Professional Documents
Culture Documents
6004550b How To Cal Thermocouple An W PDF
6004550b How To Cal Thermocouple An W PDF
6004550b How To Cal Thermocouple An W PDF
thermocouple
Application Note
Freeze point element or compound Chemical symbol ITS-90 freeze point temperature (C)
Silver Ag 961.78
Aluminum Al 660.323
Zinc Zn 419.527
Tin Sn 231.928
Water H2O 0.010
(2)
NIST Monograph 175, (1993), p.4.
Figure 3. Fixed point cell summary.
The characterization matrices, the elements and the least squares solution [x*]
(temperatures in C, and EMF in mVdc)
System of Equations Matrices: [A] [X] = [b]
t(0) t 2 mvmeas mvref
(0) (0) (0)
Matrix Elements: [A] = t(Zn) t(Zn)2 [X] = dc1 [b] = mvmeas (Zn) mvref (Zn)
t(Al) t(Al)2 2 mvmeas mvref
(Al) (Al)
dc1
Least Squares Solution Matrices: [x*] = ([AT] [A])-1 [AT] [b] ( where [x*] and [x*] approximates [X] )
dc2
t(0) t(0)2
t(Sn) t(Sn)2
t(0) t(Sn) t(Zn) t(Al) t(Ag)
t(Zn) t(Zn)2 =
Ag (t )
i=0 i Ag
2
(t )
i=0 i
3
t(Ag) t(Ag)2
Ag Ag Ag Ag
-1
(t )
i=0 i
2
(t )
i=0 i
3
1 .
(t )
i=0 i
4
(t )
i=0 i
3
([A ] [A]) =
T -1
=
i=0 i i=0 i
Ag (t )
3 Ag (t )4
. . i=0 i
Ag (t )
3
i=0 i
Ag (t ) 2
[x*] =
. . i=0 i
Ag (t )
3
i=0 i
Ag (t )
2
t(0)2 t(Sn)2 t(Zn)2 t(Al)2 t(Ag)2 (Zn)
mvmeas mvref
(Zn)
(Al) (Al)
mvmeas mvref
(Ag) (Ag)
References
1) NIST Special Publication 250-35, The Cali- 4) Omega Engineering Technical Refer-
bration of Thermocouples and Thermocouple ence, Section Z. http://www.omega.com/
Materials, G.W. Burns and M.G. Scroger, temperature/Z/zsection.asp (used for TC color
National Institute of Standards and Technol- codes)
ogy, Gaithersburg, MD, 1989. 5) Geometric Transformations and Image
2) NIST Monograph 175, Temperature-Electro- Warping, University of Utah, SCI (School of
motive Force Reference Functions and Tables Computer Imaging) Institute, School of Com-
for the Letter-Designated Thermocouple puting, an MS-PowerPoint Presentation by
Types Based on the ITS-90, G.W. Burns, et Ross Whitaker, as modified by Guido Gerig,
al, National Institute of Standards and Tech- Class CS6640, Fall, 2012, pp. 50-54.
nology, Gaithersburg, MD, 1993. 6) Thermocouple Report of Calibration for Type
3) ASTM E230-03, Standard Specification S, latest version, Fluke Calibration, American
and Temperature-Electromotive Force (EMF) Fork, UT, p. 2 of 14.
Tables for Standardized Thermocouples,
ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA, 2003.