) Calculate the volume of chlorine gas at room condition, required for combustion with 0.46 g sodium in chlorine gas. [RAM for Cl=35.5, Na=23, 1 mole gas occupy 24 dm’ mot! at room condition] (Ans : 0.24 dm°) Persamaan : Equation Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 28 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 7. 720 cm? propena terbakar dalam gas oksigen pada keadaan bilik. Hitung jisim karbon dioksida yang terhasil? [RAM: C = 12, H= 1, 0 = 16, 1 mol gas menempati 24 dm? mol! pada keadaan bilik] (Jwpn: 3.96g) 720 em: propene at room condition combustion in oxygen gas. Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide produce ? [RAM for C=12, H=1, O16, 1 mole gas occupy 24 dm® mot! at room condition] (Ans : 3.969) GH + O02 > CO: + HO [Seimbangkan dulu / Balance First] Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol L Formula mol Info Solve Formula Fromeq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pemnyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan 8. 9.4 g kuprumi(II) nitrat, Cu(NOs)2 dipanaskan sehingga tiada tindak balas telah berlaku. Hitung isi padu gas yang terbebas STP. [JAR: Cu = 64, N= 14, 0 = 16, 1 mol gas menempati 22.4 dm® mol! pada STP] (Jwpn: 0.56 dm) 9.4 g copper(il) nitrate, Cu(NOz), heated until no reaction was happen. Calculate the volume oxygen gas release at STP. [RAM for Cu=64, N=14, O=16, I mole gas occupy 22.4 dm’ mol at STP] (Ans : 0.56 dm’) Persamaan : ‘Equation Info / Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol L Formula mol Info. Solve Formula From eq From calsulaton Convert to Statement / Pemyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 29 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 9. Hidrogen peroksida terurai mengikut persamaan berikut: Hydrogen peroxide decomposes according to the following equation: 24202 > 20+ Org) Hitung isi padu gas oksigen, O2 yang boleh diperolehi daripada penguraian 34 g hidrogen peroksida, H.O, yang diukur pada STP. [JAR: H = 1; O = 16, 1 moi gas menempati 22.4 dm® mol-!pada STP] (Jwpn: 11.2 dm®) Calculate the volume of oxygen gas, 0) measured at STP that can be obtained from the decomposition of 34 g of hydrogen peroxide, HO. [RAM: H=1 ; 0=16. Molar volume at STP is 22.4 dm’ mot] (Ans: 11.2 dm) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq. From caloulation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan 10. Argentum karbonat, Ag.COs mudah terurai apabila dipanaskan untuk menghasilkan logam argentum. Silver carbonate AgsCO; breaks down easily when heated to produce silver metal 2Ag,CO; > 4Ag + 2COz + 0 im argentum karbonat yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan 10 g argentum. ; O= 16; Ag=108] (Jwpn: =12.77g) Find the mass of silver carbonate that is required to produce 10 g of silver [RAM: C=12 ; O=16 ; Ag=108] (Ans : =12.77g) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq. From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 30 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 11. 16 g kuprum(I}) oksida, CaO bertindak balas dengan metana berlebihan, CHs. Dengan menggunakan persamaan di bawah, hitung jisim kuprum yang terhasil. [RAM: Cu = 64; O = 16] (Jwpn: 12.8 g) 16 g of copper{ll) oxide, CuO is reacted with excess methane,CH,. Using the equation below, find the mass of copper that is produced. > 4Cu + CO. + 20 Info Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan 12. Seorang murid memanaskan 20 g kalsium karbonat, CaCO dengan kuat. Ia terurai mengikut persamaan di bawah: A student heats 20 g of calcium carbonate, CaCO; strongly. It decomposes according to the equation below: Cacos C00 CO: (a). Jika karbon dioksida yang terhasil dikumpulkan pada keadaan bilik, berapakah jumlah isi padu itu? (Jpwn: 4.8 dm°) If the carbon dioxide produced is collected at room conditions, what is its volume? (Ans : 4.8 dm’) Info / Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol L Formula mol Info. Solve Formula From eq From calsulaton Convert to Statement / Pemyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 31 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak (b). Hitung jisim kalsium oksida, CaO yang terhasil. (Jwpn: 11.2 g) [RAM: C=12; ; Ca=40. Isi padu molar pada keadaan bilik adalah 24 dm mol] Calculate the mass of calcium oxide, CaO produced. (Ans. 11.2 g) [RAM for C=12 ; O=16; Ca=40. Molar volume at room conditions is 24 dm? mol] Info / Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol L Formula mol Info Solve Formula Fromeq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pemnyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 32 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Aktiviti 2: Mol dalam Persamaan Kimia I Activity 2: Mole in Chemical Equation I 1. 3.1 g kuprum(Il) karbonat dipanaskan untuk menghasilkan kuprum dan gas karbon oksida. [RAM: C 12; 0=16; Isi padu Molar ialah 22.4 dm® pada STP] 3.1 g of copper{ll) carbonate is heated to produced copper{ll) oxide and carbon dioxide gas. [RAM: Cu=64; C=12; O=16; Molar Volume is 22.4 dm’ at STP] cucos > cu0 + CO Daripada tindak balas, kirakan /From the reaction, calculate: (a) jisim kuprum(ll) oksida yang terhasil. (Jwpn. 2 g) the mass of copper{l) oxide produced. (Ans. 2 g) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq. From calculation Convert to Tukarkan kepada Statement / Pernyataan Solve it Selesaikan (b) isi padu gas karbon dioksida yang terhasil pada STP (Jwpn: 0.56 dm®) the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced at STP (Ans: 0.56 dm’) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 33 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Cucos > cuo0 + C02 Dalam tindak balas ini, 300 cm® gas karbon dioksida telah terhasil apabila kuprum(II) karbonat dipanaskan. [RAM: Ci 6; Isi padu Molar ialah 22.4 dm® pada STP] In this reaction, 300 em® carbon dioxide gas are produced when copper (II) carbonate is heated. [RAM: Cu=64; C=12; O=16; Molar Volume is 22.4 dm at STP] Hitung / Calculate: (a) jisim kuprum(II) karbonat yang digunakan. (Dan. 1.66 / 1.7 g) the mass of copper(il) carbonate used. (Ans. 1.66 / 1.7 g) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan (b) jisim kuprum({l) oksida yang terhasil. (Jwpn: 1.07 g} mass of copper{tl) oxide produced. (Ans: 1.07 g) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq, From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 34 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 3. 2Na + = 2H,0 > 2NaOH + He Apabila 0.23 g natrium ditambah ke dalam air, logam tersebut akan bertindak balas dengan cergas di permukaan air. [RAM: Na=23; H=1; O=16; Isi padu molar adalah 24 dm? pada suhu bilik] When 0.23 g of sodium is added to water, the metal will react vigorously at the surface of the water. [RAM: Na=23; H=1; O=16; Molar volume is 24 dm® at room temperature] Hitung / Calculate: (a) jisim natrium hidroksida yang terhasil. _ (Jwpn. 0.4g) The mass sodium hydroxide produced. (Ans. 0.4g) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan (b) Isi padu gas hidrogen yang terhasil pada suhu bilik. (Ans: 0.12 dm) Volume of hydrogen gasses yang being produced at temperature room. (Ans: 0.12 dm‘) Info [Info Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol i Formula mol Formula From eq, From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 35 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 4. 2Mg + > 2Mgo Satu jalur pita magnesium mempunyai berat 1.2 g yang sedang terbakar dalam lebihan oksigen untuk menghasilkan magnesium oksida. [RAM: Mg=24; O=16] A strip of magnesium has a weight of 1.2 g are being burn with surplus oxygen to produced magnesium oxide. [RAM: Mg=24; O=16] Hitung / Calculate: (a) jisim magnesium oksida yang terhasil. __(Jwpn: 2 g) The mass magnesium oxide being produced. (Ans. 2 g) Info /Info Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol | Formula mol Formula From eq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan (b) Jisim oksigen yang diperlukan untuk tindak balas ini. (Jwpn: 0.8 g) The mass of oxygen that needed for this reaction. (Ans: 0.8 g) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 36 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 5. GHs + 502 > 3C + 40 Persamaan kimia di atas menunjukkan apabila gas propana dibakar di dalam oksigen. Jika 3.36 dm® gas karbon dioksida dihasilkan dalam tindak balas ini di STP, [RAM: C=12; O=16; He ; Isi padu Molar ialah 22.4 dm® pada STP] Chemical equation above shows when propane gas was burned in oxygen. If 3.36 dm of carbon dioxide gas are produced in this reaction at STP, [RAM: C=12; O=16; H=1; Molar Volume is 22.4 dm? at STP] Hitung / Calculate: (a) Jisim propana yang dibakar. (Jwpn: 2.2 g) The mass of propane burned (Ans: 2.2.) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq, From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan (b) Jumlah isi padu gas oksigen yang bertindak balas. (spwn: 5.6 dm®) Volume of oxygen gas that reacted. (Ans: 5.6 dm) Info /Info Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol i Formula mol Formula From eq, From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 37 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak (Gm Al ee OCU) > ALO: Basu 1, 35 g serbuk aluminium dan kuprum(II) oksida telah dipanaskan dengan kuat di dalam makmal untuk menghasilkan oksida aluminium dan kuprum, [RAM: Al=27; O=16; Cu=64] 1.359 of aluminium powder and copper{tl) oxide was heated strongly in laboratory to produced aluminium oxide and copper. [RAM: Al=27; O=16; Cu=64] Hitung / Calculate: (a) Jisim kuprum(I) oksida yang bertindak balas. _ (Jwpn: 6 g) The mass of copper{ll) oxide reacted (Ans. 6g) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq, From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan (b) Jisim aluminium oksida yang dihasilkan. (Jpwn: 2.55 g} The mass of aluminium oxide produced. (Ans: 2.55 g) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 38 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak (©) Jisim kuprum yang terhasil. (Jwpn: 4.8 g) The mass of copper produced. (Ans: 4.8 g) Info /Info ‘Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq, From calculation Statement / Pernyataan Formula mol Convert to Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 39 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak Aktiviti 3: Mol dalam Persamaan Kimia II Activity 3: Mole in Chemical Equation Il 1 4K + OKO. 11.7 g kalium terbakar dalam oksigen untuk menghasilkan kalium oksida. [RAM: K=39; 016; Isi padu Molar adalah 24 dm® pada subu bilik] 11.7 g of potassium was burnt in oxygen to produce potassium oxide. [RAM: ; O= 16; Molar Volume is 24 dm: at room temperature} Hitung / Calculate: (a) Jisim kalium oksida yang dihasilkan. (Jwpn: 14.1 g) Mass of potassium oxide being produced. (Ans: 14.1 g) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq. From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan (b) Jumlah isi padu oksigen yang bertindak balas pada suhu bilik. (Jwpn: 1.8 dm3) Volume of oxygen reacts at room temperature. (Ans, 1.8 dm‘) Info Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq. From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 40 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 2Fe + 3Ch > — 2FeCh 33.6 g ferum bertindak balas dengan gas klorin untuk menghasilkan ferum(III) klorida pada suhu bilik. [RAM: Fe=56; CI=35.5; Isi padu Molar adalah 24 dm? mot pada suhu bilik] 33.6 g of iron react with chlorine gas to produced iron(lll) chloride at room temperature. [RAM: Fe=56; CI=35.5; Molar Volume is 24 dm® mot" at room temperature] Hitung / Calculate: (a) Jisim besi (Ill) klorida dihasilkan (Ans. 97.5 g) (a) Mass of iron(II) chloride produced (Ans. 97.5 g) Info / Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol i Formula mol Info Solve Formula From eq From ealoulation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan (b) Jumlah isi padu gas klorin yang bertindak balas. (Jwpn: 21.6 dm®) Volume of chiorine gas reacts. (Ans, 21.6 dm’) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 41 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 3. 2Mg + O02 > 2MgO 3.84 g magnesium dibakar dalam gas oksigen untuk menghasilkan magnesium oksida di dalam makmal. [RAM: Mg=24; O=16; Isi padu Molar adalah 24 dm? mot! pada suhu bilik] 3.84 g of magnesium was burnt in oxygen gas to produced magnesium oxide in a laboratory. [RAM: Mg=24; O=16; Molar Volume is 24 dm mot" at room temperature] Hitung / Calculate: (a) Jisim magnesium oksida terhasil. _ (Jwpn: 6.4 g) Mass of magnesium oxide produced. (Ans: 6.4 g) Info / Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol i Formula mol Info Solve Formula From eq From ealoulation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan (b) Jumlah isi padu oksigen yang bertindak balas dengan magnesium pada suhu bilik. (Jwpn: 1.92 ds) Volume of oxygen reacts with magnesium at room temperature. (Ans: 1.92 dm°) Info [Info Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol i Formula mol Formula From eq, From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 42 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 4. 2KNOs > 2KNO2 + On 5.05 g kalium nitrat telah dipanaskan dengan kuat untuk menghasilkan kalium nitrit dan gas oksigen pada suhu piawai. [RAM: K=39; N=14; O=16; Isi padu Molar ialah 22.4 dm° mol pada suhu piawai] 5.05 g of potassium nitrate was heated strongly to produce potassium nitrite and oxygen gas at standard temperature. '6; Molar Volume is 22.4 dm® mol at standard temperature] Hitung / Calculate: (a) Jisim kalium nitrit yang terhasil. —_ (Jwpn: 4.25 g) Mass of potassium nitrite produced (Ans. 4.25 g) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan (b) Jumlah isi padu oksigen yang terhasil. _(Jwpn: 0.56 dm) Volume of oxygen produced (Ans, 0.56 dm?) Info /Info isbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Formula From eq, From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 43 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak 5, 2Pb(NOs}2 > — 2PbO + 4NO2 + 0 7.282 g plumbum(I]) nitrat telah dipanaskan dengan kuat untuk menghasilkan produk seperti di atas pada STP, [RAM: Pb=207; N=14; O=16; Isi padu Molar ialah 22.4 dm° pada STP] 7.282 g of lead({l) nitrate was heated strongly to produce products as above at STP. [RAM Pb=207; N=14; O=16; Molar Volume is 22.4 dm? at STP] Hitung / Calculate: (a) Jisim plumbum(II) oksida. _ (Jwpn: 4.906 g) Mass of lead{(il) oxide (Ans: 4.906 g) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq. From caloulation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan (b) Jumlah isi padu gas nitrogen dioksida yang dikeluarkan. (Jwpn: 0.9856 dm®) Volume of nitrogen dioxide gas released (Ans. 0.9856 dm) Info /Info Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Formula From eq, From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 44 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak (c) Jumtah isi padu oksigen yang dihasilkan dalam eksperimen. _ (Jwpn: 0.2464 dm®) Volume of oxygen produced in the experiment. (Ans. 0.2464 dm) Info /info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol 1 Formula mol Info__| Solve Formula From eq. From caleulation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Ghee Alt OC) ea ZAC tae oH 3.24 g serbuk aluminium ditambah ke dalam asid hidroklorik di dalam kelalang kon. Tindak balas yang berlaku mengeluarkan gas hidrogen dan menghasilkan larutan aluminium Klorida. [RAM: Al=27; Cl-35.5; H=1; Isi padu Molar adalah 24 dm® pada suhu bilik] : (a) Jisim asid hidroklorik bertindak balas dengan aluminium (. Dan 13.14 g) 3.24 g of aluminum powder are added to hydrochloric acid in a conical flask. The reaction released a hydrogen gas and produced a aluminum chloride solution. [RAM: Al=27; Cl H=1; Molar Volume is 24 dm® at room temperature] Hitung / Calculate: (a) Jisim asid hidroklorik yang bertindak balas dengan aluminium. (Jwpn: 13.14 g} Mass of hydrochloric acid reacts with aluminum. (Ans: 13.14 g) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq. From caleulation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 45 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak (b) Jisim aluminium klorida terhe ‘Mass of aluminum chloride produced. (Ans. 16.02 g) (Jwpn: 16.02 g} Info /info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol 1 Info| Solve Formula From eq, From calculation Statement / Pernyataan (c) Jumlah isi padu gas hidrogen yang dibebaskan pada suhu Formula mol Convert to Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan bilik (Dan. 4.32 dm‘) Volume of hydrogen gas released at room temperature (Ans. 4.32 dm’) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Info| Solve Formula From eq, From calculation Statement / Pernyataan Formula mol Convert to Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 46 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak ib 3Mg + FeO, > — 3MgO + Fe 3 g serbuk magnesium telah ditambah kepada ferum(III) oksida dan dipanaskan dengan kuat. Tindak balas menghasilkan wasap putih magnesium oksida dan logam perang ferum, [RAM: Mg=24; 0=16; Fe=56] 3-g of magnesium powder was added to iron(lll) oxide and heated very strongly. The reaction produced a white fume of magnesium oxide and a brown metal of iron. [RAM: Me 0-16; Fe=56] Hitung / Calculate: (a) Jisim Ferum(IIl) oksida yang bertindak balas dengan magnesium. —_(Jwpn: 6.67 g) Mass of iron(Ifl) oxide reacts with magnesium. (Ans: 6.67 g) Info /Info Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan (b) Jisim wasap putih yang terbebas di dalam tindak balas. (Jpwn: 5 g) Mass of the white fume released in the reaction (Ans: 5g) Info /Info Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol I Formula mol Formula From eq. From calculation Convert to Statement / Pernyataan Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 47 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.comSiriRevision 04 - Cemerlang Kimia bersama cikgu Adura Azlin Ishak (©) Jisim Ferum yang terhasil (Jwpn: 4.67 g) Mass of iron produced (Ans. 4.67 g) Info /Info ‘Nisbah /Ratio Selesaikan /Solve Formula mol Info| Solve Formula From eq, From calculation Statement / Pernyataan Formula mol Convert to Tukarkan kepada Solve it Selesaikan Page 48 | update: Jan 2016 | cikguadura.wordpress.com