FUEL SELECTION

Fuel Selection
 Cetane Number

Startability and Performance

PREFERRED FUELS
Diesel Fuel
Fuel Oil
Furnace Oil
Gas Oil
 PREFERRED FUELS
Requirement Number 2 Low Sulfur
Cetane No. (PC) 35 min. 35 min.
Cetane No. (DI) 40 min. 40 min.
Water and Sediment 0.05% max 0.05% max
API - min. 30 30
API - max. 45 45
Sulfur 0.5% 0.05%

Pour Point: 10F below ambient temperature

Cloud Point: Not higher than ambient temperature
Permissible Fuels
Crude Oils
Blended Fuels
 PERMISSIBLE FUELS
Requirement Crude Oils Blended Fuel
Cetane No. (PC) 35 min. 35 min.
Cetane No. (DI) 40 min. 40 min.
Water and Sediment 0.5% max 0.5% max
API - min. 30 30
API - max. 45 45
Sulfur 0.5% 5.0%

Pour Point: 10F below ambient temperature

Cloud Point: not higher than ambient temperature
 Cetane Number

Startability and Performance

 FUEL SULFUR
Test Specification Fuel Sulfur Content
ASTM D129 Standard Fuel 0.5%
ASTM D2622 Low Sulfur Fuel 0.05%
WHEN YOU BUY FUEL
Meet fuel specifications
Keep it clean
How Big is a Micron?
(2,000 Times Size)

Human Hair
.0035 inch
.0889 mm

.0001 inch
.00254 mm

.0001 inch
.00254 mm
.000039 inch
.001 mm
 Sources
of
Contamination
 Minimizing
Fuel
Contamination
THE BASICS OF FLUIDS
 OTHER FLUID AND PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

COMPONENT REPAIRS AND OVERHAULS

DOWNTIME AND ASSOCIATED COSTS

PURCHASE PRICE AND ASSOCIATED COSTS

FUEL
$$
CRUDE OIL 30

20

10

87 88 89 90 91
YEAR
 THERMO-
HYDROMETER
 SPECIFIC GRAVITIES AND DENSITIES OF FUEL
Gravity Density
Degrees API at 15C (60F) Specific Gravity at 15C (60F) Pounds per Gallon
25 .9042 7.529
26 .8984 7.481
27 .8927 7.434
28 .8871 7.387
29 .8816 7.341
30 .8762 7.296
31 .8708 7.251
32 .8654 7.206
33 .8602 7.163
34 .8550 7.119
35 .8498 7.076
36 .8448 7.034
37 .8398 6.993
38 .8348 6.951
39 .8299 6.910
40 .8251 6.870
41 .8203 6.830
42 .8155 6.790
43 .8109 6.752
44 .8063 6.713
45 .8017 6.675
46 .7972 6.637
47 .7927 6.600
48 .7883 6.563
49 .7839 6.526