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Primary Tissues
Primary Tissues
Primary Tissues
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Epithelial Tissue
Covers the outside of
the body and lines the The arrangement of
organs and cavities epithelial cells may be:
within the body simple (single cell layer),
It contains cells that are stratified (multiple
closely joined layers of cells), or
The shape of epithelial pseudostratified (a single
layer of cells of varying
cells may be length)
Squamous,
cuboidal,
columnar,
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Figure 40.5aa
Epithelial Tissue
Stratified squamous
epithelium
Basement
membrane
Pseudostratified
Cuboidal Simple columnar Simple squamous columnar
epithelium epithelium epithelium epithelium
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Simple Squamous Epithelium
Lines blood vessels and air sacs in lungs
Permits exchange of materials by diffusion
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Simple Cuboidal and
Columnar Epithelia
Line passageways
Specialized for secretion and absorption
microvilli
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Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Forms outer layer of skin
Lines passageways into the body
Provides protection
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Pseudostratified Epithelium
Lines passageways
Protects underlying tissues
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Glands= Specialized epithelial tissue
Goblet cells
unicellular exocrine glands that secrete mucus
Exocrine glands
secrete product through a duct onto exposed
epithelial surface
Endocrine glands
release hormones into interstitial fluid or blood
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Unicellular glands
Cilia (goblet cells)
Basement
membrane
(a) Goblet cells.
Skin
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Figure 40.5ba
Connective Tissue
Loose connective tissue
Collagenous fiber Blood
Plasma
White
blood cells
120 m
55 m
Elastic fiber Red blood cells
Cartilage
Fibrous connective tissue
Chondrocytes
100 m
30 m
Chondroitin sulfate
Nuclei Bone Adipose tissue
Central
canal Fat droplets
700 m
Osteon 150 m
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Muscle Tissue
It is divided in the vertebrate body into three types:
Skeletal muscle, or striated muscle, is
responsible for voluntary movement
Smooth muscle is responsible for involuntary
body activities
Cardiac muscle is responsible for contraction of
the heart
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Figure 40.5ca
Muscle Tissue
Skeletal muscle
Nuclei
Muscle
fiber
Sarcomere
100 m
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Nervous Tissue
Nervous tissue senses stimuli and transmits signals
throughout the animal
Nervous tissue contains
Neurons, or nerve cells, that transmit nerve
impulses
Glial cells, or glia, that help nourish, insulate,
and replenish neurons
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Figure 40.5da
Nervous Tissue
Neurons Glia Glia 15 m
Neuron:
Dendrites
Cell body
Axons of
Axon neurons
40 m
Blood
vessel
(Fluorescent LM) (Confocal LM)
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