SOME ALGEBRAIC INEQUALITIES PROVED BY USING A

FERMAT - TORRICELLIS GEOMETRIC CONFIGURATION

DANIEL SITARU

Abstract. In this paper its developed a method to construct algebraic in-

equalities by constructing a triangle configuration. Famous inequalities are
redesigned using the properties of Fermat - Torricelli point of this triangle.
Main results:
If x,
py,Qz > 0 then:
1. 3 (x2 + xy + y 2 ) xy + yz + zx
P
x2 +xy+y 2 3
2. Q xy+yz+zx
x2 +xy+y 2
Q  Q
3. 2x2 + x(y + z) yz (x2 + xy + y 2 )
P y2 +yz+z2  P 2 P  P 1
4. 3 x2 +xz+z 2 2 x + xy x2 +xy+y 2
Pp 2 pQ
5. (xy + yz + zx) px + xy + y 2 3 (x2 + xy + y 2 )
(x + y + z)2
P 2 + xy + y 2 )(y 2 + yz + z 2 )
6. (x
Q 2
2 (x +xy+y 2 )
Q 2
+xy+y 2 )
P
3( xy) (x P
7. P 2 2 2
P 2 2
3( xy)2
( x +xy+y ) x +xy+y
Let T be a point in a plane and A, B, C such that T A = x; T B = y; T C = z and
^AT B = ^BT C = ^CT A = 120

T is the Fermat - Toricellis point of ABC. By cosines rule in

BT C; CT A; AT B:
p
a = BC = y 2 + yz + z 2
p
b = CA = z 2 + zx + x2
p
c = AB = x2 + xy + y 2

Key words and phrases. Fermat - Toricelli; inequalities.

1
2 DANIEL SITARU

Area of triangle ABC:

1 1
S = [ABC] = T B T C sin 120 + T C T A sin 120 +
2 2

1 3
+ T A T C sin 120 = (xy + yz + zx)
2 4
Proof 1. By Carlitzs inequality (AMM - 1961) in ABC:
3 4
a2 b2 c2 S.
3

4 3
qY
3
(x + xy + y )
2 2 (xy + yz + zx)
3 4
qY
3
(x2 + xy + y 2 ) xy + yz + zx
Observation: Inequality 1 it is known as Wus inequality. 
Proof 2. By Mitrinovics inequality in ABC:

3 3
s R
2
abc
2s 3 3R a + b + c 3 3
4S

4S(a + b + c) 3 3abc

3 X  X p Yp
4 xy x2 + xy + y 2 3 3 x2 + xy + y 2
4
 X  Xp Yp
3 xy x2 + xy + y 2 3 3 x2 + xy + y 2
P p
x2 + xy + y 2 3
Qp 2
x + xy + y 2 xy + yz + zx

Proof 3.
b2 + c2 a2 z 2 + zx + x2 + x2 + xy + y 2 y 2 yz z 2
cos A = = p
2bc 2 (z 2 + zx + x2 )(x2 + xy + y 2 )
2x2 + x(y + z) yz
cos A = p
2 (z 2 + zx + x2 )(x2 + xy + y 2 )
Its known that:
1
cos A cos B cos C
8
Y 2x2 + x(y + z) yz 1
p
2 2 2
2 (z + zx + x )(x + xy + y ) 2 8
Q 2
(2x + x(y + z) yz)
Q 2 1
(x + xy + y 2 )
Y  Y
2x2 + x(y + z) yz (x2 + xy + y 2 )

SOME ALGEBRAIC INEQUALITIES PROVED BY USING A FERMAT - TORRICELLIS GEOMETRIC CONFIGURATION
3

Proof 4. Its known Walkers inequality in any ABC:

 a2 b2 c2  1 1 1
3 2 + 2 + 2 (a2 + b2 + c2 ) 2 + 2 + 2
b c a a b c
X y 2 + yz + z 2 X X 1
3 (x2 + xy + y 2 )
x2 + xz + z 2 x2 + xy + y 2
X y 2 + yz + z 2  X X  X 1
2
3 2 x + xy
x2 + xz + z 2 x2 + xy + y 2

Proof 5. Its knonw Currys inequality (AMM - 1967).
In any triangle ABC:
9abc
4S 3
a+b+c


Qp 2
3 9 x + xy + y 2
4 (xy + yz + zx) 3 P p
4 x2 + xy + y 2
Xp qY
(xy + yz + zx) x2 + xy + y 2 3 (x2 + xy + y 2 )

Proof 6. Its known Hadwiger - Finslers inequality.
In any triangle ABC:

a2 + b2 + c2 4S 3 + (a b)2 + (b c)2 + (c a)2

2(ab + bc + ca) 4S 3 + a2 + b2 + c2

Xp 3X X
2 2 2 2 2
(x + xy + y )(y + yz + z ) 4 3 xy + (x2 + xy + y 2 )
4
Xp X X X
2 (x2 + xy + y 2 )(y 2 + yz + z 2 ) 3 xy + 2 x2 + xy
X X Xp
x2 + 2 xy (x2 + xy + y 2 )(y 2 + yz + z 2 )
Xp
(x + y + z)2 (x2 + xy + y 2 )(y 2 + yz + z 2 )

Proof 7. Its known Klamkins inequality.
In any ABC:
abc
4r2 R2
a+b+c
S2 abc a2 b2 c2
4 2
s a+b+c 16S 2
3 2 Qp 2
P Q 2
4( xy) x + xy + y 2 (x + xy + y 2 )
4 1 Pp Pp 3
P
4( x2 + xy + y 2 )2 x2 + xy + y 2 16 16 ( xy)2
pQ
3( xy)2
Q 2
(x2 + xy + y 2 ) (x + xy + y 2 )
P
Pp P
3( xy)2
Pp 2
( x + xy + y 2 )2 x2 + xy + y 2

Observation:
All inequalities (1 - 7) becomes equalities for x = y = z.
4 DANIEL SITARU

References
[1] Daniel Sitaru Math Phenomenon. Paralela 45 Publishing House, Pitesti, Romania, 2016.
[2] Romanian Mathematical Magazine http://www.ssmrmh.ro

Mathematics Department, Theodor Costescu National Economic College, Drobeta

Turnu - Severin, MEHEDINTI.
E-mail address: dansitaru63@yahoo.com